Welcome to U.S. History II

Ms. Varnum

Syllabus & Academic Integrity

Any questions?

Classroom Policies

•Mutual Respect• Cell Phones• Bathroom• Food

True or False?

1. During WWII the United States economy suffered.

2. The United States and Great Britain were both members of the Allied Powers

3. The United States and the Soviet Union Fought against each other in WWII

Write 3 additional facts about WWII

Unit 1: Day 1

Directions

• Read “Telescoping the Times: The United States in World War II” (taken from The Americans)• In your notebook, answer the following questions:• 1. What social changes arose from the war?• 2. What economic changes arose from the war?• 3. Based on this reading, describe the relationship

between the US and the USSR during WWII.

Making Predictions• What were some possible causes of tension

between the US and USSR after WWII?

The Cold War

Exit Ticket• Directions: Write your answer to the following question in

complete sentences. Be specific and include as much detail as possible. Answers will be collected on your way out of class.

“How did the end of WWII lead to the Cold War?”

Unit 1: The Cold War• Do Now:• Create a “Do Now” page in your notebook – answer all Unit 1 Do

Now questions on that page. (Hint: This might come in handy for quizzes/tests)

• Answer the following questions:1. When did the US celebrate the end of WWII in Europe and

the Pacific?A. December, 1944 B. June, 1944 C. May, 1945 D. August, 1945 E. February, 1946

2. Who were the leaders of the major allied forces at the end of WWII?

Unit 1: Day 2

Directions:1. Create a T-Chart (like the one below) in your notebook2. Read pg. 808-811 in The Americans. Fill in your T-Chart as you

read. 3. Compare your chart with a partner4. Place a $ next to economic goals. Place a # next to goals that

involved self-protection.

US Goals after WWII USSR Goals after WWII

Capitalism vs. CommunismCapitalism: n. an economic system in which private individuals and corporations control the means of production and use them to earn profits.- Anyone can start their own

business, earn their own profit- Rule of laws: certain things you

can and cant do- Prices & Wages are determined

by supply & demand- Free Enterprise- Economic system- Government plays limited role- Uneven distribution of wealth –

3 class sytem

Communism: n. an economic and political system based on one party government and state ownership of property.- Equal distribution of wealth and

power- Economic and political system - Little or no private ownership of

property & no political freedom- Dictatorship (Stalin)

Exit Ticket

• Would you prefer to live in a communist society or a capitalist society? Why?

Do Now:3. True or false: There are elections in a communist controlled country.4. True or false: During the Cold War, the United States and Soviet Union never directly fought each other.5. The “Iron Curtain” became known as the divide in_________

a. Asiab. Americac. Germanyd. Soviet Unione. Europe

6. The world peacekeeping body formed after WWII was called the

a. League of Nationsb. United Nationsc. North Atlantic Treaty Organizationd. Warsaw Pact

Unit 1: Day 3

Capitalism vs. Communism

Capitalism vs. Communism• Private ownership

(houses/businesses)• Different classes

(uneven distribution of wealth)• Competition drives

innovation

• Government has control of economic decisions• No private ownership

(government owns everything)• No class distinctions• No individual

freedom/economic freedom

Analyzing Motives• Independent Activity: Read handout and complete chart at the

bottom of the page.

Experiences During War

Emotions after War

Needs After War

Soviet Union

Suffered more casualties and destruction than other Allied forces

- Feared another invasion from the west - revenge, payback, etc.

-Rebuild- Protection

United States

Considerably fewer casualtiesVery little destruction

- Feared totalitarian governments

- Emerged from the war economically stronger than ever

- Needed free markets in Europe to sell large amount of goods it produced

Goals After WWIIUnited States

1. Gain access to raw materials/markets in Eastern Europe

2. Rebuild European governments to establish new markets for US goods

3. Prevent spread of communism

Soviet Union1. Spread

communism2. Control Eastern

Europe (economy, protection from satellite nations); balance US power

3. Keep Germany weak/divided

Ch. 26, Sec. 2: Guided ReadingCivil War in China Civil War in Korea

1. Which side did the US support and why?

The Nationalists, because they opposed communism.

South Korea because it was democratic and North Korea was communist/totalitarian.

2. What did the US do to affect the outcome of the war?

Sent the nationalists billions of dollars in military equipment and supplies; tried to negotiate end to the war

Provide naval and air support; sent troops; went to war

3. What was the outcome of the war?

The communists won; nationalists forced to flee to Taiwan

Stalemate; Korea remains 2 nations separated by a demilitarized zone; US lost 54,000 soldiers & spent $67 billion

4. How did the American public react to that outcome and why?

Fear, shock, anger; refused to accept communism as China’s true government; couldn’t believe that the policy of containment failed.

High cost of war led Americans to reject democratic party.

Do Now:Unit 1: Day 4

Happy Monday!

• Do Now: Quiz! • Please put phones on desk face down OR

in phone jail. • Phones during quiz = automatic zero. No

excuses. • Questions 10 & 11: Write in complete

sentences, provide detail and support for your answer. 3pts each!

Causes & Effects of Cold WarCAUSES

US & USSR had opposite beliefs

USSR dominated Eastern Europe

US believed in containment of communism

COLD WAR BEGAN IN 1947

EFFECTS

US developed the Berlin Airlift to help West Berlin, Germany

NATO was formed

Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan aided Europe

America fought communist forces in N. Korea

America tried to help China resist communism and failed

Class Participation Rubric

Primary Source Documents

Reading Like a Historian

• Sourcing (before reading!)• Contextualization (before reading!)• Close Reading (as you read/after you read)• Corroboration (after you read)

Reading Like a Historian• Sourcing:• Who wrote your document and when was it written?• What is the author’s Perspective?

• Contextualization• When and where was the document created?• What was going on at the time this document was created?

• Close Reading• What claims does the author make?• What evidence does the author use?

Reading Like a Historian

• Corroboration (putting it all together)• What do other documents say?• Do the documents agree? If not, why?• What documents are most reliable?

Happy Monday!Do Now:

7. What do we know about US foreign policy during The Cold War?

8. Draw something that relates to The Cold War.

*Foreign Policy = (noun) a government’s strategy in dealing with other nations

Containment

•What: A U.S. policy developed to deal with the Soviet threat. • Goal: to prevent the extension of

communist rule to other countries. • Effect: Guided the Truman administration’s

foreign policy.

Containment• Truman Doctrine• Provided $400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey between 1947

and 1950 • Prevented spread of soviet control to these countries

• The Marshall Plan• Provided $12.5 billion in aid to European countries between

1948-1952• Revived European hope – by 1952 Western Europe flourishing

• Berlin Airlift• US & British aid to West Berlin using airplanes to transport 2.3

million tons of supplies (food, coal, medicine, etc.) after the city was blockaded by the Soviet Union• 327 days straight, 277,000 flights into Berlin

Berlin Airlift Re-telling

•Work in groups of 4 • Put cards in correct order of story• Then, try to retell the story• Pass cards when you get stuck•When everyone in your group can retell

the entire story, YOU WIN!

Do Now

9. What did the Berlin Airlift, the Truman Doctrine, and the Marshall Plan all have in common?

10. Did the U.S. policy of containment apply only to Europe?

Korea & ChinaDirections:1. Read pages 815-821 in your textbook and answer the

following questions in complete sentences in your notebook.

1. What factors led to the Communist takeover in China?

2. How did Korea become a divided nation after World War II?

3. How did the involvement of Communist China affect the Korean War?

4. How did Truman and MacArthur differ over strategy in the Korean War?

The Korean War: Different Perspectives

Directions:1. Read the excerpts from “Textbook A” and “Textbook B”2. Answer the following questions in your notebook:

1. According to each textbook, how did the Korean War start?

2. Which of these textbooks do you find more trustworthy? Why? (use specific examples from each text to support your answer)

3. Where else would you look in order to figure out how the Korean War started?

4. Which textbook comes from North Korea? Which comes from South Korea? (use specific examples from each text to support your answer)

Textbook A Textbook B

The Korean War: Different Perspectives

Textbook AHistory of the Revolution of our Great Leader Kim Il-sun: High School. (Pongyang, North Korea: Textbook Publishing Co., 1999).

Textbook BKim, Doojin. Korean History: Senior High. (Seoul, South Korea: Dae HanTextbook Co.), 2001.

Exit Ticket

•How did US action in China lead to the Korean War?

•Write one potential quiz question for Ch. 26, Sections 1 &2

Monday, 9/29

3. Read Section 3 (pg. 822-827)- Answer following questions in your

notebook: - 3 “MAIN IDEA” questions: A (pg. 823), B (pg.

824), C (pg. 825)- Section 3 Assessment #1 & 2 (pg. 827)

Do Now:• Put everything away!

Red Dot Game:1. Pick a piece of paper – DON’T SHOW ANYONE! Put

in pocket (must stay there entire game!!!)2. GOAL:

BLANK paper: Create the largest group of people with ONLY blank paper – largest group WINS!

RED DOT paper: get into a group with blank paper – YOU WIN!

What are civil liberties?Definition: individual rights protected by law from unjust governmental or other interference.

Civil liberties are guaranteed by the Bill of Rights and the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution.

Examples:

13th Amendment: prohibits slavery and involuntary servitude

14th Amendment: prohibits…- any law that would abridge the “privileges and immunities” of U.S. citizens - deprive any person “life, liberty or property…without due process of law” - Deny any person equal protection under the law

15th Amendment: guarantees the right of all U.S. citizens to vote.

Concept Map

Anti-Communist fear gripped the

country

Do Now:

Answer these questions on your DO NOW PAGE of your notebook!

11. Why were Americans worried about the security of the United States during the Cold War?

12. What 2 government organizations were formed to stop the spread of communism in the United States?

Causes and Effects: McCarthyism

Causes• Soviets successfully establish

Communists regimes in Eastern Europe after WWII.• Soviets develop the atomic bomb more

quickly than expected• Korean War ends in stalemate• Republicans gain politically by accusing

Truman and Democrats of being soft on communism

Causes and Effects: McCarthyism

Effects• Millions of Americans are forced to take

loyalty oaths and undergo loyalty investigations.• Activism by labor unions goes into

decline. • Many people are afraid to speak out on

public issues.• Anti-communism continues driving U.S.

foreign policy.

Causes and Effects: McCarthyismCauses

• Soviets successfully establish Communists regimes in Eastern Europe after WWII.

• Soviets develop the atomic bomb more quickly than expected

• Korean War ends in stalemate

• Republicans gain politically by accusing Truman and Democrats of being soft on communism

Effects• Millions of Americans are

forced to take loyalty oaths and undergo loyalty investigations.• Activism by labor unions

goes into decline. • Many people are afraid to

speak out on public issues.• Anti-communism continues

driving U.S. foreign policy.

The Americans, p. 827

Herblock, Washington Post, October 31, 1947, Library of Congress

"Say, what ever happened to 'freedom-from-fear'?"August 13, 1951. Published in the Washington Post

Going against McCarthy

"I speak as a Republican. I speak as a woman. I speak as a United States senator. I speak as an

American...I am not proud of the way in which the Senate has been made a publicity platform for

irresponsible sensationalism. I am not proud of the reckless abandon in which unproved charges have

been hurled from this side of the aisle.”Senator Margaret Chase Smith

Do Now:

13. In your own words, define McCarthyism.

14. Who gained politically from McCarthyism? Why did they benefit?

Section 2 Quiz

*Chance to earn 3 points on your Section 2 Quiz*

Describe the foreign policy of the United States during the Cold War.

Include specific examples and the overall goal of the U.S.

Two Nations Live on the Edge1. Fear/horror because Soviet Union’s development of the atomic bomb

took away the U.S. advantage – developed the Hydrogen bomb in response (“Arms Race”)

2. Used cover CIA action to topple the Iranian government in order to establish a government more favorable to Western interests

3. Used cover CIA action to topple the Guatemalan government in order to establish a government more favorable to Western interests

4. Eisenhower Doctrine created to prevent attacks from Communist countries; asked the U.N. to order a cease-fire and the withdrawal of troops

5. Protested the invasion, but policy of containment did not support driving Soviets from satellite nations. U.S. did little to help.

6. Poured money into space program and education; felt vulnerable to nuclear attack and inferior to Soviet Union science and technology (“Space Race”)

7. At first lied about the purpose of the flight; then publicly admitted guilt to salvage an impending summit conference on the arms race

Exit Ticket

TO BE TURNED IN:

- Create a list of topics to consider for the Unit 1 Test next week. This should include main ideas covered this unit (events, people, conflicts, etc.)- Put an asterisk next to items on your list that need clarification before the test.

Do Now:

15. True or False: America tested new nuclear weapons during the 1950s and 1960s.

16. Why were people terrified of the Soviet Union having nuclear weapons? How did people prepare for possible attacks?