World Bank Document...6. 1 1 OkV Krong Buk substation and branch Pong D'Rang commune-Krong Buk...

ELECTRICITY OF VIETNAMPOWER ENGINEERING CONSULTING COMPANY No. 4

SYSTEM EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT, EQUITIZATION

AND RENEWABLE PRC)IF,CT

E533Vol. 9

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT

FORIMPROVEMENT OF 110 KV SUBSTATIONS AND

ASSOCIATED TRANSMISSION LINES IN CENTRALVIETNAM IMPLEMENTED BY PC3

(PC3-EIA)

Project Manager: Bui Viet Ha

Nha Trang,March 2002

DEPUTY DIRECTORPOVVESG CONSULTING COMPANY 4

MarchVN 2002

N ~~HUU TAP

March 2002

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Svstem Efficiency Improvement. Equitization and Renewable Proiect (SEIER) - 1 -

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION

1. 1. General1.2. Methodology1.3. EIA Preparation team1.4. Sub-project code

CHAPTER II : PROJECT DESCRIPTION11.1. Name of projectII.2. Implementing agenciesI1.3. Project objectivesII.4. Description of the project component11.5. Implementation schedule

CHAPTER III: LEGAL REGISTRATION, POLICY AND ADMINISTRATIONMANAGEMENTIII.1. Legal,polycyIII.2. Administration management

CHAPTER IV: CURRENT ENVIRONMENT OF THE PROJECT AREAIV. 1 The physical EnvironmentIV.2. The socio-economic condition

CHAPTER V : THE POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE PROJECT.

V.1 Impact on Physical Environmental

V.2. Impact on biological environment and eco-system.V.3. Impacts on HumanV.4. Impacts on telecommunication system,airport,historical-cultural sites and on safety

CHAPTER VI : MITIGATION MEASURES FOR THE PROJECT IMPACTS

VI. 1. Selection criteria of substation location

VI.2 Design stage

VI.3 Construction stage

VI.4 Operation stage

CHAPTER VII: ANALYSIS OF REPLACEMENT ALTERNATIVE

CHAPTER VIII PCBs DISPOSAL AND MANAGEMENT

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CHAPTER IX : PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND CONSULTANTIX. 1. Aims of public consultation and information disseminationIX.2. Public consultation and information dissemination during project preparation stageIX.3. Public consultation and information dissemination during project implementation stage

CHAPTER X : ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)X. 1. Mitigation planX.2. Monitoring programX.3. Institutional strengtheningX.4. ScheduleX.5. Institutional arrangements

ANNEXES

1. List of the participants of the EIA project

2. Detailed impacts on environment by sub-project

3. Records of consultation process

4. Checklist of environmental impact

5. Agreement documents of proposed local government.

6. Certificate for registration for securing environmental standards of provinces withthe project.

PROJECT MAP

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ABBREVIATION

GOVN Government of Viet NamWB World BankEVN Elctricity of Viet NamPC3 Power Company 3PTC3 Power Transmission Company 3PECC4 Power Engineering Consulting Company 4PAPs Project Affected HouseholdsPAPs Project Affected PersonsHHs House holdsVND Viet Nam DongEIA Environmental Impact AssessmentT/L Transmission LineMOSTE: Ministry of Science-Technology and EnvironmentDOSTE: Department of Science-Technology and EnvironmentPAGs : Project Affected GroupsF/S : Feasibility StudyRAP Resettlement Action Plan

EIA I 10kV substation and transmission line in central region.

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CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTIONI.1. General:The System Efficiency Improvement, Equitization and Renewable Project includingconstruction and rehabilitation of a number of power transmission and distribution lines andsubstations, is proposed to be funded under a World Bank credit. The Government of Vietnam isseeking assistance from the WB to improve the efficiency of its power sector so that povertyalleviation programs can take root. One of the project component is for Efficiency Improvementof 110 kV Distribution Network in Central Vietnam implemented by the Power Company No3.

According to the Bank's requirement, an environmental assessment of the project is required toensure that the project is environmentally sound and sustainable. Also, according to the circularNo.490/1998/TT-BKHCNMT issued on 29 April 1998 of Ministry of Science-Technology andEnvironment (MOSTE) of Viet Nam, 110kV substations and 110kV T/Ls are classified as typeII projects with respect to environmental classification. For projects classified as type II, anenvironmental impact assessment is required. This EIA report follows WB and Government ofVietnam guidelines for assessment of environment impacts and mitigation strategies for powerprojects.

The main elements of the EIA are:

1. Assessing the current environment status of the region, where the project is located.

2. Identification of potential impacts to the environment in the case of the project will bedeveloped (in the period of construction and operation)

3. Screening, classification of the impacts (none, small or major)

4. Identification of the measures to mitigate the negative impacts caused by the projectconstruction and operation

5. Developing an appropriate environmental management plan

6. Estimation cost of the proposed mitigation measures.1.2. Methodology:

The method applied in the report is based on environmental checklist

Based on the guidance on EIA by World Bank, the potential environmental impacts areclassified with levels as follows:

Little impact or negligible impact:

For these impacts do not need to have measures for mitigation.

Having impact but not much:

For these impacts, the measures for mitigation must be shown.

Significant impact:

For these impacts, they are necessary to have strict research, and measures for precautionhave to be designed more carefully.

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1.3. EIA preparation team:

This EIA has been prepared by Power Engineering Consulting Company No 4 with assistancefrom Power Engineering Consulting Company No 3.

1.4. Sub-project code:

The project consists of the following sub-projects:1. I1OkV Dien Sanh substation and 1OkV T/L to the substation (in Quang Tri

province). (project number: 0118)2. lOkV Khe Sanh substation and llOkV T/L to the substation (in Quang Tri

province). (project number: 01 09)3. 11 OkV Phu My substation and I 1 OkV Phu Cat-Phu My-Hoai Nhon T/L in Binh Dinh

province). (project number: 0 115)4. 11OkV Krong Buk substation and 11OkV T/L to the substation (in Dak Lak

province). (project number: 0121)5. 11 OkV Van Ninh ( Van Gia) substation and 11 OkV T/L to the substation (in Khanh

Hoa province). (project number: 0108)6. 11OkV Dien Khanh substation and 1OkV Nha Trang-Dien Khanh T/L (in Khanh

Hoa province). (project number: 0114)7. 1 1 OkV Phong Dien substation and 11 OkV T/L to the substation (in Thua Thien-Hue

province). (project number: 410014B)8. 11OkV Dai Loc substation and 1OkV Da Nang-Dai Loc T/L (in Quang Nam

province). (project number: 41001A)

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CHAPTER II: PROJECT DESCRIPTION

11.1. Name of projectEfficiency Improvement of 10 kV Distribution Network in Central Vietnam

11.2. Implementing agencies

7. Investor : Power Company No3

8. Project Manager: Project Management Board of Power Company No3

9. Consulting company: Project Management Board of Power Company No4and Power Engineering Consulting Company No 3

11.3. Project objectivesPower Company No3 (PC3) has the overall responsibility for the project implementation. PC3,established in 1995, is an independent accounting distribution company under the Electricity ofVietnam. PC2 has 22 subsidiaries of which there are 12 provincial power service departmentsand 1 0 dependent enterprises.

PC 1 is responsible for supplying electricity for 12 provinces and cities in Central Vietnam ofwhich there are 9 coastal provinces from Quang Binh to Khanh Hoa and 3 highland provinces ofGia Lai, Kon Tum and Dac Lac. The service areas of PC3 speads widely on the areas of 97,000km2 covering about 30% of the country territory and 15% of national population

The power demand in PC3 areas has been increasing at the average rate of 12.9% during 1996-2000. The fastest growing demand has been seen in the residential sector with an averagegrowth rate of 21.8% per year, while electricity consumption for industry has increased only16.5% per year. Total sales of electricity in 2001 was 2,569 GWh with distribution losses of9.2% in 2001. It is forecasted that during 2001-2005 the demand of the whole region will growat 10.5% reaching 4,223 GWh in 2005.

To meet the growing demand of the region, PC I plans to expand the existing distributionnetwork, especially at the 110 kV voltage level, which is the bottleneck of the distributionsystem given the recent extensive expansion of the MV and LV distribution network accordingto National Rural Electrification program.

The Efficiency Improvement of 1 OkV Distribution Network in Central Vietnam project is toconstruct eight lOkV substations total transformer capacity of 200 MVA and associated 10 kVtransmission lines with total length of 73.8 km I OkV in 6 provinces of Quang Tri, Binh Dinh,Dak Lac, Khanh Hoa, Thua Thien Hue and Quang Nam.

The project will: (i)provide additional transformer capacity and eliminate the bottleneck of thetransmission network to serve the growing demand of Central Vietnam; (ii) to reduce thetransmission losses of Central distribution network; and (iii) increase reliability of the powersupply to the region.

Total project cost is US$ 17.1 million with IDA credit of US$ 10.4 million.

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11.4. Description of the project component

Following are description of each project component:

Technical specification:

TABLE: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF EACH COMPONENT

ScopeSubstation Branch (T/L) Notes

Sub-project Capacity Voltage Length Voltage No. of

_______(kV(MVA) (kV) (m) (kV) circuitQuang Tri province1. 1IOkVKheSanhsubstationandbranch I x25 11/35/22 3 5 110 22. 1lOkV Dien Sanh substation and branch lx25 110/35/22 1292 110 2

Thua Thien-Hue province3. 11OkV Phong Dien substation and branch lx25 1388 110 2

Quang Nam province- Da Nang city4. 11OkV Dai Loc substation and Da Nang- lx25 6000 110 2Dai Loc T/L 9150 1

Binh Dinh province5. 1 IOkV Phu My substation and Phu Cat-Phu lx25 110/35/22 50,350 110 1My-Hoai Nhon T/L

Dak Lak province6. 1 IOkV Krong Buk substation and branch lx25 110/35/22

Khanh Hoa province7. 1 lOkV Van Gia substation and branch lx25 110/22 93 110 28. IInkV Dien Khanh substation and Nha lx25 110/35/22 5501 110 2Trang-Dien_Khanh_T/._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Profect location

The proposed site selected for the project has been approved by the People's Committeeof each province.

Sub-project LocationQuang Tri province

1. 11 OkV Khe Sanh substation and branch Cluster 4-Khe Sanh town-Huong Hoa district-Quang Tri

2. 11OkV Dien Sanh substation and branch Tan Dien hamlet-Hai Tho commune-Hai Langdistrict-Quang Tri province

Thua Thien-Hue province3. 1 OkV Phong Dien substation and Tan Lap hamlet, Phong Dien town, Phong

branch Dien districtQuang Nam province-Da Nang city4. 11 OkV Dai Loc substation and Da Nang-Dai Group 6, Ai Nghia town, Dai Loc districtLoc T/L Hoa Tho, Hoa Phong, Hoa Khuong communes

(Hoa Vang district)Dai Hiep commune, Dai loc district

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Binh Dinh province5. 11OkV Phu My substation and Phu Cat-Phu Chanh Tuan hamlet-My Trinh commune-PhuMy-Hoai Nhon T/L My district

Running through Phu My, Phu Cat and HoaiNhon districts.

Dak Lak province6. 1 1 OkV Krong Buk substation and branch Pong D'Rang commune-Krong Buk district

(nearby the existing 220kV Krong Buksubstation)

Khanh Hoa province7. l 1 OkV Van Gia substation and branch Tan Dan hamlet-Van Thang commune-Van

Ninh district.8. 11 OkV Dien Khanh substation and Nha Dien Thanh commune-Dien Khanh districtTrang-Dien Khanh T/L Vinh Thanh,Vinh Trung commune (Nha Trang

city)Dien An, Dien Toan, Dien Thanh commune(Dien Khanh district)

11.5. Implementation schedule:

- F/S,RAP,EIA approved by authorized level December, 2001-March 2002

- Technical design August 2002

- Preparation of Bidding document for equipment and works: August 2002

- Procurement of equipment and works: October 2002-June 2003

- Site clearance and compensation Feb 2003-July 2003

- Construction August 2003

- Commissioning July 2004

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CHAPTER III

LEGAL, POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION MANAGEMENTIII.1. Legal,policy:

The EIA is based on:

Feasibilities studies report of each project component, approved by EVN;

Agreement by the PPCs of concerned provinces where the project component are

located or traversed on line route and substation located

Environmental legal framework as follow:Vietnamese legal framework:

Law on Environmental Protection dated 27/7/1993 of the socialist republic of Vietnam.This law stipulates the prevention from bad impacts on the environrment and environmental protection as well as improvement of ecologicalenvironment. "Enviroment" is defined as the natural environment and the one created by human comprising air, water, sea, land, mineralmines, forests, grass fields, wildlife, trees, natural and historical sites, natural conservation areas, places of interest, cities, villages, etc.

Laws of forest protection and forest development:

The laws regulate the management, development and use of forest, the prevention of forest destruction, the enhancement of responsibilityand the encouragement for institutions/individual of forest protection and forest development, the discovery of forest benefits for thepurpose of national protection and the national development.

Government Decree N 17 75/CP dated 18/10/1994 guiding the implementation of the Law on Environmental Protection.Government Decree No 54/1999/ND-CP dated 08/07/1999 on Protection of High Voltage Networks.

Ministerial Circular No. 490/1998/TT-BKHCNMT of Ministry of Science - Technology and Environment of Vietnam dated 29 April 1998on the guidance for the establishment and inspection of EIA report for the investment project.

Ministerial Circular N° 490/1998/TT-BKHCMMT dated 29/4/1998 of MOSTE guiding EIA preparation and appraisal.

National Criteria on water quality TCVN 5942 - 1995, TCVN 5944 - 1995National Criteria on air quality TCVN 5949 - 1995National Criteria on noise TCVN 5949 - 1995National Criteria on pollution TCVN 5937 - 1995

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Codes on Electrical Equipment Installation - part II - Power transmission line and distribution system No. 11 TCN 19 - 84

In this standard the minimum clearance between the live parts of the line and trees are identified. Trees outside the ROW must ensure twometers clearance between conductors and tree parts when falling. The clearance between top of the trees and conductors in the ROW must benot less than six meters. The ROW identified by two parallel planes is seven meters far from outer conductors when they are vertical and notless than two meters when conductors are at maximum swing angle.

WB procedures on environment impact assessment:Environmental safeguards, namely

Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01, BP 4.01, GP 4.01),

Natural Habitats (OP 4.04, BP 4.04, GP 4.04),

Forestry (OP 4.36, GP 4.36),

Pest Management (OP 4.09),

Cultural Property (OPN 11.03),

Bank Procedures BP 17.50: Public disclosure of Environmental and Social Operational Documents

Electric power transmission systems, environmental sourcebook, WB technical paper No.154

111.2. Administration management:Presently, the responsibility on environmental management is arranged as follows:

Ministry of Science - Technology and Environment (MOSTE) of Vietnam is the central government environmental management, theorganization is responsible for the guidance for the preparation, appraisal and supervision of the implementation of EIA report for theinvestment projects.

This project is classified as the project of type II that is required to have environmental registration for compliance with environmentalstandards. The project is required to prepare an environmental impacts report.

Department of Science - Technology and Environment (DOSTE) is responsible on environment in each province. Althoughadministratively under Provincial People Committee, on technical issues, all DOSTEs reports to MOSTE. DOSTEs are assigned by theMOSTE to inspect, supervise on implement ratification of EIA reports, environmental standard registration forms and environmentalprotection regulations in operation in its field of action, and to treat according to the law with violating cases.After receiving environmentalstandard documents of the project of type II, the DOSTE is going to examine and to issue a environmental standard certificate.

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In addition, at district level, there is a division under DPC in charge of environment management. This division reports to DOSTE ontechnical aspects.

EVN is responsible for supervising and guiding environmental protection in power sector as a whole. There is an centre within EVN directlyin charge of environmental management.

PC3 is project investor who is directly responsible for environment managmeent of the project during its lifetime. During project preparationand construction, PC3 has authorized its Power Project Management Board of PC3 (PPMB of PC3)to be in charge of project management.After commissioning, the project will be handed over to the provincial power service department (PSD), where the project is located. ThePSD will be in charge of environmental management during operation period.

Designing consultancy, and Supervisory Consultancy in close coordination with respective Provincial People's Committee to evaluate theimpacts of projects on environmental resources. Regular Independent Supervisory Consultancy will report in details the impacts of projectson natural and social environment.

For each project component, a consulting company is appointed for preparation of all project documents such as FS, EIA and RAP. Theselected consulting companies are responsible for identifying environmental impacts during project lifetime and measures andimplementation plan to be applied to mitigate these impacts. PC3 is responsible for submission of environmental registration for the projectto the related DOSTEs.

In the construction phase, groups of supervisors will be set up, these are contructor supervisor, investor supervisor and designer supervisor.During the operation phase, the provincial power service departments (PPSD) are responsible for environmental performance undersupervision of the respective DOSTEs. These supervisors are founded by relevant organization and also have the responsibility ofenvironmental monitor. Environmental Monitoring data and report on environmental supervision will be submitted by the PPSD to PC3 andrespective DOSTEs.

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CHAPTER IV: CURRENT ENVIRONMENT OF THE PROJECT AREA

In terms agro-ecological setting, Vietnam can be divided into 8 separate regions, different on the basis of topography, annual rainfall, inherentsusceptibility of the land to deterioration and the types of dominant land forms.

The project components are located in North Central Coast (Quang Tri, Thua Thien-Hue), South Central Coast (Quang Nam, Binh Dinh,Khanh Hoa) and Central Highlands (Dak Lak).

IV.1 The Physical Environment

Topography. geomophorlogv. geology

The project will traverse 11 districts of 6 provinces in Central part of Vietnam: Quang Tri, Thua Thien-Hue, Quang Nam, BinhDinh, Dak Lak and Khanh Hoa provinces. The project areas cover varied terrain, with little variation in altitude.

In the North Central Coast (Quang Tri, Thua Thien Hue) yellow-red soils dominate the uplands; alluvial soils in the lowlands; andsandy soils - in the coast. About 40% of the region has medium susceptibility to deterioration. The South Central coast (Quang Nam, BinhDinh, Khanh Hoa) is characterized by yellow-red soils in the uplands and alluvium in the valleys. Despite rolling topography, low rainfallmakes this region have low susceptibility to deterioration. The Central highlands (Dak Lak) has yellow-red which is of basaltic origin thathave excellent potential for agricultural development and medium susceptibility to deterioration.

Meteorolozv:

Quang Tri and Thua Thien-Hue provinces are located within the tropical and humid climate area with monsoons. Maximum airtemperature is more 40°C due to the influence of hot and dry westerly wind (from Laos to Central Viet Nam). In Winter season, minimumair temperature is under 10°C due to the influence of North-East wind. The average yearly rainfall is 2,890 mm, reaching peak in Octoberand November. Typhoon is common from May to August.

Quang Nam, Binh Dinh and Khanh Hoa provinces are located within the tropical and hot and humid climate area with monsoons.There are two seasons: rainy season and dry season. The dry season is prolonged while rainy season lasts from September to December,and accounts for70-80% of total rainfall in a year, which is averaged at 700 mm a year.

In summer season, maximum air temperature is more 39-40°C. Winter season is a cool, but air temperature is not lower than 10°C.

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Dak Lak province is located within the tropical and humid climate area with monsoons. There're two seasons : rainy season and dryseason. The rainy season lasts from May to November, accounting for up to 80% of total rainfall in a year, which is in the level of 2000-2200 mm in average. Dry season lasts from July to April, usual wind direction is North-East, it is a rather cool. Due to the distance of thesite from the coast and the effect of Truong Son mountain in blocking wind, the proposed areas will be little affected by storms. However,rains and strong winds often occur.

The features of topological condition and basic climate element of the proposed region of the project are listed in the following table:

Table IV.1 SUMMARY ON TOPOLOGICAL AND CLIMATIC CONDITION OF THE PROPOSED AREA OF TRANSMISSIONLINE

Sub- TOPOLOGICAL AND CLIMATIC CONDITION

Project Topology Wind Rainfall Humidity % Thunderstorm Air temperature

0118 Even and flat - May-Sep: SW -Average annual rainfall: -Relative average - Number of days - Average airterrain. The Oct-Apr. :N, SW 2650mm humidity: 85% with thunderstorms temperature:25,5oC.vegetation -Average wind speed: -Max. rainy intensity: -Relative minimum annually: 70days - Minimum aircoverage is 2,8m/s * I Sminutes: 40mm humidity 19% - Time with temperature :9oCmainly -Calculated wind *30 minutes: 60mm thunderstorms in the - Maximum aireucalyptus. pressure: 95daN/m2 *60 minutes: 100mm year :135 hours temperature: 41,5oC.

0109 Relative even - Apr.- Sep.: S - Average annual rainfall: - Relative average - Number of days - Average airand flat terrain. - Oct.- March:W 2600mm humidity: 84,5% with thunderstorms temperature:25,2oC.The vegetation - Average wind speed - Max. rainy intensity: - Relative minimum annually: 25 days - Minimum aircoverage is ::3,5m/s. *15 minutes: 40mm humidity:15% - Time with temperature:8oCmainly coffee. - Calculated wind *30 minutes: 60mm thunderstorms in the - Maximum air

pressure :82- *60 minutes: 100mm year :175 hours temperature: 42,8oC.95daN/m2.

0115 Relative even - May-Sept.: E,NE - Average annual rainfall: - Relative average - Number of days - Average airand flat terrain. - Dec.-April:S,SE, 17 10mm humidity: 80% with thunderstorms temperature:26,5oC.The vegetation SW - Max. rainy intensity: - Relative minimum annually: 57 days - Minimum aircover is mainly - Average wind speed * 15 minutes: 47,5mm humidity: 12% - Time with temperature :1 5,5oCeucalyptus, :2,5m/s. *30 minutes: 72,5mm thunderstorms in the - Maximum air

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paddy and - Calculated wind *60 minutes: 97,5mm year :100 hours temperature: 41,5oC.crops. pressure :108-

125daN/m2.0121 Relative even - Apr.-Sept.:W,WS - Average annual rainfall: - Relative average - Number of days - Average air

and flat terrain. - Oct-March:N,EN 1600mm humidity: 81% with thunderstorms temperature:25,5oC.The botanic - Average wind speed - Max. rainy intensity: - Relative minimum annuallyr: 94 days - Minimum aircarpet is :2,5m/s. * 15 minutes: 42mm humidity:20% - Time with temperature :9,5oCmainly coffee - Calculated wind *30 minutes: 64mm thunderstorms in the - Maximum air

pressure :82 daN/m2. *60 minutes: 80mm Year :175 hours temperature: 39,5oC.0108 Flat. - Oct.-Apr.: S,SE - Average rainfall in the - Relative average - Number of days - Average air

Vegetation - May-Sep.:W, NW years: 1360mm humidity: 81% with thunderstorms temperature:26,5oC.coverage is - Average wind speed - Max. rainy intensity: - Relative minimum annually: 55 days - Minimum airmainly crop :3,4m/s. * 15 minutes: 30mm humidity:22% - Time with temperature: 14,5oCpaddies - Calculated wind *30 minutes: 45,5mm thunderstorms in the - Maximum air

pressure :82daN/m2. *60 minutes: 62mm year :1 05 hours temperature 39,5oC.0114 Relative even - Sept.-Dec.:E,NE - Average rainfall in the - Relative average - Amount of days with - Average air

and flat terrain. - Jan.-Aug:S, SE years: 1360mm humidity: 80% thunderstorms in the temperature:26,6oC.The botanic Average wind speed - Max. rainy intensity: - Relative minimum year: 55 days - Minimum aircarpet is :2,9m/s. *15 minutes: 30mm humidity:22% - Time with temperature:14oCmainly crops, - Calculated wind *30 minutes: 45,6mm thunderstorms in the - Maximum airfruit trees. pressure :82- *60 minutes: 61,2mm year :96 hours temperature: 4OoC.

95daN/m2. ___41004B Relative even - Apr.-Sept.: S - Average rainfall in the - Relative average - Number of days - Average air

and flat terrain. - Oct.-March:W years: 2560mm humidity: 84,5% with thunderstorms temperature:25,2oC.The botanic - Average wind speed - Max. rainy intensity: - Relative minimum annually: 25 days - Minimum aircarpet is :3,5m/s. * 15 minutes: 40mm humidity:15% - Time with temperature :8oCmainly - Calculated wind *30 minutes: 60mm thunderstorms in the - Maximum aireucalyptus. pressure :82- *60 minutes: 100mm year :175 hours temperature: 42,8oC.

95daN/m2.

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IV.2 The socio-economic condition

a. Economy:

In Central regions, the economy is based on industry and agriculture. Forestry andfishing, handicraft and commercial services are being strongly developed for the purpose ofeconomic stable development. Rising income levels are making a significant change in people'sliving-standard and condition. In Central provinces, the average income per capita in the year1995 was 222 USD. The income per caita in project provinces in 12995 was:

- Quang Tri province : 80 USD- Thua Thien Hue province : 293 USD- Quang Nam province and Da Nang city : 286 USD- Khanh Hoa province : 310 USD- Dak Lak province : 260 USD- Binh Dinh province . 167 USD

b. Agriculture:

Total area of paddy cultivation in provinces in 1995 was 368,700ha. Phu Yen province,with 22,000ha area of paddy, has the largest paddy area. Tree crops are developing strongly,including: rubber in Dak Lak, Gia Lai, Kon Tum provinces; cinnamon trees in Quang Namprovince; sugar cane, peanut, crops and other fruit trees.

In the highland areas of the provinces, grass cultivation area takes up 2,100,000ha ofnatural land area. By-products of agriculture will improve the breeding of buffalos, cows andpigs. In the coastal provinces, breeding of pigs and domestic fowls takes place on a small scale,dispersed in households. In recent years, the central coastal provinces have paid attention to thedevelopment of sea-food production.

c. Forestry:Forestry is very important in the development strategy in central region, especial in

highland provinces. Industrial trees are developing quickly. Farms and enterprises areresponsible for management, exploitation, forest cultivation and processing forest products.Forestry work is also important. Most ethnic groups in the mountains carry out forest work incombination with agricultural work, more employment, improved living-standard. In the recentyears, according to the 327-program implementation, the provinces mobilized mountainousdistricts to cultivate forest, cover empty land and denuded hillsHowever, forest processing isstill low in development, using backward technology, and resulting in primitive production withlow value.

d. Industry and handicraftThe industry and handicraft of communes are not developed yet because of the difficult

mountainous regions, the limitation of capital, the difficulty of product consuming. Nowadays,main activity is is processing of timber, coffee, rubber latex, tea, sea food, foods. Equipment isvery old and primitive, only part of sugar cane production uses modem equipment. Mechanicaland grinding workshops to serve demands in each local.

Traditional handicraft is not systematically developed yet. There is spontaneous andprimitive development. The quality of product is still poor.

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In the recent years, due to the open door policy of Government, some large industrialzones with foreign capital have been established, such as Dung Quat industrial zone in QuangNgai province, industrial zone of Thua Thien-Hue province; Hoa Hiep industrial zone of PhuYen province; Ky Ha and Chu Lai industrial zones of Quang Nam province.... The industrialzones put a new face on industry in province . They are driving force for industrial developmentfor the region.

e. Culture, health service and education:

Cultural and musical activities are showing renewed development; public and nationalcultural traditions are restored; cultural festivals of mountainous ethnic minorities of Centralprovince are maintained. The quality of culture has enhanced steadily.

On health service, apart from provincial hospital of the center of province, there arehospitals of districts, regional general overhauling department, health service stations ofcommunes for people's health service.

Education: The quality of children's education is good in city but quite poor in

mountain and rural areas. There is a shortage of teachers and rooms at schools in rural and

mountainous communes.

Generally, the socio-economic development in the Central region in general and of the

seven project affected provinces in particular, is still poorly developed compared to the level of

other regions in Vietnam. Economic development of these provinces is still low with weak in

frastructure and low level of living standard for population.

EIA II OkV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency lmorovement. Epuitization and Renewable Proiect (SEIER) -17-

CHAPTER V

POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE PROJECT.

The project impacts on the environment can be divided into:

Impact on physical environment

Impact on biological and ecological system

Impact on human

Impacts on telecommunication systems, on landscape, cultural reservesand others

The environment issues caused by the project are as in the following:

V.1 Impact on Physical Environment.

Negative environmental impacts are caused by construction of transmission lines, access roads,tower pads and substations, These include runoff and sedimentation from grading for line andsubstation facilities; loss of land and increase in soil erosion due to placement of towers andsubstations; oil contamination from construction equipment; dust, noise and vibration due tomaterial transportation and construction works; disposal of installation and construction materials.These impacts are more significant in the populated areas and should be dealt with by appropriatemitigation measures to comply with the national environmental standards on quality of water, airand land.

Erosion of land could be caused during construction of power tower foundation and wirestringing or by construction of temporary assess roads. During the operation phase, soil erosionand landslide could be still a problem in the vicinity of the tower pads if not managed andcontrolled properly. This should be paid with attention where the topography is sloppy in themountain areas of Quang nam, Dak lak, or the foundation morphology is not very strong in thecoastal areas. Soil erosion and landslides may occur also during implementation of siteclearance of 1 1 OkV substation

Noise caused by arcing flashover in rains or very humid condition will not be considered as itis considerably small (

Svstem Efficiency Improvement. Eguitization and Renewable Proiect (SEIER) -18-

V.2. IMPACT ON BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND ECO-SYSTEM:

Construction and operation of 110kV distribution network may cause some negative impacts onbiological and ecosystem due to site clearance and maintenance of the project Right of Way (ROW) andsubstation site.

Transmission line ROW2Total land occupied by the project ROW is 1,001,039m2. In which

- Annual land for crops cultivation: 443,393.25m2 . In which:

* Paddy land: 364,250m2

* Crops land: 79,143.25m2

- Land area of perennial trees: 167,599m2. In which:

* Fruit tree land: 77,352m2

* Coffee land: 1l,797m2

* Cashew land: 78,450m2

- Forestry: 348,954m2 . In which:

* Pine land : 4,50Gm 2

* Eucalyptus land : 261,054m 2

* Thin and bushy forests: 81,000m2

* Barren land: 2,400m2

2- Total residential land: 40,733m2.

According to Vietnamese standards on safety of ROW network, for 11 OkV T/L, the ROWis limited by 2 parallel corridors of 4m out from the outer conductors in vertical position. Thetrees outside the ROW must be controlled to ensure there is a distance of 0,5m from trees toconductors when they falling down. The vertical clearance requirement from conductor to top ofthe trees in the ROW must be not less than 3m.

As such, all trees of or would be > 4m in the ROW must be cut down. As the result treesthat would be > 4m height shall not permitted to plant within the ROW. Therefore if the T/Lroutes traverse natural and industrial forests with trees higher than the limit, such trees must becut down as well. This would have certain impacts on the biological and ecologicalenvironment.There are 44, 851 trees to be cut, in which 1960 are cashew; 1163 are coffee; 1125 are pine;9822 are eucalyptus and 13,141 fruit trees. Details are provided in Table V.4.

EIA IIOkV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency Improvement. Equitization and Renewable Proiect (SEIER) -19-

Besides, the project can open up more remote lands to human activities and construction ofROW can result in the lost and fragmentation of habitats and vegetation along the ROW.However, in this project, since the route lines have been chosen to mainly go along the existingroads, all component, do not traverse through protected areas, with natural primary forest orareas with high biodiversity, which are present in five provinces. There are 3 subproject wherethe transmission lines traverse forests namely Dien Sanh Substation and associated 110 kVbranch, 110 kV transmission line Phu Cat- Phu My and 110 kV substation Phong Dien with its110 kV branch. Total ROW in these forests are of 32.6 ha, in which 4.4 ha of planted pines, 24.2h of planted eucalyptus and 8 h of thin secondary forest (which low bushes are dominant). For110 kV Phong Dien subproject, in the same district, there is Phong Dien Natural Reserve.However, the subproject is located far from the Reserved areas. It is located in the planted forestwith eucalyptus with total 853 eucalyptus to be cut down. The route line has been discussed andagreed upon with Thua thien Hue DOSTE to ensure that no significant impacts on ecosystems inthis area will be imposed. The 110 kV line Phu Cat- Phu My traverse areas of pine, eucalyptusplanted forest and bushy secondary forest, which is of low value. Therefore, the general impactsof project on the tree cutting on forest are insignificant.

There's also impact on rice and crops within ROW during construction stage (towertransportation, conductor stringing, tower foundation...). However these impacts are onlytemporary affections (with duration of from 3 to 6 months).

Category of lands occupied within the project ROW is provided in the table V.1:

Impacts on permanent land acquisition:

Total area of permanently impacted land for tower foundation and substation : 49,898m', inwhich, 10, 732 m2 is paddy fields, 5,017 m2 is other crop fields, 13,181 m2 is perennial trees(fruit trees, coffee and cashew), 20,081 m2 is forest land and 537 m2 is residential land.

Total area of temporary impacted land for construction and for temporary access roads is950,841m 2, in which 353,518 m2 is paddy fields; 74,486 m2 is other crops fields; 154,418 m2 isperennial trees (fruit trees, coffee and cashew); 328,873 m2 is forest and 40,196 m2 isresidential land.

Detailed information on land acquisition is provided in Table V.1; V.2 and V.3

EIA Il OkV substation and transmission line in central region

, L,,flAWIUY IIILJIuveftnerl. cju,uizaiuri ana rienewaoie i-rofec[ (btitti) -20-

Table V.1: IMPACTED LAND BY THE PROJECT

No. Land with in Permanently impacted land (in2) Temporary impacted land (i 2)Sub- ROW (inl)Foetyorsy

project Annual Long-term Resi- Annual Perennial FrestryCrops Tree crops __ dence Cro s Tree Crops Resi-

Paddy Crops Fruit Coffee Cash- Pine Eucaly Thin Barren Paddy Crops Fruit Coffee Cash- Pine Eucalypt Thin Barren dence________ _ tree ew ptus Forest tree ew us

1 118 22666 200 54 3986 3100 4446 8480 24002 109 5516 5070 4463 115 600469 1490 1080 450 680 5797 700 270 79080 57230 51450 77770 212942 80300 312304 121 6281,25 6281,25

5 108 4993 3537 1456

6 114 104014,75 6096,75 400 700 200 49300 15800 24752 67667 41004B 25903 5598 20305

8 41004A 231196 2945 3946 67 2220380

Total 1001039 10732 5017.25 1150 11351 680 54 19327 700 537 353518 74486 76202 446 77770 4446 241727 80300 2400 40196

Table V.2: Permanent acquisition of land for tower and substations

No. Sub-project Substation (m2) | T/L (m2)I 0118 3886.00 354.002 0109 4991.00 79.003 0115 3939.00 6528.004 0121 6281.25 05 0108 3337.00 200.006 0114 4696.75 2700.007 41001B 5098.00 500.008 41004A 3946.00 3362.00

Sum 36175.00 13723.00Total 49,849

EIA -2.c- 110kV substation and transmission line in central region

NIOLsteN icief ordent, ~nd M wat~_,roieOIEIm1-_ _ _

Table V.3: Temporary impacted land area.

No. Sub-project ROW (m2) Temporary service road1 0118 185952. 0109 4463 0115 5900024 01215 0108 1180 2766 0114 79815 165037 41001B 203058 41004A 223888

Sub-total 934,062 16,779Total 950,841

Table V.4 Impacted perennial trees and other high treesNo. Sub-project Cashew Coffee Pine Eucalyptus Fruit trees

(Code)

1 0118 1125 29432 0109 5923 0115 19600 6026 130004 0121 5715 01086 0114 1417 41004B 2438 41004A 610

Sub- Total 19600 1163 1125 9822 13141Total 44,851

EIA I - I OkV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency Imorovement. Eauitization and Renewable Project (SEIER) -22-

V.3 Impacts on Human

Impact on residential areas

The line routes are normally selected to be close to transportation roads so as to facilitate construction,operation and maintenance in the future. Substation sites are selected to be close to the load center, i.e. beclose to a residential or industrial areas. As such, outgoing feeders and IIOkV T/L connected tosubstation may traverse houses. In order to avoid houses, the line route was designed to turn frequentlywith numerous small angles.However, the survey data show that there are 816 project affected households (3896 persons), oftheses:392 households with parcels for permanent land acquisition and trees/crops;424 households with parcels for temporary land acquisition and trees/crops;43 households with partial impact on houses and trees/crops.There are no PAPs who will have to be relocated to other places.There are no PAPs with more than 20% of their total residential and agricultural lands theirholdings affected.

Details of affected houses are provided in Table V.5

Table V.5: Project impacted housesNo. Sub-project Quantity Demolished house area

m21 01182 01093 0115 27 30074 01215 01086 0114 10 4867 41004B 6 4178 41004A

Total 43 3910

Impact of noise, vibration and pollution for residential areas:

Machine operation during construction may cause noise and vibration including trucks forequipment and material transportation. However noise, vibration level is less than 5OdBA, the permittednoise level.

As the voltage levels are I OkV, noise caused by arcing flashover in light rain or humid conditionis insignificant, much lower than permissible level.

Pollution of dust, noise to human residential area may occur during construction period. Howeverload truck transporting material on roads near residential areas will be required to be covered. The noiselevel from trucks is not exceed level of 5OdBA.

Industrial waste (fueling, lubricants spills...) may caused when the substation was defected.However, in design and installation stage a stagnated tank to dispose waste material would be built.Industrial waste therefore shall not spill or leaked out to surrounding areas.

EIA 1IOkV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency Improvement. Equitization and Renewable Project (SEIER) -23-

As the project comprises 15 newly built substations, and the new transformers, disconnectingequipment will not use oil insulation types of PCBs which was forbidden to use by the govemment from1990 (PCBs is one of the 12 POPs Persistent organic Pollutants). These to be specified in the biddingdocuments of substation.

According to analysis above, pollution of waste, dust, noise and vibration to surrounding areas ofthe project would not be a considerable impact if the construction will be managed properly. The impactsare of a short term nature and can be monitored against the national environmental standards

Impact of electromagnetic field on human and animals:

Electric power transmission line creates electromagnetic fields (EMFs). The strength of both electric andmagnetic fields decrease with distance from transmission lines. It is assumed that health hazards mayexist from EMFs. Also placement of low-slung lines or lines near human activities could increase therisk of electrocutions.

According to the Vietnamese standard on "Permitted level of power frequency withstandvoltage intensity and the regulation of supervision at working site " issued with DecisionNo.183 NL/KHKT dated 12 April 1994 by Ministry of Energy on the regulation of permittedlevel of power frequency withstand voltage intensity depending on working hour and electricfield, and the regulation of supervision of working site.

The permission of working hour in one day and night depends on electric field intensity,the regulation is stipulated as below:

Elected

Intensity 5kV/m), for population area under the T/L and nearby the projected area, the permission of theelectric field intensity without human impact is S5 kV/m.

The project transmission lines shall be designed following Vietnamese standards thatminimize such risks. The height from conductor to ground is at least 6m (out of residentialareas) and 7m within residential areas.

For any structure under the line routes, the maximum electric field under these 11 OkV T/Lis around 2.79 kV/m. Working time per day and night therefore could be unlimited. Affectedelectric field is classified as below:

EIA 11OkV substation and transmission line in central region


Distance from conductor to affected Electric field intensity(kV/m)area (m)

3 4,64 2.795 1.826 1.247 0.88

Basing on these above analysis and data, the electric field caused by the project would notaffect human's health in the area within line ROW.

Impact on workers' safety and health:

In the construction phase, worker may face some hazard conditions of accidents such as electriccutting, burn or shock.

Besides, in some projects, workers will stay for a certain period of time in camps whileimplementing construction. This may cause disease: malaria, typhoid fever, diarrhea and other diseaseinfected from lack of clean drinking water, food and from mosquitos which are very popular in theremote areas.

V.4. Impacts on telecommunication systems, airport, historical- cultural sites and on safety

On telecommunication svstems

Telecommunication projects including:

- Communication lines going closed to, crossing or along the I I OkV T/L

- Audio frequency, PLC telephone lines going closed or along the T/L

The impact may jam broadcasting station and cause hazardous conditions due to I phase short -circuit current occurred on I IOkV T/L. However, the data survey during investigation and design stageshows that there is not communication line sections in the project area .

11 OkV T/L and 11 OkV substations of the subprojects were designed far from telecommunicationprojects. Other inter-district and intervillage communication lines are not very important that T/L wasdesigned to cross or closed to few times. Nevertheless, the lengths of portions to be crossed are quiteshort that impact of electric field would be insignificant.

Impact on landscape, cultural and historical sites:

According to the survey work, no cultural and historic sites are in the proposed areas of the project.Local management Institutions of cultural and historic sites have been consulted in design stage of T/Land substation location.

Impacts on airports

Avian and aircraft hazards from transmission lines and towers may create risk for bird habitatsand flight routes. There are not local small airports in the project areas that makes to installmarkers to minimise risk of low-flying aircrafts.

EIA 10kV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency Improvement. Eguitization and Renewable Proiect (SEIER) -25-

Impacts on safety of explosion and fire

Because the proposed area of the project will located in different regions, when carrying out theconstruction work, impacts caused as a consequence of wars could not be avoided for examplean accidental discovery of bomb, mine in ROW. During the survey, selection design of routesand substation location as well as construction work, it is necessary to pay attention to theproblem to mitigate the negative impacts for humans and the surrounding environment.

Only at the site of the 110kV Phu Cat-Phu My-Hoai Nhon T/L is it possible that mines andbombs remain on the ground. (According to the letter No.82/CV-BCH dated August 1, 2001 byMilitary Management Board of Binh Dinh province). Mine clearance for the sub-project will becarried out before the construction begins.

Explosive measure will be not applied in construction. Explosive substances will not be used inconstruction. The construction method to be used is excavation and simple instruments. Inorder to avoid fire, workers are not allowed to use forest trees or other material from forest incooking or heating purposes. All substations shall equipped fire protection equipment

E1A 110 OV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency Improvement, Eauitization and Renewable Proiect (SEIER) -26-

CHAPTER VI

MITIGATION MEASURES FOR THE PROJECT IMPACTS

Mitigation measures for the project impacts will be carried out on the substationlocation in 3 stages : design, construction and operation stages.

VI.1. Selection criteria of substation location:

With the ecosystem

The selection of line routes should avoid tree cutting as much as possible. According to Law on ForestProtection of Vietnam, tree cutting, which affects environment, is strictly under control. Thus theselection should try to avoid dense forests, natural forests with high ecological values or reserved areas.The selected line routes in fact traverse only secondary forests or newly planted ones which have lowecological and economical value.

With residential area and safety issues:

The optimal routes have been considered to avoid houses. For those unavoidably traversing residentialplots, mitigation measures include increasing towers height, making numerous small angles to avoidhouses and structures.Technical measures have been selected to ensure minimum impacts on houses and structures as well assafety to local residents. The solution include reasonable spans, special technical options for towers,arms, guys, foundations at locations that have risk of landslide or erosion.

With telecommunication lines:

The line route should be selected so that there no impact on the telecommunication systems inaccordance with regulations and criteria of Degree No. 54 on power network row and Degree No.39 onpost office transmission line row. The route should also avoid or minimize crossing or going close to tointerdistrict and intercommune telecommunication lines.In fact, the line route selected have insignificant impacts on the existing communication systems

With airport, historical and cultural sites and other constructions:

The route and substation sites were selected so that there is no impacts on the above sites

With impacts on landscape

Line routes may affect sight seeing in the areas. Mitigation measures therefore should be considered andapplied based specific conditions of different locations and cases. Following principles would be applied:The line routes should avoid parks, reserved sites, and areas that have historical and architectural value.The routes should be hidden as much as possible.T/L should be located in areas where impacts on landscape are least.

Avoid T/L running parallel with high ways or public entertainment areas.

EIA I OkV substation and transmission line in central region


With the former war remnants and risk of fire:

During selection of line routes or substation sites, one of the highetst concerns to avoid former warconsequences such as: bombs, mines, etc. which could be in the ROW and in substation location. Theproject team consulted with local authority and with Ministry of Defence to define areas where therecould be such risk. Mine clearance for the subproject Phu Cat-Phu My- Hoai Nhon will be carried outbefore site clearance and the works will be included to bidding documents for works.

In order to avoid fire, it will be specified in the bidding document for works that construction workersare not allowed to use forest tree for cooking or heating purpose.

2. For llOkVsubstationsThe substations were separated with outside by surrounding fences to ensure safety operation

and avoid hazardous conditions to human and animal passing by.

However, fueling and lubricants spills from substations may occur during operation. Absorbtanks will be included in the designs of substations with large capacity. All fuel, lubricants leaking andraining water therefore would be absorbed and treated before draining out. Impact on environment wouldbe mitigated as fuel, lubricants leaking were split from water. Sewage system also will be designedwithin substation sites to avoid pollution to surrounding areas.

Fire, exploitation protective equipment and prevention methods, which are consulted andagreed with Fire Prevention Police Office, will be included in design stage of substation.

Transformers, disconnecting equipment will not use electric isolation oil PCB type as PCBsubstance may cause cancer disease. This will be specified in the bidding document for supplying oftransformer.

Summary of mitigation measures during design phase is provided in the following table:

Potential Impact Mitigating Measures

1) 110kV Transmission Lines- Impacts on ecological system: trees - Line routes selected and designed to avoid natural andcutting, deforestation (natural and planted forests; Limit deforestation due to cutting of treesplanted forests) that have economical or ecological value; replant trees as

much as number of trees to be cut down (mechanicalmethods strictly forbidden; it is encouraged to use simpletools for trees cutting)

-Impact on residential areas: Line - Carefully and properly calculated line routes to avoidroutes may traverse houses and other houses and other structures; increase tower length;constructors; noise disturbance designed routes turning frequently to minimize number of

houses to be traversed by line routes (there's no house to betraversed); manufacturers are requested to designequipment with maximum noise level when operating notexceed permitted noise level standards

EIA I 1 OkV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency Improvement. Epuitization and Renewable ProLect (SE/ER) -28-

- Impact on communication line system - Comply with network safety regulations and articlesand other broadcasting related means: stipulated in Degree No. 54 on safety ofT/L may traverse or cross these systems. telecommunication transmission lines; Select line routes

far from communication line system or minimize numberof times crossing or traverse these systems; coordinate withProvincial Post Offices to cables the communication linesystem in crossing sections;

Impact on landscape, army site, Coordinate and agree with local authorities on locationshistorical sites, airport, reversed areas... have T/L traverse through; adjust design to avoid historical

and cultural sites, reserved areas..Impacts on safety Select route to avoid areas with war consequences.

Consultation with local authority to identify risk areas. Forrisk areas, mine clearance to be included to bidding forworks

-Impact on sight seeing of the - Hide T/L in side forests; avoid parks, public sites or highlandscape that has T/L traversed through ways in order to hide T/L as much as possible; design T/L

run along national roads, rail ways...

VI.3 Construction stage:

A. 110kV transmission line:

Construction arrangement:

The construction plan will be optimized regarding implementation schedule for each task to reducetemporary occupation of land and impacts on environment. In addition, to minimize impacts onagricultural production caused by ROW and temporary occupation of land, construction should start afterharvests.

Line construction, tree cutting, site clearance, foundation works, material transportation, cablestringing... will cause certain impacts on environment. It is necessary to implement the following specificmitigation methods:

Tree cutting, ROW clearance:

Clearing methods should be selected to minimize impact of tree cutting and soil erosion. InVietnam, the use of herbicide is very restricted and normally not used for this kind of projects.According to the current practice, tree cutting will be selective using mechanical means so that theimpacts will be minimized. This method will strictly be applied for the components where transmissionlines have to traverse forests. After the construction is completed, trees with appropriate height and grasswill be replanted again in the foundation area and in the temporarily used areas for construction torestore original environment and reduce future soil erosion.

Temporary road requiredfor construction- Soil erosion prevention

Selection of temporary roads during construction progress was considered during design and willreconfirm before implementation. In order to avoid potential negative impacts on environments, it isnecessary to implement the following main mitigation methods:

- Access roads should avoid sensitive areas. Consultation and agreement with local authority on theselection of access road and proposed mitigation measures are to be done before construction start.

EIA I 10kV substation and transmission line in central region


- To avoid run off and sedimentation from grading for access road and alteration of hydrologicalpattern, the design and construction of assess road must be examined carefully and an appropriatewater drainage system will be considered and constructed when needed to avoid water spreadingcausing soil erosion. Sediment traps are to be installed where required to control sedimentation.

- After construction completion, most of access roads would be demolished. It is necessary to appliedmeasures for road restoration such as clearing and levelling the road surface, replanting grass andtrees to restore the original status.

All the measures will be included in the responsibilities of contractors.

Safety during construction

- According to the survey data, only at the site of 11 OkV Phu Cat-Phu My-Hoai Nhon T/Lis it possible that mine and bomb remain on the ground. In order to be ensure the safety,before handing over the route to construction party, the mine and bomb destroying workwill be conducted by specialized armed forces.

- Equipment and material or heavy equipment transportation must be handled by specialtransportation vehicles which should be checked before use in compliance with transportationsecurity regulation.

- During foundation and tower works, safety regulations will be strictly followed. As tower work- is a manual process, any remaining sand and broken stones must be cleared so that thre are no

impacts on future cultivations.

- Before starting works on foundations, it is necessary to coordinate with relevant agencies toidentify and avoid damage on water pipes, postal cables or power cables.

- Implementing safety methods as regulated during tower erection phase

- Facilities and equipment must be careful checked in terms of quality and quantity before use.Construction leader needs to appoint a person responsible for security supervision. This personwill check production equipment, labor protection facilities and remind every one for care.

Worker camps

Many camps need to be established due to characteristics of line construction. The appropriatelocation should be close to residential areas so that it is easier to get food, water provisions, as well ascommunication facilities. However, the sites for camps should not interfere the normal life of localpeople and need to be selected in agreement and consultation with local authority.

However, in some cases the construction will be carried out in difficult areas without localpopulation, temporary camps will be establish near the line and the works there will be optimized withlimited number of workers as possible.

During the construction, workers' health will be protected in accordance with specific regulationon health and hygiene methods. Each independent work -unit will appoint one personnel who has healthcompetence to take care issues such as helping, medical care, preventing and treating disease: typhoid,malaria, diarrhea, and other transmitted disease. Wastes from camps will be controlled and will bedisposed to places as agreed with local authority to avoid impacts to environment and to local residents.

Construction workers are prohibited to use trees or other materials from forest for cooking orheating.

EIA llOkVsubstation and transmission line in central region

Svstem EfficiencV ImDrovement. Equitization and Renewable Proiect (SEIER) -30-

Pollution caused by construction

Construction may create dust, noise and vibration, caused by transportation truck and constructionequipment.

To reduce pollution of dusts, for construction close to residential areas, load truck transportingmaterial on roads will be requested to be covered. Night works will be carefully considered in order toreduce noise to local residents. Construction sites are to water regularly to reduce dusts.

As the voltage level s is mainly designed at 110kv, 35kV, 22kV, noise caused by arcing flashoverin the light rain or humid condition are insignificant, so will not be considered.

Generally, in construction phase, with appropriate mitigation measures applied the projectnegative impacts would be low potential impacts.B. 110kV Substations

In order to avoid and eliminate pollution during site clearance and material transportation,specific vehicles, trucks covered or land watering methods would be used. Noise caused by constructionmachines may affect human activities in the surrounding areas. All construction machines should bechecked before use in compliance with operation security regulation. In case of machine causing highlevel noise, night shift should be limited (for locations near school) or forbidden (for locations nearhospital).

Rubbish and construction material waste must be disposed to appropriate places agreed earlierwith local authorities in order to ensure sanitation and avoid pollute local water and land. Water drainingsystem is to be built in compliance with industrial hygienic standards.

In order to avoid interruption of season crops, working schedule in locations within agriculturalareas should be selected suitably. If there is any canal belong to the local irrigation system located onsubstation areas, it is necessary to rebuild the irrigation system completely before site clearance.

Mitigation during construction are summarized in the following table:

Potential Impact Mitigating MeasuresTemporary land acquisition - Optimum arrangement for construction measures,

- Mitigating the time for temporary working several shifts in a day is scheduled in order toland acquisition. increase capacity and reduce time for temporary

acquisition of land. Construction start after harvest

Measures will be applied to limit tree cutting, soil fillingfor growing tree, grass will be planted after theconstruction period to minimize the impacts in thefuture. In the areas of soil erosion, after cutting all hightrees in ROW, other trees which is not higher than the

-Tree cutting work, ROW clearance permitted limitation of T/L will be maintained.Developer will be responsible for compensation foraffected crops and assets, for carrying out measures forenvironmental impact mitigation due to the projectconstruction.

The main mitigation measures are:

* Temporary service road will coincide with existing

EIA IIOkV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency /mprovement. Eguitization and Renewable Project (SEIER) -31-

road, if it is convenient in traffic.

* Access road to avoid running through forests, ponds

-Access road- Soil erosion *Road will be filled to avoid the land erosion

In agreement with local authorities in the proposed areaof the project.

- Mine clearance to be carried out before constructionstart.

- Hazards from war consequences

Impacts on safety to workers and To ensure the construction safety, the regulations andlocal residents norms on safety will be carried out strictly, as follow

Before operation, the quality and quantity of equipmentand instrument will inspected routinely.

The cord and ligament will be carefully checked whencraning the equipment and materials.

- It is necessary to have a ready fire fighting equipmentwhen installing transformer

- There will be warning signs during construction andfor substation sites.

Fire hazards Explosive materials will be applied in the substationconstruction but digging and filling measures are themain construction activity. Construction crews will besupplied with alternate cooking fuels, and will not beallowed to use forest resources for cooking.

Pollution caused by noise, dust and - Trucks to be covered in areas close to residentialvibration quarter. Construction sites are to be watered frequently

to reduce dust. Equipment/vehicles to be verified withpermitted level of noise and vibration

Workers camps The camps will be located on the abandoned land,nearby the proposed area. The camps will not be mixedwith local communities.

Health services to be provided in site to prevent theendemic diseases such as malaria, diarrhea andwaterbome diseases...

EIA lOkV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency Improvement, Eufitization and Renewable Project (SEIER) -32-

VI.3 During operation stage:

During operation, the provincial power service under PC3 will take over the environmentalmanagement.

ROW ManagementAccording to the project management scheme, Provincial Power Services shall examine and

supervise land utilization within ROW in provinces. Violations of land, trees within ROW areas must bechecked and prevented immediately.

Tree cutting to ensure safety regulation will be periodically. Tree cutting will be done by hand toreduce impacts on environment. The use of herbicide is prohibited. Local authorities, organizations andlandowners shall supervise tree cutting. -

- Regularly check erosion surround tower and prevent this through leveling the soil, replantinggrass or rebuilding the edge of foundation.

Access Roads- Soil erosion

Although many access roads for construction will be removed after project completion, thereremain some access roads that are required for inspection, reparation and periodical maintenancepurposes.

In addition, grass and trees must be planted in order to remain vegetation and avoid risk oferosion or landslides.

Pollution

To avoid oil or lubricant spillage, the substations were designed with suitable oil pit and oiltank. Regulations on monitoring and regular checking for possible oil spillage is required. Used oilshould be disposed according to the environment regulations.

Fire hazard:The substation is designed and equipped with fire detection and prevention according to Governmentregulations. All workers will be trained for fire prevention and fighting. There shall be regularmonitoring for compliance with fire prevention regulations.

EIA 110kV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency Imorovement. Equitization and Renewable Project (SEIER) -33-

CHAPTER VII: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

During selection of line routes and substation location, the consulting companies have carefully studieddifferent alternatives for each project on maps and at site and then carried out thorough investigation..

For substations site selection:Criteria for selection of substation sites are:- Closeness to load center;- Convenience to connect the substation to the existing network;- Lowest impacts on environment and local people;- In accordance with local planning and landscape.

Therefore, in many cases, there is only one option and no alternatives for substations are needed.Following are detailed information on selection of substations site for individual projects:

1. 11 OkV Dien Sanh substation and associated 11 OkV T/L branch (Quang Tri province)There are 2 alternatives considered:

- Alt. 1: substation is located in Truong Phuoc Village, Hai Lam commune HaiLang District, Quang Tri province

- Alt. 2: substation is located in Tan Dien Village, Hai Tho Commune, HaiLang District, Quang Tri province

Comparison is provided as follow:

Issue Alternative 1 Alternative 2 (selected)Land Residential land and a Land with planted

graveyard eucalyptusLength of associated 1,308 m with ROW of 1,292 with ROW oftransmission line branch 19,620 m2 19,380 m2Impacts on environment, graveyard to be removed, Eucalyptus cutting, noresettlement houses to be removed house to be removed

Alternative 2 is selected as it has less impacts on environment and on resettlement.The site has been agreed upon with the Provincial People's Committee.

2. IlOkV Khe Sanh substation and IlOkV T/L to the substation (of Quang Triprovince).There is only I alternatives considered . The substation is located in a coffee fieldbelong to Coffee Investment and Service Company. This site is the best on technicalterms and there is no house to be removed. The site has been agreed upon by thecompany and Quang Tri People's Committee. There will be 594 coffee trees to becut due to the project.

EIA I1OkV substation and transmission line in central region

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3. lOkV Krong Buk substation and llOkV T/L to the substation (of Dak Lakprovince).

Two alternatives were considered:- Alt. 1: Substation is located in an areas adjacent to the existing 220 kV

substation Krong Buk.- Alt. 2: Substation is located at about 50 m from the 35 kV substation

KoresVinaBoth sites are in Pong D'Rang commune, Krong Buk district at a distance of 1.3 kmfrom each other.Comparison is summarized in the following table:

Issues Alternative 1(selected) Alternative 2Land Coffee fields Coffee fieldsLength of associated 110 No need 1.3 km plus areas forkV branch outgoing feeder from the

existing 220 kV substation.ROW of 19,500 m2

Permanent acquired land 6,261 m2 of coffee land 4,424 m2 of coffee landplus ROW of 19,500 m2 ofrice and coffee land

Affected house No 7 houses to be removed

Alternative 1 is selected as it has less impacts on land use, tree cutting and onresidential houses.

4. 11 OkV Dien Khanh substation and I IOkV Nha Trang-Dien Khanh T/L (of KhanhHoa province).

2 alternatives were considered for substation site:- Alt. 1: Substation is located in a paddy field next to the 35kV substation Cau

Lung in Dien Thanh commune, Dien Khanh district, Khanh Hoa province.- Alt. 2: Substation is located in a crop land behind the 35 kV susbtation Cau

Doi, Dien Tho commune, Dien Khanh district, Khanh Hoa province.Comparison is provided in the following table:

Issues Alternative 1(selected) Alternative 2Land Paddy field Crop fieldLength of the associated 5 km with ROW of 75,000 14 km with ROW ofI I0 kV branch m2 210,000 m2Affected houses I 0 . 25 houses to be removedImpacts on other sites No Cross a river and national

I highway

Alternative I is selected as it will require much less ROW and have less impacts onlocal resident. It also have less impacts on the telecommunication system along thenational highway.


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5. 11 OkV Van Ninh ( Van Gia) substation and 11 OkV T/L to the substation (of KhanhHoa province).

2 alternatives were considered for substation site:- Alt. 1: Substation is located on a land of crops plantation and fruit trees

belongs to Tan Dan village,Van Thang commune, Van Ninh district, KhanhHoa province.

- Alt. 2: Substation is located at Hien Luong village, Van Luong commune,Van Ninh district, Khanh Hoa provine.

Comparison is provided in the following table:

Issues Alternative 1(selected) Alternative 2Land Crops field Crops field and fruit treesLength of the associated 93 m with ROW of 1,395 3.5 km with ROW of110 kV branch m2 52,500 m2Impacts on other sites No Diesel house to be removed

Alternative 1 is selected as it will require much less ROW and have less impacts onlocal resident. It also have less impacts on other sites.The site has been agreed upon by Khanh Hoa People's Committee.

6. 110kV Phong Dien substation and 110kV T/L to the substation (of Thua Thien-Hueprovince).

2 alternatives were considered for substation site:- Alt. 1: Substation is located on a land of eucalyptus plantation belongs to Tan

Lap village, Phong Dien town, Phong Dien district, Thua Thien Hueprovince.

- Alt. 2: Substation is located on vacant field belongs to Phong Diencommune, Phong Dien district, Thua Thien Hue province.

- Comparison is provided in the following table:

Issues Alternative 1(selected) Alternative 2Land Eucalyptus fields Vacant fieldsLength of the associated 1.338km with ROW of 1.4 km with ROW of110 kV branch 20,820 m2 21,000 m2Impacts on other sites No Located at planning

construction

Alternative I is selected as it will require much less ROW and have less impacts onlocal resident. It also have less impacts on other sites.The site has been agreed upon by Thua Thien Hue People's Committee.

7. 110kV Dai Loc substation and 110kV Da Nang-Dai Loc T/L (of Quang Namprovince).

EM II1OkV substation and transmission line in central region


2 alternatives were considered for substation site:- Alt. 1: Substation is located on vacant field belongs to Village 6, Ai Nghia

district, Quang Nam province.- Alt. 2: Substation is located at Village 5, Ai Nghia commune, Dai Loc

district, Quang Nam province.Comparison is provided in the following table:

Issues Alternative l(selected) Alternative 2Land Eucaplytus and paddy field Eucaplytus and paddy fieldLength of the associated 15.150 km with ROW of 14.906 km with ROW of110 kV branch 227,000 m2 223,590 m2Affected houses 6 14 houses to be removedTree cutting 610 tree Eucalyptus cutting 810 tree Eucalyptus cutting

Alternative 1 is selected as it has less impacts on land use, tree cutting and onresidential houses.

The site has been agreed upon by Quang Nam People's Committee.

trannsnission line iroute selection:

Two alternatives for the route lines are normally considered for comparison fortransmission line:

Criteria for route selection are as follow:

The route selected is as short as possible, the substation is suitably designed forminimum construction cost and land acquisition.

The transmission line should avoid concentrated residential and conservation areas byturnings. Though more turning angles means high cost, the compensation cost and delay wouldbe less.

The transmission line should be as closed to the transportation roads as possible tofacilitate material transport during construction and management and operation, meanwhilereduce land acquisition for access roads.

The transmission line should avoid areas with high trees such as industrial trees, plantedand natural forests so as not to impact the eco-system.

The transmission line should not traverse or be closed to important projects such asairports, mine warehouses, radio stations.

The transmission line should avoid slope sides to reduce landslide and erosion.The transmission line should avoid turnings as much as possible due to high cost of

angle towers.

8. 110kV Phu My substation and 110kV Phu Cat-Phu My-Hoai Nhon T/L (of Binh Dinhprovince).


System Efficiency Improvement. Eguitization and Renewable Proiect (SEIER) -37-

2 alternatives were considered for substation site:Alt. 1: Substation is located at eucaplytus field belongs to Chanh Thuan village, My

Trinh commune, Phu My district, Binh Dinh province.Alt. 2: Substation is located at crops field belongs to Chanh Thuan village, My Trinh

commune, Phu My district, Binh Dinh province.

Comparison is provided in the following table:Issues Alternative 1 (selected) Alternative 2Land Eucalytus field Crops fieldLength of the 50.35 km with 50.4 km with ROW

associated 1 10 kV branch ROW of 755,250 m2 of 756,000 m2Affected houses 27 27Impacts on other No Cross a signal line

sites of railway and training-I school for shooting

Alternative 1 is selected as it will require much less ROW and have less impacts on localresident. It also have less impacts on the telecommunication system along the railway.

Chapter VIII: PCBs disposal and management

The project is to construct new substations and transmission lines and will notrehabilitate of the existing facilities. The project will procure and install new and modem equipmentwithout PCB. Equipment manufactured before 1954 or equipment using PCB substance such astransformer, capacitor will not be used. A specific plan for disposal or management of PCBs thereforeshall not be required in the report.

EIA I10kV substation and transmission line in central region

System Efficiency Improvement, Epuitization and Renewable Proiect (SEIER) -38-

Chapter IX

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND CONSULTATION

World Bank (the Bank) policy regarding community involvement provided in detail in the WBPublic disclosure Policy BP 17.50. It is summarized as follows:

It requires that the borrower to publicly solicit, hear and consider the concerns of theiocal community, other affected groups and local NGOs (non-governmental organizations) andto fully incorporate into the design and implementation of the project and the EnvironmentalAssessment (EA). The rationale for consideration and incorporation of the concerns affectedparties is to assure community acceptance and enhance the viability of the project. The Bank hasfound that where such views have been successfully incorporated into the design and plan ofimplementation, the projects are more likely to be successful. The Bank has not foundcommunity participation to be an impediment to project execution. On the contrary, projects inwhich affected parties views have been excluded are more likely to suffer from delay and issuesresulting from community resistance.

Vietnam is a socialist country. The State is determined by the fundamental principle "ofpeople, from people andfor people". The democratic approach to the social management ofGOV is expressed in the basic principle of principle "people know, people discuss and peoplecontror' all activities of the Government.

To avoid negative impacts on project affected people. Governmental Decree N 175/CPissued on 18 April 1994 requires that all projects in the development of industry: energy,transport, water resource, agriculture, etc. should conduct a compliant ElA study meeting therequirements of the environmental management authorities and the contents of EIA reportsinclude predicted impacts and mitigation measures must be discussed with the PAP.

The PAPs will be provided with access to EIA and project summary so that theycan submit their comments and concerns to the project proponents through their authorizedrepresentatives, e.g. governmental agencies (the people Committee. People Council) and/orsocio-political organizations (Fatherland Front, Farmers Association, Women Union etc.) ornon-governmental organizations (e.g. Vietnam Association for the Conservation of the Natureand Environment, Biological Association, Economic Association, Foresters Association etc.).These organizations should collect all comments from the local people and send them to theenvironmental management authorities DOSTE at provincial level or MOSTE at central level oreven to provincial People's Council or National Assembly. During the environmental reviewprocess, all comments and requirements of the PAP should be discussed and conclusionsreported to the project proponents, so that the project can develop proper alternatives andimplement measures for mitigation of the negative impacts. The, project will receive aninvestment license, only after appropriate modification of location, design, capacity and/ortechnology of the project to meet the requirement of environmental protection and resettlement.

Involving affected people, especially the poor, often requires additional expenditures.The costs include travel and subsistence for attendance at meetings. Translation and expertadvice that the community needs to help to formulate a response to the proposal, etc. Such costs

EIA I Ok V substation and transmission line in central region


should be systematically budgeted. The EA team must ensure that issues raised in affectedcommunities are communicated to the other participants in the EA process, including variouspublic agencies and NGOs that may be in the larger process pf public consultation.

As the EA proceeds, the people in the affected area should be kept informed routinelyand systematically. Written material must be translated into local languages. Where many areunable to read, oral discussion and visual presentations sessions (often, by the resident socialpromoters or facilitators) should be used. Throughout the EA process, the project agency shouldcontinue seeking views from and providing feedback to the affected community.

Contents of Public Consultation meetings.

- PECC4 will inform the participants of the major technical and environmental issued ofthe project and mitigation measures.

- In the meetings all questions of PAP should be addressed, all recommendations andconcerns of PAP and PC should be recorded.

- List of participant should be noted with their signatures.- The use of drawings, pictures and recorders is recommended.

Materials to be presented in the meetings.

The Consultants will present the following materials:- Booklet/summery of F/S Report and EIA Report- Maps of the project site- Figures, tables, photos, pictures, etc. presenting the project activities.

IX.1. Aims of public consultation and information dissemination

Information dissemination to, consultation with and participation of affected people andinvolved agencies (i) reduce the potential for conflicts, (ii) minimize the risk of project delays,and (iii) enable the project to design the resettlement and rehabilitation program as acomprehensive development program to fit the needs and priorities of the affected people,thereby maximizing the economic and social benefits of the project investment.

Aims of public consultation and information dissemination are:

- Share all project descriptions, components, purposes as well as project negativeimpacts on environment and restoration and mitigation measures.

- Collect information on project environment, local people's concern on project ingeneral and on environmental aspects in particular.

- Find coordination and participation of local people in realizing impact risks as well assupervising the project activities.

- Reduce probability for social conflicts.- Reduce risk for project delay.- Help to establish a comprehensive environment management plan and thus, maximize

the project socio-economic benefit.

Public consultation and infornation dissemination was scheduled for 2 stages: projectpreparation and project implementation. Refer to the meeting list attached for details.

EIA 1lOkV substation and transmission line in central region

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IX.2. Public consultation and information dissemination during project preparationstage:

During project preparation stage, the following activities were carried out sequentially:

Phase I-Activity 1: Information & discussion with local authorities on the line route.

After studying maps and visiting the site, PECC 4 had envisaged a preliminary route on1/50,000 scale map. This map was sent to all locations passed by the line and relevant localauthorities. The local authorities have agreed on the project line routes. This activity was carriedout in 4. 10/2001.

Phase I - Activity 2: Impact survey and statistics

Based on the agreed line route, survey teams had realized the route at site, made thepiling and coordinated with the commune officials to make a list of PAPs' affected land andcrops. The socio-economic survey forms were delivered to affected households (for eachcommune) as basis for SLS. This activity was carried out in 4÷10/2001.

Phase I - Activity 3: Meetings with PAPs

When the survey finished, PECC 4 in coordination with the commune officials heldmeetings with PAPs having land in the line ROW and with village representatives. In thesemeetings, PECC 4 officials informed the participants of the project purposes; presented theproject impacts on land and crops and on environment in detail; introduce the mitigationmeasures.. PAPs were also consulted on the entitlement policy and people were advised not tobuild new structures in the line ROW . The measures on mitigation of impacts had beenaccepted.

Phase I - Activity 4: Meetings with the concerned PPCs

After working with the communes, in 4-10/2001 PECC 4 had sent missions to work withthe provincial functional agencies such as Financial and pricing service, Planning andinvestment service, Agriculture and rural development service, DOSTE, etc. and make theproject purposes clear to PPCs; at the same time discuss with local officials on the aims andprinciples of ground clearance, on the proposed policies of EIA, legal and illegal issue and thelocal organization working on resettlement and compensation; collect the local compensationrates for land and crops. . Records of the meetings with PPCs on route lines are provided inAnnex 5. Written agreement on the selected route lines are attached

Phase I - Activity 5: Consultation on EIA

Basing on the survey result, PECC4 team prepared draft EIA to submit to EVN, WB andconcerned PPCs for revision. In January, 2002, meetings with PAPs, NGOs and local authoritiesin the project sites were carried out for all subprojects to get feedback and comments on the

draft EIA. No major comments on environmental issues and findings of the EIA has been raisedduring the public consultation process. In general, the attendants of the meetings have agreed onthe mitigation measures proposed in the EIA. Records of the publi

World Bank Document...6. 1 1 OkV Krong Buk substation and branch Pong D'Rang commune-Krong Buk...

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