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Willis Island Building Rectification

Environmental Plan for Contractors

Willis Island Building Rectification Environmental Plan for Contractors

Published by the Bureau of Meteorology 2013

Commonwealth of Australia 2012 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior written permission from the Bureau of Meteorology. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Publishing Unit, Bureau of Meteorology, GPO Box 1289, Melbourne 3001. Requests for reproduction of material from the Bureau website should be addressed to AMDISS, Bureau of Meteorology, at the same address.


i

Revision history

Date Version Description Author

06-03-2013 V1.0 Approved D Aylward & S Arblaster

Release history

Date Version Status Audience Approval

06/03/2013 V1.0 Approved External As per release signatories

Document management register

Document File reference

25/008002 Construction Building Rectification Willis Island QLD

Review Status

Reviewer Date Reviewed Version Reviewed

Project Manager Orion Law 17-02-2013 V0.1, V0.2 & V0.3

Contractor Representative - GHD 20-02-2013 V0.2

Release Signatories

Approval Name Signature Date

Project Manager Orion Law

Manager WHS&E Sue Allen


ii

Contact details

Darryl Aylward

ES Section Planning Coordinator

Bureau of Meteorology

GPO Box 1289 MELBOURNE VIC 3001

Phone: 96694672

Email: [email protected]

Sarah Arblaster

Environmental & Sustainability Executive Officer

Bureau of Meteorology

GPO Box 1289 MELBOURNE VIC 3001

Phone: 03 9616 8420

Email: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


iii

Contents

1 Background ................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Scope ................................................................................................................ 1

2 Funding ......................................................................................................................... 1

2.1 Funding Codes for Willis island Site ................................................................... 1

3 Location ........................................................................................................................ 2

3.1 Lease ................................................................................................................. 2 3.2 Local Authority ................................................................................................... 2 3.3 Site Location ...................................................................................................... 3 3.4 Location Notes ................................................................................................... 4

4 Schedule of Works ........................................................................................................ 5

5 Nature of Project ........................................................................................................... 5

5.1 Plant & Hand Held Tools .................................................................................... 5 5.2 Noise / Dust ....................................................................................................... 6 5.3 Transport ........................................................................................................... 6 5.4 Fuel / Chemicals ................................................................................................ 6

6 Environmental Issues .................................................................................................... 7

6.1 Matters of National Significance within 10 km radius of Willis Island .................. 7 6.2 Listed Threatened Species, Migratory Species & Marine Species ..................... 7 6.3 Existing Flora ................................................................................................... 11 6.4 Invasive Species .............................................................................................. 11 6.5 Breading Cycles .............................................................................................. 12 6.6 Environmental Objectives and Targets ............................................................ 13 6.7 Control Measures ............................................................................................ 21 6.8 Contact Phone Numbers .................................................................................. 34

7 Appendix Flora & Fauna ........................................................................................... 35

8 Appendix Legal Register .......................................................................................... 57

8.1 Purpose & scope ............................................................................................. 57 8.2 Legal and Other Requirements Register .......................................................... 59 8.3 Other Environmental Obligations ..................................................................... 65

9 References .................................................................................................................. 67

9.1 Published ......................................................................................................... 67 9.2 Unpublished ..................................................................................................... 67 9.3 Websites Viewed ............................................................................................. 67

10 Definitions ................................................................................................................... 69

10.1 Significant impact ............................................................................................. 69


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List of Figures & Tables

Figure 1: Willis Island Location................................................................................................. 2

Figure 2: Willis Island - General Layout .................................................................................... 3

Figure 3: Willis Island Site Layout showing work area .............................................................. 4

Table 1: Yearly Species Breeding Chart .................................................................................. 12

Table 2: Environmental aspects and impacts identified with projects works as per Appendix ... 13


1

1 Background

Cyclone Yasi resulted in the services from the Willis Island Meteorological facility being

significantly disrupted and unsuitable for human habitation. The Willis Island Restoration Project

was initiated in 2009. The project objective was to restore the islands meteorological and

habitation support services and to have the facility operational before end October 2011. The

project scope also included addressing previously identified issues and improving sustainability

and robustness against future severe weather events.

The Willis Island Restoration project was run over two phases, Phase 1A & Phase 1B, each

phase being a separate package of work. A third phase has been proposed and is awaiting

approval.

Phase 1A was planned as an interim solution, in which minimal restoration was completed to

make the island and facility safe for reoccupation by Bureau staff and to restore the Upper Air and

Visual Observations programs.

Phase 1B of the Willis Island Restoration Project was to complete all works to restore the facility to

full operations, address existing issues and improve the robustness and efficiency of the islands

habitation support and operational systems.

The Architectural/Engineering consultant for this project was GHD. The Phase 1B works

contractor was Hutchinson Builders.

The radar was restored on 24th October 2011 in line with the planned schedule. Data was

available internally for forecasting purposes. Due to operational staff being removed from the

island during the works, the data was not broadcast on the external web until normal operations

resumed in early December.

Some scheduled restoration work was not completed prior to restoration of the radar, and will be

addressed by this project.

For more information, refer to the Willis Island Restoration Project Phase 1B: End of Stage &

Project Review Report.

1.1 Scope

The scope of this document is the completion of agreed rectification work to the Willis Island

Met Office.

2 Funding

Funding arrangements for this project have yet to be determined.

2.1 Funding Codes for Willis island Site

Funding codes for this project have yet to be allocated.


2

3 Location

The Coral Sea Islands Territory comprises of some 46 cays in the south-western Coral Sea,

between latitudes 16S and 23S, and longitudes 148 E and 165 E (Telford 1993). The

northern most of these cays is Willis Island, located in the Coral Sea 245 nautical miles

northeast of Townsville (16 17 45 S and 149 58 30 E).

Willis Island is roughly oval in shape, measuring about 600 m in length, and has the greatest

width of about 220m. It rises to a maximum height above sea level of around 7m.

The island provides significant nesting and roosting habitat to a number of seabirds. Beaches

surrounding the island are utilised by turtles for nesting.

A small permanently staffed meteorological station is present on the island.

Figure 1: Willis Island Location

3.1 Lease

The Bureau leases Willis Island from the Department of Regional Australia, Local

Government, Arts and Sports

. The lease is currently due to expire in 2111.

3.2 Local Authority

Not applicable. The Bureau leases Willis Island from the Department of Regional Australia,

Local Government, Arts and Sports.


3

3.3 Site Location

The following figures show the location and layout of the Met Office in Willis Island.

Figure 2: Willis Island - General Layout


4

Figure 3: Willis Island Site Layout showing work area

3.4 Location Notes

Area of work is shown above. Generally the work area will extend 2.0m beyond the building

wall line.


5

4 Schedule of Works

Site works are nominally scheduled to commence on 12-April-2013, with a completion date of 24-

May-2013.

5 Nature of Project

The project involves carrying out a number of repairs and replacements:

Remove all external wooden cladding from building exterior and dispose of it.

Replace with alternate more durable external cladding such as colour bond steel

Remove all water damaged insulation from wall cavity and dispose of it. Replace

building insulation to original specification

Remove any other building material or items damaged by water ingress, such as

walls, flooring, structural members, windows, window and door surrounds, flashing,

fasteners etc. Repair or replace with new as required

Install new windows currently in storage

Attend to and resolve all mould issues including replacing damaged plaster boards

and reinstating original fittings such as lighting, electrical, etc

Repair leak in roof over attic area

Repair leak in Room1 ensuite

Replace swollen Obs External Door and repair various locks/bolts

Remove previously stored and excess building materials

Attic Install additional hand rail at RHS of stairs to assist access to floor.

Install exhaust fan/air conditioner in main switch board room

Construct gantry over fuel tanks or investigate alternate fuel level measuring system

Replace lower stair tread on main outdoor deck

Screen outdoor barbecue area

Upgrade / replace 2 x grates over fuel bund sumps

Install wind deflector in Hogen room

Install hinged hatch in the deck area for access underneath the building for

maintenance purposes

Install stairs from northern corridor breezeway exit toward water tanks

Replace 440 litre plastic bins with 2 X 3 cu mtr skip bins

5.1 Plant & Hand Held Tools

It is intended that an all-wheel drive, multi steer telehandler be used for loading and

unloading and movement of materials around the site. Estimated use after the unloading of

materials would be in the order of 1 hour per day.

A range of small power tools will be used be used for the removal of the cladding, framing

and refixing the replacement cladding. Estimated use would be 2-3 hours per day


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5.2 Noise / Dust

.Noise generated would be from small power tools, intermittent from 2-3 hours per day. It not

anticipated that any dust will be generated through the building process (replacement of

cladding).

5.3 Transport

Construction craft and materials would be delivered to Willis Island use a small barge or

similar small vessel with ramp access onto the beach.

5.4 Fuel / Chemicals

Diesel fuel will be transported to site to refill the bulk fuel storage tanks. All tools will be

electric and power will be supplied through the existing base infrastructure (diesel powered

base generator).


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6 Environmental Issues

6.1 Matters of National Significance within 10 km radius of Willis Island

National Environmental Significance

World Heritage Properties 0 Commonwealth Marine Park 0

National Heritage Places 0 Listed Threatened Ecological Communities 0

Wetlands of International Importance 0 Listed Threatened Species 27

Great Barrier Reef Marine Park 0 Listed Migratory Species 19

Other matters protected by the Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Act 1999 (Cwth)

Commonwealth Land 0 Whales and Other Cetaceans 0

Commonwealth Heritage Places 0 Critical Habitats 0

Listed Marine Species 26 Commonwealth Reserves 0

Additional Information

Place on the Register of National Estate 0 Invasive Species 0

State & Territory Reserves 0 Nationally Important Wetlands 0

Regional Forest Agreements 0 Key Ecological Features Marine 0

State / Territory Environmental Significance (excluding those identified nationally)

State / Territory Conservation Issues

6.2 Listed Threatened Species, Migratory Species & Marine Species

Twenty species of Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

(Commonwealth) (EPBC Act) listed fauna or habitat are known to occur within the area of

the works are the as sighted in A natural History Report by Wilger (1994):

1. Buff-Banded Rail (Rallus philippensis)-

Endangered

2. Black-Naped Tern (Sterna Sumatrana)-

Threatened

3. Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster)-

Threatened

4. Common Noddy (Anous Stolidus) -

Threatened

5. Crested Tern (Sterna bergil)-

Vulnerable

6. Eastern Reef Egrets (Egretta Sacra)-

Threatened

7. Great Frigatebird, (Fregata minor)-

Threatened

8. Green Turtle (Cheelonia mydas) -

Vulnerable

9. Lesser Golden Plover (Pluvialis

dominica)- Threatened

10. Least Frigatebird (Fregata ariel)-

Threatened

11. Masked Booby (Sula Dactylatra)-

Vulnerable

12. Red Footed Booby (Sula Sula)-

Threatened

13. Red-tailed Tropicbirds (Phaethon

rubricauda)- Vulnerable

14. Ruddy Turnstone (Arenaria interpres)-

Threatened

15. Sacred Kingfisher (Todiramphus

sancta)- Vulnerable

16. Sooty Tern (Sterna fuscata)-

Vulnerable

17. Wedge-tailed Shearwater- Mutton

Birds (Puffinus Pacificus)- Threatened

18. Welcome Swallows (Hirundo

neoxena)- Critically Endangered


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19. White-capped Noddy (Anous

stolidus)- Threatened

20. Willis Island Gecko (Lepitodactylus

lugubris)- Vulnerable

Additional information about these is available in Appendix A.

Seven species of Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

(Commonwealth) (EPBC Act) listed fauna or habitat are likely to occur within the area of the

works are the:

1. Flatback Turtle (Natator depressus)-

Vulnerable

2. Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys

imbricate)- Vulnerable

3. Herald Petrel (Pterodroma heraldica)-

Critically Endangered 4. Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle,

Luth (Dermochelys coriacea)-

Endangered

5. Loggerhead Turtle (Caretta caretta)-

Endangered

6. Olive-ridley Turtle (Lepidochelys

olivacea)- Endangered

7. White-bellied Storm-Petrel (Tasman

Sea), White-bellied Storm-Petrel

(Australasian) (Fregetta grallaria

grallaria)- Vulnerable

Status No. of Species

Critically Endangered 1

Endangered 3

Vulnerable 3

Threatened -


Seventy species of EPBC Act listed fauna or habitat may occur within the area of the works

are the:

1. Banded sea krait (Laticauda

colubrine)

2. A sea krait (Laticauda laticaudata)

3. A seasnake (Hydrophis ornatus)

4. Andersons Pipefish, Shortnose

Pipefish (Micrognathus

andersonii)

Status No. of Species

Critically Endangered 1

Endangered 1

Vulnerable 7

Threatened 11

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5. Antarctic Minke Whale/Dark Shoulder

Minke Whale (Balaenoptera

bonaerensis)

6. Australian Messmate Pipefish,

Banded Pipefish (Corythoichthys

intestinalis)

7. Banded Pipefish, Ringed Pipefish

(Doryrhamphus dactyliophorus)

8. Beady Pipefish, Steep-nosed Pipefish

(Hippichthys penicillus)

9. Beaked Seasnake (Enhydrina

schistose)

10. Bentstick Pipefish, Bend Stick

Pipefish, Short-tailed Pipefish

(Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus)

11. Blainvilles Beaked Whale,

Dense-beaked Whale

(Mesoplodon densirostris)

12. Blue Whale (Balaenoptera

musculus)

13. Blue-speckled Pipefish, Blue-

spotted Pipefish (Hippichthys

cyanospilos)

14. Bluestripe Pipefish, Indian Blue-

stripe Pipefish, Pacific Blue-stripe

Pipefish (Doryrhamphus excisus)

15. Bottlenosed Dolphin (Tursiops

truncates s. str)

16. Brydes Whale (Balaenoptera

edeni)

17. Cleaner Pipefish, Janss Pipefish

(Doryrhamphus janssi)

18. Common Dolphin, Short-beaked

Common Dolphin (Delphinus

delphis)

19. Cuviers Beaked Whale, Goose-

beaked Whale (Ziphius

cavirostris)

20. Davao Pughead Pipefish

(Bulbonaricus Pipefish)

21. Double-end Pipehorse, Double-

ended Pipehorse, Alligator

Pipefish (Syngnathoides

biaculeatus)

22. Dubois Seasnake (Aipysurus

duboisii)

23. Dwarf Sperm Whale (Kogia

simus)

24. Elegant Seasnake (Hydrophis

elegans)

25. False Killer Whale (Pseudorca

crassidens)

26. Fijian Banded Pipefish, Brown-

banded Pipefish (Corythoichthys

amplexus)

27. Flagtail Pipefish, Masthead Island

Pipefish (Doryrhamphus

negrosensis)

28. Flat-face Seahorse

(Hippocampus planifrons)

29. Frasers Dolphin, Sarawak

Dolphine (Lagenodelphis hosei)

30. Horned Seasnake (Acalyptophis

peronii)

31. Humpback Whale (Megaptera

novaeangliae)

32. Killer Whale, Orca (Orcinus orca)

33. Long-snouted Spinner Dolphin

(Stenella longirostris)

34. Madura Pipefish, Reticulated

Freshwater Pipefish (Hippichthys

heptagonus)

35. Maxwebers Pipefish

(Cosmocampus maxweberi)

36. Melon-headed Whale

(Peponocephala electra)

37. Minke Whale (Balaenoptera

acutorostrata)

38. Mud Pipefish, Grays Pipefish

(Halicampus grayi)

39. Olive Seasnake (Aipysurus

laevis)

40. Orange-spotted Pipefish,

Ocellated Pipefish

(Corythoichthys ocellatus)

41. Ornate Ghost pipefish, Harlequin

Ghost Pipefish, Ornate Ghost

Pipefish (Solenostomus

paradoxus)

42. Pacific Short-bodied Pipefish,

Short-bodied Pipefish

(Choeroichthys brachysoma)

43. Pale-blotched Pipefish, Spined

Pipefish (Phoxocampus

diacanthus)

44. Pallid Pipehorse, Hardwicks

Pipehorse (Solegnathus

hardwickii)

45. Pig-snouted Pipefish

(Choeroichthys suillus)

46. Pygmy Killer Whale (Feresa

attenuate)

47. Pygmy Sperm Whale (Kogia

breviceps)

48. Red-hair Pipefish, Dunckers

Pipefish (halicampus dunckeri)

49. Reticulate Pipefish, Yellow-

banded Pipefish, Network

Pipefish (Corythoichthys

flavofasciatus)


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50. Rissos Dolphine, Grampus

(Grampus griseus)

51. Robust Ghost pipefish, Blue-

finned Ghost Pipefish

(Solenostomus cyanopterus)

52. Rough-snout Ghost Pipefish

(Solenostomus paegnius)

53. Rough-toothed Dolphin (Steno

bredanensis)

54. Schultzs Pipefish (Corythoichthys

schultzi)

55. Sculptured Pipefish

(Choeroichthys sculptus)

56. Short-finned Pilot Whale

(Globicephala macrorhynchus)

57. Soft coral Pipefish, Soft-coral

Pipefish (Siokunichthys

breviceps)

58. Spectacled Seasnake (Disteira

kingie)

59. Sperm Whale (Physeter

macrocephalus)

60. Spiny Seahorse, Thorny

Seahorse (Hippocampus histrix)

61. Spiny-snout Pipefish (Halicampus

spinirostris)

62. Spotted Dolphin, Pantropical

Spotted Dolphin (Stenella

attenuate)

63. Spotted Seahorse, Yellow

Seahorse (Hippocampus kuda)

64. Stokes Seasnake (Astrotia

stokesii)

65. Straightstick Pipefish, Long-

nosed Pipefish, Straight Stick

Pipefish (Trachyrhamphus

longirostris)

66. Striped Dolphin, Euphrosyne

Dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba)

67. Thorntail Pipefish, Thorn-tailed

Pipefish (Micrognathus

brevirostris)

68. Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus)

69. Whiskered Pipefish, Ornate

Pipefish (Halicampus

macrorhynchus)

70. Zebra Seahorse (Hippocampus

zebra)


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6.3 Existing Flora

Twenty-three flora species currently inhabit Willis island;

1. Argusia (Argusia argentea)

2. Asian Indian Mallow (Abutilon

albescens)

3. Boerhavia albiflora

4. Coconut Palms (Cocos nucifera)

5. Crows foot grass, Goose grass

(Eleusine indica)

6. Desert Horsepurslane (Trianthema

portulacastrum)

7. Goats foot convolvulus (lpomoea

brasiliensis)

8. Khaki Weed (Alternantha pungens)

9. Land couch (Sporobulus virginicus)

10. Lantern Bush (Abutilon indicum)

11. Mexican Poppy (Argemone

ochroleuca)

12. Pacific Islands thintail (Lepturus

repens)

13. Prickly Chaff Flower, Devils whip

(Achyranthes aspera)

14. Red Caustic Weed, Creeping

Spurge (Chamaesyce prostrate

aka Eurphorbia prostrata)

15. Spiny emex, Three-cornered jack,

Doublegee (Tribulus cistoides)

16. Tridax Daisy, Coat Buttons

(Tridax procumbens)

17. Verdolaga, Pigweed, Little

Hogweed, Pusley, Moss rose

(Portulaca oleracea)


6.4 Invasive Species

Fauna

1. Big Headed Ant

Flora

1. Cats whiskers, African Cabbage (Cleome gynandra)

2. Coast Button Grass, Coast Finger Grass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium)

3. Common Couch, Coastal Bermuda Grass (Cynodon dactylon)

4. Dwarf Poinsettia, Painted Spurge (Euphorbia cyathophora)

5. Green Amaranth (Amaranthus viridis)

6. Mossman River grass, Burr Grass, Walkaway Burr (Cenchrus echinatus)

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6.5 Breading Cycles

Table 1: Yearly Species Breeding Chart

Orange: Known Breeding/Nesting in Area Red: Known Hatching/Chicks in Area

Species Status Listing Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Black-Naped Turn Threatened Known

Brown Booby Threatened Known PEAK PEAK PEAK

Buff-Banded Rail Endangered Known

Common Noddy Threatened Known

Crested Turn Vulnerable Known

Eastern Reef Egrets Threatened Known

Flatback turtle Vulnerable Likely PEAK

Great Frigatebird Threatened Known

Green Turtle Vulnerable Known PEAK

Hawksbill Turtle Vulnerable Likely

Herald Petrel Critically Endangered Likely

Least Frigatebird Threatened Known

Leatherback Turtle Endangered Likely

Loggerhead Turtle Endangered Likely PEAK

Masked Booby Vulnerable Known

Olive-ridley Turtle Endangered Likely

Red Footed Booby Threatened Known PEAK PEAK

Red-tailed Tropicbirds Vulnerable Known

Sacred Kingfisher Vulnerable Known

Sooty Tern Vulnerable Known

Wedge-tailed Shearwater Threatened Known

Welcome Swallows Critically Endangered Known PEAK PEAK

White-bellied Storm Petrel Vulnerable Likely

White-capped Noddy Threatened Known

Willis Island Gecko Vulnerable Known


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6.6 Environmental Objectives and Targets

Table 2: Environmental aspects and impacts identified with projects works as per Appendix

Environmental Aspect & Objective

Willis Island Projects Specific Targets

Responsibility Reporting Methodology & Indicators

Timing

Air Quality & Dust To prevent disturbance or harm to fauna or workers

1. Minimise impacts of dust and air quality on fauna and works.

Onsite Environmental Representative

Site Manager

Staff to be informed during induction.

Dust must be minimised by covering dust sources within works.

Machinery and equipment must be appropriately maintained and serviced.

Prior to entering site

Ongoing

Education, Training & Awareness

2. Ensure all workers engaged for this project have received site specific environmental sustainability training.

Project Manager

Environmental Sustainability Executive Officer

Compliance Prior to entering site.

3. Daily onsite tool box meetings, with specific focus on environmental & sustainability issues on site.

Site Manager


Compliance Prior to commencing work on site each day.

Energy Management To prevent disturbance or harm to fauna on site and in the surrounding

4. No lights on work one hour before sunset and one hour after sunrise areas unless necessary to ensure safety.


Site Manager

Staff to be informed prior to commencing works.

Red light torches to be used by personnel at night.

Shield lighting to direct light to target area.

Use low pressure sodium vapour lighting.

Staff to be informed during induction

Ongoing


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Timing

marine environment To reduce energy consumption

5. Minimal supply vessel lighting visible from island

Vessel Manager

Site Manager

Restrict vessel lighting to safety and navigation lights during hours of darkness.

Before commencement of works

Erosion & Sediment Management To minimise erosion and control sediment on site.

6. No deposition of sediment in the surrounding areas of the site (including the ocean) & no evidence of scour or other forms of erosion resulting from reconstruction works


Site Manager

Compliance with Best Practice Guidelines, as outlines in IEAust (1996) Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Engineering Guidelines.

All staff to be informed prior to commencing works.

Daily visual inspection

7. Prevent erosion


Site Manager

Minimise clearing of vegetation within the nominated works area.

Install sediment and erosion control measures

Prior to commencement of works

Daily visual inspection


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Timing

Flora & Fauna To protect existing flora and fauna on site and surrounding areas. No flora damage or fauna harm whilst conducting works To minimise introduction of weed/pests and pathogens to the Island. To manage the voyage and beaching of personnel and equipment supply vessels to have no impact on marine environment.

8. To ensure no harm to fauna whilst conducting works including


Site Manager

Undertake fauna inspection prior to commencing works to ensure work areas and pathways are not disturbing fauna.

All personnel to remain vigilant at all times during works for fauna in works area.

Machinery to be covered at nigh to prevent re-colonisation by fauna overnight.


Ongoing

9. No impact on marine fauna during vessel movements:

a. No impact on reef bottom surrounding Island during vessel movements including beaching supply vessel

Vessel Manager Staff to be informed during induction.

Ensure passage of supply vessel only undertaken during high tide and every precaution is taken to ensure no impact with coral.

Vigilant of marine fauna during travel.

Prior to commencing work

Ongoing

10. No invasive species (flora and fauna) introduced to site.


Site Manager

All plant, machinery, hand tools and materials to be washed down and inspected prior to arrival at site Food, drink and other edible rubbish to be disposed of in sealed allocation bins placed away from works area.

No domestic animals allowed on site or aboard supply vessels.

Manual removal of pest/weeds/pathogens immediately upon identification.

Ongoing

11. Rehabilitation and Revegetation of site area to minimise erosion and impact on flora and fauna

Site Manager


All cleared flora and top soil (including seed banks) to be reused (except where declared weeds have been identified).

Revegetation of disturbed areas is successful and suppressing of week species.

Vegetated areas are in tacked and viable after works.

Ongoing


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Timing

Hazardous Materials Management To manage substances required for works in a manner that minimises environmental risk.

12. No spills of hazardous materials (i.e. fuels) on site or into the marine environment

Contractor

Site Manager

Compliance with MSDS requirements

Compliance with AS 1940 (2004) ad AS 2601 (2001)

Staff informed during induction and have training in emergency response and relevant spill clean-up procedures.

All hazardous materials to be stored in a designated secure and appropriately bunded area.

13. Review spill clean-up procedures and ensure required equipment is kept onsite at all times and serviced. Adequate clean-up equipment available and procedures adequate and reviewed

14. Any spills that occur are immediately contained and cleaned up

Prior to commencement of works.

Ongoing

Heritage To manage impact of works on potential indigenous or built heritage items or artefacts.

15. No destruction or impact on /of indigenous cultural heritage areas or artefacts due to site works.

Site Manager Staff are informed during Induction.

If cultural items are uncovered/discovered during works, all work in area must cease immediately and DSEWPC contacted directly.

Ongoing


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Timing

Plant and Hand tools Maintenance and Repair To ensure that plant and hand held tools are used and maintained in manner that avoids environmental risk.

16. No disposal of maintenance or repair material on site or into the marine environment

Site Manager/ Contractor

Staff must be informed during induction.

The bunded work areas are to contain any hazardous and/or potentially environmentally harmful material.

Hazardous materials to be clearly identified and stored to restrict offsite movement.

Prior to commencement of works.

Ongoing

Noise & Vibration To ensure no disturbance or impacts on fauna or workers.

17. Minimise impacts from noise and vibration on Bureau of Meteorology staff, contractors and fauna.

a. No disturbance to island fauna


Site Manager


Supply all employees with approved hearing protection.

Do not operate machinery, power tools outside of hours nominated.

Monitor nesting and roosting birds in vicinity of the works area for evidence of disturbance.

Refer to AS 1055.1.1997 Acoustics Description and Measurement of environmental noise.

Prior to workers entering site

Ongoing


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Timing

Site Access To access the site in the in a manner that has the least potential impact on flora and fauna

18. No vessel, personnel, plant, machinery, equipment or materials movements outside of designated access areas.


Site Manager

All required site access pathways must be positioned to avoid vegetation and bird/reptile nest/roost sites to the greatest extent possible.

All incidents must be record of vessels, personnel, equipment, machinery and materials that move outside the designated area and reported to the Site Supervisor.

Vessel personnel must ensure proper anchoring of vessels.

Following the use of vehicles access pathways, all track and wheel ruts will be smoothed out as soon as possible and as a minimum at the end of the working day.

Ongoing

Reporting To record environmental incidents and daily checks

19. Report any non-conformance relating to environmental sustainability issues identified in this plan via the non-injury incident form.

Site Manager


Environmental Representative to complete daily site assessment

Non-conformance to be reported as required

Ongoing

Waste Management To adopt the waste hierarchy and specifically promote the key themes of Reduce, Reuse and

20. No intentional or unintentional pollution of the surrounding of the environment.

Site Manager

Compliance with requirements of the QLD EPA 1994, QLD EPP (Waste Management) 2000 and QLD Waste Reduction and Recycling Strategy.



Ongoing


19




Timing

Recycle. Water Management To promote efficient use of water resources. To ensure no pollution or spill from uncontained fuel, oil or chemicals

21. Site to be left clean, all items to be disposed of responsibly.

a. Minimise of volumes of waste being sent to landfill, by separating and identifying items for reuse recycling.

Site Manager Waste materials to be removed from the work area as soon as possible and temporarily stored aboard supply vessel in dedicated separation areas awaiting transport to mainland.

Provide clearly marked bins for reusable or recyclable materials.

Ongoing

22. No unauthorised disposal of waste generated from the site.

Contractor

Site Manager

Regulate wastes returned to the mainland are to be disposed at a regulated waste facility approved under EPA 1994.

Prior to commencement of work

23. Minimise implement stock piles by implementing management procedures.

Site Manager Staff to be informed during induction.

Stockpiles should be located away from any natural drainage lines.

Stockpiles to be covered at all times.

Materials to be removed from work area to offshore supply vessel as soon as practicable.

Ongoing

24. No runoff into water ways or marine environment.

Site Manager No major maintenance of equipment will be undertaken on the Island.

Equipment to be checked daily for possible fuel, oil and chemical leaks and must be in good working order.

All hazardous material to be stored in an appropriately bunded fuel unloading bund area.

Review available spill clean-up equipment and keep onsite at all times.

Minimise quantities of stockpiled materials temporality stored on island.

Prior to commencing work

Ongoing


20




Timing

Work Hours To minimise disturbance to wildlife by restricting work to daylight hours

25. No work to commence one after official sunrise and no work to be conducted one hour before official sunset

Site Manager Periodic monitoring of nesting birds / turtles in the vicinity of the works area and designated pathways for evidence of disturbance (i.e. uncharacteristic behaviour).

If disturbance is noted works will cease until suitable measures can be implemented which will mitigate lighting, noise or vibration causing disturbance.

Ongoing

Note: The Site Manager is the nominated representative of the Principal Contractor who is present at the work site.


21

6.7 Control Measures

6.7.1 Air Quality Dust

Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Site meeting prior to plant operation to cover air quality measurement controls.

Site Manager Yes

Use of natural dust suppressants and capture covers wherever practical to prevent dust emissions during site works.

Site Manager Yes

On site watering equipment to be available to dampen dusty activities if required, no visible dust emissions to be at the boundaries of the work site.

Site Manager Yes

Dampen or cover exposed dust sources within works area when not in active used.

Site Manager Yes

When equipment and hand tools are to be operated on site

check the service log and emissions control attachments.

Site Manager Yes

Reduce speed limits for plant movements. Site Manager Yes

Regular watering down of trafficable areas if required. Site Manager Yes

Limit dust generating activities during windy or stormy

conditions

Site Manager Yes

Visually monitor the dust and emissions generated daily. Site Manager Yes

Plant generating dust to be fitted with appropriate water or

collection control.

Site Manager Yes

Traffic only in designated areas. Site Manager Yes


22

6.7.2 Education, Training & Awareness

6.7.2.1 Site Specific Training



All workers (including contractors) are to have read this document prior to commencing any works on site.

Bureau Project

Manager

Yes

To include advice regarding

Air quality and dust minimisation on site;

lighting management and how this can impact fauna

General energy management

Erosion and sediment management;

Harm to fauna

Invasive species

Flora sensitivities

Rehabilitation and revegetation

Hazardous materials

Heritage (cultural and built) management

Plant and hand held tools maintenance and repair

Noise and vibration

Reporting

Site access

Waste Management

Clean site

Stockpiling

Water management

Surface water & Ground water pollution

Work Hours

Site access

Emergency response and use of relevant spill kits

Site Manager

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes


23

6.7.2.2 Daily Toolbox meetings



Identified Environmental sustainability management issues are to be included at daily tool box meetings.

Site Manager

Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes

List items to be discussed daily:

Proposed works for the day

Potential impacts on fauna

Where does the onsite environmental representative need to be

Site Manager

Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes

6.7.3 Energy Management

6.7.3.1 Light Management



Shield lighting to direct light directly to target areas. Site Manager Yes

Use of low pressure sodium vapour lighting. Site Manager

Vessel Manager

Yes

Restrict work hours to one hour after to official sunrise and one hour prior to official sunset.

Site Manager

Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes

Use of red light torches if required for worker movement at

night.

Site Manager Yes

Ensure that no lighting is visible from beach or offshore. Site Manager

Vessel Manager

Yes

Restrict vessel lighting to safety and navigational lights during

hours of darkness. No deck lighting, other than safety lights

and all blinds close across windows.

Vessel Manager Yes


24

6.7.4 Erosion and Sediment Management



Stormwater discharge from the site to be directed to existing stormwater systems. Discharge must not contain levels of water pollutants outside the acceptable ranges given in the Australian Water Quality Guidelines.

Site Manager Yes

Install and maintain appropriate erosion and sediment control measures e.g. sediment fence.

Site Manager Yes

Erosion and sediment controls maintained regularly to ensure

effectiveness (e.g. cleared build-up of sediment)

Site Manager Yes

Follow the methods proposed in the Soil Erosion and Sediment Control engineering Guidelines for Qld Construction Sites, International Engineers Australia 1996.

Site Manager Yes

Sediments controls to be installed around material stockpiles. Site Manager Yes

Monitor weather daily to identifying high storm or inundation

events and prepare/upgrade site sediment/erosion controls

accordingly.

Site Manager Yes

Implementation of Stormwater Management Plan. Site Manager Yes

Implementation of Erosion and Sediment Control Plan. Site Manager Yes

All appropriate precautions taken to prevent runoff of pollutants

into surrounding marine environment.

Site Manager Yes

Undertake daily monitoring sediment areas adjacent to work on

site.

Site Manager Yes


25

6.7.5 Flora & Fauna

6.7.5.1 No harm to fauna



Identification of specific fauna species on site. Environmental Representative

Yes

Identification of specific flora on site that will be removed. Onsite Environmental Representative

Yes

Ecologist present on site to remove fauna as required during site works.


Yes

If listed fauna; injured fauna or an invasive species is spotted

and the works are causing the fauna distress, all works in the

direct vicinity of the fauna must cease.

Works are to remain ceased until the listed fauna leaves

the site.

Relocation: if this is required or you need advice please

call relevant contact number.

Injured fauna: please call relevant contact number for

advice.

Complete a Bureau non-injury incident report (ticking

environment box).


Yes

No worker or contractor can touch or harm listed fauna (which

includes relocation).


Yes

Prior to any works being undertaken a site walk around is to be

undertaken to check if the site contains any of the identified

flora or fauna species.


Yes

Daily site inspection to be under taken each morning to check

for identified flora and fauna.


Yes


26

6.7.5.2 No invasive species introduced on site



Ensure all vehicles and equipment are washed down and inspected as per relevant legislative requirements prior to arriving on site.

Contractor

Site Manager

Yes

Ensure all plant, hand held tools and vehicles are cleaned to being removed from site.

Site Manager Yes

Conduct wash-downs of plant, hand held tools and vehicles as

per relevant requirements.

Site Manager Yes

All machinery, equipment (including hand tools) are to be washed down prior to arriving on site in line with the Bureaus wash down guidelines (contractors will need to make a signed statement that they have washed down and inspected equipment prior to arriving on site). If invasive species are spotted on site machinery, equipment (including hand tools) will need to be washed down after site works have been completed (noting that the nearest commercial wash facility may be appropriate).

6.7.5.3 Rehabilitation & Revegetation



Implement a revegetation / rehabilitation plan using native flora

post works.

No

http://web.bom.gov.au/mgt/mgtfunctions/personnel_industrial/performance/hsofficer/environmental_page/Flora%20&%20Fauna/Washdown%20V0_1.pdf


27

6.7.6 Hazardous Materials Management



Dangerous goods and hazardous substances are used and

handled following the appropriate procedures.

Site Manager Yes

All dangerous goods are stored in accordance with AS 1940

(1993) and other appropriate industry best practice.

Site Manager Yes

Follow the guidelines proposed in AS 2921 (1999). Site Manager Yes

No fuel or chemicals to be stored in bunded areas and kept in

appropriate storage containers (with closable lids).

Site Manager Yes

MSDS for all chemicals to be maintained on-site and submitted

by Contractors to Site Manager and / or Environmental

Representative.

Site Manager Yes

Spill clean-up and containment equipment to be maintained by

contractors and sub-contractors

Site Manager Yes

A dangerous goods and hazardous substances register will be

maintained on-site. No chemicals to be brought onto site

without Site Manager approval prior to entering.

Site Manager Yes

Only require volumes of fuel or chemicals permitted on site Site Manager Yes

6.7.7 Heritage (Cultural & Built) Management



Identification of Cultural heritage sites prior to arriving on site Bureau

Environmental

Representative

Yes

Site manager to communicate requirement to monitor for cultural items.

Site Manager Yes

Work to stop immediately upon identification of significant

items.

Site Manager

Workers

Yes

Site Manager and Bureau of Meteorology to be notified of discovery.

Site Manager Yes

Bureau of Meteorology to notify relevant agencies. Bureau

Environmental

Representative

Yes

Undertake actions as requested by relevant agencies. Site Manager Yes


28

6.7.8 Greenhouse Gas Emissions

6.7.8.1 Plant and Hand Held tools Maintenance & Repair



Ensure plant and equipment is maintained and in good working

order and conforms to industry standards.

Site Manager Yes

Maintain all plant, machinery and power tools in accordance

with manufacturers recommendations.

Site Manager Yes

6.7.9 Noise & Vibration



Keep residents (interested parties) informed of any expected noisy events or changes to schedule.

N/A No

Operation of plant equipment between 1 hour after official

sunrise and 1 hour before official sunset (except where prior

approval has been obtained).

Site Manager Yes

During agreed work hours the adjusted noise level from any single source or activities shall not exceed 85 db at the boundary of the site.

Site Manager Yes

No deliveries to occur prior to 30 minutes after official sunrise. N/A No

Position stationary plant so as to reduce the impact of

continuous operation.

Site Manager Yes

Plan the work activity with the contractor involved, select the

correct plant size and check silencing equipment being used.

Site Manager Yes

Follow the guidelines outlined in AS 2436. Site Manager Yes

Affix noise attenuation devises to plant, machinery and power

tools

Site Manager Yes

Set up noise barriers as needed N/A No

Other:

Each equipment operator must be trained to use equipment efficiently to minimize environmental nuisance noises, paying specific attention to minimising unwanted effects to any identified environmental sensitive area (i.e. affecting fauna), or simply a nuisance factor for other occupied areas (i.e. building co-tenants).


29

Works generating hazardous noise (above 85 dB at the boundary of the site) or producing vibration on sites that have identified fauna sensitivities shall commence no earlier than one hour after official sunrise, and shall cease no later than one hour before official sunset. Work hours shall be modified as needed according to changes in the timing of sunrise/sunset through the duration of works. If disturbance to an identified environmental sensitive area (i.e. fauna) occurs works must cease until suitable measures can be implemented to mitigate noise and vibration impacts.

6.7.10 Reporting

6.7.10.1 Non Conformance



Incidents / complaints must be documented using an Incident Report (non-injury or injury) Form, ensuring that environmental sustainability impacts / complaints from the works relating to noise and vibration levels are recorded; flora/fauna matters; waste disposal or any other environmental sustainability matter.

Site Manager

Bureau Project

Manager

Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes


30

6.7.11 Site Access



Staff induction to include overview of the importance of working within identified work zones and paths and restricted / no-go zones and how to minimise impact on flora and fauna.

Site Manager

Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes

Identification of suitable landing / access points, including relocation of any fauna as required prior to taking equipment on to site.

Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes

Identification, delineation and marking of all access points and pathways required during works.

Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes

Restricted areas to be clearly marked and identified. Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes

Restrict movement of vehicles and site works to identified

areas and zones.

Site Manager Yes

Daily inspection of access paths and zones prior to works commencing identifying fauna that may be in works areas.

Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes

Smoothing of all track and wheel ruts as soon as possible and as a minimum at the end of the day.

Site Manager Yes

Vessel personal to ensure proper anchoring of vessel. Vessel Manager Yes

Vessel personal to monitor daily for anchor drag. Vessel Manager Yes


31

6.7.12 Waste Management

6.7.12.1 No intention or unintentional pollution of the surrounding environment



All waste to be disposed of by licenced contractor. Site Manager Yes

No burning off of waste is permitted Site Manager Yes

Provide recycle bins on site where practicable Site Manager Yes

Conduct regular clean-up of site to control waste Site Manager Yes

All packaging around materials and food scraps to be placed into collection bins provided.

Site Manager Yes

Provision made for all waste associated with site works to be

removed when works are completed.

Site Manager Yes

Smoking on site is to be limited to designated smoking areas,

cigarette butts are to be disposed of in designated areas and

not to be dropped around the site.

Site Manager Yes

6.7.12.2 Site left clean



Conduct weekly emu picks during site works. Site Manager Yes

Emu pick of entire site to be conducted prior to workers leaving site.

Site Manager Yes

The site is to be left clean taking ensuring that waste items are disposed of responsibly, diverting as much as possible from landfill.

Site Manager Yes


32

6.7.12.3 Stockpiling



Any stockpiled material should be stored immediately adjacent to storm water canal.

Site Manager Yes

Sediments controls to be installed around material stockpiles. Site Manager

Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes

Minimise quantities of stockpile materials temporary stored on

site.

Site Manager Yes


33

6.7.13 Water Management

6.7.13.1 Surface Water & Ground Water



Identification of all water consumption activities on site. Site Manager Yes

Brooms to be used for clean up where practicable. Site Manager Yes

Hoses to be fitted with trigger or twist control to allow for easy cut-off.

Site Manager Yes

Plant, hand held tools and equipment to be washed in non-potable water where possible

Site Manager Yes

No wash-down of vehicles unless required, Site Manager Yes

Non-potable water to be used for dust suppression. Site Manager Yes

Salt water to be used in lieu of fresh water where possible Site Manager Yes

Daily checking of equipment and machinery to identify any

possible fuel, oil or chemical leaks.

Site Manager Yes

Vessel workers to conduct daily checks to ensure moored

vessels are operating properly and checking for possible fuel,

oil and chemical leeks into the marine environment.

Site Manager Yes

All hazardous materials to be stored in appropriately bunded

areas.

Site Manager Yes

Bunded areas to be constructed in accordance with best

practice as per AS 1940 (2004).

Site Manager Yes

Ensure bunds are maintained during works. Site Manager Yes

Regular review of currently available spill clean-up equipment

and to be kept on site at all times.

Site Manager Yes

If spill kit is use, replace any spill clean-up equipment within 24

hours.

Site Manager Yes

Review spill kit procedures. Site Manager Yes

Review waste separation, reuse, recycling and disposal

procedures.

Site Manager Yes


34

6.7.14 Work Hours



Works on site must not commence before one hour after

sunrise or after one hour before sunset.

Adult seabirds generally leave the nesting area early in

the morning to fish, and return late in the afternoon to

feed chicks and adults remaining on eggs.

Site Manager

Onsite

Environmental

Representative

Yes

6.8 Contact Phone Numbers

WHS&E Contact Details

Sarah Arblaster Environmental & Sustainability Executive Officer Tel: 03 9616 8420 [email protected] Or Call switchboard 03 9669 4000 and ask to speak to a member of the WHS&E Section

Injured Fauna

Hotline (24 hours) number for injured wildlife 1300 ANIMAL (1300 264 625) This is the RSPCA which will pass you on to Parks and wildlife if required

mailto:[email protected]


35

7 Appendix Flora & Fauna

Likelihood of occurrence during project and likelihood of impact on breeding cycle during project

taken from combination of EPBC search outcomes, information listed in Wilgars Willis Island: A

Natural History (1994) and information from Bureau staff who have been worked at Willis Island

7.1.1 Known Fauna

Listed Threatened Species, Migratory Species & Marine Species

Green Turtle

Chelonia mydas

Likelihood of Occurrence during project

Low

Likelihood of impact on breeding cycle during project

Low

Source Cheloniophilie

Listed Threatened Species; Marine Species and Listed Migratory Species

Status: Vulnerable

Foraging, feeding or related behaviour known to occur within

area.

Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative breach and penalties apply.

Eggs are buried in sand that is aerated (but not exposed), low in salt and high in humidity (but not flooded).

In the southern Great Barrier Reef, mating begins in October and nesting occurs between October and March, peaking in January. Nesting in the northern Great Barrier Reef and in the Ashmore and Cartier Island region occurs all year, with a mid-summer peak.

Females lay an average of five clutches of around 115 eggs per season. The inter-nesting interval (time between successive clutches) is 14 days. Eggs are spherical and white, around 4.4 cm in diameter and 47 g in weight. The incubation period is 64 days. Female Green Turtles breed every, one to nine years.

Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)


36

Black-Naped Terns

Sterna Sumatrana


Moderate


Moderate

Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species

Status: Threatened

Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative breach and penalties apply

Black-naped Terns usually nest in exposed, open sites, in simple, usually unlined depressions on bare sand or shingle beaches of cays, reefs and islands, typically in the narrow strip just above the high-water mark where debris collects. Occasionally they nest on spits, bare rock or among coral rubble or, more rarely, on top of logs or on structures, such as shipwrecks. Nests are usually away from vegetation or occasionally near the edge of vegetation, among grass and shrubs, or, rarely, beneath trees. Black-naped Terns usually roost near the edge of the water, on sandy beaches or spits and occasionally on rubble banks or rocks. They roost at their nesting areas during the breeding season. In Queensland, breeding is mainly from August-September through to March, with some nesting in June-July, especially in the north and in the Swain Reefs. Replacement clutches are laid following losses. The usual clutch is two, occasionally one or three and incubation takes 4-5 weeks.


Black Noddy or

White-capped

Noddy

Anous minutus


Moderate


Low

Listed Marine Species

Status: Threatened



Breeding season is from October to March. The nests built of leaves and twigs cemented with excreta in Norfolk Island pines (Araucaria heterophylla) or white oaks. The female lays one egg and incubation lasts about 36 days.

Norfolk Island Region Threatened Species Recovery Plan (Director of National Parks (DNP), 2010


37

Brown Booby

Sula leucogaster


Moderate


Moderate

Listed Marine Species and Listed Migratory Species



The Brown Booby is the only ground-nesting booby that regularly builds a substantial nest.

Brown Booby nests sometimes contain the bodies of dead Sooty Tern chicks.

Nests are made up of a mound of branches, bones, grass, human-generated trash, or other items. Placed on flat ground, usually in full sunshine.

At some sites, breeding is seasonal with a peak summer nesting period. Elsewhere the species breeds continuously throughout the year.

The clutch size is between 13 eggs with the eggs being a pale bluish or greenish, with white outer layer with the incubation period approximately 43 days.


Buff-banded Rail

Rallus philippensis


Moderate


Low

Listed Endangered Species

Status: Endangered



Buff-banded Rails often nest on or close to the ground (< 1.5 m) around wetlands or in pasture or crops among tall and dense clumps of grass, rushes, sedges, samphire, shrubs e.g. Melaleuca or fallen timber. They may also nest at the base of a frond in a Coconut Palm Cocus nucifera or in grass tussocks or other similar ground vegetation

During the breeding season mainland birds form stable monogamous pairs, holding or defending a territory against other pairs and single birds. Eggs have been recorded in January, May and June, whilst chicks estimated to be 2-3 days old have been recorded in late November.

The clutch size of the Buff-banded Rail is usually 5-8. Smaller clutches of 2-3 may also be recorded, or of 4-5 during drought years. Egg laying usually occurs at intervals of 24 hours, and the incubation period is 18-25 days. Successive clutches may be laid at intervals of two months, and pairs may breed up to three times in a year in Australia.



38

Common Noddy

Anous stolidus


Moderate


Low


Status: Threatened



The Common Noddy breeds on various islands. In Australia it breeds on the islands of the Great Barrier Reef, north west Australia and Lord Howe Island and the Norfolk Group. It is a common spring and summer breeding species (from October to December-January) that gathers on the islands to nest then disperse out to sea. It nests in small groups in a depression in the ground or amongst rocks. Each pair raises a single brood each year. Incubation length ranges between 33-36 days. Source: Norfolk Island Region Threatened Species Recovery Plan (Director of National Parks (DNP), 2010

Crested Tern

Sterna bergii


Moderate


Low


Status: Vulnerable



The nest is a shallow scrape in bare sand, rock or coral, in flat open sites on offshore islands, low-lying coral reefs, sandy or rocky coastal islets, coastal spits, lagoon mudflats or islets in saltpans and sewage works. The species nests in dense colonies with neighbouring nests very close together (rims may be touching) usually forages within 3 km of the breeding colony.

Breeding takes place from October to December each year. A single egg, rarely two, is laid and incubated for 21 to 26 days.

The pale, black-spotted chick is led from the nest two to four days after hatching and is fed by the adults outside of the colony

Source: Birdlife International Organisation


39

Eastern Reef

Egrets

Egretta Sacra


Moderate


Moderate


Status: Threatened



The Eastern Reef Egret lives on beaches, rocky shores, tidal rivers and inlets, mangroves, and exposed coral reefs.

The Eastern Reef Egret breeds throughout the year. The nests can be in trees in island woodlands, or on the ground under shrubs or rock ledges. The stick nest platform is lined with seaweed. Nesting occurs in single pairs or in small colonies. Both sexes incubate the eggs and the young remain in the nest for up to 6 weeks. Source: Birdlife Australia 2012

Great Frigatebird

Fregata minor


Moderate


Low


Status: Threatened



Breeding season is from January to August. They generally lay one white egg per clutch which is incubated for 51-57 days. They often assume an energy-efficient posture in which their head hangs down, and they sit so still that they seem dead.


Lesser Golden

Plover

Pluvialis fulva


Moderate


Low


Status: Threatened



This species does not breed in Australia

Source: Birds in Backyards Factsheet

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Pluvialis_dominica1.jpg


40

Least Frigatebird

Fregata ariel


Low


Low


Status: Threatened



Breeding seems to occur between May and December in in the Australian region. They nest in trees (on Christmas Island) and both sexes contribute to nest building and incubation and feeding of the young. One egg is laid which takes 67 weeks to hatch. Fledglings are not left alone for another seven weeks or so for fear that they may be attacked and eaten by other birds including other frigate birds. They remain in the nest for another 6 months or so until fledged but they are cared for and fed by their parents for quite a long time after that.


Masked Booby

Sula Dactylatra


Moderate


Moderate


Status: Vulnerable



The Masked Booby roosts on the ground beside their nests when breeding, although sometimes breeding birds roost on beaches near colonies. Non-breeding adults and juveniles roost on the ground near colonies in small groups. Outside of the breeding season, birds roost on other islands or on the sea surface.

The Masked Booby nests annually, usually in the same area, and often associated with nests of the Brown Booby. The density of nests varies at sites and the species defends the area surrounding the immediate nest. The nest is usually a cleared, circular area. Both parents incubate one or two large eggs for a period of 40 to 49 days

In Australia, the Masked Booby has a laying period of January to July on Cocos-Keeling Islands, with young present from April-December.



41

Red Footed Booby

Sula sula


Moderate


Moderate

Listed Marine Species and Listed Migratory Species



The Red Footed Booby builds a nest in the terminal branches of a supporting tree or shrub. The height at which the nest is placed depends partly on the height of available vegetation. Nests consist mainly of twigs or whatever material is available, and are generally lined with finer twigs and some leafy material. Nests are usually substantial, and are sometimes re-used from year to year.

The species breeds all year round. On Cocos-Keeling Island and Christmas Island the Red Footed Booby's lay eggs from January to July, but mainly in the April to June period. In the Coral Sea, laying is from June to January, but mainly September to October. A single egg is laid which is incubated for approximately 45 days.


Red-tailed

Tropicbirds

Phaethon

rubricauda


Low


Low


Status: Vulnerable



Nests are located on isolated islands at inaccessible locations such as cliffs and may be used for more than six breeding seasons. This species nests individually or in small breeding colonies and is territorial, defending the nest by a defence display and fighting. Nests are a simple scrape that may be surrounded by plant material and stones.

Breeding occurs between October and April. A single egg is laid and incubated for 41 to 51 days by both parents. The parents guard and feed the young for approximately 3 months, at which time the young fledges and becomes independent. The age of breeding and pair formation is unknown.

Source: Red-tailed Tropicbird Threatened Species Information (NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service) 1999

http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/nature/tsprofileRedtailedTropicbird.pdf


42

Ruddy Turnstone

Arenaria Interpres


Moderate


Low


Status: Threatened



This species does not breed in Australia

Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats

Database (SPAT)

Sacred Kingfisher

Todiramphus

sanctus


Moderate


Low


Status: Vulnerable



In Australia, Sacred Kingfishers spend the winter in the north of their range and return south in the spring to breed. For most of the year Sacred Kingfishers are mainly solitary, pairing only for the breeding season. Usually two clutches are laid in a season. Both sexes excavate the nest, which is normally a burrow in a termite mound, hollow branch or river bank. The nest chamber is unlined and can be up to 20m above the ground. Both sexes also incubate the eggs and care for the young. They are a summer breeding migrant arriving in Canberra from the tropics in September. Numbers peak rapidly in October as birds move through the urban areas before settling in woodland or continuing their migration south. The nest is made in a tree hollow, tunnel in an arboreal termite nest or in the earth bank (eg: beside a creek bed). The eggs are incubated for 23 - 25 days and the young start to fly at around 35 days old. Source: Birds In Backyards Fact Sheet

Sooty Tern

Sterna fuscata


Moderate


Low


Status: Vulnerable



This species is a spring/summer breeder with most pairs starting to nest in November but the laying season is prolonged by the harvesting of eggs by islanders. The nest is a shallow scrape in sand or soft soil. During spring a single egg is laid, which is then incubated by both adults for a period of 28 days.

Source: Norfolk Island Region Threatened Species Recovery Plan (Director of National Parks (DNP), 2010

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Ruddy-Turnstone-Floreana.jp


43

Wedge-Tailed

Shearwater

(Mutton Birds)

Puffinus pacificus


Moderate


Low


Status: Threatened



The Wedge-tailed Shearwater breeds colonially and is rarely seen alone during this period. Small flocks are formed at the start of the breeding season and birds often gather in large flocks (up to 600 have been recorded in one flock) in areas where food is concentrated. The Wedge-tailed Shearwater breeds in summer.

Twenty-five per cent of Australian breeding occurs within the Great Barrier Reef and the largest breeding colony is recorded at the Capricorn-Bunker group of islands. The wedge-tailed shearwater breeds between February and November in the Northern Hemisphere and September to June in the Southern Hemisphere, although the exact timing varies with location

The species usually excavates burrows on flat or flattish areas with dense grassy and tussocky vegetation but much depends on the nature of soil and terrain, as at some sites burrows are below the cover of trees and shrubs. In deep soft soil, burrows can be 2+ meters long. At sites with sandy vegetated screes or stable dunes or on flats of shell grit, burrows are approximately 1.5 m long, parallel with the surface or steeply dipping.

A single, very large white egg which is incubated for between 50 and 53 days.


Welcome Swallow

Hirundo neoxena


Low


Low


Status: Critically Endangered



Welcome Swallows readily breed close to human habitation. The nest is an open cup of mud and grass, made by both sexes, and is attached to a suitable structure, such as a vertical rock wall or building. The nest is lined with feathers and fur. The breeding season of the welcome swallow runs from July to April, with a peak in breeding activity between September and October. Breeding tends to occur earlier inland than on the coast. The female welcome swallow lays a clutch of two to seven eggs, although four to five is most common. The eggs are incubated by the female for 14 to 19 days, and both adults feed the chicks, which fledge at 18 to 23 days old Young Welcome Swallows are buffy white, instead of rusty, on the forehead and throat, and have shorter tail streamers.

Source: Birds in Backyards Factsheet

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Willis Island Gecko

Lepit

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