Informal Fallacies “A Short Catalog of Informal Fallacies” .
What are fallacies? Deceptive, misleading, or false beliefs Opinions based on inaccurate facts or...
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Transcript of What are fallacies? Deceptive, misleading, or false beliefs Opinions based on inaccurate facts or...
![Page 1: What are fallacies? Deceptive, misleading, or false beliefs Opinions based on inaccurate facts or invalid reasoning.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062304/56649e7e5503460f94b818bc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
What are fallacies?
• Deceptive, misleading, or false beliefs• Opinions based on inaccurate facts or invalid
reasoning
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Reading Everything’s An Argument
• Write the definition for each fallacy on your green sheet
• Definitions found on p. 515-533 in the book
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Fallacies of Emotional Appeal
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Scare Tactics
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Either-or choices
Eat your broccoli or no dessert!
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Slippery Slope
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCuPyLeDzng&feature=relmfu
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Sentimental Appeals
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Fallacies of Ethical Argument
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Appeals to False Authorities
• “Dr. Blair claims that chewing Trident gum is good for your teeth.”– If Dr. Blair is a dentist, this would be an appeal
using proper authorities.– If Dr. Blair is NOT a dentist, and is instead an
English professor, she is not an authority on dental hygiene.
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Dogmatism
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Ad Hominem
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Fallacies of Logical Argument
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Hasty Generalization
Assuming that if my Ford breaks down, all Fords are poorly made cars.
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Faulty Causality
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Begging the Question
• Claim: You can’t give me a C in this course…• Reason: because I’m an A student.
• Faulty Logic: An “A student” is someone who can’t receive C’s.
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Equivocation
“I wrote the whole paper myself”Word play implies that she did not plagarize, but it could mean that she simply physically copied down
another paper, therefore “writing” it herself
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Non Sequitur
= nonsense!
All roses are flowers, all flowers are plants… and therefore all birds have feathers.
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The Straw Man
Obama stated that “We can no longer afford to be indifferent to suffering outside our borders.”
--Implies that no one cared before.
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Faulty Analogy
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• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3DxDBH9nn4&feature=relmfu
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Fallacies in Political Ads
• Take one ad from each pile.• Take four post-its.• Please do not write on the ads.• Read everything on your ads.• Label and explain four or more fallacies on
your ads.