Animals and Animal Behavior Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic, and heterotrophs.
Welcome to…. THE ANIMAL KINGDOM Multicellular heterotrophs with tissues.
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Transcript of Welcome to…. THE ANIMAL KINGDOM Multicellular heterotrophs with tissues.
Welcome to….
THE ANIMAL KINGDOMMulticellular heterotrophs with tissues
Porifera – sponges
Cnidaria-- jellyfish, hydras, anemones, etc.
Platyhelminthes-- flatworms
Nematoda– roundworms
Annelida-- segmented worms and leeches
Mollusca-- clams, snails, octopuses, squid
Arthropoda-- insects, crustaceans, arachnids
Echinodermata-- starfish, brittlestars, sand dollars
Chordata– vertebrates: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
Animal CharacteristicsMulticellular heterotrophs that:
have a body cavity
do not have cell walls (unlike plants, fungi, and
bacteria)
have tissues-- groups of cells that work together/recognize each other
have tissues arranged into organs.
Animals are sometimes classified according to their symmetry(complex animals have more sophisticated symmetry)
Asymmetry—no apparent symmetry (many sponges)Spherical symmetry—no top, bottom, left, right, front, or back (embryological stages-- morula, etc.)Radial symmetry—have top and bottom (starfish, jellyfish, et.al.)Bilateral symmetry—have front, back, right, left, top, bottom (worms, humans, dogs)
Directions on a bilaterally-symmetrical animal
DORSAL
ANTERIOR POSTERIOR
VENTRAL LATERAL: toward the side
Animals are sometimes classified by degree of cephalization
Cephalization: anterior brain and sensory organs
Allows for more efficient concentration of effort in one region rather than having the entire body fulfill that function. Can therefore identify threats, or opportunities, more quickly.
Animals are sometimes classified as:Invertebrates—no backbone
Vertebrates—have backbone /dorsal nerve cord
Animals are sometimes classified by their body cavity:(coelom = body cavity)
Acoelomates—no body cavity (some sponges have b.c.)Pseudocoelomates—have fold that functions as b.c.Coelomates—have a true body cavity for organs