Implement VTP

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE I Chapter 6 1

Implement VTP

LAN Switching and Wireless – Chapter 4

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 2

Objectives Explain the role of VTP in a converged switched

network

Describe the operation of VTP: VTP domains, VTP Modes, VTP Advertisements, and VTP Pruning.

Configure VTP on the switches in a converged network.


Explain the Role of VTP in a Converged Switched Network Explain the role of VTP in a multi-switch network


VTP modes and domainThere are three modes available for VTP

• Server• Client

• Transparent


Describe the Operation of VTP Describe the importance of the default VTP

configuration


Describe the Operation of VTP Explain the role of domains in VTP


Describe the Operation of VTP Describe how VTP exchanges domain and VLAN

information between switches in the same VTP domain


Describe the Operation of VTP Describe the role VTP modes play in enabling VTP to

distribute and synchronize domain and VLAN configuration information in a network


Describe the Operation of VTP Explain how VTP pruning functions


Configure VTP on the Switches in a Converged Network Configure VTP on a Cisco Catalyst Switch

Switch(config)# vtp mode serverSwitch(config)# vtp mode client

Switch(config)# vtp mode transparent

Switch(config)# vtp domain TEST


Configure VTP on the Switches in a Converged Network Identify and troubleshoot common VTP configuration

problems


Summary VTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol used to exchange

VLAN information across trunk links.

A switch can be in one of 3 VTP operating modesClient

Cannot create, modify or delete VLAN

Server

Can create, modify & delete VLAN

Transparent

Can create, modify, & delete LOCAL VLAN

Forwards VTP advertisements.


Summary

VTP pruningLimits unnecessary dissemination of VLAN information.

Verify VTP configuration Show VTP status

Show interfaces trunk


Implement Inter-VLAN Routing



Objectives Explain to the satisfaction of a qualified instructor how

network traffic is routed between VLANs in a converged network.

Configure inter-VLAN routing on a router to enable communications between end-user devices on separate VLANs

Troubleshoot common inter-VLAN connectivity issues.


Explain How Network Traffic is Routed Between VLANs in a Converged Network

Describe the routing options between VLANs


Configure Inter-VLAN Routing

Describe the steps to configure inter-VLAN routing




SWR(config)# ip routingSWR(config)# interface vlan 10SWR(config-if)# ip address 172.17.10.1 255.255.255.0SWR(config-if)# no shutdown

SWR(config)# interface vlan 30SWR(config-if)# ip address 172.17.30.1 255.255.255.0SWR(config-if)# no shutdown


Explain How Network Traffic is Routed Between VLANs in a Converged Network

Describe the role of interfaces and subinterfaces in supporting inter-VLAN routing




R1(config)# interface F0/0R1(config-if)# no shutdown

R1(config)# interface F0/0.10R1(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 10R1(config-subif)# ip address 172.17.10.1 255.255.255.0R1(config)# interface F0/0.30R1(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 30R1(config-subif)# ip address 172.17.30.1 255.255.255.0


Troubleshoot Common Inter-VLAN Connectivity Issues

Describe the common switch configuration Issues



Describe the common router configuration issues



Describe the common IP Addressing Issues


Summary Inter-VLAN routing is the process of routing information

between VLANs

Inter-VLAN routing requires the use of a router or a layer 3 switch

Traditional inter-VLAN routingRequires multiple router interfaces that are each connected to separate VLANs


Summary

Router on a stick this is an inter-VLAN routing topology that uses router sub interfaces connected to a layer 2 switch.

Each Subinterface must be configured with:

An IP address

Associated VLAN number

Configuration of inter VLAN routing–Configure switch ports connected to router with correct VLAN

–Configure each router subinterface with the correct IP address & VLAN ID

Verify configuration on switch and router


Implement Spanning Tree Protocols



Objectives Explain the role of redundancy in a converged

network

Summarize how STP works to eliminate Layer 2 loops in a converged network

Explain how the STP algorithm uses three steps to converge on a loop-free topology

Implement rapid per VLAN spanning tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN to prevent loops between redundant switches.


Explain the Role of Redundancy in a Converged Switched Network Describe the role redundancy in a hierarchical network


Explain the Role of Redundancy in a Converged Switched Network Describe how redundancy can disable a hierarchical

network


Explain the Role of Redundancy in a Converged Switched Network Explain how Layer 2 loops occur in well managed

networks

S1 S2

S3 S4

S5 S6

S1

S2

S3S4

S5 S6


Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network Describe the STP port roles


Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network Explain the role of the BPDU in STP


Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network Explain the role of the BID in STP


Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network Describe the how port roles support the operation of

STP


Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network Describe the role of STP port states and BPDU timers

in the operation of STP


Explain How the STP Algorithm Uses Three Steps to Converge on a Loop-Free Topology Define convergence for a switched network and

summarize the 3 step process STP uses to create a loop free topology


Explain How the STP Algorithm Uses Three Steps to Converge on a Loop-Free Topology Explain the STP decision sequence is used to elect a

root bridge for a network


Explain How the STP Algorithm Uses Three Steps to Converge on a Loop-Free Topology Describe the process of electing a root port on a switch


Explain How the STP Algorithm Uses Three Steps to Converge on a Loop-Free Topology Describe the process of electing designated ports and

non-designated ports on a switch


Implement STP Special cases

S2S1

MAC: 00:c0:df:f9:cc:40Spanning-tree PVST priority: 32768

MAC: 00:00:aa:bb:cc:ddSpanning-tree PVST priority: 4096

ROOTBRIDGE

Designated Port

Root Port

Non-Designated (alternate) Port

Fa0/1

Gi0/1

Fa0/1

Gi0/1

Cost=19

Cost=10Fa0/2 Fa0/2Cost=19

PID = Port ID

PID = Port Priority . Port number––––––––––––––––––––––––––

PID(Fa0/1) = 128 . 1PID(Fa0/2) = 128 . 2


Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN Summarize the features of the PVST+, RSTP and rapid

PVST+ variants of STP


Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN Describe the features of PVST+


Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN Describe RSTP edge ports


Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN Describe the RSTP link types


Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN Describe the RSTP port states and port roles


Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN Describe how to configure rapid PVST+


Summary Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is used to prevent loops

from being formed on redundant networks

STP uses different port states & timers to logically prevent loops

There is at least one switch in a network that serves as the root bridge

Root bridge is elected using information found in BPDU frames

Root ports are determined by the spanning tree algorithm and are closest to the root bridge


Summary

STP lengthy convergence time (50 seconds) facilitated the development of:

RSTP

convergence time is slightly over 6 seconds

Rapid PVST+

adds VLAN support to RSTP

is the preferred spanning-tree protocol on a Cisco switch

netowrk

Implement VTP

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