Wood chips production

in energy willow

plantations

Holland Alma Ltd.Holland Alma Ltd.

H-4375, Piricse, Rózsa TanyaH-4375, Piricse, Rózsa Tanya

www.hollandalma.huwww.hollandalma.hu

Woody energy cropsWoody energy crops

High biomass yieldHigh biomass yield Rapid growth start (1Rapid growth start (1stst – 3 – 3rdrd vegetation) vegetation) Can be effectively harvested with machinesCan be effectively harvested with machines Start shooting easilyStart shooting easily Have good regeneration potentialHave good regeneration potential Have long life-spanHave long life-span Have favourable firing technological Have favourable firing technological

parametersparameters

Suitable varietiesSuitable varieties Advantages and disadvantagesAdvantages and disadvantages

WillowsWillows (basket, white, violet (basket, white, violet speciesspecies and varieties) – wet and and varieties) – wet and fresh habitatsfresh habitats

PoplarsPoplars – fresh habitats – fresh habitats AcaciaAcacia – dry habitats – dry habitats Other speciesOther species

Technology – field selectionTechnology – field selection

Selection of „wet” habitatsSelection of „wet” habitats Fields that are not suitable for effective crop Fields that are not suitable for effective crop

productionproduction May come into question on fields of better qualMay come into question on fields of better qualiity, ty,

BUT!BUT! High salinity or high lime content exclude the High salinity or high lime content exclude the

successful productionsuccessful production High clay content and plasticity hinder the successful High clay content and plasticity hinder the successful

production, as wellproduction, as well High soil water level,High soil water level, too much vegetation precipitationtoo much vegetation precipitation At least 2% humusAt least 2% humus

Technology - PreparationTechnology - Preparation

Typical pre-crops are:Typical pre-crops are: Maize, other cereals, Maize, other cereals, grasslandgrassland

AimAim: to prepare a soil that is 30-40 cm deep : to prepare a soil that is 30-40 cm deep ploughed, free of weeds and plant residues ploughed, free of weeds and plant residues until early springuntil early spring

Until December the soil has to be ready to Until December the soil has to be ready to plant state!plant state!

Technológia - Technológia - szaporítóanyagszaporítóanyag

Technology – propagation material

Quality!!!

Technology - PlantingTechnology - Planting

(Only) (early) spring(Only) (early) spring Between 10th March and the end of AprilBetween 10th March and the end of April Planting distabce 1.5-0.75x0.65 mPlanting distabce 1.5-0.75x0.65 m 14700 pc/ha14700 pc/ha With cuttings in dormant stateWith cuttings in dormant state Hand and machine solutionsHand and machine solutions Orientation, compressionOrientation, compression Weed control at once (linuron + S-metholachlor)Weed control at once (linuron + S-metholachlor)

Correct planting depthCorrect planting depth

Orientation! Depth! Compression! Paraffin! Weed-control!

In case we see more than one cm from the cutting,

there’s been made a mistake during the

planting

The The warm weather brings its warm weather brings its effecteffect

Parallel to the budding the plant produces additional roots

on the whole surface of the cutting, while on the bottom of the cutting callus texture will

be produced

The aim = to keep the plantation The aim = to keep the plantation free of weeds until Julyfree of weeds until July

One week old plant. The

effect of herbicide can

be seen

The aim = to keep the plantation The aim = to keep the plantation free of weeds until Julyfree of weeds until July

Two week old plant. The effect of the herbicide can

still be seen.

The aim = to keep the The aim = to keep the plantation plantation free of weeds free of weeds

until Julyuntil JulyIn case the herbicides were not

effective…

… we have to use the

cultivatorPlantation of Mr. Sándor Nagy - Érpatak

The aim = to keep the plantation The aim = to keep the plantation free of weeds until Julyfree of weeds until July

Mother planatation of the Holland Alma Ltd.

July 2008 Piricse

Height growth in the first Height growth in the first vegetationvegetation

The growth of the first year can reach even five metres under

favourable conditions!

Height growth in the first Height growth in the first vegetation after one harvestvegetation after one harvest

Height growth in the second vegetation of the plantation

1,85 m

6-8

met

res!

Thickness conditions in the Thickness conditions in the second yearsecond year

5 cm

6 cm

In the second year thickness growth can reach 5-6 cm. 75-80%

of the two-year biomass is produced

then!

Harvest with a chipper machineHarvest with a chipper machine

Row distance is adjusted to the gauge

of the harvesting machines

The harvesting machineThe harvesting machine

HarvestHarvest

At which age shall we harvest?

In which month shall we harvest?

Limits of the machine

How to organize?

Wood Wood chips will be dried afield!chips will be dried afield!

In the inside of the chips prism there’s a temperature of 60-70°C.

The material dries to a water content of 35%, that is already

economical to be transported at. There’s no spontaneous

combustion! Safeguarding!

After harvestAfter harvest

Acacia

After harvestAfter harvest

Poplar (Monviso)

After harvestAfter harvest

Willow variety Olof

After harvestAfter harvest

Willow variety Inger

After harvestAfter harvest

Willow variety Olof

After harvestAfter harvest

It is onlyIt is only possible to apply effective possible to apply effective nutrient-supply and plant protection nutrient-supply and plant protection measurements in the few months aftermeasurements in the few months after harvestharvest

Manure, sewage sludgeManure, sewage sludge BacteriaBacteria preparationspreparations Problems of nutrient supplyProblems of nutrient supply

Costs of the establishment Costs of the establishment (HUF/ha(HUF/ha))

Basic soil cultivationBasic soil cultivation Nutrient supplyNutrient supply Cultivation before plantingCultivation before planting Propagation materialPropagation material PlantingPlanting HerbicideHerbicide Weed-controlWeed-control CultivationCultivation HoeingHoeing HarvestHarvest TOTAL:TOTAL:

25 00025 000 30 00030 000 7 5007 500 265 000265 000 30.00030.000 30 00030 000 5 5005 500 12 50012 500 30 00030 000 50 00050 000 485 500 485 500 (450 000 – 550 000)(450 000 – 550 000)

Revenues of the activity Revenues of the activity until the first harvest until the first harvest

(HUF/ha)(HUF/ha) Revenues apart from Revenues apart from

productionproduction Plantation establishment Plantation establishment

grantgrant Field area based grantField area based grant

RevenueRevenuess arising arising from productionfrom production Yield - 40 t absolute Yield - 40 t absolute

dry matter/2 yearsdry matter/2 years 15 000 HUF/ton15 000 HUF/ton

• 200 000200 000• 90 000 (two years)90 000 (two years)

600 000600 000

TOTAL: 890 000 HUF

Result of the activity (HUF/ha)Result of the activity (HUF/ha)

Revenues until the end of the second Revenues until the end of the second year:year: 890 000890 000

Planting and cultivation costs:Planting and cultivation costs: 485 500485 500

Financial resultFinancial result :: 404 500/2 404 500/2 yearsyears

(With maximized cost and minimized revenue rates)

Advantages and disadvantages of Advantages and disadvantages of the activitythe activity

AdvantagesAdvantages Is profitable even where field Is profitable even where field

crop production is not any crop production is not any more.more.

Occupies unused territory.Occupies unused territory. Is profitable even without Is profitable even without

grants within two years.grants within two years. Long-term profitable Long-term profitable

investment.investment. Environmental advantagesEnvironmental advantages Establishes workplacesEstablishes workplaces Means no concurrence to Means no concurrence to

food and fodder productionfood and fodder production Safe demand on the marketSafe demand on the market

DisadvantageDisadvantage Post-financedPost-financed

21214 J/kg

18998 J/kg

Willows give warm in winter…

…and shadow in summer

Thank you for your attention!