Workplace

Emotions and

Attitudes

Emotions

Psychological,

behavioral, and

physiological

episodes

experienced toward

an object, person or

event that create a

state of readiness.

Four Key Elements

of Emotions:

• Brief events or

episodes

• Directed toward

someone or

something

• Experiences

• State of readiness

Circumplex

Model of

Emotions

High

Low

Negative Positive

High-activation

negative

emotions

Low-

activation

negative

emotions

High-activation

positive

emotions

Low-activation

negative

emotions

Aroused, Astonished,Stimulated

DistressedFearfulJittery

EnthusiasticElatedExcited

BoredTired

Drowsy

RelaxedContent

Calm

Quiet, Tranquil,Still

UnhappySad

Gloomy

HappyCheerful

Delighted

Ac

tiva

tio

n

Evaluation

Attitudes are the

cluster of beliefs,

assessed feelings,

and behavioral

intentions toward a

person, object or

event.

Attitudes are

judgments, whereas

emotions are

experiences.

Attitudes

Three Components

of Attitude:

Beliefs

Feelings

Behavioral

intentions

Model of Emotions,

Attitudes, and

Behavior

Perceived Environment

Behavior

Beliefs

Behavioral

Intentions

Feelings Emotional

Episodes

Cognitive process Emotional process

Attitude

A psychological tension that

occurs when people

perceive an inconsistency

between their beliefs,

feelings, and behavior.

Cognitive

Dissonance

The effort, planning, and

control needed to express

organizationally desired

emotions during

interpersonal transactions.

Emotional

Labor

A conflict between a

person’s required and true

emotions.

Emotional

Dissonance

Surface acting

Deep acting

Ability to perceive and express

emotion, assimilate emotion in

thought, understand and reason

with emotion, and regulate emotion

in oneself and others.

Emotional

Intelligence

Dimensions of Emotional

Intelligence

Perceive, understand, and regulate

emotions

Self-awarenessSelf-managementSocial awarenessRelationship management

Job satisfaction• A person’s evaluation of his or

her job and work context.

• An appraisal of the perceived

job characteristics, work

environment and emotional

experiences at work.

Exit-voice-loyalty-neglect (ELVN) model

Continuance

Commitment

Organizational

Commitment

Employee’s emotional

attachment to, identification

in a particular organization.

A calculative decision to

remain with an organization

because quitting would be

costly.

Building Organizational Commitment

Justice and support

Trust

Shared valuesOrganizational

comprehensions

Employee involvement

The individual’s beliefs about

the terms and conditions of a

reciprocal exchange

agreement between that

person and another party.

Psychological

Contract

Transactional Contracts

Relational Contracts

Workplace

Emotions and

Attitudes