Welcome to SGI and nonfictionVocabulary Terms: doctrine, inherently, reputation, inferior, unanimously

Asking Questions:

What evidence did Thurgood Marshall use to prove that “separate but equal” schools were not fair?

How many of the Supreme Court justices sided with Chief Justice Warren in finding “separate but equal” schools to be unequal?

September 19, 2012

AIM: to explain how the body responses to foreign invaders; to explain common malfunctions

HOMEWORK: Sex Ed Parent Letter and Workshop Flier(please don’t fold); bring an apple for a lab experiment as discussed with tablemates

Do Now: Tomorrow’s lab investigation requires 4 apples review your notes about the scientific method an discuss what kind of apples should be brought in make a reliable investigation.

READING: Pair reading pages 145-151

NOTES: The Immune System

The Immune System

How the body defenses itself

Structure Function

Skin Barrier protection; first line of defense; sweat and oils can destroy pathogens

Breathing Passages (Respiratory Systems)

Mucus and little hairs (cilia) that line the respiratory system trap and remove pathogens; coughing and sneezing can expel pathogens

Mouth and Stomach (Digestive Systems)

Saliva and gastric acids destroy pathogens

White Blood Cells called phagocytes engulfs pathogens and destroys tem by breaking them downcalled lymphocytes distinguishes between different types pathogens

Lymphocytes T-Cells identify pathogens based on it’s antigens (markers on pathogens) as a foreign bodyB-Cells produce antibodies (proteins) that help destroy pathogens; the antibodies binds to the antigens so the phagocyte can recognize it and destroy it

Lymphatic SystemStructure Functions

Lymph vessels

Closely associated with blood vessels; carries lymph fluids throughout the body

Bone Marrow Produces Lymphocytes: B-Cells mature here

Thymus Gland

T-Cells mature here

Lymph Nodes Holding areas for lymphocytes located throughout the body connected to lymph vessels

Spleen Reservoir for blood; filters the blood and lymph fluid

Inflammatory Response

• 2nd line of defense• Triggered when pathogens slip the barriers and

start damaging cells• Lymph fluid and white blood cells leak into nearby

tissues• Inflammation is a result of the fluid and blood

rushing to the infected area; making area swollen• Fever is a way of fighting infections; higher

temperature may prevent pathogens from growing and reproducing

Immune Response

1. T-Cells recognize antigens on virus

2. Some T-Cells begin to attack virus

3. Other T-Cells signal B-Cells to make antibodies

4. Antibodies bind to antigens and cause the viruses to stick together so the phagocyte can engulf them

http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/immunesystem/

• Vaccine

• Antibiotics

• HIV

• Autoimmunity

September 20, 2012AIM: to explain how the body responses to foreign invaders; to explain common malfunctions

HOMEWORK: Bring in INDEX CARDS (min. 10) and colored pencils

Do Now: Read over lab investigation

Lab Investigation: What’s the purpose of skin?

Have Out Last Night’s HW

Skin ProtectionProblem: Skin is the largest organ of the human body. All organisms have skin so what’s the purpose of skin?

Background Research and Observations: Watch this video about skin and make notes about skin’s functions. View skin cells under a microscope and illustrate what you see.

Questions/Wonderings: After viewing the video about skin and looking at skin cells what questions come to mind.

Inferences: Make 2-3 inferences about the purpose of skin.

Hypothesis: Answer the question what is the purpose of skin? Use an if…then statement.

Skin Protection Procedures1. Read over the entire procedure to see how you will treat each of the four fresh apples. 2. Wash your hands with hand sanitizer. Then gently wash the four fresh apples with water and dry them carefully

with paper towels.3. Label four plastic bags: 1, 2, 3, and 4.4. Place one apple into plastic bag 1 and seal the bag.5. Insert a toothpick into the rotting apple and then withdraw it. Then lightly rub the second apple with the toothpick

without breaking the skin. Repeat three times.6. Place second apple in plastic bag 2 and seal the bag.7. Insert a toothpick into the rotting apple and then withdraw it. Then gently scratch the skin of the third apple with

the toothpick you want to pierce the skin. Repeat three times.8. Place third apple in plastic bag 3 and seal the bag.9. Insert a toothpick into the rotting apple and then withdraw it. Then gently scratch the skin of the 4th apple with

the toothpick you want to pierce the skin. Repeat three times.10. Carefully open alcohol wipe and then rub it gingerly along the apple where you made the scratches.11. Place fourth apple in plastic bag 4 and seal the bag.12. Write a prediction about the changes you expect to see in each apple.13. Store the bags in a warm, dark place.14. Every day for one week, remove the apples from their storage place and observe them without opening the

bags.15. Record your observations and return the bags to their storage place.

Observations/Data Table

Date Apple 1 Apple 2 Apple 3 Apple 4

No contact with decay

Contact with decay skin unbroken

Contact with decay, punctured skin

Contact with decay, treated with alcohol

Sept. 20 ColorMarksTextureSmell

Sept. 21

September 21, 2012AIM: to explain how the body responses to foreign invaders; to describe structures and functions of the immune system

HOMEWORK: 1 minute quiz

Do Now: Record observations about your team’s apples

Classwork: The Immune System Flashcards

Stack Up Last Night’s HW

September 24, 2012AIM: to explain how the body responses to foreign invaders; to describe structures and functions of the immune system

HOMEWORK: 1 minute quiz

Do Now: Record observations about your team’s apples

Classwork: MRSA, the Superbug

Stack Up Last Night’s HW

September 25, 2012AIM: to define the role of hormones in the body; to explain common malfunctions

HOMEWORK: 1 minute quiz

DO NOW: Record apple observations

READING: Pair reading pages 216-220 using SQ3R

NOTES: The Endocrine System

October 3, 2011

AIM: to define the role of hormones in the body; to explain common characteristics of puberty

HOMEWORK: Puberty 101 Discussion with parents

DO NOW: On a green post it write down ways we should talk about sex in school

On a blue post it write down ways we should not speak about sex in school

READING: Pair reading and summarize

NOTES: Puberty Venn Diagram

October 4, 2011

AIM: to define the role of hormones in the body; to explain common characteristics of puberty

HOMEWORK: Complete your pamphlet with color.

DO NOW: Using your Endocrine System flashcards quiz your tablemate.

READING: Create a pamphlet for the 5th and 6th graders and their parents

EXIT SLIP: Puberty Quiz

Create a pamphlet about Puberty

Target Audience: 5th and 6th graders and parents.

Content:

1.Define puberty

2.Describe physical changes

3.Describe emotional changes

4.Distinguish between boys and girls

5.Discuss menstruation

Visuals/Graphics

Include images/drawings and diagrams that are appropriate for the age group.

Scoring: 10pts for definition

20pts for physical changes

20pts for emotional changes

20pts for distinguishing

between boys and girls

20pts for menstruation

10pts for visual representation

October 6, 2011

AIM: to define procreation and describe developmental process from fertilized egg to infant

HOMEWORK: Sequence the path of pregnancy

DO NOW: Using your Endocrine System flashcards quiz your tablemate.

NOTES: Human Reproduction

October 6, 2011

AIM: to describe the structures and functions of the female reproductive system

HOMEWORK: Sequence the path of ova (paste in Notes sections of your notebook)

DO NOW: Using your Endocrine System flashcards quiz your tablemate.

NOTES: Human Reproductive System

October 7, 2011

AIM: to define procreation and describe developmental process from fertilized egg to infant

HOMEWORK: Sequence the path of pregnancy

DO NOW: Using your Endocrine System flashcards quiz your tablemate.

NOTES: Human Reproduction

October 5, 2011

AIM: to describe the structures and functions of the male reproductive system

HOMEWORK: Sequence the path of sperm (paste in Notes sections of your notebook)

DO NOW: Using your Endocrine System flashcards quiz your tablemate.

NOTES: Human Reproductive System

Stack up homework

The Endocrine System

Produces chemicals that control many of the body’s daily activities; regulates long-term changes such as growth and development

Structure Functions

Hypothalamus •gland linking nervous and endocrine systems; controls sleep, hunger, and basic processes through nerve messages •produces hormones that control the pituitary gland•maintains homeostasis

Pituitary Gland •controls other endocrine glands and organs•regulates growth, blood pressure and water balance

Thymus Gland •produces hormones that help the immune system develop during childhood

Adrenal Glands •release hormones like adrenaline which triggers body’s response to emergency situation

Thyroid Glands controls the release of energy from food molecules inside cells

Parathyroid Glands regulate amount of calcium in blood

Pancreas produces hormones-insulin and glucagon- to control glucose levels

Ovaries releases female sex hormones like estrogen which control puberty and production of ova

Testes releases sex hormone-testosterone, which controls puberty in males and regulates sperm production

http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/endocrinesystem/

Hormones

• Chemicals produced in the endocrine system• Turn on, turn off, speed up, or slow down the

activities of organs• Travel through the blood• Nerve impulse triggers release of hormone• Target cells are cells that recognize the

hormone’s chemical structure

Negative Feedback

Puberty Physical ChangesFemale

• 9-14 years old

• Pituitary Gland signals ovaries to release the hormone: estrogen

• growth hormones stimulate growth of body

• pubic and underarm hair

• Weight gain about the hips, curvier body, development of breast

• Menstruation begins

• Acne

Male• 10-17 years old

• Pituitary Gland signals testes to release the hormone: testosterone

• growth hormones stimulate growth of body, widening of shoulders, stronger muscles

• Deeper voice

• pubic and underarm hair

• Spontaneous erections

• Acne

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Next steps

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