Biotechnology The manipulation of living things to make products benefiting human beings.
What Is Biotechnology?!?. Biotechnology : The manipulation of any living system for the purpose of...
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Transcript of What Is Biotechnology?!?. Biotechnology : The manipulation of any living system for the purpose of...
What Is Biotechnology?!?
Biotechnology:The manipulation of any living system for the purpose of producing a useful product or solving a problem.
Definition Continued:Multidisciplinary science with many powerful applications and great potential for future discoveries
Brief Biotech History8000 BCHumans domesticate crops and
livestock (trait selection)
4000 BCYeast used to brew beer & make
bread
Biotech History Cont. 100 ADFirst insecticide-Powdered
Chrysanthemums
1590-1675Cells Discovered
Biotech History Cont. 1830Proteins & Enzymes Discovered
1835Cell Theory
Biotech History Cont. 1857Pasteur proposed microbes cause
fermentation
1865Mendel & His Peas(cross-breeding)
Biotech History Cont. 1919Word “biotechnology” first seen in
1928Penicillin Discovered
Biotechnology
Biotech History Cont. 1930Plant breeding patented
1953Watson & Crick’s Double Helix
Biotech History Cont. 19611st biopesticide registered (Bt-bacillus thuringiensis)
1963New wheat varieties increase yields by
70%!!!
Biotech History Cont. 1970s1st restriction enzyme used to cut DNA1st complete synthesis of a geneRecombinant DNA or rDNADNA sequencingGuidelines for recombinant DNARecombinant DNA-artificially splicing pieces of DNA together,
usually using specialized enzymes, a necessary step for genetic engineering
DNA Sequencing-laboratory technique for determining the nucleotide sequence (ATGC) or arrangement in a segment of DNA
Biotech History Cont. 1980Oil-eating microorganisms patented by Exxon
19821st Biotech Drug Approved=Human Insulin from GM Bacteria
Biotech History Cont. 19861st GE Vaccine-Hepatitis B1st GE Anti-Cancer Drug-Interferon
1987Field Tests Start-GE Foods
1990Bt CornHuman Genome Project StartedChymosin (biotech substance) approved for cheese
Biotech History Cont. 1993BIO formed=Biotechnology Industry OrganizationBovine Somatotropin approved to increase milk production
19941st GE Whole Food ApprovedFlavrSavr Tomato
Biotech History Cont. 1996-71st weed & insect resistant crops for saleHello Dolly! 1st cloned animal in Scotland
Biotech History Cont. 2000“Golden Rice” technology available for
developing countries
2001First complete map of genome-RiceHuman Genome Draft published
Biotech History Cont. 2003YieldGuard Plus corn-fights both corn borer &
rootworm
2004GM Pet-GloFishDNA-based product tracing system for pork and beef
ONLY THE BEGINNING….