World ReligionsWorld ReligionsWHII.15a-WHII.15b

Textbook Referencep. 700-715

AbrahamicAbrahamic ReligionsReligions

Eastern ReligionsEastern Religions

Main Ideas Main Ideas

Tree of Abrahamic ReligionsTree of Abrahamic ReligionsShade the full reach of the three branches by color: Judaism (blue), Christianity (red), Islam (green).

Then indicate the person, event or reason responsible for the following schisms in the Abrahamic religions on the graphic organizer below:

Beginning of Christianity from Jewish roots Beginning of Islam from Jewish & Christian rootsSplit in Christianity between Protestants & Catholics Split in Muslims between Sunnis and Shi’as

Great Schism between Eastern (Orthodox) Church and the Catholic Church Split of Anglican Church from Catholic Church

JudaismJudaismJudaism is the foundation for the monotheistic tradition in western religion. Monotheism means belief in ____ _______. Jewish beliefs eventually influenced the development of the other two major monotheistic

religions, _________ & _______.

The TorahThe Torah Books of the TorahBooks of the TorahThe Torah is the collection of written records and beliefs of the Jews.

The Torah includes the “books” of1) _________ – Creation, great flood, Abraham2) __________ – Moses, flight from Egypt, Ten

Commandments3) _____________ – religious laws & rituals4) _____________ – journey to the “promised land”5) _____________ – Ten Commandments, other

laws

The Ten Commandments

These are the basic rules for Jewish moral and religious conduct. They are also foundational to the

beliefs of Christians and Muslims. Indicate in the margins how at least four of these rules have influenced western culture.

ChristianityChristianityJewish prophets had

predicted the coming of a savior who would

redeem the world from its sins.

Christians believe that ___________ of

____________ was the savior predicted by the

ancient prophets.

A key belief in Christianity is the

possibility of life after death.

Christians believe that after Christ was crucified, he was

__________________, or brought back to life,

after three days in his tomb.

Christians regard the Torah as a holy text, which they include as part of their “_____”

Testament.

The Gospels, or stories of Jesus, plus letters by

the apostles and the book or Revelation make up the ____ Testament. Combined with the Old Testament, this book is

After Jesus’ death, Christianity spread due to the missionary efforts

of his ___________, or followers, such as Peter

and Paul.

Christian doctrines were established by early

councils of the _______________ Church. Christianity later gained

acceptance in the Roman Empire under

called the Christian _____.

Emperor ________________.

IslamIslamIslam was founded in Arabia by the Prophet ___________, who began

recording his divine revelations around the

year 610 A.D.

The image above is a calligraphic

representation of the Prophet’s name, since

depictions of the human form in Islamic art are

considered to be blasphemous.

Followers of Islam are called ____________.

The holy text of Islam is the ___________ (also

spelled as the __________).

Muslims also consider the Jewish ___________ and the first few books of the Christian New

Testament, the __________, to be holy

books.

However, they do not believe that Jesus was

the _____________, only a prophet of God.

The Five ______ of Islam are the five basic acts

that Muslims perform to demonstrate their faith.

1)Shahadah – professing belief that there is no God but _______ and _______________ is his prophet.

2)Salat – ritual ________ five times a day.

3)Sawm – fasting and self-control during the holy month of _____________.

4)Zakat – Giving of _____ to the needy.

5)Hajj - ______________ to Mecca at least one in life, if possible.

The holiest city for Muslims is __________,

Saudi Arabia. This city is the destination of

Muslim pilgrims on the hajj.

Muslims face toward this city during salat, or

ritual __________ five times a day.

The second holiest city for Muslims is

___________, also in Saudi Arabia. This city was

the burial site of Muhammad.

Eastern Religions TreeEastern Religions TreeIndicate the reason, person and idea responsible for the split of Buddhism from Hinduism on the dotted

line of the chart below.

Hinduism

Vaishnavite

Shiavites

Neo-Hinduism

Buddhism

Mahayana

Hinayana

Tantrayana

HinduismHinduism

Hinduism is a ___________________ religion, with many form of one God. Some manifestations of the Hindu deity are Shiva, Krishna and Brahma. Hinduism emerged thousands of years ago in ______________, where it remains the majority religion today.

______________ is the Hindu idea that all thoughts and actions result in future consequences.

Hindus believe in __________________, or a cycle of birth, death and rebirth. Based on one’s karma accumulated from past lives, Hindus believe that the next life might be lived under better or worse circumstances.

Such beliefs lend justification to the Hindu ____________ system, or religious arrangement or social classes.

Some Hindus sought to break free from the cycle of birth, death and rebirth, leading to the

development of ___________________ (see next page).

BuddhismBuddhism

The founder of Buddhism was a man named _____________ __________, otherwise known as the _______, or “enlightened one,” who lived in India

around 500 B.C. He taught that individuals could achieve enlightenment, thus breaking the Hindu cycle of ____________, or repetition of birth, death and rebirth. Buddhists call the highest level of

enligntenment “______________.”

The core beliefs of Buddhism are the Four ____________ _____________s, listed below.

The Fourth Noble Truth leads to the ________________ Path to _________________, pictured below. These are the key practices of Buddhism.

“Right effort,” “right mindfulness” and “right concentration” refer to the Buddhist practice of

___________________.

Buddhism spread from India to China and other parts of Asia as a result of _______________’s

missionaries and their writings.

Other Religious BeliefsOther Religious Beliefs

Based on the chart above, list the four largest world religions by number of followers.1) ______________________2)______________________3) _____________________4) ______________________

Taoism & ConfucianismFolk religions and philosophies native to ____________

ShintoFolk religion native to ____________

Other folk religionsBelief in magic, nature and local spiritual customs

Secular, non-religious & atheistPeople who do not believe in a higher power or feel that religion simply is not important to their lives.

World Religions MapWorld Religions MapShade the areas of influence of the five major religions according to the key below. See the heading

“Present Location” on the World Religions Chart on the next page as a reference on which specific areas to shade.

Judaism (blue) Christianity (red) Islam (green) Hinduism (brown) Buddhism (orange)

World Religions ChartWorld Religions ChartAbrahamicAbrahamicReligionsReligions

Eastern Eastern ReligionsReligions

ReligionReligion JudaismJudaism ChristianChristianityity

IslamIslam HinduisHinduismm

BuddhisBuddhismm

SymbolSymbol

FollowersFollowersFounder(s)Founder(s)

Place ofPlace of OriginOrigin

YearYearPresentPresent LocationLocation

# of# of FollowersFollowers

TodayTodayMonotheismMonotheism

oror

Polytheism?Polytheism?ReligionReligion (cont.)(cont.) JudaismJudaism ChristianChristian

ityityIslamIslam HinduisHinduis

mmBuddhisBuddhis

mmName ofName of Deity orDeity or DeitiesDeities

Sacred TextsSacred Texts

Place ofPlace of WorshipWorshipSeeks toSeeks to convertconvert others?others?Sects,Sects,

Branches,Branches, DenominatioDenominatio

nsns

Key Beliefs &Key Beliefs & PracticesPractices

Holy SitesHoly Sites

HolidaysHolidays

World Religions ChartWorld Religions Chart (Key)(Key)

AbrahamicAbrahamicReligionsReligions

Eastern Eastern ReligionsReligions

ReligionReligion JudaismJudaism ChristianChristianityity

IslamIslam HinduisHinduismm

BuddhisBuddhismm

SymbolSymbol

FollowersFollowers Jews Christians Muslims Hindus BuddhistsFounder(s)Founder(s) Abraham &

MosesJesus of Nazareth Muhammad ? Siddhartha

Gautama (Buddha)

Place ofPlace of OriginOrigin

Egypt & Israel Israel & Roman Empire

Arabia India India

YearYear Circa 4000 B.C.

32 A.D. 622 A.D. circa 1500 B.C. circa 500 B.C.

PresentPresent LocationLocation

Israel, North America, Europe

Europe, North & South America

Middle East, North Africa,

Asia

India East and Southeast Asia

# of# of FollowersFollowers

TodayToday

14 million 2.1 billion 1.5 billion 900 million 400 million

MonotheismMonotheism oror

Monotheism Monotheism Monotheism Polytheism(many forms of

No gods,only

Polytheism?Polytheism? one god) enlightened Buddhas

Name ofName of Deity orDeity or DeitiesDeities

Jehovah, Yahweh or

Elohim

Jehovah Allah Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva

n/a

Sacred TextsSacred Texts Torah,Talmud

Bible(Old Testament

plus New Testament)

Qur’an (Koran) Bhagavad Ghita,

Upanishads

Dhammapada

Place ofPlace of WorshipWorship

Synagogue Church Mosque Temple Temple

Seeks toSeeks to convertconvert others?others?

No Yes Yes No No

Sects,Sects, Branches,Branches,

DenominatioDenominationsns

8% Orthodox34%

Conservative23% Reformed35% Secular

52% Catholic17% Protestant19% Orthodox 2% Anglican

83% Sunni16% Shi’a

70% Vaishnaites

25% Shiavites  2% Neo-Hindu

56% Mahayana38% Hinayana

  6% Tantrayana

Key Beliefs &Key Beliefs & PalacePalace

Keeping commandment

s

Baptism, Communion

Five Pillars of Islam

Reincarnation, karma, yoga

Four Noble Truths, Noble Eightfold Path

to Enlightenment

Holy SitesHoly Sites Jerusalem Jerusalem, Rome Mecca, Medina Varanasi, Utar Pradesh

Lumbini (birthplace of Siddhartha)

HolidaysHolidays Rosh Hashanah, Yom

Kippur, Hannukah

Easter, Christmas Eid al-Fitr (end of Ramadan), Eid al-Adha

Holi, Diwali New Year’s Day

ScrambledScrambled Answer Key Answer KeySymbolSymbol

FollowersFollowers Christians Muslims Hindus Jews BuddhistsFounder(s)Founder(s) Many different

foundersAbraham &

MosesSiddhartha Gautama (Buddha)

Jesus of Nazareth

Muhammad

Place ofPlace of OriginOrigin

Israel & Roman Empire

India India Arabia Egypt & Israel

YearYear circa 4000 B.C. circa 500 B.C. circa 1500 B.C. 622 A.D. 32 A.D.PresentPresent LocationLocation

Middle East, North Africa,

Asia

Israel, North America, Europe

India East and Southeast Asia

Europe, North & South America

# of# of FollowersFollowers

TodayToday

400 million 1.5 billion 900 million 2.1 billion 14 million

MonotheismMonotheism oror

Polytheism?Polytheism?

Monotheism No gods,only enlightened

Buddhas

Polytheism(many forms of

one god)

Monotheism Monotheism

Name ofName of Deity orDeity or DeitiesDeities

n/a Jehovah, God Allah Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva

Jehovah, Yahweh or

Elohim

Sacred TextsSacred Texts Dhammapada Torah,Talmud

Bible(Old Testament

plus New

Qur’an (Koran) Bhagavad Ghita,

Upanishads

Testament)Place ofPlace of WorshipWorship

Church Mosque Temple Temple Synagogue

Seeks toSeeks to convertconvert others?others?

Yes No No No Yes

Sects,Sects, Branches,Branches,

DenominatioDenominationsns

83% Sunni16% Shi’a

70% Vaishnaites25% Shiavites

  2% Neo-Hindu

56% Mahayana38% Hinayana

  6% Tantrayana

8% Orthodox34%

Conservative23% Reformed35% Secular

52% Catholic17% Protestant19% Orthodox 2% Anglican

Key Beliefs &Key Beliefs & PalacePalace

Baptism, Communion

Reincarnation, karma, yoga

Keeping commandment

s

Four Noble Truths, Noble Eightfold Path

to Enlightenment

Five Pillars of Islam

Holy SitesHoly Sites Mecca, Medina Lumbini (birthplace of Siddhartha)

Jerusalem Jerusalem, Rome

Varanasi, Utar Pradesh

HolidaysHolidays New Year’s Day

Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Hannukah

Easter, Christmas

Eid al-Fitr (end of Ramadan), Eid al-Adha

Holi, Diwali