Water Crises Around the World and Repercussion on Pakistan

8/9/2019 Water Crises Around the World and Repercussion on Pakistan

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WATER CRISES

AROUND THEWORLD ANDREPERCUSSION

ON PAKISTAN


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SEQUENCE Global Water Crisis

Availability of Water

Water Consumption

Pollution and Disease Key Facts

Reasons of War

Effects on Pakistan

Baglihar Dam Project Principles to deal with water

Technical Solution

Questions


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INTRODUCTION Earth is unique amongst planets of

our solar system largely because

of its abundant water - in oceans,in the atmosphere, in glaciers and

as fresh water on land. Without

water, life as we know it, could not

exist


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GLOBAL WATER CRISIS 21st Century brings the global

water crisis

It is estimated that by the year2025 the global water demand for

freshwater will exceed the supply

More than one-third of the world's

population experiences seriouswater problems

(UNESCO Sources No 84)


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Already one person infive has no access to

safe drinking water

United Nations (UN) Assessment of Freshwater Resources


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AVAILABILITY OF WATER Water covers about two-thirds

of the Earth

The amount of fresh water is atiny fraction of the total amount

Majority of the water is in theoceans

Supply of fresh water is limited 70 percent of the water is used

for agriculture

Pumping groundwater is like a

bank account


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Topic One Fresh water resources around the

world have been overused,

polluted, fought over andsquandered with little regard for

human health and ecological

consequences.

Polluted storm water is a majorcontributor to the degradation of

fresh water.


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AVAILABILITY OF FRESH WATER

One-third of the world

experience moderate to high

water stress

Moderate water stress levels

are when water consumption

exceeds supply by 10 per cent The problems are most severe

in Africa and West Asia

United Nations (UN) Assessment of Freshwater Resources


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Egypt

UAE

Suriname

Iceland


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Amount of Fresh Water


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Asia exhibits the largest runoff volumes and, therefore,

the highest levels of sediment discharge


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WATER CONSUMPTION In rich countries:

850 and 1,000 liters of water each

day In poor areas:

20 and 70 liters each per day.

Where there are no taps at all:

2 and 5 liters Close to the absolute biological

minimum to stay alive


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650

3900


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POLLUTION AND DISEASE As important as quantity is quality

With pollution increasing, the

amount of water declines

More than five million people die

from waterborne diseases each

year

10 times the number killed in warsaround the globe


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HARD FACTS Demand for water has grown

Flush of toilet uses the water - theperson in the developing world

uses for a whole day's 1990 - 1995, the consumption of

fresh water rose six fold

Water is the root of economy ofany country

Economy of Countries, which isbased on agriculture will standnowhere


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HARD FACTS Todays rich countries will become

poor, if they have no water

More than2.2

million people dieeach year from diseasesassociated with poor water

About 70 percent of all availablefresh water is used for agriculture

Water will soon be moved aroundthe world as oil is now

Current projections are that two-thirds of countries will face severewater strain by 2025


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REASONS OF WAR The wars of the next century

will be about water.

By:

Ismail Serageldin

Vice-president

World Bank


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REASONS OF WAR When the social, political and economic

impacts of water - water-related conflictsspringing up around the globe

For example: Malaysia threatened to cut off supply

when Singapore criticized itsgovernment policies

Relations between Botswana andNamibia have been severely strained When Namibian planned toconstruct a pipeline to divert water

The late King Hussein of Jordan -said the only thing he would go to warwith Israel is water


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EFFECTS ON PAKISTAN Water is one resource that can not be

generated

Availibility of water for each PakistaniIn 1951 was 5300 cu/m which hasnow reduced to 1000 cu/m

The threshold of water scarcity is1,000 cu/m per capita

The economy of Pakistan depends on

Agriculture The economy of Pakistan will crumble

due to shortage of water

Ministry of Environment, Pakistan


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All arab countries are suffering withfresh water supply

Fresh water is becoming costlyeveryday

Supply of water is directly effectingtheir economy

They will not be able to supportPakistan due to their own reducingeconomy

EFFECTS ON ECONOMY


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Jordan

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

UEA


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BAG

LIHAR DAM PROJECT Indus Water accord of1960

Pakistan has exclusive right over

the Indus, Jehlum and Chenab

Construction of Baglihar dam in

occupied Kashmir

470 feet, 450 MW project on the

Chenab

Design affecting the flow of water


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PRINCIPLES TO PROTECT WATER Water belongs to the earth

and its entire species

Water should be left where it iswherever possible

Water must be conserved forall time

Polluted water must bereclaimed

Water is best protected innatural watersheds


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Water is a public trust, to be

guarded at all levels

An adequate supply of cleanwater is a basic human right

The best advocates for water

are local communities The public must participate as

an equal partner

PRINCIPLES TO PROTECT WATER


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TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS New technology can help by:

Cleaning up pollution and so

making more water useable In agriculture, Drought resistant

plants can also help

Treating waste water so that it can

be used for agriculture purposes Desalinisation makes sea water

available

While dams and other large-scale

schemes play a big role worldwide


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QUESTIONS

Water Crises Around the World and Repercussion on Pakistan

Documents

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