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Topic:Virtual Trunking Protocol (VTP)

Presented by:Haidar Al Fehaid 452

Supervisor:Dr. Ibrahim Al Refaei

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Introduction Objectives of lesson VTP Concepts VTP Components: Domain, Advertisements and Pruning. VTP Modes: Server, Client and Transparent. The benefits of VTP Common VTP configuration issues Summary

Content Overview

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Explain the role of VTP in a converged switched network.

Describe VTP Components: Domain, Advertisements and Pruning.

Describe VTP Modes: Server, Client and Transparent.

Describe VTP Operation:

Configure VTP on Catalyst switches.

Objectives of lesson

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What does VTP stand for? VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP).

is a Cisco-proprietary protocol used to exchange VLAN information across trunk links.

allows network manager to distribute VLAN configurations to all switches in the same domain.

stores VLAN configurations in VLAN database so, it is called vlan.dat.

Introduction

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It works on layer two (Data link) of OSI model.

propagates VLAN configurations to other switches in the same domain.

reduces the need to configure the same VLAN on each switch at the network.

distributes and synchronizes VLAN information to all VTP-enabled switches in the entire network.

VTP Concepts

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VTP only learns about normal-range VLANs (VLAN IDs 1 to 1005).

Extended-range VLANs (IDs greater than 1005) are not supported by VTP.

VTP Concepts

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There are three different components of VTP: Domain, Advertisements and Pruning.

VTP Components

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Consists of one or more interconnected switches sharing the same VTP domain name.

All switches in a domain share VLAN configuration details by using VTP advertisements.

A router or Layer 3 switch defines the boundary of each domain.

VTP Domain

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or VTP Messages.

uses a hierarchy of advertisements to distribute and synchronize VLAN configurations over trunk links.

distributes VTP domain name and VLAN configuration changes to VTP-enabled switches.

VTP Advertisements

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prevents unnecessary flooding of broadcast information from one VLAN across all trunks in VTP domain.

enables pruning on one VTP server switch in one domain.

is disabled by default.

is enabled by using the vtp pruning global configuration command.

VTP Pruning

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The maximum time: 5 minutes

Partner work

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VTP have three different modes. A switch can be configured in one of three modes:

VTP Modes

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advertises the VTP domain VLAN information to other switches in the same VTP domain.

stores the VLAN information for the entire domain in NVRAM.

The VLAN can be created, deleted or renamed for the domain.

Every catalyst switch is a server by default.

VTP Server mode

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receives information from VTP server.

sends and receives updates same as VTP server but can not create, change and delete VLANs.

Stores the VLAN information in RAM while the switch is on.

A switch reset deletes the VLAN information so, you must configure VTP client mode on a switch again.

VTP Client mode

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forwards VTP advertisements to VTP clients and VTP servers.

does not participate in VTP. does not accept VLAN information.

VLANs that are created, renamed, or deleted on transparent switch is saved inside that switch only in NVRAM.

VTP Transparent mode

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Practical quiz

The maximum time: 15 minutes

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separate the network into smaller network VLAN management.

simplify the management of VLAN database across multiple switches.

easy VLAN management on switches such as adding, deleting and renaming VLANS.

dynamic trunk configuration when the new VLANs are added.

The benefits of VTP

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configurations are consistent and have less errors.

dynamic report when the new VLANs are added.

reduce VLAN management.

The benefits of VTP

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Incompatible VTP versions.

VTP password issues.

Incorrect VTP mode name.

All switches set to VTP client mode.

Common VTP configuration issues

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Challenge gameThe maximum time: 5 minutes.

Divide the trainees in two groups such as group A and group B.

Group A is to draw VTP components topology diagram and write VTP components on it to clarify the topology diagram with giving us short explanation about it.

Group B is to draw VTP modes topology diagram and write VTP modes on it to clarify the topology diagram with giving us short explanation about it.

Group work

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VTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol used to exchange VLAN information across trunk links.

VTP have three different components:

VTP Domain:Consists of one or more interconnected switches sharing one domain name.

VTP Advertisements or Messages:Distribute VTP domain name and synchronize VLAN configurations over trunk links inside one domain.

VTP pruning:Limits unnecessary distribution of VLAN information.

Summary

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A switch can be in one of three VTP operating modes:

Server: Can create, modify & delete VLAN.

Client: Cannot create, modify or delete VLAN.

Transparent: Can create, modify, & delete local VLAN. Forwards VTP advertisements.

Verify VTP configuration: show VTP status show interfaces trunk

Summary

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