World War I

Chapter 21, Lesson 2

EQ: How can technology impact war?

Vocabulary: Ch. 21, Lesson 2 (pg. 414)

Propaganda Trench warfare War of attrition Total war Planned economies

WW I : Propaganda

Both sides used propaganda which stirred hate against each other.

The Western Front

Germans, Austria-Hungarians vs. French, British and later Americans

Germany’s Schlieffen Plan—cross Belgium into France—was stopped near Paris.

Battle of the Marne (Sept. 1914) Stops German advancement into Paris.

The war turns into a stalemate—neither the Germans or French could dislodge each other from the trenches they had built.

http://www.h100.tv/timeline/world-war-1/1914/09/05

Trench Warfare

The Western Front adopted trench warfare. Both sides kept in trenches for four years. Both sides dug long trenches that faced

each other. The trenches ran for miles. From time to time, one side would attempt to

cross the “No-Man’s Land” the area in between the trenches.

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/life-in-a-trench

Eastern Front

Russians and Serbs vs. Germans and Austria-Hungarian.

War in the Eastern Front was marked by mobilitymobility.. Battle of Tannenberg (Aug. 1914)

Russians were defeated, as the Germans come to the aid of Austria-Hungary

2.5 million Russians were killed, captured, or wounded. Germans & Austrian-Hungarians were successful in

the East, thus they move the offensive in the West. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sbOdF-5dk_E

Activity #1

1. Read 1914 to 1915: Illusions and Stalemate (pg. 414-416)

2. Complete the Graphic Organizer to identify how alliances shifted in WWI. 3. Write and answer Questions

Eastern Front Western Front

1. Compare and Contrast the

Eastern and Western Fronts.

2. Why did trench warfare developed on the Western Front but not in the Eastern Front?

Trench Warfare Overview

New TechnologyMachine Guns

The Machine Gun

It was used by both sides, hundreds of rounds a minute could be shot by one person.

Technology:Chemical Weapons (Gas Warfare)

WWI was the first major war to use chemical weapons

Odorless Mustard Gas and Chlorine Gas were the two most popular chemicals: They caused suffocation, blindness, and death

Soldiers would protect themselves using Gas Masks

Technology:The U-boat (Submarine)

Germany’s secret weapon during the war

Sank dozens of British ships, thus controlled the oceans and stop British trade.

Technology:Airplanes

Both sides used aircraft for observation at first. Then a “defensive” airplane for bombarding

and air battles was invented. Airplanes were slow, clumsy, and unreliable. Eventually airplanes, especially defensive

airplanes were further developed.

Technology: Tanks

Like airplanes, tanks were perfected as WWI dragged on.

The first tanks were developed in Britain—eventually their were better equipped.

The first attack scared the Germans! Due to its rushed development however,

they were not very efficient.

Technology:Tanks

Technology:Tanks

Technology:Flame Throwers

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-LxzD6Luj4

Activity #2

Read WWI Technology Packet Complete the WWI Technology Graphic

Organizer. Read Technology Worksheet Complete the Questions

War of Attrition

WWI had turned into a war of attrition—as each side tried to wear down the other side with constant attacks and heavy losses.

Entry of the United States

US entered the war as a result of the naval war between Germany and Great Britain.

Both Britain and Germany blockade each other.

Germany used unrestricted submarine warfare—they used their submarines to sink British ships including passage liners.

May 7th 1915

Sinking of the Lusitania

US Road to War

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/u-boats-sink-the-lusitania-in-1915

USA Enters the War (continue…)

Woodrow Wilson wins because “he kept us out of the war”

Wilson’s reasoning for War

make the world “Safe for Democracy”

Psychological boost and major source of money and war goods

Activity #1:

The sinking of the Lusitania made

the front page of The New York

Herald. Germany claimed that the

British passenger ship was a fair

target because it carried 173 tons

of ammunition as cargo.

Inferring: Why did this event help lead the U.S. entry in the war?

Impact of Total War

World War I as a total war All resources devoted to the home front (battlefields)

European governments expanded their powers Drafted millions of young men Used propaganda to get more to join the military Established planned economies

Planned Economies Gov’t set up price, wage, and rent controls Rationing- limit consumption of resources/goods Took over transportation systems Took over factories to produce military goods

WWI Impact on Society

Influenza (1918) killed 50 million people world wide

New roles for women in the workforce Immediately after the War women get the

right to vote

Activity #2: Cause and Effect Read Impact of Total War (pg. 418). Cause and Effect: What was the impact of total war?

Impact of total war

1.

2.

3.

Activity #3 This British recruiting poster is

an example of wartime propaganda.

Analyzing Primary Sources: Study the poster. What does it imply about the man, his daughter, and his son?

Drawing Conclusions: How might this poster have increased British support for the war?