WNISR2018 PRÉAMBULE€¦ · PRÉAMBULE THE WORLD NUCLEAR INDUSTRY STATUS REPORT 2018 A Mycle...

WNISR2018

Mycle Schneider Consulting Grenoble le 19 Février 2019

PRÉAMBULE

THE WORLD NUCLEARINDUSTRYSTATUS REPORT 2018

A Mycle Schneider Consulting ProjectParis, London, September 2018

Au cas où vous vous interrogez sur la couv’...

WNISR2018


Mycle SchneiderConsultant international indépendant sur l’énergie et la politique nucléaire, Paris

Auteur principal et éditeur du WNISR

World Nuclear Industry Status Report 2018(WNISR2018) Update Janvier 2019

www.WorldNuclearReport.org

Grenoble, 19 Février 2019

http://www.worldnuclearreport.org/

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE — DÉMARRAGES ET ARRÊTS DE RÉACTEURS

5

10

15

20

25

30

20192015201020052000199519901985198019751970196519601954

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

© WNISR - Mycle Schneider Consulting

Reactor Startups and Shutdowns in the Worldin Units, from 1954 to 1 January 2019

YearlyBalance

Reactor Startups

Reactor Shutdowns

Sources: WNISR, with IAEA-PRIS, 2019

WNISR2018


5

10

15

20

25

30

20182015201020052000199519901985198019751970196519601954

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0


Reactor Startups and Shutdowns in the Worldin Units, from 1954 to 2018

Reactor Shutdowns

China Rest of the WorldReactor Startups

All Countries (No Chinese in Total)

VUE GLOBALE — DÉMARRAGES ET ARRÊTS… CHINE

4


WNISR2018


UE28 — DÉMARRAGES ET ARRÊTS DE RÉACTEURS

5

15

182015201020052000199519901985198019751970196519601956

-10

-5

0

10© WNISR - Mycle Schneider Consulting

Reactor Startups and Shutdowns in the EU28in Units, from 1956 to 2018

YearlyBalance

Reactor Startups

Reactor Shutdowns

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE – DONNÉES OFFICIELLES FALLACIEUSES 1

6

Source: IAEA-PRIS, Screenshot, 18 February 2019

⬇

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE – DONNÉES OFFICIELLES FALLACIEUSES 2

7

Source: IAEA-PRIS, Screenshot, 2 September 2018

⬇

Source: IAEA-PRIS, Screenshot, 18 February 2019

WNISR2018


FOCUS JAPON

8

Sources: Various sources, compiled by WNISR, 2018

© WNISR - Mycle Schneider Consulting0

50

100

150

200

250

300

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

7/18201520102005200019951990198519801975197019651963

Electricity Generation in TWh Nuclear Capacity in GW

Rise and Fall of the Japanese Nuclear Program - 1963 to July 2018

Capacity

Generation

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE – Long-Term Outage (LTO)

9

WNISR Defini,on of LTO

“A nuclear power reactor is considered in Long-Term Outage (LTO),

if it has not generated any power in the enNre previous calendar year

and in the first semester of the current calendar year of the WNISR.”

-------------28 Reactors in LTO as of 1 January 2019

• 25 reactors in Japan, shut down between 2007 and 2012. Only 9 operaNng.

• 1 reactor in ArgenNna (Embalse)

• 1 reactor in China (CEFR)

• 1 reactors in India (Kakrapar-1)

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE — RÉACTEURS/CAPACITÉ EN SERVICE


10

WNISR2018


UE28 — RÉACTEURS ET CAPACITÉ EN SERVICE

11


0

50

100

150

Operable capacity

1820152010200520001995199019851980197519701965196019560

50

100

150


Nuclear Reactors and Net Operating Capacity in the EU 28 in Units and GWe, from 1956 to 2018

Reactors in Operation

Operating Capacity

Units GWe

12/2018118 GWe

126 Reactors

1989124.4 GWe

177 Reactors

2000Maximum Operating

Capacity: 136.8 GWe 1988

Maximum Number of Reactors: 177

WNISR2018


Sources: IAEA-PRIS, BP, 2018

VUE GLOBALE — PRODUCTION ET RÔLE DU NUCLÉAIRE

12

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0

5

10

15

17201520102005200019951990 0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

17201520102005200019951990

© WNISR - Mycle Schneider Consulting© WNISR - Mycle Schneider Consulting

Nuclear Electricity Production 1990-2017In the World...in TWh (net) and Share in Electricity Generation (gross)

...and in China and the Rest of the World in TWh (net)

1996Maximum : 17.5%

TWh

Sharein %

2017Production: 2,503 TWh

Share:10.3%

2006Maximum:

2,660 TWh

TWh

2015-2017Since 2014, without China's contribution,

world nuclear production has declined.In 2017, it increased by 1% globally, but

fell by 0.4% outside ChinaNuclear Share

Nuclear ElectricityProduction

ChinaRest ofthe World

WNISR2018


2014

800 600 400 200 0

Armenia

Netherlands

Argentina

Slovenia

Iran

Pakistan

Mexico

Romania

Slovakia

Brazil

Bulgaria

South Africa

Hungary

Switzerland

Taiwan

Finland

Czech Rep.

Japan

India

Belgium

Spain

Sweden

UK

Germany

Ukraine

Canada

South Korea

Russia

China

France

USA

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Iran

Brazil

Netherlands

India

Japan

China

Argentina

Mexico

Pakistan

South Africa

Taiwan

Germany

Canada

Romania

Russia

UK

USA

Spain

South Korea

Armenia

Czech Rep.

Finland

Switzerland

Bulgaria

Slovenia

Sweden

Belgium

Hungary

Slovakia

Ukraine

France


2005

2002

2003

1986

2014

1996

2005

1996

1986

2009

1987

2013

1989

1997

1995

2015

2009

1994

1988

1989

1989

1990

2017

1986

2001

1998

201520102005

1994

2001

1999

2004

2001

1999

1998

2007

2017

2015

2011

2017

Nuclear Production in 2016/2017 and Historic Maximumin TWh and Share In Electricity Production

TWh Percentage

20162017Historic MaximumHistoric Maximum Year1998

Sources: IAEA-PRIS, BP, 2018

VUE GLOBALE – PRODUCTION ET RÔLE DU NUCLÉAIRE

13

(Top 21)

2014

800 600 400 200 0

Armenia

Netherlands

Argentina

Slovenia

Iran

Pakistan

Mexico

Romania

Slovakia

Brazil

Bulgaria

South Africa

Hungary

Switzerland

Taiwan

Finland

Czech Rep.

Japan

India

Belgium

Spain

Sweden

UK

Germany

Ukraine

Canada

South Korea

Russia

China

France

USA

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Iran

Brazil

Netherlands

India

Japan

China

Argentina

Mexico

Pakistan

South Africa

Taiwan

Germany

Canada

Romania

Russia

UK

USA

Spain

South Korea

Armenia

Czech Rep.

Finland

Switzerland

Bulgaria

Slovenia

Sweden

Belgium

Hungary

Slovakia

Ukraine

France


2005

2002

2003

1986

2014

1996

2005

1996

1986

2009

1987

2013

1989

1997

1995

2015

2009

1994

1988

1989

1989

1990

2017

1986

2001

1998

201520102005

1994

2001

1999

2004

2001

1999

1998

2007

2017

2015

2011

2017

Nuclear Production in 2016/2017 and Historic Maximumin TWh and Share In Electricity Production

TWh Percentage

20162017Historic MaximumHistoric Maximum Year1998

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE — CONSTRUCTIONS


14

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE — CONSTRUCTIONS

15

Nuclear Reactors “Under Construc2on” (as of 1 July 2018)

Sources: Compiled by WNISR, 2018

WNISR2018



1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 1954 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 7/180

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Duration in YearsAverage Annual ConstructionTimes in the World from 1954 to 1 July 2018by Grid Connection Date

Number of Reactors

1 5 10 20 30

VUE GLOBALE – DURÉE DE CONSTRUCTION


16

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE — DURÉES DE CONSTRUCTION

17

Reactor Construc-on Times of 53 Units Started-up 2008–7/2018

Sources: WNISR, with IAEA-PRIS, WNA, 2018

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE — DÉBUTS ET ABANDONS DE CONSTRUCTIONS


18

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE — DÉBUTS DE CONSTRUCTIONS… CHINE


WNISR2018


CONSTRUCTION STARTS AND CANCELATIONS


20

VUE UE28 — DÉBUTS DE CONSTRUCTIONS

1

WNISR2018


VUE GLOBALE — RÉPARTITION DES ÂGES

21



as of 1 July 2018

0–10 Years11–20 Years21–30 Years31–40 Years41 Years and Over

Reactor Age

50 Number of Reactors by Age Class

Age of World Nuclear Fleet

413 reactorsMean Age:29.9 years

54

35

70

177

77

WNISR2018


UE28 — RÉPARTITION DES ÂGES


as of 1 July 2018

0–10 Years11–20 Years21–30 Years31–40 Years41 Years and Over

Reactor Age

50 Number of Reactors by Age Class

Age of EU Nuclear Fleet

125 reactorsMean Age:33.4 years

16

28

78

12


WNISR2018


FRANCE — RÉPARTITION DES ÂGES


WNISR2018


FOCUS FRANCE – ARRÊTS DE TRANCHE 1ER SEM. 2018

0

5

10

15

20

25

0

5

10

15

20

25Units GW

25/0618/0611/0604/0628/0521/0514/0507/0530/0423/0416/0409/0402/0426/0319/0312/0305/0326/0219/0212/0205/0229/0122/0115/0108/0101/01


Unavailability of French Nuclear Reactors in 2018Maximum number of reactors offline for each week during the first half-yearin Units and Capacity

Reactors offline

Capacity

French Nuclear Fleet: 58 Reactors / 63.1 GW

22.6 GW20 Units

22.4 GW20 Units

19.7 GW18 Units

Sources: EDF, 2018

WNISR2018


FOCUS FRANCE – ARRÊTS DE TRANCHE 1ER SEM. 2018

Paluel-2St Alban-2

Gravelines-6Cruas-2

Fessenheim-2Civaux-2

Flamanville-1Belleville-2

Bugey-4Chinon-4

Dampierre-2Tricastin-4

Cattenom-2Cattenom-3

Blayais-3Penly-2

Cattenom-1Cruas-4

Tricastin-1Paluel-1

Gravelines-4Blayais-2

Tricastin-2Golfech-2

Gravelines-2Gravelines-5St Laurent-1

St Alban-1Dampierre-4

Golfech-1Cattenom-4

Nogent-1Flamanville-2

Cruas-3Chooz-2

Gravelines-1St Laurent-2

Cruas-1Chinon-3Nogent-2

Dampierre-1Chooz-1Bugey-3

Blayais-4Paluel-4

Gravelines-3Belleville-1

Chinon-1Tricastin-3

Blayais-1Paluel-3


Unavailability of French Nuclear Reactors in 2018Time offline during the first half-year

Days per Reactor

0 50 100 150 Days

The number of outage days of 51 reactorsof France's fleet totals 2,216 during thefirst half-year of 2018.What looks as essentially planned outagesare in reality frequently significantly extendedoutages into durations that were never planned(see Box on Paluel-2).

Reactors

PlannedForced

Sources: EDF, 2018

WNISR2018


23 July 2018Paluel-2 Reconnected to the Grid

Total Unavailability: 1,164 Days

200 400 600 800 1 0002018201720162015

0

123456789

101112131415161718192021222324252627

Days

31 March 2016Steam Generator DroppedOn 02/04/16, UnavailabilityProlonged to 31/12/16

15 May 2015Expected Unavailability:16/05/15 - 21/01/16 (250 days)

Forecasting Paluel-2 Restart - A Moving TargetNumber of outage schedule-revisions since shutdown and number of outage days


26/71/8

5/1128/1

5/32/4

14/47/6

7/116/6

11/827/10

5/29/5

11/618/619/6

26/62/714/716/720/720/722/723/723/7

Revision Date of revision

Outage Timeto Date

ScheduledRemaining

Outage Time

FOCUS FRANCE – PLANIFICATION ERRATIQUE D’EDF

26

Sources: EDF 2018

WNISR2018


FOCUS ALLEMAGNE

27

0

30

60

90

120


NuclearReduction

-64

Fossil FuelReduction

-28

RenewablesIncrease

113

Main Evolution of the German Power System between 2010 and 2017in TWh

Nuclear and Fossil FuelGeneration Reductions

as well as Export Increase...

... are Covered by Consumption Decrease and

Renewable Production Increase

Net ExportIncrease

37

ConsumptionDecrease

-16

Sources WNISR, based on AGEB 2018

WNISR2018


FOCUS USA – 18 “FERMETURES PRÉMATURÉES” 2009-25

28

Sour

ces:

Vario

us so

urce

s com

pile

d by

WNI

SR

WNISR2018


STATUS REPORT DÉMANTÈLEMENT

29

Sources: Various, complited by WNISR 2018

Overview of Decommissioning Status in Six Selected Countries

WNISR2018


STATUS REPORT DÉMANTÈLEMENT

30

Sources: WNISR and IAEA-PRIS, 2018

WNISR2018


PAYS “NEWCOMER” POTENTIELS

Sour

ces:

Vario

us, c

ompi

led

by W

NISR

, 201

8

WNISR2018


INTERDÉPENDANCES CIVILES-MILITAIRES

32

Sources: Andy Stirling, Phil Johnstone, WNISR, with WNA, 2018

• Les puissances militaires mondiales sont les plus engagées dans les programmes de nouvelles construcOons.

• Il n’y a pas de puissance militaire mondiale ou régionale qui n’ait pas d’histoire nucléaire civile.

• Aucun pays qui a un moratoire ou une poliOque de sorOe du nucléaire ne déOent d’armes ou de sous-marins nucléaires ou n’a de plan pour l’une de ces opOons.

WNISR2018


PERSISTANCE INTRIGANTE DE L’OPTION NUCLÉAIRE

• Les liens entre le nucléaire civil et militaire sont bien étudiés notamment dans la production de matières nucléaires spéciales (plutonium, uranium hautement enrichi, tritium).

• Mise en évidence récente : les interdépendances dans l’industrie des sous-marins nucléaires – considérés essentiels pour une « place à table » au Conseil de Sécurité de l’ONU.

• Ces deux dernières années : de multiples rapports soulignant la nécessité du maintien du nucléaire civil dans l’intérêt de la sécurité nationale (incl. Moniz aux US; Roll Royce en GB; rapport pour Nicolas Hulot en France).

WNISR2018


DÉVELOPPEMENT NUCLÉAIRE VERSUS RENOUVELABLES

34

Sources: FS-UNEP/BNEF 2018 and WNISR Original Research

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

20172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052004© W

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Global Investment Decisions in New Renewables and Nuclear Power in US$ billion, 2004-2017

Other RenewablesSolarWindNuclear

WNISR2018


0

50

100

150

200

250

300Asia (excl. China and India)IndiaChina

Middle East and AfricaEurope

Americas (exclu. US and Brazil)Brazil

US

20172016201520142013201220112010200920082007200620052004

NuclearRenewable

© W

NIS

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Myc

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chn

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g

Regional Breakdown of Nuclear and Renewable Energy Investments in US$ Billion, 2004-2017

NUCLEAR POWER VS. RENEWABLES DEPLOYMENT

61

Sources: FS-UNEP,BNEF 2018 and WNISR Original Research

WNISR2018


DÉVELOPPEMENT RENOUVELABLES – TOP TEN

35

Sources: FS-UNEP /BNEF, 2018, 2017, 2015

0

25

50

75

100

1252017

2016

2015

SwedenMexicoBrazil (*)UKAustraliaGermanyIndia (*)JapanUSA (*)China (*)© WNISR - Mycle Schneider Consulting

Top 10 Countries for Renewable Energy Investment 2015-2017in US$ billion

(*) Updated data for 2015, 2016 and 2017 from FS-UNEP 2018 Report

WNISR2018



36

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

WindUtility Scale Solar (²)Gas - Combined CycleCoalNuclear

2017 11.0

2016 10.0

2015 9.0

2014 8.0

2013 7.0

2012 6.0

2011 5.0

2010 4.0

2009 3.0


Selected Historical Mean Costs by Technology LCOE values in US$/MWh (¹)

20%

-8%

-27%-86%-67%

Lazard LCOE VersionsSources: Lazard Estimates, 2017

WNISR2018


0

201720142012201020082006200420022000

0

2017201420122010200820062004200220001998

© W

NIS

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Myc

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chn

eide

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onsu

ltin

g

© W

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Wind

Solar

Nuclear

Capacity Added Since 2000in GWe net

Wind

Solar Nuclear

Annual ProductionCompared to 1997

in TWh/year

167

-23

3

226

2535

221

285

334

399

497

450

252

66

22

100

178

137

302

399

Wind, Solar and Nuclear Developments: Installed Capacity and Electricity Production in the World

20

100

5 33

259327

442366

180294

289

397

241 239

512

51121

948

820

634

264

1 111

Nuclear(excl. LTO)

37

Sources: WNISR, IAEA-PRIS, BP Statistical Review 2018


WNISR2018


201720142012201020082006200420022000 2017201420122010200820062004200220001998

© W

NIS

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Myc

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chn

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onsu

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g

© W

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Wind

Solar

Nuclear

Capacityin GWe

Wind

Solar

Nuclear

Electricity Productionin TWh/year

363 374

327

370 361 385353

3057

221

417

515

468

103

22

66

101178

227

400

Wind, Solar and Nuclear Installed Capacity and Electricity Production in the World

6 21

260101

328443

2 6302 553

2 661

2 5052 346

2 4442 503

133

276342

524646

959832

63

1 123

Nuclear (excl. LTO)

350

2 264


38


WNISR2018



39

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000Non-hydro renewablesHydroCoal

GasOilNuclear

201720152013201120092007

>3 000

>1 5001 470

980

-110 -200


Power Generation in the WorldAnnual Production Compared to 2007 in added TWh by Source

Sources: BP Statistical Review 2018

WNISR2018



40

201720142012201020082006200420022000 201720142012201020082006200420022000

© W

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© W

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Wind

Solar

Nuclear

Capacityin GWe

Wind

Solar Nuclear

Production in TWh/year

2 8713 19

27

35

18

46

97

132

164

149

77

7

28

44

78

131

Installed Wind, Solar and Nuclear Capacity and Production in China 2000-2017

4 16

44

24

62

108124

16

6650

161

198

233

28

70

96

141156

237

186

4

286


WNISR2018



41

0

201720142012201020082006200420022000

0

2017201420122010200820062004200220001998

© W

NIS

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Myc

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g

© W

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Wind

Solar

Nuclear

Capacity Added Since 2000in GWe net

Wind

Solar

Nuclear


in TWh/year

-16-6

94

-17

-19

21

51

93

127

155

140

35

22

66

8071

100106

Wind, Solar and Nuclear Developments: Installed Capacity and Electricity Production in the EU

37

126

9775

245231

296

355

-47

45

-42

79

-32

60

-91

71

423

1089786

46

120

Nuclear(excl. LTO)


WNISR2018


201720142012201020082006200420022000 201720142012201020082006200420022000

© W

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© W

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Wind

Solar

Nuclear

Capacityin GWe Wind

Solar Nuclear

Production in TWh/year

3

2

4 5

6

2

6

10

13

20

25

33

29

16

1 35

9

19

Installed Wind, Solar and Nuclear Capacity and Production in India 2000-2017

0.8 1.4

2.8 6.64.9

11.6

21.520

29

14

18

15

30

35

3

9

1419

24

43

27

33

53


42


WNISR2018



43

Sources: DOE-EIA, 2018

201720142012201020082006200420022000 201720142012201020082006200420022000

© W

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g

© W

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Wind

Solar

Nuclear


in net added TWh

Wind

Solar

Nuclear

Annual Production2000-2017in net TWh

26

10

3543

53

15

51

12

68

29

89

115

162

176 185

249

221

135

1728

38

54

76

Wind, Solar and Nuclear Developments in the United States 2000-2017

1055

30

77

770

754

764

806788 807 805

18

95

34

141191

254

WNISR2018


CONCLUSIONS

44

• Augmentation très modeste de la production nucléaire, surtout due à la Chine.• Déclin continu du rôle du nucléaire.• Différentiel de coût croissant entre le nucléaire et les renouvelables.• Neuf des 31 pays producteurs de courant nucléaire produisent plus d’électricité avec les renouvelables qu’avec le nucléaire. • Augmentation de capacité de production nucléaire insignifiante dans le contexte du marché mondial (1 GW net contre 257 GW au total en 2017).• Déclin des débuts de construction : 15 en 2010, 5 en 2018, aucun nouveau chantier de réacteur commercial en Chine depuis 2016.• Démantèlement à ses débuts. Seulement 10 des 173 réacteurs arrêtés démantelés entièrement (« green field »).• Motivations pour l’investissement continu toujours pas claires, les interdépendances civiles-militaires sont vues comme des stimulants possibles.• Nouveau nucléaire—et de plus en plus le nucléaire existant—est plus cher (€/MWh) que l’efficacité, le solaire et l’éolien et contribue donc à l’effet de serre.• Le nucléaire existant s’avère une barrière très puissante à toute innovation.

Mycle Schneider Consulting

Mycle Schneider works as independent international consultant on energy and nuclear policy. He is the initiator and Convening Lead Author of the World Nuclear Industry Status Reports. He is the Coordinator of the Seoul International Energy Advisory Council (SIEAC) and the Spokesperson for IEAC. He is a member of the International Panel on Fissile Materials (IPFM), based at Princeton University, USA. In 2010-2011, he acted as Lead Consultant for the Asia Clean Energy Policy Exchange, implemented by IRG, funded by USAID, with the focus of developing a policy framework to boost energy efficiency and renewable energies. Between 2004 and 2009 he has been in charge of the Environment and Energy Strategies Lecture of the International Master of Science for Project Management for Environmental and Energy Engineering at the Ecole des Mines in Nantes, France.

From 2000 to 2010 he was an occasional advisor to the German Environment Ministry. 1998-2003 he was an advisor to the French Environment Minister’s Office and to the Belgian Minister for Energy and Sustainable Development. Mycle Schneider has given evidence or held briefings at national Parliaments in 14 countries and at the European Parliament. He has advised Members of the European Parliament from four different groups over the past 26 years. He has given lectures or had teaching appointments at 20 universities and engineering schools in 10 countries.Mycle Schneider has provided information and consulting services to a large variety of clients including international institutions and organizations, think tanks and NGOs.In 1997 he was honoured with the Right Livelihood Award (“Alternative Nobel Prize”).

ThankYou! Contact: [email protected] www.WorldNuclearReport.org

www.worldnuclearreport.org

www.ieac.info

www.fissilematerials.org

https://www.usaid.gov/

http://rightlivelihood.org/

WNISR2018


ANNEXES

46

WNISR2018


AIEA : “RISQUES D’UN DÉCLIN”

New IAEA Energy Projections See Possible Shrinking Role for Nuclear Power

Nuclear power’s electricity generating capacity risks shrinking in the coming decades as ageing reactors are retired and the industrystruggles with reduced competitiveness, according to a new IAEA report.

AIEA,10 septembre2018

WNISR2018



LIFETIME PROJECTIONS

47

206320602055205020452040203520302025202020180

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

-15

-10

-5

5

10

15

5

10

15

5

10

15


Number ofReactorsCapacity in GWe

YearlyBalance

Reactor Startups

Reactor ShutdownsCapacity Added Capacity Shut Down

Projection 2018-2063 of Nuclear Reactor Numbers/Capacity in the World General assumption of 40-year mean lifetime Operating and Under Construction in the World, as of 1 July 2018, in GWe and Units

2018-2020–12 Reactors

–2 GW

2041-2050–28 Reactors

–22 GW

2021-2030–190 reactors–168.5 GW

2031-2040–76 Reactors

–67.5 GW

2051-2063–97 reactors–92.5 GW

WNISR2018



LIFETIME PROJECTIONS

48

WNISR2018



19801970 19851975 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 17

USA - 42

Total - 94

Ukraine - 6

Taïwan - 2

Spain - 4Sweden - 1

Russia - 12

Romania - 3

Poland - 2

Philippines - 1N. Korea - 1

Lithuania - 1

Japan - 1

Italy - 3

Iran - 1

Germany - 6

Czech Rep. - 2

Cuba - 2

Bulgaria - 2

Brazil - 1

Austria - 1

2 2 2 5 11 5 13 3 9 3 12 3 2 9 1 1 1 1 2 23 1

in Units by Cancellation Year and CountryAbandoned Reactor Constructions from 1970 to 1 July 2018

North America Latin America Europe Asia and Middle East

1

CONSTRUCTION STARTS AND CANCELLATIONS

53

Sources: WNISR, with IAEA, and various sources, 2018

WNISR2018


© W

NIS

R -

Myc

le S

chn

eide

r C

onsu

ltin

g

Wind

PV

NaturalGas

OtherRenewables

Coal

FuelOil

Nuclear

15.6

6.0

2.6 2.3 1.7

-1.8 -0.6

-2.3

-7.5

-2.2

Startup and Shutdown of Electricity Generating Capacity in the EU in 2017 by Energy Source in GWe


54

Sources: WindEurope, WNISR, 2018

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