webinar presentation-ppt

For BSNL internal circulation only

E2-E3

Consumer Fixed Access

FIBER TO THE HOME (FTTH)


WELCOME

• This is a presentation for the E2-E3 Consumer

Fixed Access Module for the Topic: Fiber to

Home

• Eligibility: Those who have got the Upgradation

from E2 to E3.

• This presentation is last updated on 15-3-2011.

• You can also visit the Digital library of BSNL to

see this topic.


To day customers wants

These services are delivered by

Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL)

Cable Modems

Wireless

Dependable

Voice

Service

High Quality

VideoHigh Speed Data


The preferred user’srequirement

Video

Voice

Data User

USER REQUIREMENT

• Many services on one infrastructure is efficient

• Commercially viable for network owner/operator

• Efficiency = lower costs for users and service providers

• Enhanced choice is attractive to customers


To meet the costumers demand, service provider

needs a Robust networking solution.

The solution is fiber based networks on fiber

based technologies or FTTH


FTTH OFFERS

Unlimited bandwidth

The flexibility to meet customer demand for

interactive, video-based services.


Fiber in the loop

In FITL network architecture the fiber optic technology

is being deployed from Central Office (CO) of a

telephone carrier to a remote serving area

interface(SAI) to an Optical Network Unit (ONU)

located at the customer premises.

Normally, the fiber is deployed in either all or part of

the local loop distribution network.

• FITL includes various architectures such as FTTC,

FTTH & FTTP.


Fiber to the x ( FTTX)

It is a generic term for any network

architecture that uses optical fiber to

replace all or part of the usual copper

local loop used form telecommunications.


Today, fiber networks come in many varieties,

depending on the termination point .i.e. FTTx

Fiber To The Node/Network (FTTN)

Fiber To The Curb or Cabinet (FTTC)

Fiber To The Buildings (FTTB),

Fiber To The Home (FTTH),

For simplicity, most people have begun to refer to

the fiber network as FTTx, in which x stands for the

termination point.


FTTN

Fiber to the node/ Neighbourhood (FTTN)/

Fiber to the cabinet (FTT Cab).

Fiber- optic cables runs to a nearest serving cabinet

(neighbourhood).Customers connect to this cabinet is

using twisted pair wiring. The area served by the cabinet is

less than 1500 meters in radius.

If the cabinet serve an area of less than 300 meters in

radius then the architecture is normally called fiber to the

curb.


Advantages :-

Low Cost

Non-blocking or low- blocking performance better

supports convergence.

Extremely flexible to deploy.

Allows the use of a variety of media from the

Telephone Exchange to the User .

Disadvantages :-

Supports less bandwidth


FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)

O

L

T

E

Central Office

Optical Fiber Cable

User’s Home

Copper Cable

ONU

ONU

O

L

T

E

O

L

T

E

Central Office

Optical Fiber Cable

User’s Home

Copper Cable

ONUONU

ONUONU

A method of installing optical fiber cable

by the curb near the user’s home.


FTTB (Fiber To The Building)

O

L

T

E

Central Office

Optical Fiber Cable

User’s Building

ONU

Copper loops

O

L

T

E

O

L

T

E

Central Office

Optical Fiber Cable

User’s Building

ONU

Copper loops

By introducing fiber cables from the fiber termination

point to the home living space or business office

space FTTB can be converted to full FTTH.


FTTH (Fiber To The Home)

O

L

T

E

Central Office

Optical Fiber Cable

User’s Home

ONU

O

L

T

E

O

L

T

E

Central Office

Optical Fiber Cable

User’s Home

ONU

FTTH is the final configuration of

access networks using optical fiber

cable.


FTTC, the next step, ensures that fiber is available

very

close to the customer/building.

FTTN ensure that all the Network Elements

shall have fiber medium.

FTTB fiber shall be made available to all buildings.

FTTH is the next and ultimate stage in this plan.

Steps in Evolution of FTTH


Fiber to the Premises

It is a form of fiber-optic communication

delivery in which an optical fiber runs directly

onto the customers' premises.

This is dissimilar with other fiber optic

communication networks such as (FTTN),

(FTTC) or hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC), all of

which depends upon copper wires or coaxial

cable for "last mile" delivery.


Fiber to the premises can be further categorized

according to the optical fiber ends.

FTTH (Fiber to the Home):- It is the form of fiber optic

communication network in which optical signal reaches

upto the end user’s office.

FTTB (Fiber to the Building):- It is the form of fiber

optic communication delivery in which optical signal

reaches upto the building, but where the fiber

terminate before reaching the home, business

premises or set of customers. The remaining path

uses other than Optical Fiber.


Optical Portion:-Optical Distribution Network

have several technologies to deploy.

Direct

Fiber

Shared

fiber

Active

Optical

Network

Passive

Optical

Network


Here each fiber leaving the central office

goes to exactly one customer .i.e. point to

point topology

Provides excellent bandwidth because

each customer have their own dedicated

fiber.

Costlier due to the large amount of fiber

requirement.

DIRECT FIBER


In this architecture, each fiber leaving the central

office is actually shared by many customers.

There are two leading optical distribution networks

with which we can achieve this split.

Active optical network (AONs)

Passive optical network (PONs)

SHARED FIBER


In this architecture, power equipment is

used to distribute the signal such as switch,

router or multiplexer.

Each signal leaving the central office is

directed only to the particular customer.

Active Ethernet uses optical switches to

distribute the signal.

Equipment performs layer 2/layer 3

switching and routing.

It can handle upto 1000 customers.

Active optical network


PON is a point -to-multi point, fiber to the premises

network architecture.

Un-powered optical splitters are used to enable

a single optical fiber to serve multiple customers.

A PON configuration with 1:32 splitters reduces

the amount of fiber.

Down stream signal from the Central Office is

broadcasted to each customer premises sharing a

fiber.

Upstream signals are combined using a multiple

access protocol towards Central Office.

Passive Optical Networks


Technology Options for FTTH


The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) equipment is

installed in Central Office as head end.

OLT transmits optical signal to splitter, from

where the signal is distributed to multiple customers

directly or via another splitters.

Optical Network Terminals (ONT) terminate the

signal at the customer premises.

Functioning of PON Architecture


Maximum distance is 20 km in between OLT and

ONT for 1:32 splitter.

PONs do not require any power for the splitters

so operational cost and complexity is reduced.

Passive optical splitters are used to split the fiber/

bandwidth and share among many customers.


Telechoice

1:4

1:8

1:16

1:32


O

L

T

Central

Office

IP N/Ws

CATV overlay

services

Video/Audio over

IP services

Other

Networks

Management

System

1:32(64) Optical Splitter PON

ONU

ONU

ONUTDM

TDMA

Video

Data

Voice

PABX

Data

0-20 Km physical reach (60 Km logical

reach supported by protocol)

2G

BTS

PON Architecture

TDM


The basic elements in any PON system

are:

OLT : A Central Office (CO) equipment providing

PON with the various network interfaces

ONU/ONT : An External Plant / Customer

Premises equipment providing user interface for

many/single customer

PON : distributed or single staged passive optical

splitters/combiners providing connectivity

between OLT & multiple ONU/ONTs.

NMS : Management of the complete PON system

from OLT


BSNL FTTH PLAN

Phase-I (2008-09): In phase-I overlay access network is

planned in 98 cities where the number of Direct Exchange

Lines are more than 3 lakhs i.e 30 millions, therefore

Ethernet in the first mile using the FTTB, FTTH is proposed

to be deployed.

FTTH systems are deployed as either point to point optical

system or point to multi point fiber system (PON).

7 lakhs customers are targeting in the first year.

1.5 lakhs customers in 73 cities with GE-PON.

5.5 lakhs customers in 25 cities with GE-PON & G-PON.


Phase-II (2009-10): In second phase of

G-PON/GE-PON deployment will be extended

to other cities having Optical Access Network

cables laid as per OAN target.

In second phase FTTH plan will target 7 lakhs

customers to be extended with fast Ethernet/

Gigabit Ethernet service to their buildings on

Fiber.


Phase-III (2010-11): In third phase OAN project is

proposed to be commenced in 198 cities.

Sufficient fiber structure shall be laid in all these

cities for commencing FTTH service.

The total target of FTTH deployment in third phase

will be approximately 7.5 lakhs.

The customer base on FTTH upto March-2011 shall

be 20 lakhs (200 million).


FLAVORS OF PON

Broadband PON

Ethernet PON (EPON) / Gigabit Ethernet PON

(GEPON)

Gigabit PON (GPON)


PON Architecture


GEPON based Next Generation Play Networks

Planning: The GEPON network do not support the

redundancy so only single fiber and single input

splitters are planned.

There are 20 PON ports per GEPON chassis and

each chassis is capable to cater 32X20=640 customers.

There are only 1:2, 1:4, 1:8. 1:16 and 1:32 splitters.

1:32 split architecture shall be used in the highly

dense locations and multistoried buildings.


PLANNING GUIDELINES

Out Door Network (ODN) planning & fiber planning

for GPON

The OAN to be planned in all broadband cities by

deploying high count Optical Fiber cables.

The minimum fiber count to be deployed in these

cities will be 96Fibers or 288Fibers and above in main

routes and 24Fiber/12Fiber cables for the buildings.

The leading fiber will be terminated in fiber termination

box.


2:32 split architecture

It is desirable to have one splitter at the premises of

the customer / building / locality.

The two leading fiber from (24/12Fiber cable) cables,

fiber 1 & 2 will be input to the 2:32 splitter. These 2

fiber can be joined in the two sides of OAN. The other

side of the

main route fiber will form a ring and terminated on

other port.


Cascade split architecture in GPON

As the number of customers will be less in the

beginning and distributed across the city, cascade

splitters can be deployed to cover more area.

The number of proposed split can be only two.

Splitters may be used in any of the following

combinations such as:

2:4 & 1:16

2:4 & 4X (1:8)

2:8 & 1:4 etc.


Advantage of FTTH through PON

Being passive network, no active componentsare required from Central office to end user.

Single fiber to the end user providing revenuegenerating services.

FTTH features local battery backup & lowpower consumption.

Reliable, scalable & secure.Future proof network architecture.


Application Areas

Residential or Business Services

High Speed InternetTransparent LAN Service Broadcast VideoMulti-Play (Voice, Video, Data etc.)Private LineTDM TelephonyIP Telephony (VoIP)

Wireless ServicesWireless backhaul over PON

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