Wuppertal Institute - European...

Market and feasibility study (Deliverable D3) and

Refined technology procurement methodology adapted to the market for energy-efficient circulator pumps (Deliverable D2)

Product criteria for Energy+ pumps and for boilers using Energy+ pumps (Deliverable D1)

##

December 2006

Supported by

Coordinated by

Claus Barthel, Stefan Thomas

Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy

With inputs from all partners

Energy+ Pumps

The Project in brief

About 2–3 % of the overall electricity consumption of the EU is caused by circulators in

single or double family homes and flats. A new technology of pumps with electronically

commutated (EC) motor pumps is available now; it is one possible way to achieve a

reduction in circulator annual electricity use by 60 % or more.

The project’s objective is a market transformation towards this new very energy-

efficient pump technologies – Energy+ pumps – for circulators in heating systems, both

stand alone and integrated in boilers. The of the project is, therefore, to bring more

products to the market from all major manufacturers, to contribute to their market

success, and to reduce their prices through mass production.

In order to achieve this objective, the project will adapt and apply the technology

procurement methodology. Large buyers will be aggregated, to activate the pump and

boiler manufacturers. Sales and training materials, and a sizing spreadsheet software

for installation contractors will be developed and applied. A competition both for

energy-efficient products and marketing campaigns will be organised and the

information on the Energy+ pumps will be disseminated widely through website,

newsletter, media, and fairs.

Consortium

The project is co-ordinated by the Wuppertal Institute. The 10 project partners are:

Project Partner Country

Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy (WI) DE

Österreichische Energieagentur – Austrian Energy Agency (A.E.A.) AT

Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Energetica, eERG IT

Flemisch Institute for Technological Research (Vito) BE

Agence de l’Environnement et de la Maitrise de l’Energie (ADEME) FR

Centre for Renewable Energy Sources (CRES) GR

ESCAN, S.A. ES

SEVEn, Stredisko pro efektivni vyuzivani energie, o.p.s. CZ

Motiva Oy FI

Deutsche Energie-Agentur GmbH (dena) DE

Contact

Dr. Claus Barthel, Dr. Stefan Thomas

Wuppertal Institute

for Climate, Environment and Energy

Döppersberg 19

42103 Wuppertal, Germany

Tel.: +49 (0)202-2492-166

Fax.: +49 (0)202-2492-198

Email: [email protected]

URL: www.energypluspumps.eu www.wupperinst.org

Energy+ Pumps Feasibility study and revised procurement method

2

Market and feasibility study (Deliverable D3) and

Refined technology procurement methodology adapted

to the market for energy-efficient circulator pumps

(Deliverable D2)

Claus Barthel, Stefan Thomas

Contents

1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 3

1.1 Potentials............................................................................................................. 3

1.2 The Energy+ Pumps project ................................................................................ 4

1.3 The objectives of the market and feasibility study ................................................ 7

1.4 The purpose and contents of this report............................................................... 8

2 Results of the European-wide market study on circulators and heating

systems....................................................................................................................... 9

2.1 Structure of the market for heating systems......................................................... 9

2.2 Circulator stock and sales, and circulator energy consumption and energy saving potentials .................................................................................................................... 10

2.3 Target groups for policy, incentives and instruments ......................................... 13

2.3.1 Market chain and product flow for circulators .................................................. 13

2.3.2 Market actors who select the circulator ........................................................... 14

2.3.3 Conclusions on target groups, incentives and instruments.............................. 15

3 Revised technology procurement methodology .............................................. 17

3.1 Elements of the methodology ............................................................................ 17

3.1.1 Categories of products to target by Energy+ Pumps ....................................... 17

3.1.2 Target groups and instruments of Energy+ Pumps ......................................... 18

3.2 Energy+ Pumps product criteria......................................................................... 20

3.2.1 Product criteria for circulators ......................................................................... 20

3.2.2 Product criteria for heating units ..................................................................... 20

3.2.3 Presentation of products on the Energy+ Pumps lists ..................................... 21

4 References .......................................................................................................... 23

5 Appendixes ......................................................................................................... 24

Energy+ Pumps Claus Barthel, Stefan Thomas

3

1 Introduction

In the EU-27, the electricity consumption by circulators for heating purposes in

households amounted to about 50 TWh per year. This is caused by over 100 Million

circulators, most of them with a power input below 250 W. But private households often

do not even know that they have a circulator in their heating system, much less do they

know that the circulator is responsible for 5 to 10 % of their electricity bill. As long as

their rooms get warm, they don’t care about this and trust their installer that he or she

installed a good system. The consumer does not know the electricity costs he or she

has to spend for running the circulator and if he/she knew, he/she also might not care

because the absolute amount of money of about, say, 60 Euros per year is not so high

that the consumer would try to spend much effort to minimise this.

For society, however, the energy used by circulators in all types of buildings is equal to

about 2 % of the overall electricity consumption and causes CO2 emissions of more

than 30 million tons per year, so efforts to minimise this would be worthwhile both for

economic and for climate change mitigation reasons.

1.1 Potentials

A typical circulator used in European heating systems has a power input of 80 to 100

W. Several studies show that this is far oversized (e.g. [1], [2], [3]). Installation

contractors tend to install a big pump so as to receive no complaints from their

customers; the contractors do not have to pay the electricity bill. Normally, a smaller

pump would be sufficient in a heating system. An additional issue is the hydraulic

balance: A correct hydraulic balance secures the same heat supply to all radiators. If

the heat supply is uneven, a stronger pump will be necessary to compensate this. So, if

the hydraulic balance were correct in a heating system, which is not the case under

normal circumstances, even a smaller pump could be installed. For the above

mentioned example, a conventional technology circulator with 35 W will be sufficient

[2].

For a number years, a new technology of pumps with electronically commutated (EC)

motor pumps has been available. By this high-efficiency circulator, a reduction in

circulator annual electricity use by 60 % or more is achievable. In our example, the new

technology would only need 10 W of power input for a well-adjusted heating system

with hydraulic balance performed [2]. Figure 1 shows a comparison of the possible

savings compared to a typical situation.


4

Figure 1. Comparison of the input power of different circulators

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

typical circulator,

oversized

circulator,

well-adjusted

new

high-efficiency

circulator

Pow

er

input

[W]

Source: [2]

This new high-efficiency circulator, that was first developed by the Swiss manufacturer

Biral in 2000 and brought to the market soon afterwards (see Fig. 2), would save about

1 % of current EU electricity consumption, that is 30 TWh/year, and reduce CO2

emissions by at least 20 million tons per year. For the first few years, this new pump

was not very successful on the market. It was caught in a vicious cycle of high initial

prices and low production numbers. Therefore, Biral remained for a number of years

the only manufacturer to have introduced the new pump technology to the market for

single or double family homes and flats. Only in the autumn of 2005, the two European

pump market leaders, Grundfos and Wilo, entered the market with a similar pump. With

an end-consumer price of about 300 Euros, the price is still high but much more

affordable now.

1.2 The Energy+ Pumps project

Though the conditions for the introduction of the new technology in the market are

given now, there exist a lot of barriers. Current market barriers include a high initial

price (300 Euros) due to low production numbers, low customer interest caused by the

fact that not the final customer but installation contractors or even boiler manufacturers

are usually choosing the pump, and vendors selling to the final customer on product

price only.

This is a notable difference to the market for medium-sized circulators (200 to 400

Watts of input power, for office and other larger buildings). This is a market of

institutional buyers that specify the pumps themselves and are used to economic

calculations, hence easier to convince than the single homeowner.


5

The Energy+ Pumps project is, therefore, mainly targeting the market for the small-

scale circulators, to foster the market entry and uptake of these.

The short-term objective of the project is, therefore, to bring even more products to the

market (our target is that at the end of the project the lists should hold at least 10

pumps for space heating and sanitary hot water by at least 3 manufacturers, and at

least 10 condensing or low energy boilers with the new pump built in), to support their

rapid break-through in the market and thereby to reduce their prices through mass

production. According to one manufacturer, an annual production volume of 30,000 to

40,000 pumps would be needed to start mass production and bring down prices.

We expect that the project will contribute to bringing small-scale Energy+ circulators to

the market for single or double homes and flats from all major manufacturers, and to

reducing the price premium over conventional electronically controlled circulators for

that market to less than 50 % or 60 Euros.

This will be achieved through the methods of technology procurement that have been

successfully tested in the European Energy+ project for energy-efficient refrigerators

and freezers, co-funded by the SAVE programme (cf. [5] and [6]).

The project’s approach is, therefore, to bring together institutional buyers such as

housing companies, intermediate buyers such as boiler manufacturers, installation

contractors and their associations, and pump manufacturers to build mutual trust:

• confidence for the pump manufacturers in the existence of a market demand large

enough to start mass production,

• confidence for installers and boiler manufacturers that it will be feasible and easy to

convince final buyers of the benefits of the new pumps,

• and buyer awareness of the benefits of the new technology and confidence that a

supply at appropriate prices will be feasible.

The methodology of technology procurement therefore implies an active co-operation

with the following target groups.

• On the demand side of circulators: particularly large institutional buyers to sign

procurement declarations, but potentially all building owners as purchasers of the

new kind of pumps, or boilers that have these pumps built in;

• On the supply side of circulators: pump and boiler manufacturers, as well as

installation contractors and their associations;

• For support of the dissemination of information: further national, regional, and local

energy agencies than those already in the consortium, environmental and


6

consumer NGOs, energy companies, associations of building owners and market

participants, and other organisations interested in the subject.

The work programme describes this methodology of technology procurement for

energy-efficient circulators with more detail as follows:

• Potential large institutional buyers are invited to sign a procurement declaration.

This either concerns an indicative number of pumps, e.g., for replacement, or of

boilers that have the new pumps integrated. Final customers buying such pumps in

larger quantities could be big housing companies. Apart from bigger multifamily

buildings where the bigger pumps are needed, they may also have blocks of

smaller multifamily or even row houses, or they may have heating systems by

apartment (with wall-mounted boilers). In the bigger multifamily houses, such small

pumps could be used in sanitary hot water circulation systems. Although the small

circulators are at the focus of this project, the procurement declarations also include

medium-sized circulators (up to 300 Watts of input power) used in bigger apartment

blocks, office, and other larger buildings, in order to achieve synergies.

• The pump manufacturers are invited to develop and launch to the market pumps

fulfilling the criteria developed by the project, and to present them to the Energy+

team for inclusion in lists of qualifying products. They are also expected to actively

market their products once they are on the market.

• Boiler manufacturers are contacted, too. They are in an intermediate position as

buyers of the pumps, but manufacturers of products that are sold to the final

customers. Hence, they must see a potential market for boilers with the efficient

pumps integrated, in order to become buyers for the pumps. The project will build

their trust in such an initial market.

• Finally, further energy agencies, environmental and consumer NGOs, energy

companies, associations, and other organisations interested in the subject are

invited to support the project with publicity. Governments and energy companies

might also support the market uptake of the new pumps with financial incentive

programmes. This will indirectly target the whole market of all building owners in

order to achieve a wider market break-through for the new energy-efficient

circulators.

• To further support this process and increase sales volumes, installation contractors

must be integrated in the project. They too must be convinced that there is a market

for the new pumps and that it is worth the effort to actively sell them to their

customers. For this purpose, they must receive easy-to-use materials to convince

their customers and be trained about selling the efficient pumps based on life-cycle

costs. The project will develop and disseminate such materials as well as a

software tool for proper sizing of circulators, and a training seminar. In order to

achieve synergies, this will cover both the small and medium-sized circulators.


7

• The project will actively co-operate with professional training agencies, institutes

and organisations, associations of installation contractors, and pump and boiler

manufacturers to organise the training seminars.

None of the primary market agents (buyers, manufacturers, installers) are Members of

the Consortium. The reason is that the Co-ordinators of a technology procurement at

European and national level must be independent from those directly involved in the

target market.

The project will also enable a field-test of the appropriateness of the method for

classification of circulators proposed by the European manufacturer organisation

Europump. The consortium will also actively seek to co-operate with Member State

governments and energy suppliers about potential financial incentive programmes and

awareness campaigns. E.g., the new pumps could be targets for energy efficiency

programmes in the framework of the Italian White Certificate system, or the obligations

for Flemish grid companies, or the Energy Efficiency Commitment in the UK.

Furthermore, in the context of the EU Directive on the overall energy performance of

buildings, reducing the electricity consumption for the circulator will make it easier to

achieve the primary energy performance targets for new and refurbished buildings.

The ultimate long-term objective is to transform the market so that the new technology

will become the standard technology, at prices close to those of today’s pumps. This

seems feasible, since the new technology enables smaller pumps and hence requires

less material, and the extra costs of the electronic controls are constantly decreasing.

1.3 The objectives of the market and feasibility study

Having regard to the hypothesis and the basic concept formulated in the Work

programme of the project and presented in chapter 1.2, the objectives of the market

and feasibility study have been as follows:

The first objective is to analyse the market structures and the obstacles for

implementation of the new technology. This was to reveal information relevant for

making a better choice of the most important types of circulators and heating units

(heating appliances) to be subject of the technology procurement:

• what are the most important types of heating systems in the participating countries,

• which types of circulators and circulator control schemes are used in the typical

heating systems in the participating countries,


8

• what are the annual hours of use and hence the economic benefits of changing

circulators to the new technology, and

• what are the stock of, the number of annual sales of, and the potential energy

savings associated with circulators in the participating countries?

The analysis of markets and market barriers was complemented with questions related

to information enabling to test our hypothesis of what should be the elements of the

technology procurement on energy-efficient circulators:

• what is the market chain from the manufacturer to the final user,

• what are the incentives and barriers for all actors to promote, sell, or purchase

energy-efficient circulators, and

• who in this market chain takes the decision on selecting the circulator for a heating

system?

Furthermore, the willingness of the market players to co-operate in the technology

procurement was to be assessed.

1.4 The purpose and contents of this report

This report summarises the information presented by the Energy+ project team

members on the results of the market and feasibility study in each country. The co-

ordinator had proposed a structure for project internal country reports presenting this

information (cf. Appendix 1). For drawing the necessary conclusions, it is sufficient to

present the summary information in this report.

Chapter 2 of this report presents the information that was needed to choose the subject

of the technology procurement (chapter 2.1 and 2.2) as well as to test our hypothesis

of what should be the elements of the technology procurement on energy-efficient

circulators (chapter 2.3). It is the actual report on the market and feasibility study

(deliverable D2 of the project).

The revised procurement methodology (deliverable D3 of the project) based on this

information is then presented in chapter 3. Chapter 3.1 concludes on the elements of

the technology procurement. Chapter 3.2 presents the product criteria (actually

deliverable D1 of the project but also part of the revised procurement methodology),

while chapter 3.3 deals with the information to be presented on the product lists.


9

2 Results of the European-wide market study on circulators

and heating systems

The project partners carried out interviews with different stakeholders. On the supply

side, all major European pump, boiler, district heating substation and heat pump

manufacturers were interviewed. As the project design puts emphasis on the demand

side, housing companies and other institutional buyers were approached. And to get a

complete picture of the market, wholesale companies, installers, end-users and their

associations were involved as well. For this purpose, questionnaires for manufacturers,

buyers, and installers were developed as interview guides (cf. Appendices No. 2, 3,

and 4). In total, more than 140 interviews were made.

2.1 Structure of the market for heating systems

The heating market structure revealed itself as very diverse over Europe. The typical

water-based heating systems that are used in the different countries are summarised in

the following table.

Table 1. Typical water-based heating systems with important market shares in the examined EU Member States

Typical water-based heating system Annual hours of

use

Countries where the

heating system is

applied

Condensing or low-temperature gas boilers, wall-

mounted, with modulating burner, for use in systems with thermostats, small circulator integrated

2,500 to 5,000

Austria, Germany, France, Italy

Conventional gas boilers, wall-mounted, with on-off

control, for use in systems with room thermostats, small circulator integrated

1,900 to 2,500

Austria, Belgium, Spain, France, Greece, Italy

Floor-standing oil or gas boilers (1- or 2-family houses), with control by outdoor temperature, small circulator integrated in the system by the installation contractor (stand-alone circulator)

5,000 to 8,760 Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Italy

Floor-standing oil or gas boilers (1- or 2-family houses), with on-off control, small circulator stand-

alone

2,500

Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Spain, France,, Greece

District heating substations (standardised, 1- or 2-family houses), with small circulator integrated

8,760 Austria, Finland

District heating substations or collective heating system, medium-sized circulator stand-alone

4,500 to 8,760 Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, Finland, France, Italy

Heat pumps (standardised, 1- or 2-family houses), collector and heat distributor pump integrated

3,000 (collector), 8,760 (distribution)

Austria, Spain, Finland, France, Greece


10

Particularly the annual hours of use differ between the different types of heating

systems. These are determining both the current annual circulator electricity

consumption and the potential energy savings from energy+ pumps, as well as their

cost-effectiveness compared to standard efficiency circulators. The latter is important

for the attractiveness and potential market success of energy+ pumps.

The analysis suggests that systems with control of the boiler by the outdoor

temperature, boilers with a modulating burner, and district heating systems have the

highest annual operation hours. I.e., the strategies to save heating fuel through outdoor

temperature control and modulating burners have increased circulator electricity use.

This makes the use of Energy+ circulators both more urgent for saving electricity and

more cost-effective.

2.2 Circulator stock and sales, and circulator energy consumption and

energy saving potentials

The following tables summarise the annual average circulator energy consumption for

the different heating systems, the stock and sales of circulators and the potential

energy savings in heating system circulators.

Table 2. Typical water-based heating systems: annual average circulator energy consumption (kWh/year)

Type of system AT

BE

CZ

DE

ES

FI

FR

GR

IT

gas, wall-mounted, modulating

300 325 290 50

gas, wall-mounted, on-off

250 163 210 220 300 – 450

135 125

oil, or gas, floor-standing, continuous circulator operation

450 570 490 540 450 440 50 – 100

368 500

oil, or gas, floor-standing, on-off

250 163 200 220 300 – 450

240

District heating substations, standardised

1000 300 – 1,200

440

District heating substations/collective heating, individual

300 1,800 600 – 1,540

880 -1,300

75 – 125**

17,000

Heat pumps 300 650 1,790* 100 300

* includes both collector circuit and heat distribution circulator ** average consumption per household

In general, systems with continuous circulator operation and/or with modulating

burners have higher operating hours and, hence, a higher annual circulator energy

consumption than boilers with on-off control. District heating substations are usually


11

serving multi-family buildings and are equipped with bigger circulators, hence the

higher annual energy consumption. We were not able to clarify the reasons for the

widely differing values for the heat pumps. Since these were not in the focus of the

project, no further effort was considered worthwile for such an analysis.

Table 3. Typical water-based heating systems: stock of circulators (millions)

Type of system AT

BE

CZ

DE

ES

FI

FR

GR

IT

Total*

gas, wall-mounted, modulating

0.2 4.6 0.17 0.12 -0.24

5.1 – 5.2

gas, wall-mounted, on-off

0.45 1.0 n.a. 7.3 6.3 0.6 8.4 24.05


0.8 0.34 1.4 8.6 3.1 3.3 0.6 2.6 20.74

oil, or gas, floor-standing, on-off

0.5 3.07 2.1 3.1 3.3 2.5 14.57


0.33 n.a. 0.33


0.25 0.05 n.a. n.a. 0.1 0.05 0.45

Heat pumps 0.45 n.a. 1.5 0.19 0.3 2.44

Total circulator stock*

2.98 4.46 3.5 13.2 15.1 n.a. 13.26 4.0 11.2 67.8

* not complete, since data on some types of systems are missing in some countries

Table 4. Sales of circulators (1,000s/year)

Type of system AT

BE

CZ

DE

ES

FI

FR

GR

IT

Total*

Small, stand-alone or replacement

110 130 95 650 110 40 380 235 312 2,062

Small, integrated in wall-mounted boiler

46 + 20?

120 70 350 480 610 42.5 800 2,539

Small, integrated in DH substations

2.6 1 3.6

Small, integrated in heat pump

4 150 2 3.5 160

Medium-sized 4 + 38 non-res.

3? 40 4.5 13.3 103

* not complete, since data on some types of systems are missing in some countries; DH = district heating


12

There are notable differences between the countries represented in the Energy+

Pumps project as regards the stock and sales of circulators for the different types of

heating systems. The easiest target for the project are circulators sold for integration

into a heating system by the installation contractor (called “stand-alone” in the table) or

replacement. These represent about half of the annual circulator sales and hence a

significant market to start with. However, the bigger market now in the ten countries is

the the one for circulators that are integrated in the boiler (or other heat generators

such as district heating substations or heat pumps). Furthermore, a part of the

replacement circulators go to integrated heating units; the possibilities to use Energy+

circulators there are predetermined by the configuration of the heating appliance such

as space, shape of circulator casing, controls, and minimum water flow requirements.

The analysis therefore confirms that it is very important to work with manufacturers of

heating units, particularly boilers, but also district heating substations and heat pumps.

However, looking at the potential energy savings (table 5), the stand-alone circulators

gain in importance. This is due to their higher annual hours of operation in most

countries.

Table 5. Potential electricity savings from heating system circulators (TWh/year)

Type of system AT

BE

CZ

DE

ES

FI

FR

GR

IT

Total*

Small, stand-alone 0.39 0.35 0.45 3.3 0.4 0.35 1.4 0.12 0.7 7.46

Small, integrated in wall-mounted boiler

0.1 0.15 0.15 1.0 >0.9 1.6 0.7 4.60

Medium-sized (residential only)

0.31 0.06 0.25 0.2 0.05 0.11 0.4 1.38

Total* 0.8 0.56 0.85 4.3 1.5 0.4 3.0 0.23 1.8 13.44

* not complete, since data on some types of systems are missing in some countries

In conclusion, the market and feasibility study confirmed the hypotheses drawn up in

the Work programme for the Energy+ Pumps project, and brought some useful

additional findings and consideratons:

• The project should focus on the small heating system circulators. There are also

other circulator uses (e.g., sanitary hot water circulation, hot water boiler charging

pumps, solar water heater circulators for the collector cycle), for which the new EC

motor pumps can make a difference; but either they are not equally relevant in all

ten countries, or the operation is continuous, and hence the savings are smaller

than in heating systems.

• Medium-sized heating system circulators should be carried forward, too. Their

total electricity savings potential is smaller than that for the small circulators, but it is


13

not much extra effort to promote the medium-sized circulators, and it may be easier

to find large buyers for them than for the small ones.

• It is important to promote both circulators as such (stand-alone) and heating

units that come with the highly energy-efficient circulator integrated or packaged.

The heating units should not only have a low circulator electricity consumption but

also a high overall thermal and electrical energy efficiency. All partners therefore

agreed that for gas and oil boilers, condensing boilers should be the requirement

for being an Energy+ product, although they do not have high market shares in

Southern European countries yet.

• In addition to the proposal made in the Work programme for the Energy+ Pumps

project, it was also decided to include integrated district heating substations.

Smaller substations are now often sold with integrated circulators for the heat

distribution inside the house that is supplied by the substation. Substation thermal

efficiency can generally be regarded as high.

• Furthermore, if a minimum thermal efficiency can be defined, heat pumps will be

included at a later stage.

2.3 Target groups for policy, incentives and instruments

2.3.1 Market chain and product flow for circulators

Figure 2 is summarising the results of the market study on the market chain, along

which the circulators take their way to the final buyer.


14

Figure 2. Market chain for circulation pumps

Circulators take their way from the circulator manufacturer to wholesale either directly

or through the heating unit manufacturer. After wholesale, there are two routes both for

circulators and for integrated heating units:

• For larger building projects, the requirements for circulators and heating units to be

installed in new systems are usually specified by a planner, and the installation

contractor then proposes the brand and model.

• For smaller building projects and replacements, the installation contractor usually

proposes the requirements as well as the brand and model.

These routes for the product flow have been found dominating in ten countries. In

some countries, sale through DIY stores or internet directly to final buyers has a limited

market share, too, while in others it is hardly existing at all. But this does not change

the dominant structures shown in figure 2.

2.3.2 Market actors who select the circulator

From the analysis of the market chain and structures, the picture also became clearer

on who takes the decision on the selection of the requirements for, and type of

circulator. Table 6 presents the results by type of heating system.


15

Table 6. Typical water-based heating systems: usually, who takes the decision on the circulator?

Type of system First installation

Circulator replacement

gas, wall-mounted, modulating Boiler manufacturer + planner (MFH) or contractor (SFH)

Installation contractor

gas, wall-mounted, on-off Boiler manufacturer + planner (MFH) or contractor (SFH)



Planner (for development company) or contractor (SFH)


oil, or gas, floor-standing, on-off Planner (for development company) or contractor (SFH)



Manufacturer + planner Installation contractor


Planner (specifications), contractor (choice of brand)


Heat pumps Manufacturer + planner or contractor (SFH)


SFH = single family house, MFH = multi-family house

2.3.3 Conclusions on target groups, incentives and instruments

Looking at the results of the market study, our assumptions on the market structure

(Fig. 2), the functioning of the market (cf., e.g., table 6, showing the decision-makers in

circulator or boiler purchases), and the market barriers for the important actors were

generally confirmed. The project design and the elements of the co-operative

procurement process proposed for the project were, therefore, confirmed with only

minor adjustments as well. But the interviews also provided ideas about further

complementary actions that could be implemented, e.g., by organisations joining the

project as supporters.

Within the Energy+ pumps project design, the procurement aspect is crucial.

Therefore, the end-users, private end-users like homeowners and tenants, as well as

institutional buyers like rented housing companies, building developers, and district

heating companies, are a very important target group in achieving the objective that

high efficiency pumps will become the standard in future.

The market study revealed a lack of information on the end-users’ side. Often end-

users even did not know the new energy-efficient pumps. To overcome this,

information about these pumps and the benefits for end-users needs to be spread.

Financial incentives for purchase, given for a couple of years, would be important as


16

well to create a demand. Although there usually exists a net financial benefit over the

lifetime of the efficient circulator, the initial costs are high and may prevent end-users

from buying it. For institutional buyers, the recognition as a good landlord or landlady,

who cares for his/her tenants, might be an additional incentive.

Instruments to address end-users include information campaigns and advice. The

Energy+ lists of high efficiency pumps and heat generators will certainly be useful for

that purpose. The Europump voluntary circulator label and the building certificates are

also considered important instruments, as the latter give strong arguments to

contractors to convince the end-users. For institutional buyers, guidelines and training

for planners, but also voluntary agreements and co-operative procurement actions are

very important.

One of the most important links within the product flow are the installation contractors

and planners. They need demand from informed customers. Information about the

benefits and costs of Energy+ circulators will help them to convince their customers. A

related issue is that there should be no additional time effort linked with selecting,

selling and installing the new efficient technology and that they can trust in its quality.

For this to achieve, the circulator label, the building certificate and the Energy+ lists are

very helpful. But even more, the installation contractors need professional training and

easy-to-use planning and selling tools. Publicity on pilot projects to prove the quality

and energy cost savings of the new technology can add to these instruments. A further

incentive for installation contractors to sell the high efficiency circulators may also be a

quantity discount from manufacturers.

The wholesale companies are considered to be more or less neutral towards the new

technology. But they can very easily distribute information materials from

manufacturers and independent information. Moreover, they could receive a quantity

discount from manufacturers as an incentive to stock Energy+ circulators and heating

units, and to market them to installation contractors.

The pump and boiler manufacturers must see that there is a demand from the end-

users for the high efficient pump. Besides private end-users and institutional buyers,

boiler manufacturers can act as kind of institutional buyers for pump manufacturers.

They could conclude a voluntary agreement to integrate the high efficiency circulators

into their boilers. Manufacturers also can achieve a high recognition as provider of

high-quality, high efficiency products. The circulator label, the Energy+ lists and the

Energy+ award will reinforce this effect. Particularly the Energy+ awards for the most

energy-efficient circulators and the heating units with the lowest circulator energy

consumption will provide such recognition.

And last but not least, energy companies with obligations to save energy can support

high efficiency circulators, if they get the allowance to include these pumps in

measures to fulfil the obligation.


17

3 Revised technology procurement methodology

Based on the results of the market and feasibility study, only minor changes to the

technology procurement methodology proposed in the Work programme for Energy+

Pumps were considered necessary. This chapter first presents the elements of the

methodology with the proposed slight revisions. It then continues with the product

criteria that were developed in parallel with the feasibility study and are part of the

revised methodology.

3.1 Elements of the methodology

3.1.1 Categories of products to target by Energy+ Pumps

The categories chosen are presented in table 7.

Table 7. Categories of products to target by Energy+ Pumps

Overall target products Subtargets from Energy+ Pumps Work programme

Revision or confirmation in revised methodology

Circulators 1. Small circulators

2. Medium-sized circulators

1. confirmed

2. confirmed but with size limit of 300 W input power

Heating units 1. gas and oil condensing or low-energy boilers

1. confirmed but restricted to condensing boilers

2. added: district heating substations with circulators integrated

3. added: heat pumps if minimum thermal efficiency requirement can be defined

The proposals from the Work programme for Energy+ Pumps were generally kept.

They were given more precision on the definition of the targeted products in two cases:

For medium-sized circulators, an upper size limit was introduced because of the

limitations of the measurement standard for circulator input and output power. Gas and

oil boilers were limited to condensing boilers in order to promote only highly energy-

efficient overall solutions with this project.

Furthermore, two further types of heat generators were added because of their high

importance for some countries.


18

3.1.2 Target groups and instruments of Energy+ Pumps

Table 8 provides a comparison of the proposals from the Work programme and the

revised methodology on the instruments to be created and used by the Energy+

Pumps project.

Table 8. Instruments and target groups of Energy+ Pumps

Instrument, target groups Proposals from Energy+ Pumps Work programme

Revision or confirmation in revised methodology

Aggregation of buyers – buyers and manufacturers

Potential buyers will be approached and invited to sign a procurement declaration. This will either concern an indicative number of pumps, e.g., for replacement, or of boilers that have the new pumps integrated.

Confirmed, but without indicative number of purchases to be stated in advance; instead, commitment to report on number of purchases to Energy project

Energy+ lists – all market actors 1. list of qualifying circulators

2. list of qualifying boilers

3. list of potential buyers

4. list of supporters

5. all lists to be published every six months

1. confirmed (cf. chapter 3.2.3)

2. confirmed (cf. chapter 3.2.3)

3. confirmed

4. confirmed

5. lists to be updated continuously because of very dynamic market, but specially presented to the public every six months

Sales and training materials for installation contractors

1. Module for training course, including materials

2. Sizing spreadsheet software for installation contractors

3. Working with with professional training agencies, institutes and organisations, associations of installation contractors, and pump and boiler manufacturers to organise the training seminars

1. confirmed, since importance of installation contractors for market success was confirmed, but more emphasis on using existing courses and materials; prepapre module to be part of existing trainings

2. confirmed, since existing software often linked to one manufacturer

3. confirmed

Energy+ award competition – manufacturers and supporters

1. award to most energy-efficient circulator

2. award to condensing boiler with lowest annual circulator electricity consumption

3. award for supporters, for the most successful public awareness campaign for the project and the Energy+ pumps

4. jury with external experts to select winners

5. presentation at a major international fair – award ceremony

1. confirmed but with more complex criteria

2. confirmed but with more complex criteria that also relate to thermal efficiency of the boiler

3. confirmed

4. confirmed

5. confirmed; if resources are sufficient, add product presentation in a booth at the fair

Independent product testing – Four of the products on the lists, Necessity confirmed, but will


19

potential buyers including award winners, will be tested by an independent test centre, important to build trust in the accuracy of the energy consumption data

probably only be feasible for the circulators given the resources available

Dissemination of information – all market actors

1. website, with an online database of products, as well as lists and contact data of interested buyers and supporters; will be translated to the languages of the participating countries

2. newsletters: regular short (4-page) newsletters to the project participants (manufacturers, buyers, supporters) as well as other important multipliers (media including specialised press, governments, energy companies, etc.) ; the newsletters will also be translated by the partners as appropriate and mailed both to central contacts (by the Co-ordinator) and national contacts (by the partners); the newsletters will follow the events of launching the lists every six months and be accompanied by the Energy+ lists as an appendix

3. brochures in early 2007 and in connection with the presentation of award winners, materials such as stationary, poster, stickers, …

4. media: launching articles and reports in newspapers, specialised papers for, e.g., installation contractors, the real estate industry, TV, radio, e-mail newsletters etc. to inform the target groups ; these will also follow the events of launching the lists every six months

5. fairs: presentation of the project and the Energy+ circulators at a major international fair addressing pump and boiler manufacturers as well as installation contractors, e.g. ISH (Heating and sanitary installation fair at Frankfurt) 2007

1. website: confirmed; new address chosen to distinguish it from the former Energy+ project on cold appliances

2. newsletters: confirmed

3. brochures etc.: confirmed

4. media: confirmed

5. fairs: presentation at ISH 2007 confirmed; if resources are sufficient, add product presentation at the fair, in which the awards will be presented in 2008

All in all, the proposed elements for the technology procurement process for Energy+

circulators were confirmed. However, minor revisions were proposed and started to


20

implement to adapt the process even better to the dynamics of the market and the

needs of market participants.

3.2 Energy+ Pumps product criteria

During the market study, criteria for qualifying circulators and boilers have been

developed. They are presented in the two following subchapters. Furthermore, a

proposal on which information to present on the Energy+ product lists has been

developed.

3.2.1 Product criteria for circulators

The focus of the project is on small heating circuit pumps as used in apartments, single

family houses and small flats (cf. chapter 3.1.1). However, medium-sized circulators for

use in multi-family houses and smaller non-residential buildings are also included.

Other areas of application for small pumps, such as hot water circulation pumps, solar

collector circuit, or heat pump source circuit pumps will at least in the beginning not be

presented in the Energy+ product lists. They may, however, be treated in training and

information materials.

To define the energy efficiency of stand-alone circulators, the project applies the load

profile and classification of the Europump Labelling Scheme [4].

• The minimum energy efficiency required is equivalent to Europump Label Class A

for heating circuit pumps.

• The upper size limit is given by: P1 (max.) = 300 W (P11 = electric power

consumption).

3.2.2 Product criteria for heating units

To establish an overall energy efficiency rating of heating units, including both thermal

and electrical energy efficiency, seems to be a very complicated task, not to be

accomplished in the framework of the Energy+ Pumps project.

Therefore it was decided to include units (gas boilers, oil boilers, premanufactured

district heating substations) with a high thermal energy efficiency and to treat the

1 P1 (max.) as declared in data sheets is hardly different from P1 in the operation point of maximum

hydraulic power and can therefore be taken as the significant value for setting the size limit.


21

circulator efficiency of these heating units by the declaration properties of the built-in or

attached pumps. I.e., the overall electricity use and energy efficiency cannot be

included in the product criteria due to lack of an agreed measurement standard.

The minimum energy efficiency required for the Energy+ lists, therefore, concerns

requirements for the thermal energy efficiency as well as the circulator energy

efficiency.

• Gas and oil boilers have to be condensing boilers.

• Heat pumps and district heating substations are not yet included in the first lists for

Spring 2007. District heating substations can be included from autumn 2007; heat

pumps will follow, when a minimum thermal efficiency can be defined.

• Regarding the circulator energy efficiency, the manufacturer of the heating unit has

to declare that the unit has a circulator built in or packaged that would qualify for

Europump Label Class A if run and controlled like a stand-alone circulator.

• To avoid a forced circulation inside the unit, the maximum allowed internal hydraulic

resistance of a unit at nominal flow rate must be limited to 50 mbar.

3.2.3 Presentation of products on the Energy+ Pumps lists

To provide an easy overview for the users of the lists (installers, planners, some end-

users), subcategories of circulators are made to split the lists by pump size. The size

measure for splitting should be the flow rate, as the flow rate is the first dimensioning

measure to set for a pump, and it is well-known to users. The head results from the

circuit properties and pump settings. At starting to view a list, the fundamental

dimensioning procedures will be explained.

Flow rate categories will be defined as follows; the values given meaning the flow rate

at the operating point of max. hyd. power.

Table 7. Categories of circulators on the Energy+ Pumps lists

Range from – to (m3/h) associated heating system type*

0 1.85

1.86 2.35

2.36 more

flat, apartment, single family house

large single family house, up to 6 flats/ apartments

more than 6 flats/ apartments or equivalent commercial building

* very well insulated buildings need a 50% lower flow rate

The heating units lists are also split into subcategories for different applications, such

as flats, single family houses, and multi-family houses.


22

The following characteristics of each circulator model are presented on the lists:

• Brand

• Model

• Maximum power input (W)

• Flow rate (m3/h)

• Energy efficiency index according to Europump labelling scheme

• Availability (countries of availability)


23

4 References

[1] Bidstrup N. Promotion of Energy Efficiency in Circulation Pumps, especially in domestic Heating Systems. EU SAVE II Project, 2001, can be downloaded at: www.eci.ox.ac.uk/lowercf/eusave_circulation.html

[2] Nipkow J. Klein-Umwälzpumpe mit hohem Wirkungsgrad. Bundesamt für Energiewirtschaft, 1994

[3] Wolff D., Jagnow K. OPTIMUS –Optimal Energie nutzen, Technische Optimierung und Energieeinsparung. Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt 2005

[4] Europump Industry commitment to improve the energy performance of Stand-Alone Circulators, 2005

[5] STEM energy+ Aggregated purchase of energy efficient refrigerator-freezers at European level. EU SAVE project 2001

[6] SenterNovem 2E+ Procurement on very efficient white goods. EU SAVE project 2005


24

5 Appendixes

The following appendixes are accompanying this report:

1 Structure of internal country reports

2 Questionnaire for circulator (pump) manufacturers

3 Questionnaire for boiler manufacturers

4 Questionnaire for wholesailers and retailers

5 Questionnaire for potential buyers

6 Questionnaire for installation contractors

7 Draft product specifications for the products on the Energy+ lists

Country report __________

EU-SAVE-Project Energy+ pumps 1

Energy+ pumps

Structure for market analysis

(Working paper for country report)

………………………..

(name of the country)

AUTHOR: ________________________

Email: _____________________________


2

1 National demand side market for stand alone pumps

1.1 Technical aspects and market data

1.1.1 Description of the typical applications for Energy+ pumps at national level - – characterization of product categories relevant

for Energy+

1.1.2 Characteristics of relevant pump models/technologies currently typically used in new installations (size, performance, price)

To be distinguished by categories:

• Conventional pumps (not electronically controlled),

• Conventional pumps (with electronical control),

• High efficiency pumps (as a working definition only without prejudice

for our final definition: defined as equivalent to Europump A label)

and distinguished by the 2 subsegments:

• Small circulators with input power < 120 Watts;

• Medium-sized circulators, pump, motor, and electronic controls (if the

latter are part of the package) in one unit with input power between

120 and 1,000 Watts.

IMPORTANT: Please also distinguish the answers in the rest of chapter 1 by

efficiency category and subsegment if relevant.

1.1.3 Estimated stocks of installed appliances and typical replacement times

1.2 Product flow

1.2.1 Typical buying process and responsibilities for the buying decision

Including product flow chart from manufacturer to final consumer

1.2.2 Buying criteria - relative relevance of performance, quality, prices, life cycle costs etc.

1.3 Energy saving potentials

1.3.1 Awareness, acceptance and demand for energy efficient products



1.3.2 Calculation of the energy saving potential

1.4 Current demand side barriers for energy efficiency pumps from

the demand side perspective and how they can be overcome

1.5 Demand side stake-holders to be involved in the Energy+

procurement activities and their willingness to support the

initiative

1.6 Strategy to involve and motivate these target groups for Energy+

2 National demand side market for boilers/DHCP

applications

2.1 Technical aspects and market data

2.1.1 Description of the typical applications for Energy+ products at national level – characterisation of product categories relevant for Energy+

2.1.2 Characteristics of products/technologies currently typically used (size, performance, price)

Including which pumps are used, distinguished by categories:



• High efficiency pumps (equivalent to Europump A label);

And distinguished by the 2 subsegments:



latter are part of the package) in one unit with input power between 120

and 1,000 Watts.

And which control strategies are used for the burner (in case of boilers) and

the pump

IMPORTANT: Please also distinguish the answers in the rest of chapter 3 by efficiency category and subsegment if relevant.


4

2.1.3 Estimated stocks of installed appliances and typical replacement

times

2.2 Product flow

2.2.1 Typical buying process and responsibilities for the buying decision

Including product flow chart from manufacturer to final consumer

2.2.2 Buying criteria - relative relevance of performance, quality, prices

and life cycle costs etc.

2.3 Energy saving potentials

2.3.1 Awareness, acceptance and demand for energy efficient products

2.3.2 Calculation of the energy saving potential

2.4 Current demand side barriers for energy efficiency pumps from

the demand side perspective and how they can be overcome

2.5 Demand side stake-holders to be involved in the Energy+

procurement activities and their willingness to support the

initiative



2.6 Strategy to involve and motivate these target groups for Energy+

3 National supplier market for stand alone pumps

3.1 National pump manufacturers

3.1.1 Technical aspects and market data

3.1.1.1 National companies and annual production in the Energy+ market

segment

Energy+ market segment: = circulation pumps for heating systems; two subsegments:




120 and 1,000 Watts.

Furthermore, distinguished by categories:



• High efficiency pumps (equivalent to Europump A label)



3.1.1.2 Characterization and comparison of products/technologies currently

offered in the Energy+ market segment (both high efficiency and

conventional products, size, performance, price etc.)

3.1.1.3 Expected market development for high efficiency products/technology in

the next three years

3.1.1.4 Experiences from companies already offering energy efficient

technologies – options to push the market towards energy efficient

products

3.1.2 Current barriers for the market penetration of high efficiency pumps from the manufacturers perspective and how they can be overcome

3.1.3 Important companies for the Energy+ project and their willingness to support the initiative


6

3.1.4 Strategy to involve the national manufacturers in Energy+

3.2 National distributors of stand alone pumps – wholesalers,

installers and retailers

N.B. it is highly likely that the distributors for stand-alone pumps and those for

boilers or other heat generators will be the same. You will probably only make one

interview with one company on both topics. However, for reasons of analytical

clarity, we ask you to present the results in two separate subchapters. You can

either here or in chapter 4.2 state to which extent the distributors and the results

may be identical for both stand-alone pumps, and for boilers or other heat

generators.




3.2.1.1 Role and relevance of the different players in the distribution chain –

characterization of the major distribution channels (wholesalers,

installers etc.)

3.2.1.2 Product models currently preferably sold/used in the Energy+ market

segment and their specific characteristics

3.2.1.3 Estimated potential for high efficiency pumps in the next years

3.2.1.4 Awareness and acceptance of high efficiency technologies

3.2.1.5 Current market barriers for high efficiency pumps from the distributors’

perspective and how they can be overcome

3.2.2 Important companies/potential partners for the Energy+ project and their willingness to support the initiative

3.2.3 Strategy to involve the national distributors in Energy+

4 National supplier market for boilers, DHCP stations

4.1 National manufacturers and suppliers of boilers, DHCP stations


4.1.1.1 National companies and annual production in the Energy+ market

segment

The Energy+ market segment are boilers and other heat generators that come as a package/unit with a circulator from the Energy+ market segment

integrated.

Please distinguish, if possible, the results by the circulators that are used in

the heat generators:

Energy+ market segment: = circulation pumps for heating systems; two

subsegments:




120 and 1,000 Watts. (presumable, this subcategory is of quite low

importance for integrated heat generators.

Furthermore, distinguished by categories:


8



• High efficiency pumps (equivalent to Europump A label)



4.1.1.2 Characterisation and comparison of products/technologies currently

offered in the Energy+ market segment (both high efficiency and

conventional products, size, performance, price etc.)

4.1.1.3 Expected market development for high efficiency products/technology in

the next three years

4.1.1.4 Experiences from companies already offering energy efficient

technologies – options to push the market towards high efficient

products

4.1.1.5 Current barriers for the market penetration of high efficiency pumps

from the perspective of manufacturers and how they can be overcome

4.1.2 Companies to be addressed and involved in the Energy+ project

and their willingness to support the initiative

4.1.3 Strategy to involve the national manufacturers in Energy+



4.2 National distributors – wholesalers, installers and retailers


4.2.1.1 Role of the different players in the supply chain – characterization of the

major distribution channels (wholesalers, installers etc.)

4.2.1.2 Product models currently preferably sold in the Energy+ market segment

and their specific characteristics

4.2.1.3 Estimated potential for high efficiency pumps in the next years

4.2.1.4 Awareness and acceptance of high efficiency technologies

4.2.1.5 Current market barriers for high efficiency pumps from the perspective

of distributors and how they can be overcome

4.2.2 Important companies/potential partners for the Energy+ project and their willingness to support the initiative

4.2.3 Strategy to involve the national distributors in Energy+

5 Standards and legislation

5.1 Relevant national standards

5.2 Relevant national regulations and directives

6 System of subsidies and other supportive instruments

6.1 Subsidies potentially to be used for high efficiency pumps

6.2 Other national instruments potentially supporting high efficiency

pumps (e.g. campaigns, labels etc.)

7 Summary - proposed approach for national market

7.1 Main target groups to be addressed

7.2 Main barriers to be overcome for market transformation at national

level

7.3 Acceptance and support of Energy+ approach by relevant target

groups


10

7.4 Primary approach and instruments to get the target groups

involved

8 List of interviews

9 References

1

energy+Pumps

Questionnaire for pump manufacturers

March2006


2

Introduction

We have recently started an EU project called “Energy+-pumps” to promote energy efficient

technologies for circulator pumps.

The main objective is to support the development and market distribution of a new generation of high efficiency pumps which is for example already offered by a few

manufacturers (e.g.Grundfos Magna, Wilo Stratos, Biral MC-10). So far only a few products

are available on the market.

The new technology offers both new market potentials for suppliers as well as significant

energy savings for customers. A change to the new technology could save up to 1 % of all

electricity in the EU (e.g., residential customerscould save up to 50 Euros per year of electricity).

Our project intends to support all market actors who are interested in using the business

chances of this new technology.

In this context, we would like to ask you a few questions.

A) General information about market, standards, legal instruments and incentives (this information may be also

retrieved from other sources and not necessarily collected in the interviews)

• What are the most important brands in the relevant product/technology categories

(small to medium size pumps) in terms of stocks/sales for the national market?

• What are the most relevant fields of application (markets/customers) for the

considered products/technologies?

• What are the main distributors for pumps of the relevant categories? What is

the percentage of sales to boiler manufacturers, wholesalers, others?

• What is the expected market development in the relevant product/technology categories (small to medium size pumps) in the next years.

• What technical standards for pumps do exist/are currently relevant ? Which one you

are actually using?

• Which regulations, directives (other legal instruments) are relevant for the considered

types of pumps?

• Are there any local/national incentives supporting energy efficient pump

technologies?

3

B) General criteria for the selection of specific technologies/brands

• What are the important product criteria from the viewpoint of your customers (Wholesalers, boiler manufacturers, retailers, installers)?

• What is the relative importance of performance, quality and costs?

o How critical is the price criterion for your customers?

o How do you rate the buying criteria of the customers: Can higher

performance and quality or lower energy costs compensate for a higher

purchasing price?

o Are there other major criteria affecting the selection of products/technologies

(noise, service, guarantee, handling for installation etc.).

o Which product features could still be significantly improved in future

product generations?

o Are pumps available for the whole performance spectrum? Are there some

types missing which would be useful (market for the future)?

• What are the current prices for the relevant products/technologies (standard/new technology)? (both your sales price and the price paid by the

final customers, with/without VAT)

o For typical one family houses (high efficiency, electronic control, not controlled)

o For multi family houses (up to 250 Watt)

o For tertiary or collective housing

• Is energy consumption a relevant criterion from your point of view, from the point of view of your customers (Wholesalers, boiler manufacturers, retailers,

installers)?

o If yes, what is the reason?

o If no, what is the reason?

• What kind of information material and tools to support an adequate selection of

pumps do you provide for your customers (information material, service support,

software tools, training, webpage, hotline, others)?

o Do your customers use this material? What is their response?

o Do you propose engineering consulting for your customers?


4

C) Interest for and knowledge of new energy efficient technologies

• Does your company produce/sell high efficiency pumps in the relevant product category?

o If yes, what product models are offered?

! What are special features, advantages of these products?

! What are the current selling numbers?

o If no, what are the reasons?

! Does your company plan to launch products of the relevant

technology?

• What are the current additional production costs and thus price differences for

highly energy efficient pumps?

• What are the maximum increases of sales prices that would be accepted by your

customers?

• Do you expect a cost/price reduction for highly energy efficient pumps during

the next three years? How is it depending on sales numbers?

• What sizes of pumps are recommended for the relevant applications? What are the reasons?

o For typical one family houses (high efficiency, electronic control, not

controlled)



o What is the power of the smallest pumps, you are selling?

• Should the application of efficient pump technologies generally be supported? Will your company support these technologies?

D) Barriers for new energy efficient technologies and options to stimulate the market

• Are there any specific barriers limiting the market distribution of energy efficient

pumps (e.g.price, lack of information, technical difficulties, split incentive…)

o in the area of boiler (heat pump, DH substation, …) manufacturers

o in the area of wholesale

o in the area retailers (if relevant)

o in the area of installation contractors

o in the area of final customers (housing companies, public authorities, developers

of office space, households etc.)

• In your opinion, what are the most frequent problems in installation and service of the equipment that may affect energy efficiency?

• How is the knowledge of customers (plumbers, installers, boiler manufacturers) rated?

Is there a need for improvement? Suggestions ,ideas………..

• What specific measures could be taken to support the use of energy efficient

pumps (rate with a score 1 to 5, least useful to most useful)?

o Directives, regulations

o Incentives

5

o Voluntary agreements

o Different kinds of promotion

o Labelling

o Information/training of intermediate customers like installers, boiler

manufacturers etc. (e.g.providing easy to use sales material and “certified”

savings calculations to inform the final customers)

o Information campaigns (e.g.targeting final customers)

o Stimulating demand from final users and or manufacturers of pumps

(boilers, heat pumps, DH substations) by actively approaching big buyers

o Publication of lists qualified products and interested buyers

o An award competition for the most energy efficient circulator(s), heat

generator(s) with low circulator electricity consumption, and the most active buyer

and supporter

o Others

• How do you rate the voluntary Europump label?

o Is it helpful/not helpful, and why?

o Is it correct/ not correct, and why?

• Is it a relevant marketing option for the company to use energy efficiency as a

major selling criterion

D) Participation in the Energy+-initiative

• Are you interested to become a partner in the Energy+-Initiative?

o If yes, why? Could you imagine to

• Develop high efficiency pumps?

• Specifically promote already developed high efficiency

products?

• Provide data of Energy+ complying pumps for information and promotion lists developed in the Energy+-project?

• Participate in an Energy+ competition where the most energy

efficient pumps are awarded?

o If no, why not?

! Are you interested in getting information about further activities, results of

the Energy+ initiative?

1

energy+Pumps

Questionnaire for boiler (heat pump, DH substations, ..) manufacturers

March 2006

2

Introduction



The main objective is to support the development and market distribution of a new

generation of high efficiency pumps which is for example already offered by a few

manufacturers (e.g.Grundfos Magna, Wilo Stratos, Biral MC-10). So far only a few products are available on the market.


energy savings for customers. A change to the new technology could save up to 1 % of all electricity in the EU (e.g., residential customerscould save up to 50 Euros per year of

electricity).

Our project intends to support all market actors who are interested in seizing the business

opportunities of this new technology.




• In your opinion, what are the most important brands in the relevant

product/technology categories (small to medium size pumps) in terms of stocks/sales

for the national market?

• Which brands/product types do you prefer? What are the reasons for this preference? What are the special features of the preferred brands/product

types?

• What are the most relevant fields of application (markets/customers) for the considered products/technologies (small to medium size pumps)?

• What are the most important suppliers of pumps for you?

• What is the percentage of new installations of pumps/boilers and the percentage of

replacements of the total business of the company?

• What is your expectation about the market development for boilers (heat

pumps, DH stations) potentially containing the relevant pump technology?

• Which international/national standards and regulations (legal instruments in general) are relevant for the considered products?

• Are there any local/national incentives that support energy efficient pump and

boiler technologies?


• Who is responsible for the selection of brands/types of pumps in your company?

3

• What are your main criteria for the selection of brands/technologies/product

models?

o What is the relative importance of performance, quality (e.g., reliability, durability) and costs?

o How critical is the price criterion in your opinion/in the opinion of your

customers?

o Can a higher performance and quality or lower energy costs compensate for a

higher purchasing price?

o Are there other major criteria affecting the selection of pump

models/technologies from your point of view/from the point of view of your customers (installation, noise, service, guarantee, etc.).

o Which product features could/should still be improved in future product

generations?

• Which sizes of pumps are preferably installed for the relevant applications?

What are the reasons?

o How is the most efficient size/performance of a pump selected for a specific application?

o Are pumps available for the whole performance spectrum in your opinion? Are

there some types missing which would be useful?

o In cases of doubt or generally, do you usually tend do choose a bigger size of the pumps?

If yes

! Why?

! By how much could you possibly reduce the size if you were sure it will

still work to the satisfaction of the customer?

• In your opinion is energy consumption a relevant selection criterion?



• Do pump suppliers provide good information and tools to support an adequate

selection of pumps (information material, service support, software tools etc.)?

• How is the general knowledge of pump technology in the sector rated? Should more

information be offered (How should it be offered)?


• Do you know about the new highly energy efficient pump technologies?

o If yes, how have you been informed?

o If no, why do you think you missed this information?

• Have you already used the new technologies?

! If yes, what are the reasons (advantages)?

! If no, what are the reasons?

4

• Do you plan to launch products containing the highly energy efficient pump

technologies?

• What is the difference of prices between standard and high energy efficiency pumps? What is the price difference of your product (boiler, heat pump, DH station) if

you use high energy efficiency pumps compared to standard pumps?

• Do your customers take into consideration the potential energy cost savings over the products life time?

• What are the estimated maximum additional costs for high energy efficiency

pumps that would be accepted by you/ by your customers?

• What would need to happen/change for you to be able to succesfully sell the highly efficient pumps?

• Shall the application of efficient pump technologies generally be supported? Would

you support a market stimulation for this technologies?


• In your opinion, are there any specific barriers limiting the market distribution of energy efficient pumps:

o in the area of pump manufacturers


o in the area of retailers (if relevant)


o in the area of boiler (heat pump etc.) manufacturers

o in the area of end customers (housing companies, public authorities, developers of office space, households etc.)

• In your opinion, what are the most frequent problems in installation and service of the

boilers (heat pumps etc.)? How are replacements normally treated within the guarantee period?

• How are the market strategies of manufacturers for energy efficient pumps rated

(promotion, information etc.)?

• How do you rate the knowledge of the customers (installers, end users)? Is there a need for improvement (suggestions)?


pumps(rate with a score 1 to 5, least useful to most useful)?


o Incentives



o Labelling


manufacturers etc. (e.g.providing installers with easy to use sales material and “certified” savings calculations to inform the final customers)

5

o Information campaigns (e.g. targeting final customers)

o Stimulating demand from final users and or manufacturers of heat

generating units (boilers, heat pumps, DH substations) by actively approaching big buyers


o An award competition for the most energy efficient circulator(s), heat generator(s) with low circulator electricity consumption, and the most

active buyers and supporters

o Others

o How do you rate the voluntary Europump label?



o Is it a relevant marketing option for your company to use energy efficiency as a major selling criterion?

E) Participation in the Energy+-initiative

• Is your company interested to become a partner in the Energy+ initiative?

o If yes, why?

Could you imagine to

! develop boilers (heat pumps, DH substations, …) with integrated

high energy efficiency pumps which are listed and promoted in the Energy+-project?

! specifically promote (support/sell) boilers (heat pumps, DH

substations....) containing high energy efficient pump technology?

! Participate in an Energy+ competition awarding boilers (heat

pumps, DH substations..) based on high energy efficient pumps?

o If no, why?

! Is your company interested in getting information about further

activities, results of the Energy+ initiative?

1

energy+Pumps

Questionnaire for wholesalers (and retailers)

March 2006

2

Introduction








electricity).

Our project intends to support all market actors who are interested in using the business

chances of this new technology.




• What are the most important brands in the relevant product/technology categories

(small to medium size pumps) in terms of stocks/sales for the national market?

• What are the most relevant fields of application (markets/customers) for the considered products/technologies?

• What technical standards or lables for pumps do exist/are currently relevant? Which

one you are actually using/considering?

• Which regulations, directives (other legal instruments) are relevant for the considered

types of pumps?

• Are there any local/national incentives supporting energy efficient pump

technologies?


• What are the important product criteria from your viewpoint and the viewpoint of your customers (boiler manufacturers, installers)?


o How critical is the price criterion for your customers?

o How do you rate the buying criteria of the customers: Can higher

performance and quality or lower energy costs compensate for a higher

purchasing price?

3

o Are there other major criteria affecting the selection of products/technologies

(noise, service, guarantee, handling for installation etc.).

o Which product features could still be significantly improved in future product generations?

o Are pumps available for the whole performance spectrum? Are there some

types missing which would be useful (market for the future)?

• What are the current sales prices for the relevant products/technologies?

(with/without VAT)


controlled)



• Is energy consumption a relevant criterion from your point of view, from the point of view of your customers (boiler manufacturers, retailers, installers)?



• What kind of information material and tools to support an adequate selection of

pumps do you provide for your customers (information material, service support,

software tools, website etc.)?

o How do your customers use these tools? What is the reponse? o Do you propose engineering consulting for your client?


• Does your company sell high efficiency pumps in the relevant product

category?

o If yes, what product models are offered?

! What are special features, advantages of these products?

! What are the current selling numbers?

o If no, what are the reasons?

! Does your company plan list products of the relevant technology?

• What are the current price differences for high energy efficiency pumps compared

to standard pumps?

• What are the maximum increases of sales prices for high energy efficiency pumps

that would be accepted by your customers?

• What sizes of pumps are recommended for the relevant applications? What are the reasons?


controlled)



4

o What is the power of the smallest pumps, you are selling?

• Should the application of efficient pump technologies generally be supported? Will your

company support these efficient technologies (listing and promoting the relevant products?


• Are there any specific barriers limiting the market distribution of energy efficient

pumps (e.g.price, lack of information, technical difficulties, split incentive…)

o In the area of pump manufacturers

o in the area of boiler (heat pump, DH substation, …) manufacturers


o in the area retailers (if relevant)


o in the area of final customers (housing companies, public authorities, developers

of office space, households etc.)

• In your opinion, what are the most frequent problems in installation and service of the equipment that may affect energy efficiency?

• How is the knowledge of customers (plumbers, installers, boiler manufacturers) rated?

Is there a need for improvement? Suggestions ,ideas………..


pumps rate with a score 1 to 5, least useful to most useful)?


o Incentives



o Labelling


manufacturers etc. (e.g.providing installers with easy to use sales material and

“certified” savings calculations to inform the final customers)


o Stimulating demand from final users and or manufacturers of heat generating

units (boilers, heat pumps, DH substations) by actively approaching big buyers



generator(s) with low circulator electricity consumption, and the most active buyer

and supporter Others

o Others

• How do you rate the voluntary Europump label?



5

• Is it a relevant marketing option for your company to use energy efficiency as a

major selling criterion

D) Participation in the Energy+-initiative

• Are you interested to become a partner in the Energy+-Initiative?

o If yes, why? Could you imagine to

• Specifically list and promote high energy efficiency pumps?

• Participate in an Energy+ competition where the best actions

to support and promote high energy efficient pumps are

awarded?

o If no, why not?



1

energy+Pumps

Questionnaire for end users (e.g., housing companies, public administrations, project

developers)

March2006

2

Introduction








electricity).




A) Criteria for the selection of specific technologies/brands

• Are you able to determine the percentage of the electricity consumption (and costs) of

pumps/boilers in comparison to the total electricity consumption in households / offices?

• Have you heard about the new generation of high efficiency circulators? …

about the benefits of hydraulic balance?

• Do you specify procurement criteria for circulation pumps? What criteria are specified? Who is specifying the criteria? If not: why?

• Do you already include energy efficiency in your procurement criteria?




o How critical is the price criterion?

o Can a higher performance and quality or lower energy costs compensate

for a higher purchasing price?

o Are there other major criteria influencing the selection of

products/technologies (noise, service, guarantee, handling for installation, brand, routine relationship with supplier , commissioning etc.).

• Do you know the difference of prices between standard pumps and energy efficient

pumps?

• What is the maximum difference in prices that would be accepted by your

company/public administration?

• Do you consider life cycle costs and (energy) cost savings in the product life

cycle? If no, why not?

3

• Should the application of efficient pump technologies generally be supported? Would

you support a market stimulation for efficient technologies?

B) Barriers for new energy efficient technologies and options to stimulate the market

• In your opinion are there any specific barriers limiting the market distribution for

energy efficient pumps:

o in the area of manufacturers

o in the area retailers

o in the area of installers

o What would you see as barriers for you to purchase such new high efficiency

circulators? Which are most important?

• In your opinion, what are the most frequent problems in installation and service of the

equipment that may affect energy efficiency?

• In your opinion, what specific measures could be taken to support the use of

energy efficient pumps (rate with a score 1 to 5, least useful to most useful)?


o Incentives



o Labelling

o Information/training of customers (installers, boiler manufacturers etc.)

o Information campaigns

o Information/training of intermediate customers like installers, boiler manufacturers etc. (e.g.providing installers with easy to use sales material and

“certified” savings calculations to inform the final customers)


o Stimulating demand from final users and or manufacturers of heat generating

units (boilers, heat pumps, DH substations) by actively approaching big buyers


o An award competition for the most energy efficient circulator(s), heat generator(s) with low circulator electricity consumption, and the most active buyer

and supporter

o Others

o How do you rate the voluntary Europump label? Is it helpful/not helpful, and why? Is it

correct/ not correct, and why?

4

C) Participation in the Energy+-initiative

• Are you interested to become a partner in the Energy+ Initiative?

o If yes, why?

! Could you imagine to

• Integrate energy efficiency of pumps in your procurement

criteria?

• Procure Energy+ pumps?

• Participate in an Energy+ award competition for proactive

buyers?

o If no, why?



1

energy+Pumps

Questionnaire for Installers

March 2006

2

2

Introduction








electricity).






• In your opinion, what are the most important brands in the relevant

product/technology categories (small to medium size pumps) in terms of stocks/sales

for the national market?

• Which brands/product types do you prefer? What are the reasons for this

preference? What are the special features of the preferred brands/product

types?

• What are the most relevant fields of application (markets/customers) for the

considered products/technologies (small to medium size pumps)

• What is the percentage of new installations of pumps/boilers and the

percentage of replacements of the total business of your company?

• Which international/national standards and regulations (legal instruments in general)

are relevant for the considered products?

• Are there any local/national incentives that support energy efficient pump and boiler technologies?


• Who is responsible for the selection of brands/product types in your company?

• What are the main criteria for the selection of brands/technologies/product

models?

3

o What is the relative importance of performance, quality (e.g., reliability,

durability) and costs?

o How critical is the price criterion?

o Can a higher performance and quality or lower energy costs compensate

for a higher purchasing price?

o Are there other major criteria affecting the selection of products/technologies (installation, noise, service, guarantee, etc.).

o Which product features could/should still be improved in future product

generations?

o What is the life time of circulation pumps?

• Which sizes of pumps do you preferably install for the relevant applications?

What are the reasons?

o How is the most efficient size/performance of a pump selected for a specific application (experience, advise from manufacturers etc.)?

o In your opinion, are pumps available for the whole performance spectrum?

Are there some types missing which would be useful?

o In cases of doubt or generally, do you usually tend do choose a bigger

size of the pumps?

If yes

! Why?

! By how much could you possibly reduce the size if you were sure it will

still work to the satisfaction of the customer?

• In your opinion is the energy consumption of the pump a relevant selection criterion?



• Do pump suppliers provide good information and tools to support an adequate selection of pumps (information material, service support, software tools etc.)?

o Pump manufacturers?

o Wholesalers?

o Manufacturers of boilers?

• How do you rate the general knowledge of pump technology in your sector rated?

Should more information be offered (How should it be offered)? C) Interest for and knowledge of new energy efficient technologies

• Do you know about the new energy efficient pump technologies?

o If yes, how have you been informed (manufacturers, magazines…)?


• Have you already used the new technologies? Are you actively marketing

them?

! If yes, what are the reasons?


• Do you know about the potentials of hydraulic balance?

4

4

o If yes, how have you been informed?


• Have you already used hydraulic balance? Are you actively marketing it?

! If yes, what are the reasons?


• What is the difference of prices between standard and high energy efficiency pumps? Do you/do your customers take into consideration the potential cost savings

over the life time of the pumps?

• What is the maximum price difference that would be accepted by you/ by your

customers?

• What would need to happen/change for you to be able to succesfully sell the

new pumps?

• Should the application of energy efficient pumps generally be supported? Would you support it?


• In your opinion, are there any specific barriers limiting the market distribution of

energy efficient pumps:

o in the area of pump manufacturers?

o In the area of boiler manufacturers?

o in the area of wholesalers?

o in the area of retailers (if relevant)?

o in the area of installation contractors?

o in the area of end customers (housing companies, public authorities,

developers of office space, households etc.)

• What are the most frequent problems in installation and service of the pumps? How are replacements normally treated within the guarantee period?

• How are the market strategies of manufacturers for energy efficient pumps rated

(quality of promotion, information etc.)?

• What specific measures could be taken to support the use of energy efficient pumps(rate with a score 1 to 5, least useful to most useful)?


o Incentives



o Labelling


manufacturers etc. (e.g.providing installers with easy to use sales material

and “certified” savings calculations to inform the final customers)


5

o Stimulating demand from final users and or manufacturers of heat

generating units (boilers, heat pumps, DH substations) by actively

approaching big buyers



generator(s) with low circulator electricity consumption, and the most active buyer and supporter

o Others

o How do you rate the voluntary Europump label? Is it helpful/not helpful, and

why? Is it correct/ not correct, and why?

E) Participation in the Energy+-initiative

• Is your company interested to become a partner in the Energy+ Initiative?

o If yes, why?

Could you imagine to

! actively support the use/application of energy efficient pumps

(boilers/heat pumps based on energy efficiency pumps)

! Promote energy efficient pumps?

! Participate in an Energy+ competition awarding the most

innovative promotion activities for energy efficient pumps?

o If no, why?

! Is the company interested in getting information about further activities,

results of the Energy+ initiative?

Energy+ Pumps Draft product specifications 1

Energy+ Pumps

Product Specifications for the Products on the Energy+ Lists

1. Pumps to be admitted to Energy+ product lists

Categories of application

The focus of the project is clearly on small heating circuit pumps as used in apartments,

single family houses and small flats. However, medium-sized circulators for use in multi-family houses and smaller non-residential buildings are also to be included.

Other areas of application for small pumps, such as hot water circulation pumps, solar

collector circuit, or heat pump source circuit pumps will at least in the beginning not be presented in the energy+ product lists. They may, however, be treated in training and

information materials.

Minimum energy efficiency required

Europump Label Class A for heating circuit pumps.

Load profile of the Europump Labelling Scheme.

Size of pumps, upper limit

The upper size limit is given by: P1 (max.) = 300 W (P1 = electric power consumption).

Remark: P1 (max.) as declared in data sheets is hardly different from P1 in the operation

point of max. hydraulic power and can therefore be taken as the significant value for setting the size limit.

2. Structure of the Energy+ product lists

To provide an easy overview for the users of the lists (installers, planners, some end-users),

subcategories are planned to split the lists by pump size. Size measure for splitting should be the flow rate, as the flow rate is the first dimensioning measure to set for a pump, and it is

well-known to users. The head results from the circuit properties and pump settings. At

starting to view a list, the fundamental dimensioning procedures will be explained (or a link given).

Flow rate categories will be defined as follows; the values given meaning the flow rate at the

operating point of max. hyd. power.

2

2

Range from - to (m3/h) associated heating system type *

0 1.85 flat, apartment, single family house

1.86 2.35 large single family house, up to 6 flats/ apartments

2.36 more more than 6 flats/ apartments or equivalent commercial

building

* very well insulated buildings need 50% less flow rate.

Information on lists

1. EEI efficiency property (stressed)

2. Flow rate m3/h, at operating point of max. hyd. power

3. Head m and kPa, at operating point of max. hyd. power

4. Type of speed control variable head / constant head / other

5. Electricity consumption for 8 months heating period (5000 hrs operation)

(to be calculated from input data for EEI calculation)

6. Savings compared to for 8 months heating period (5000 hrs operation)

a reference (old) pump (to be calculated from input data for EEI calculation)

7. Max. power input P1 (approx. as at operating point of max. hyd. power)

8. Mounting sizes thread sizes, lengths available

9. Availability countries where the pump is available

10. Characteristics link to pdf (to avoid designing all uniformly)

What pump-manufacturers should deliver to the Energy+ project

All relevant data and specifications required for the lists;

two pump diagrams: (1) head versus flow including control curve, (2) input power versus flow for the control curve; table with input power and flow data at 25 %, 50 % , 75 % and 100 % of

the flow at the point of maximum hydraulic power;

pdf file with additional information;

a picture of the pump.

Energy+ Pumps Draft product specifications 3

3. Pumps in heating units

Categories of application

To establish an overall efficiency rating of heating units seems to be a very complicated task,

not to be accomplished in the framework of the Energy+ Pumps project.

Therefore it is proposed to include units (gas boilers, oil boilers; potentially: heat pumps, premanufactured district heating substations) with a high thermal energy efficiency and to

treat the circulator energy efficiency of these heating units by the declared properties of the

built-in or attached pumps.

Minimum energy efficiency required

Thermal energy efficiency:

Gas and oil boilers: condensing boilers, minimum efficiency tbd according to “Blue Angel” label criteria (RAL UZ 41, 46, 61).

heat pumps: minimum efficiency tbd using EN 14511

district heating substations: tbd.

Circulator energy efficiency:

The unit has a circulator built in or packaged that would qualify for Europump Label Class A if

run and controlled like stand-alone circulator (to be declared by the unit manufacturer).

Maximum allowed internal hydraulic resistance of unit at nominal flow rate (interpolate linearly):

1,5 m at 1 m3/h

2,5 m at 3 m3/h

Wuppertal Institute - European...

Documents

Transcript of Wuppertal Institute - European...