What is a Prokaryote?. A LIVING cell that: NO Nucleus or membrane bound organelles. “Pro” =...
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What is a Prokaryote?
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Transcript of What is a Prokaryote?. A LIVING cell that: NO Nucleus or membrane bound organelles. “Pro” =...
A LIVING cell that: NO Nucleus or membrane bound
organelles. “Pro” = “No Nucleus”
DOES have Cell Membrane, DNA (circular type), Ribosomes, Cytoplasm, and Cilia and/or Flagella
Bacteria
What is a Eukaryote?
All Plant, Animal, Fungi, Protista Cells!!!
Have NUCLEUS and Membrane bound organelles “Eu” = “Yes Nucleus”
What MUST all cells (Eukaryotes & Prokaryotes) have? 4 Things:
DNA Cytoplasm
Cell MembraneRibosomes
What 3 things does a Plant cell have that an Animal cell does
NOT have?
•Cell Wall•Chloroplasts•Large Vacuole
List the 3 parts of the Cell Theory
Cells are the basic unit of life
Cells come from existing cells
All living things are made of 1 or more cells
Who invented the microscope and saw the first living cells in pond water and called them “wee beasties?”
Leeuwenhoek
Who saw cork and named the chambers “Cells”?
HookeSounds like cork!
What did Schwann say?
What did Schleiden say?
Schwann claimed that all animals are made of cells.
Think: Schwann sounds likeSwan the animal
Schleiden claimed that all plants are made of cells.
Think: Schlidin’ down the vine and vines are plants
Who claimed that all cells must come from existing cells (reproduce)?
Virchow“Vircow”
Way to Remember:
Cows come from cows
Cells come from cells
Who did this experiment and did he believe in biogenesis or abiogenesis?
Redi - Biogenesis
Who did this experiment and did he believe in biogenesis or abiogenesis?
Needham – AbiogenesisHe needed more information on how to do a good experiment
Who did this experiment and did he believe in biogenesis or abiogenesis?
Pasteur - Biogenesis
What determines the shape of a cell?
The cell’s FUNCTION!
What are the four levels of cell organization starting from the cell?
What is it called when cells perform a specific function
for an organism? Give some examples
Cell SpecializationRed blood cells
blood cells
Nerve cellsWhite
What is the semi-permeable, phospholipid bilayer (contains lipids and proteins) that regulates what goes in and out of a cell?
Cell Membrane
What is the hard covering of the plant
cell called?
Cell Wall
What does the cell wall do for a plant cell?
What 3 things pass through the cell membrane or cell wall easily?
Diffusion
Diffusion
Osmosis
What is located in the cell membrane to selectively allow things into and out of the cell?
Proteins & Protein Channels
What is the jelly-like substance between the cell membrane and the
nucleus?
Cytoplasm
What is the control center of the cell? NUCLEUS
Nucleolus
What is the organelle that is inside the nucleus and makes ribosomes?
What is the genetic material that is inside the nucleus called when it is threadlike?
Chromatin (Hint: looks like spaghetti)
What is the genetic material inside the nucleus called when it has condensed and preparing for cell division?
Chromosome
What covers the outside of the nucleus and what are the holes called to allow ribosomes and RNA out?
Nuclear Membrane and Nuclear Pores
What is the organelle that makes energy for the cell? What cells have it?
Mitochondria
Plant & Animal
What makes proteins in the cell?
Hint:
What organelle makes food by photosynthesis for the plant cell?
Chloroplasts
What are chloroplasts, leukoplasts, and
chromoplasts called?
Plastids
What is the large sac in a plant cell and small sac in an animal called that holds water and used for storage?
VACUOLE
What digests and gets rid of unwanted things inside of the cell?
What is the organelle that is a folded membrane and moves material
throughout the cell such as proteins, lipids, or carbohydrates?
Transportation of Proteins
Transportation of Lipids & Carbs
What is the organelle that packages and wraps materials to transport out of cell?
Hint: Think of sending a gold necklace to your friend through the mail.
Golgi Bodies or Apparatus
What are the microtubules
covering the cell like hair used for movement?
What are the microtubules that are whip-like and
used for movement?
Cilia
Flagella
TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
The movement of molecules from an area of HIGH → LOW concentration is called ________?
________
TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
Water movement across the cell membrane is called
_____.
TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
What is the transportation of particles across the cell membrane called that does NOT NEED ENERGY but NEEDS A PROTEIN CHANNEL?
TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
What is the transportation of particles across the cell membrane from low to high concentration called that DOES NEED ENERGY (ATP) and NEEDS A PROTEIN CHANNEL?
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
What is the transportation of particles into the cell called when the particle is too big to fit through the protein channel? Hint: Enters cell
TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
What is the transportation of particles out of the cell called when the particle is too big to fit through the protein channel? Hint: Exits cell
TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE
Endocytosis and Exocytosis (moving big particles in or out of the cell) is also called _______ ________.
Bulk Transport
When the solute concentration inside and outside of the cell is equal this is
called______ and the cell shrinks, swells, or stays the same?
Stays the same
When the solute concentration outside the cell is higher than inside the cell it is called______ and the cell shrinks, swells,
or stays the same?
Cell Shrinks
When the solute concentration inside the cell is higher than outside the cell it is
called______ and the cell shrinks, swells, or stays the same?
Cell Swells and could Burst
Remember:Water moves from the low solute side to the higher solute side trying to equal the
concentrations on both sides
Name the 3 reasons cells cannot be the size of a basketball.
1. Geometry: Volume increases faster than Surface area
2. Practical aspects: Nucleus can’t handle that big of a job.
3. Specialization: Lots of smaller cells that do the same function can work together to perform a big job.
Be able to identify the organelles in plant and animal cells from various pictures!!!!
Be able to identify which organelles belong to Plant, Animal, or Prokaryotic Cells !
