Welcome to First Aid/CPR/AED for School and Community

Welcome to First Aid /CPR/AED for School and Community

Explain why it is safe to use training manikins. (pg. viii)Page viii & ix- Take a few minutes to read the pages explaining how using manikins in the classroom can be safe.

Why are manikins safe to use when learning FirstAid Skills?

ReviewGive 2 reasons explaining why manikins are safe to use when learning First Aid Skills?

What do we use in class in place of cleaning the manikins?

What are the guidelines and precautions we will take to further protect ourselves and each other from infection?

Review the leading cause of death for people ages 1-44 and explain why it is relevant to this course. (pg. 1)Lets Brainstorm! What do you think are the leading causes of death in the U.S.?What do you think are the leading causes of death for your age group?

10 Leading Causes of Death by Age Group

Other than saving a life, explain the need to act quickly in an emergency situation.

Explain your role in the EMS system using the four steps. (pg. 2)Step 1. Recognize that an emergency exists.USE YOUR SENSES to help you recognize an emergency.Explain how our senses help in an emergency?

Step 2: Decide to Act (pg. 3) List the most common factors that keep people from acting in an emergency.Panic or fear of doing something wrongBeing unsure of the persons conditionAssuming someone else will take actionThe type of injury or illnessFear of getting a disease *Fear of being sued *Not knowing when to call 911 *

Can you be sued?

The Good Samaritan Law:A citizen responder cannot be sued if first aid is performed CORRECTLY.

What everyone should know about helping in an emergency.Be able to explain how Standard Precautions are used to help a citizen responder reduce disease transmission. (pg. 5-7)What diseases are of MOST concern when acting as a responder in an emergency?

HIV (pg.8) and Hepatitis MRSA and Staph

Lets read How Disease Spreads. (pg. 5)

What are some examples of Universal Precautions?

Barriers

Avoid direct contactLets look at How to Remove Gloves Properly (Page 24) This is a way to use Standard Precautions.

Cleaning Up Blood SpillsThe best solution to use is liquid chlorine bleach.

Dispose in a Biohazard can, or bag.

Activity for Universal PrecautionsStudents will be divided into 3-4 groups.Each group will be given a color coded set of cards.Each group must determine if the item on the card reduces the risk, or increases the risk of spreading disease by placing the cards under their appropriate signs.Each group must be prepared to discuss.10 minutes will be given for this activity.

Should I call 9-1-1?Minor bruiseChest painCat scratch on cheekSplinter in fingerPain in the abdomenInjury to the headBloody noseStep 3: Activating EMS, or calling 911What is the MOST important thing to remember when calling 911?

Do not hang up until told by the dispatcher to do so.

Examples of When to Call 9-1-1

Step 4: Give Care Until Help Takes OverWhen would you stop providing care?

Obvious signs of life (breathing)Another trained responder takes overToo exhausted to continueScene becomes unsafe

List and explain the two types of consent needed to treat victims in an emergency situation. (pg. 5)Expressed consent is: verbal consent given by an adult or the parents of an ill or injured child

Implied consent is: obtained when an adult victim is unconscious or the parents of a child are not present.

Explain the emergency action steps of CCC. (pg. 8-14)The First Emergency Action Step is CHECK.

What does the responder need to check?The scene and THEN the victim

Know the factors that are important in checking the scene. (pg. 9)Is it safe?Is there immediate danger?What happened?How many people are involved?Is anyone else available to help?What is wrong with the victim?

Important Factors When Checking the Victim (pg. 10)Check for consciousness by tapping and shouting, Are you OK?

Check to see what is wrong with the victim. Look for signals of life-threatening emergencies, (severe bleeding, choking, etc.)

Use you senses of sight, smell and hearing to help determine what happened and the severity of the illness or injury.

Step 2 is CALLWhat is the most important thing to remember when calling 9-1-1?

What information do you give the EMS (9-1-1)?

What happens when you call 9-1-1?

If you are alone, do you Call First or Care First?See the next slide for the rules!

If you are alone, CALL first ifAny adult or child 12 years or older that is unconscious.

A child or infant who you have witnessed suddenly collapses.

An unconscious child or infant known to have heart problems.

If youre alone, CARE first forAn unconscious child, younger than 12 who you did not see collapse.

Any drowning victims.

Any conscious choking victims.

Any severe bleeding victims.Care is the Third StepOnce you check the scene and the victim/s and make the decision to call 911, you need to give care to the victim/s.

What does Do No Further Harm mean? As a rescuer, you will not be covered under the Good Samaritan Law if you do something you shouldnt do to worsen the injury or illness of a victim.

An example may be moving the victim of a head, neck or back injury when you do not need to move them to give care.

Transporting a PersonRules to remember when deciding to transport a victim yourself, dont transfer if:The trip may cause additional injury.The person has or may develop a life- threatening condition.If you are unsure of the injury or illness.

Explain the rules for moving an ill or injured person. (pg. 11)Generally, an ill or injured person should not be moved. When might it be appropriate to move a person?When faced with immediate danger.

When you have to get to another person who may have a more serious problem.

When it is necessary to give proper care.

Techniques for moving an Injured VictimUse your legs, not your back.Bend at the knees and hips to avoid twisting you body.Walk forward when possible; take small steps.Avoid twisting or bending a victim with suspected, head, neck or spine injury.Do not move a victim that is too large.

Explain the ways to move a victim in an emergency situation (pgs. 23-25)Walking AssistPack-Strap CarryTwo-Person Seat CarryClothes DragBlanket DragAnkle Drag

Group DemonstrationsEach group will be assigned a carry.Read your specific movement or carry in the book. (pgs. 12-14)Practice your assigned movement.Be prepared to demonstrate and explain to the class.Dont forget to tell us when this would be appropriate!Moving a victim in the waterDo not go into the water for an active victim unless you have been trained.

Use reaching assists (extend your reach).

Moving a victim in the water (contd)Use throwing assists

Use wading assists in shallow water when no current is present.

Checking a Conscious VictimObjectives will appear in greenBe able to explain the age perimeters for adult, child and infant in first aid.EQ. What are the ages for an adult, child and infant ?

An adult is considered 12 and overA child is 1-12An infant is birth to 1

List steps that the citizen responder would take in checking the conscious person. (pages 14-15)Conduct the interviewAsk questionsRate pain

Check for Physical ProblemsAdults from head to toe

Children toe to head

What might a rescuer find during a check of a ill or injured victim?BloodCuts

Pale, Red or Ashen Skin

Difficulty breathing

Broken BonesCold Clammy SkinClear drainage from the ears

Lack of movementUnexplained PainUnusual BehaviorExplain what a medical alert tag is and how it helps the citizen responder (page 15)This will help the rescuer determine what may be wrong with the victim!

Be able to explain the condition of shock, the signals of shock and how to care for shock. (Pages 34-35) What is the definition of shock?

Shock is a condition in which the circulatory system fails to deliver oxygen-rich blood to the bodys vital organs and tissues.

What are the symptoms of shock?Restlessness and irritabilityAltered state of consciousnessNausea and vomitingPale, ashen, cool moist skinRapid pulse and breathingExcessive thirst

How do you care for shock as a rescuer?

Call 911Have the person lie down, elevate the feetControl external bleedingHelp maintain body temperatureDO NOT give anything to eat or drinkReassure the victimMonitor the ABCS

Explain and demonstrate how to check an unconscious victim. (pages 32-34) How do you open the airway?

How do you check for signs of breathing?

Is there severe bleeding?

How do you check for circulation?

Be able to demonstrate the log roll and the recovery positionThis is a safe way to move victims from stomach to back and then into recovery position (Reposition the victim if they have been in recovery position for 30 minutes)

Explain what A,B,C means in First Aid (Pages 17)AirwayOpen by head tilt/chin lift

Breathing-- Look, Listen and Feel for Breath

If Breathing is absent, give 2 rescue breaths

CirculationCheck pulse for no more than 10 seconds

Carotid

BrachialCPR BarriersFace shieldsResuscitation masks

Explain how to do rescue breaths in special situations. (Page 20-21)Air in the stomachVomitingMouth-to-NoseStoma BreathingHead, Neck and Back InjuriesDrowning Victims

Be able to explain what a rescuer needs in preparation for an emergency (page 10)Turn to someone around you and discuss what a citizen responder might have in preparation for an emergency.(Think/pair/share)

Be prepared to share in class (New Pg 6)

Incident stressSignalsAnxiousness and inability to sleepNightmaresRestlessness and other problemsConfusionDenialGuiltDepressionETC.Objectives for Section 1Explain why it is safe to use training manikins Review the leading cause of death for people 1-49 and explain why it is relevant to this course. Explain the four steps in the EMS Explain Universal Precautions and ways to use them in an emergency.List an explain the two types of consent a rescuer needs to treat an ill or injured victimList items a rescuer needs in preparation for an emergency.

Objectives ContinuedExplain the law that protects citizen responders.

Explain Call First/Care First

What is the most important thing to remember when calling 911.Complete the word worksheet for Lesson 1 and hand in for a homework grade.

Review the objectives for the lesson

The End!

Lets go back and review the objectives from this lesson!