1. Parameters Optimization

2. ReviewParameters Optimization is an important stepafter RF OptimizationService quality and network resourcesutilization will be improved after ParametersOptimization 3. Review 4. Objectives Understand the procedure ofParameters Optimization Master the contents of ParametersOptimizationUpon completion of this course,you will be able to: 5. Course ContentsParameters Optimization ProcedureParameters Optimization Contents 6. Parameters Optimization Procedure 7. Data Input and Find ProblemsFrom the Input Data to find out the Problems such asCall Setup Success Rate Low, Handover Success Rate Low or Drop Call Rate High etc. 8. Verify Parameter Problems 9. Classify Parameter ProblemsMobile Management Parameter ProblemsPower Control Parameter ProblemsPower Configuration Parameter ProblemsLoad Control Parameter ProblemsOther Parameter Problems 10. Determine Parameter ValuesList Parameters Changing Form( Original Parameter Values vs. New Parameter Values)List Parameters Changing MML CommandNote : Maybe some Tradeoff considerations need taking into accountto assure the maximal improvement in the whole view such ascoverage and capacity, fast and stable, improvement and risk ,cost (or efforts) and gain, etc. 11. Evaluate Changing InfluenceEvaluate influence on Customer Service and Other NetworksEvaluate influence on OMC ( Efforts , Maintenance) 12. Prepare Test Plan and Implement ChangingPrepare Test schedule , Routes, Tools and be ready to getInformation .Change Parameters and Make Records. 13. Course ContentsParameters OptimizationProcedureParameters Optimization Contents 14. Parameters Optimization ContentsMobile Management Parameters OptimizationPower Control Parameters OptimizationPower Configuration Parameters OptimizationLoad Control Parameters OptimizationNote: Because there are a lot of parameters , it is not possible to introduceevery parameter . Only some parameters about network optimization arementioned here and maybe more parameters need to be added in the future. 15. Mobile Management ParametersOptimization Cell Selection & ReselectionThe changing of cell on which UE camped in Idle mode or in Cell FACH ,Cell PCH ,URA PCH states. That assures UE camping the most suitable cell ,receiving system information and establishing a RRC connection on a bestserving cell. HandoverThe changing of cells with which UE connected in DCH mode.That assures seamless coverage and load balancing. 16. Cell Selection & Reselection ProcedureInitialCell SelectionAny CellSelectiongo herewhen noUSIM inthe UEUSIM insertedCamped onany cellgo here whenever anew PLMN isselected1no cell informationstored for the PLMNcell informationstored for the PLMNStoredinformationCell Selectionno suitable cell foundno suitablecell foundCell Selectionwhen leavingconnectedmodesuitable cell found 2suitablecell foundCampednormallysuitable cell foundno suitablecell foundleaveidle modereturn toidle modeConnectedmodeCellReselectionEvaluationProcesssuitablecell foundtriggerno suitablecell found1Cell Selectionwhen leavingconnectedmodeno acceptable cell foundacceptablecell foundacceptablecell foundsuitablecell found 2leaveidle modereturn toidle modeConnectedmode(Emergencycalls only)CellReselectionEvaluationProcessacceptablecell foundtriggerno acceptablecell foundNAS indicates thatregistration on selectedPLMN is rejected(except with cause #14or #15 [5][16]) 17. Cell Selection Criteria (S Criteria)The cell selection criterion S is fulfilled when:for FDD cells: Srxlev > 0 AND Squal > 0for TDD cells: Srxlev > 0Where:Squal = Qqualmeas QqualminSrxlev = Qrxlevmeas - Qrxlevmin - PcompensationWhen UE wants to select an UMTS cell , the cell should besatisfied with S Criterion. 18. Cell Selection Parameters 19. Cell Re-selection Measure Condition use Squal for FDD cells and Srxlev for TDD for Sx 1. If Sx > Sintrasearch, UE need not perform intra-frequency measurements.If Sx Sintersearch, UE need not perform inter-frequency measurements.If Sx SsearchRAT m, UE need not perform measurements on cells ofRAT"m".If Sx Tother_RAT + H/2Tother_RAT : the inter-system handover decision threshold;Mother_RAT : the inter-system (GSM RSSI) measurement result received by RNC;CIO: Cell Individual Offset, which is the inter-system cell setting offset;H : refers to hysteresis,If the formula is met, a trigger-timer called TimeToTrigForSysHo will be started, and a handover decision will bemade when the timer times out;Note: if the inter-system quality satisfies the following condition before the timer times out:Mother_RAT + CIO < Tother_RAT - H/2The timer will be stopped, and RNC will go on waiting to receive the next inter-system measurement report.The length of the trigger-timer is called time-to-trigger. 36. Intersystem Handover Parameters 37. Parameters Optimization ContentsMobile Management Parameters OptimizationPower Control Parameters OptimizationPower Configuration Parameters OptimizationLoad Control Parameters Optimization 38. Power Control Parameters OptimizationPower Control Characteristics Minimize the interference in the network, thus improvecapacity and quality Maintain the link quality in uplink and downlink by adjustingthe powers Mitigate the near far effect by providing minimum required powerlevel for each connection Provides protection against shadowing and fast fading 39. Power Control Classification Open Loop Power ControlOpen loop power control is used to determine UEs initial uplink transmit power in PRACH andNodeBs initial downlink transmit power in DPDCH. It is used to set initial power reference values forpower control. Outer Loop power controlOuter loop power control is used to maintain the quality of communication at the level of bearer service qualityrequirement, while using as low power as possible. Inner loop power control (also called fast closed loop power control)Inner loop power control is used to adjust UEs uplink / NodeBs downlink Dpch Power every one slot inaccordance with TPC commands. Inner loop power control frequency is 1500Hz. 40. Open Loop Power Control - UplinkBCH CPICH channel powerBCH CPICH channel powerUL interference leveUL interference leveConstant ValueConstant ValueMeasure CPICH_RSCPMeasure CPICH_RSCPand determine the initialand determine the initialtransmitted powertransmitted powerRACHRACHPreamble_Initial_Power = Primary CPICH TX power - CPICH_RSCP+ UL interference + Constant Valuewhere Primary CPICH TX power , UL interference and Constant Value are broadcastedin the System Information and CPICH_RSCP is the measured value by UE 41. Open Loop Power Control - DownlinkDCHDCHMeasure CPICH Ec/I0Measure CPICH Ec/I0RACH reports theRACH reports themeasured valuemeasured valueDetermine the downlink initial powerDetermine the downlink initial powercontrolcontrolwhere R is the user bit rate. W is the chip rate (3.84M).Pcpich is the Primary CPICH transmit power.Eb/Io is the downlink required Eb/Io value for a bearer service.(Ec/Io)cpich is measurement value reported by the UE.a is downlink cell orthogonal factor.Ptotal is the current cells carrier transmit power measured at the NodeBand reported to the RNC.))/(( totalocCPICHobPcpichIEPWRIEP = 42. Open Loop Power Control Parameters 43. Outer Loop Power ControlSRNC DRNCSet SI RSet SI Rt ar gett ar getSet SI R t ar getSet SI R t ar getSet SI R t ar getSet SI R t ar getMacr o di ver si t yMacr o di ver si t ycombi ni ngcombi ni ngOuter loop control is used to setting SirTarget (Signal to Interference Ratio Target) for inner loop powercontrol. It is divided into uplink outer loop power control and downlink outer loop power control.The uplink outer loop power control is controlled by SRNC (serving RNC) for setting a target SIR for eachUE. This target SIR is updated according to the estimated uplink quality (Block Error Ratio/ Bit Error Ratio).If UE is not in DTX (Discontinuous Transmission)status (that means RNC can receive uplink traffic data),RNC will use Bler (Block Error Ratio) to compute SirTarget . Otherwise , RNC will use Ber (Bit Error Ratio)to compute SirTarget.The downlink outer loop power control is controlled by the UE receiver to converge to required link quality(BLER) set by the network (RNC) in downlink. 44. Outer Loop Power Control Parameters 45. Inner Loop Power ControlThe inner-loop power control adjusts the UE or NodeBtransmit power in order to keep the receivedsignal to interference ratio (SIR) at a given SIR target, SIRtarget.It is also divided into uplink inner loop power control anddownlink inner loop power control. 46. Uplink Inner Loop Power Control UTRAN behaviourThe serving cells (cells in the active set) should estimate signal-to-interference ratioSIRest of the received uplink DPCH. The serving cells should then generate TPCcommands and transmit the commands once per slot according to the following rule: ifSIRest > SIRtarget then the TPC command to transmit is "0", while if SIRest < SIRtargetthen the TPC command to transmit is "1". UE behaviourUpon reception of one or more TPC commands in a slot, the UE shall derive a singleTPC command, TPC_cmd, for each slot, combining multiple TPC commands if morethan one is received in a slot. This is also valid when SSDT transmission is used in thedownlink. Two algorithms shall be supported by the UE for deriving a TPC_cmd. Whichof these two algorithms is used is determined by a UE-specific higher-layer parameter,"PowerControlAlgorithm", and is under the control of the UTRAN. If"PowerControlAlgorithm" indicates "algorithm1", then the layer 1 parameter PCA shalltake the value 1 and if "PowerControlAlgorithm" indicates "algorithm2" then PCA shalltake the value 2. 47. Uplink Inner Loop Power Control The step size DTPC is a layer 1 parameter which is derived from the UE-specifichigher-layer parameter "TPC-StepSize" which is under the control of the UTRAN. If"TPC-StepSize" has the value "dB1", then the layer 1 parameter DTPC shall take thevalue 1 dB and if "TPC-StepSize" has the value "dB2", then DTPC shall take the value2 dB. The parameter "TPC-StepSize" only applies to Algorithm 1 . For Algorithm 2 DTPCshall always take the value 1 dB. After deriving of the combined TPC command TPC_cmd using one of the two supportedalgorithms, the UE shall adjust the transmit power of the uplink DPCCH with a step ofDDPCCH (in dB) which is given by:DDPCCH = DTPC TPC_cmd. 48. Uplink Inner Loop Power Control Algorithm 1 for processing TPC commandsWhen a UE is not in soft handover, only one TPC command will be received ineach slot. In this case, the value of TPC_cmd shall be derived as follows:- If the received TPC command is equal to 0 then TPC_cmd for that slot is 1.- If the received TPC command is equal to 1, then TPC_cmd for that slot is Algorithm 2 for processing TPC commandsWhen a UE is not in soft handover, only one TPC command will be received ineach slot. In this case, the UE shall process received TPC commands on a 5-slotcycle, where the sets of 5 slots shall be aligned to the frame boundaries and thereshall be no overlap between each set of 5 slots.The value of TPC_cmd shall be derived as follows:- For the first 4 slots of a set, TPC_cmd = 0.- For the fifth slot of a set, the UE uses hard decisions on each of the 5received TPC commands as follows: - If all 5 hard decisions within a set are 1 then TPC_cmd = 1 in the 5th slot. - If all 5 hard decisions within a set are 0 then TPC_cmd = -1 in the 5th slot. - Otherwise, TPC_cmd = 0 in the 5th slot. 49. Downlink Inner Loop Power ControlUE behaviourThe UE shall generate TPC commands to control the network transmit powerand send them in the TPC field of the uplink DPCCH. The UE shall checkthe downlink power control mode (DPC_MODE) before generatingthe TPC command: - if DPC_MODE = 0 : the UE sends a unique TPC command in each slot and theTPC command generated is transmitted in the first available TPC field in the uplinkDPCCH; - if DPC_MODE = 1 : the UE repeats the same TPC command over 3 slots andthe new TPC command is transmitted such that there is a new command at thebeginning of the frame.The DPC_MODE parameter is a UE specific parameter controlled by theUTRAN. 50. Downlink Inner Loop Power ControlUTRAN behaviourUpon receiving the TPC commands UTRAN shall adjust its downlink DPCCH/DPDCHpower accordingly. For DPC_MODE = 0, UTRAN shall estimate the transmitted TPCcommand TPCest to be 0 or 1, and shall update the power every slot. If DPC_MODE =1, UTRAN shall estimate the transmitted TPC command TPCest over three slots to be 0or 1, and shall update the power every three slots. 51. Inner Loop Power Control Parameters 52. Parameters Optimization ContentsMobile Management Parameters OptimizationPower Control Parameters OptimizationPower Configuration Parameters OptimizationLoad Control Parameters Optimization 53. Physical Channels Type 54. Common Channels ParametersAll channels power is reference to PCPICH Power expect PCPICH itself . 55. Dedicated Channels ParametersDedicated Channel Power is also reference to PCPICH Power. 56. Parameters Optimization ContentsMobile Management Parameters OptimizationPower Control Parameters OptimizationPower Configuration Parameters OptimizationLoad Control Parameters Optimization 57. Load Control Parameters OptimizationCall Admission Control (CAC)Call admission control is used to control cells load byadmission/rejection request to assure a cells load under control. Dynamic Channel Configuration Control (DCCC)Dynamic Channel Configuration Control is used to dynamicallychange a connections load to improve cell resource utilization andcontrol cells load. 58. Call Admission Control Procedure 59. Call Admission Control ParametersDifferent service type can be configured different threshold. That means leave someresources for important service ( or request), such as HO > Conversation > Other.Ul(Dl)TotolKThd is used when NodeB load report is not available . It uses equivalent12.2k _voice users number method. 60. Dynamic Channel Configuration Control DCCC: Dynamic Channel Configuration Control aim to making full useof radio resource (codes, power, CE )- Configured bandwidth is fixed when no DCCC- Configured bandwidth is changing when DCCC- Traffic rateRateorband 61. DCCC ProcedureMeasurement reportMeasurement reportDCCC decisionDCCC decisionTraffic Volumemeasurement controlTraffic Volumemeasurement controlUE and RNC MeasurementUE and RNC MeasurementDCCC executionDCCC execution 62. Traffic Volume MeasurementThresholdTransportChannelTrafficVolumeReportingevent 4ATimeReportingevent 4AThresholdTransportChannelTrafficVolumeReportingevent 4BTimeReportingevent 4BReportingevent 4B 63. DCCC Decision1) 4a event report -> increase bandwidth4b event report -> decrease bandwidth2) if current bandwidth