v'Oªfu u ' Vjk kf }, aMl5 kf }-kflIfs ;DkfbsLo...v'Oªfu "u ' Vjk kf , aMl5 kf} }-kflIfs_ 2 rLgof e...

$: v'Oªfu u ' Vjk kf }, aMl5 kf }-kflIfs ;DkfbsLo...v'Oªfu "u ' Vjk kf , aMl5 kf} }-kflIfs_ 2 rLgof e |d0fof Ono \ g ]kfn dhb '/ ls;fg kf6L {of gfof] gf/fo0fdfg lah 'S5 ]F -sf=/f ]lxt_$

1

v'Oªfu"u'' Vjk kf}}, aMl5 kf}-kflIfs_

;DkfbsLo@)&* ;fpg !, cª\s ^%, jif{ #

;+;bLo ;af{]Rrtf Sjyn

lksfs–Vjk gu/kflnsf÷;Dkfbs–cfzfs'df/ lrs+a~hf/, 8]:s6k–wg nIdL Toft, cfj/0f ;Hhf–/]0f' Wjh",yfs"– eQmk'/ ckm;]6 lk|G6;{ kmf]g NofM )!–^^!#)$#, O–d]n– [email protected]

/fHoof :j+u" d" d" cª\ut Aoj:yflksf, sfo{kflnsf j Gofokflnsf+ zlQm k[ysLs/0fof l;4fGtoflnwf+;fo\ Hof ;fª Rj+u' b} . pu' :j+u" cª\ut yM yM u' Hof ;fgo\tf :jtGq h'O{ . 5Dxfl;+ d]Dxfl;of Hofvo\SjTonM nfsM sfo b}dv' . k|hftflGqs b]zo\ ;Gt'ng j lgoGq0fof l;4fGt sfy+ Hof Gx\ofs RjgL .

r}q @* ut] k|wfg Gofoflwz rf]n]Gb| zDz]/ ha/f gkf+ ªfDxf Gofoflw;lk;+ ofu' km};nf+ Aoj:yflksfofIf]qflwsf/tf SjTon 5\ju' hs dv' tKo+s+ x] n'6] ofª sfn . xlndoof u'u'g+ b]zo\ ;Dejt cbfnt+ k|wfgdGqL5 x] h' bsM lg0f{o ofu' Oltxf; x] d? . Gx\ofu'g+ k|hftflGqs b]zo\ hgtfkfv+ lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwlklgkfv+bosu' ;+;b+ k|wfgdGqL Noou' ofO{ . cy]g+ ;jf{]Rr cbfntof km};nf+ z]/ axfb'/ b]pjftf g]Gx"of b'goF k|wfgdGqLlgo'Qm ofo\tf k/dfb]z hf/L oftf . j tKo+s x] ;+;bLo ;jf{]Rrtf x/0f ofu' vM, j k|hftGqof cvMu' HofvM .

;+;bLo aoj:yfo\ yMk'+ ;f+;blkGtf kf6L{of cg'zf;go\ tof] to\tf ‘lJxk’ hf/L ofª kfª to\u' Aoj:yfofª tMu' b} . kf6L{of yMu' vfF dGof}+;]+ yM oTy]+ h'n wM;f chk'+ ;f+;blkGtf ;+;bLo bnof ;r]ts jf k|d'v+ kf6L{ljwfg sfy+ ;fwf/0f b'hM gkf+ dvo\sM sfjf{xL ofo\ kmM . ;jf{]Rrof km};nf+ kf6L{ cg'zf;g xfrf+ ufof] Pdfn]of;f+;blk;+ sf+u|];of g]tf z]/ axfb'/ b]]pjftf k|wfgdGqL ofo\tf ;lx5fk oftf wfof] 5'+ sfy+of sfjf{xL ofo\ d?bs j ;+ljwfgof wf/f &^-%_ sfy+ k|wfgdGqL lgo'lQm vo\ lJxk gkf+ nuo\ dh'Ou' AofVof g+ oftf . y'sL+/fhg}lts bnof clwsf/ gkf+ nfs sMu' bM . yM k'+ kf6L{of b'hM lkGtf gkf+ sfjf{xL ofo\u' nf < dofo\u'nf jbnof lhDdf vo\ nfu' clwsf/ vM . ;jf{]Rr cbfnt+ pu' clwsf/ gkf+ nfs sfn .

;+;bLo ;jf{]Rrtf nfsM sfof] cno\ bnof clwsf/ Sj yo\u'ln Pdfn]of g]tf dfwj s'df/ g]kfnof tMx|f+u' nfxf bM . j /fhg}lts Nofv+ wfo\u' vM;f ljZjf;3ftL, wf]s]afh j a]OdfgL kfq h"u' bM;f kf6L{t5\ofODxf Wj+zsf/L h'of] Ao"u' bM . pAn]of h'h' 1fg]Gb|of kfno\ ‘k|ltudg aR5L Nx\jgo\ w'+sn’ wfof] ;+o'QmcfGbf]ngo\ AjtL sfof] Rj+k+' bnlkGtf wf]vf laof] sn+sof l;Gx+ To"Dxf dfwj g]kfn cM dxflwj]zg+ kf6L{of gfof]h'o dvf+u' t+ SoªM kf6L{ r'+ r'+ yfgo\u' Hof hs dofl;+ ;+;b j /fhg}lts bnof clwsf/ gkf+ cbfnttf nMNxfª ljODxf s'kfq sfy+ vfgo\ bt . dfwj g]kfn b]z j bntf u2f/L ofª Hof ;fª Ao"u'nL+ sf+u|];Lsfo{stf{lk;+ t:s+ Rj5fof] ;'efo\ Kj+sM Rj+u' bM . cM dfwj lh t:s+ no\tfof] Rj+u' b} cno\ j 3f} knvof hsdh'O x] dv' .

Oltxf;o\ u'An]+ u'An]+ s'kfqt a'Ou' :jfefljs vfgo\ bM . cld;+ t+ of emf]so\ laif Tjgo\tf g+ lnkmM:jO dv' . s] kL cf]nLof :j]R5frf/L cGTo ofo\u' gfdoF hg clwsf/ x] dbo\s 5\jo\u' Hof dfwj g]kfn+ ofu'bM . ;+;bLo ;jf{]Rrtf Sjyo\u' HofofDxf dfwj g]kfntf Oltxf;+ u'An]+ Ifdf laOdv' .

v'Oªfu"u' Vjk kf}}, aMl5 kf}-kflIfs_

2

rLgof e|d0fof Ono\ g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ofgfof] gf/fo0fdfg lah'S5]F -sf=/f]lxt_ h' r'Gofg dhb'/lgjf;o\ :jM emMu' h'n . ;g !(%@ kfvo\ bosu' pu'dhb'/ lgjf; :j+u" tNnf bMu' j Gx"Fu' lsl;d ofo\u' vM .pu' 5]F !)&@ Dxf dhb'/ -Hofldt_ Rjlgu' vM . cfgf(%& u" dhb'/to\ kl/jf/ Rjlgu' h'n . cno\ cfgf ##afnf]Bfg -drfSojM_ t bM . cno\ cfgf Snat j ‘cfb/lgs]tg’ ofo\ g+ af+nfs Aoj:yf ofª tMu' vM . g]Dxft]k'tf pu' 5]F 5Sj Sjyfof Aoj:yf ofª tMu' bM . go\u';fd"lxs efG5f 3/ -5Kjf e'y'nL x]_ ofOu' . 5]F tfM tfxfsu' jfbf{nL -j/08f_ bMu' h'n . jfbf{nL rfxo" xo"+ lh-sf=/f]lxt_ 5SjM Sjyfo\ åxF jfªf .

Sjyfo\ RjªM 5Dxf %% bfof a};of a'9f 5Dxf;fkm" Ajª Rjgf . O{ cy] x] Kotf O{ no\lt h'odM . lh GoFx] dGo+;L+ Sjyfof n'vfvnL ts Yo+s jfªf . lh ju' ;Mtfo\j+ j+ lhkfvo\ ldvf Ajosn . Vjkof tSjftk'nLk'of] sf]km\og+ ;'?j lkmof] jMDxf 5Dxf NofDxf] rfDxf dg"jofu' xMgoF bfªM Rj+u' vfªM josofo\ 5'ofo\–5'ofo\ h'n .;fob josof lhGbuL HjM l5 yhu' g+ -kf]zfs_ lkmof]jMk'+ ;'+ g+ dg" dvf+lg h'O{ . knv TjNxo\ h'o w'+sM jos+lhtf åxF jf bs wfof]lbn . lh åxF jfªf . lhu' No"goFefolxnfld -låefifL_ pk–k|wfg j kf;fk'+ g+ emfn . cno\Sjyf b'go\ t:s+ lzi6tf k"j{s ldqtfk'j{s vFNxfaNxfGx\oft .

yM j+ yMof Dxfl;Osflnkf lh+ josof hLjgof laifoGogo\ sfgo\ of;] l5u" hLjgqmflGt xfF af+nf nfsL qmflGt lnkfof < hs Gx\o;M ofªf .

josn+ qmflGt xfF j qmflGtlnkfof hLjg cfsf; kftfn y]+ x]kf wf wf+ yMu' qmflGt xfF of hLjgof

b'Mv Kjn lbn . josn+ knv larM ofª wfof] lbnlhldu' :j+u" k':tf Yj x] sfk sf/vfgo\ Hof ;fª jofk'+Hofldt vM . lh+ Yj sf/vfgfo\ lx+ :jbf bM;f+ lg;]+ Hofofªfu' vM . lh+ ck/]6/of Hof ofo\u', lh a/fa/ dkm}u';fgo\ x] dkmo\sM la/fdL h'Ou' cno\ lhj+ dkm"tls+ Hof;fgo\ dkm"Dxf wfof] cWoIf -gfof]_ dfcf] j lrlgofF sDo'lg:6kf6L{ dofu' h";f lh pAn] x] ;Lt HjL . rLg d'Qm h'oj+x] lhtf c:ktfno\ egf{ oftf u'u' c:ktfno\ Gxkf tMld–

tMld k'+ hs jf; ofo\ b}u' c:ktfnvM . pkrf/ of;]ln+ lh a'n'x'F:j:y h' h'+ jnf . !# d] !(%&vo\ lh Hof ;fgo F Djfos-l/6fo/_ cjsfz lanf . 8fS6/+lhtf cM Hof ;fgo\u' dv' cf/fdofo\ dMu' O{ vM wfof] lbn . 5fowM;f lh+ pu' sf/vfgfo\ kLbfdofs+ Hof ;fgoF w'+sfu' h'n .

rLg ofqfof n'dlGt• gf/fo0fdfg lah'S5]“ -sf=/f]lxt_

lhldtf dfSj vr{ ofªflg+g+ no\no\ w]af No+ bof] x] RjgL . lnkf yM la/fdLh"Oano\ vr{ ofo\tf j sfo Dxofo\ lk;+lnkf b'Mv l;Onf bs w]af d'ª to\u' vM .cM la/fdL h";f lhldtf w]af DjfosM jf;ofª Rj+u' bM . gkf+ lhsfo\ lklg yMu' x]sdfO{ bM cno\ c:ktfno\ km'Ss jf;vr{ w]af x] k'no\ DjF ;f w]af d'+sM to\dMu' x] h?/t dt .

3

v'Oªfu"u'' Vjk kf}}, aMl5 kf}-kflIfs_gkf+ b/fho\ tof] tMu' jf; l;;L j jf; a§ft

SoF So+ josn+ vfF xHofs lbn ‘‘km'Ss jf; lhtf l;lt+-lgMz'Ns_ laOu' cno\ KoGx"of 5s 8fS6/ lhu' x] Sjyfo\jof] hfFro\ ofª bL, yhu' ;'lj:tf qmflGt xfF Dxfu;o\ x]vfFso\ km}dv' .

bYjL bYjL josso\ lhld;+ yL yL Gx\o; ofª+Rjªf . josof kl/jfl/lklgu' vfoF josn+ wfof]lbn –lhdL hxfgDxf g+ -l/6fo8{_ cjsf; h'o w'+sn . cnojos -hxfgDxf t:s+ aNnfDxf Hj/o\ hf/o\ ofo\u'lnt:s+ nfxfh"Dxf h"u'ln+ cfAn] e'y'ln Hj/o\ ofª RjgfHjL . l/6fo8{ eQf gkf+ jostf e'y'nL Hof ;f+u'ofo\u'g+ tfªM Hofnf aL . cf+uno\ ovfof] tMu' t:aL/t SoFSoF josn+ sfF sf+ o+sn – lhdL GoDxf sfo\k'+ bM . ck'+l;ofgof sf/fvfgo\ Hof ;flgk'+vM gkf+ Rj+k'+ ef}drf k'+ vM .

josof eQf j w]afofaf/] lh+ Gx\o; tof– l5tf l/6fo8{eQf u'nL laOu' < pu' eQfofw]af+ l5tf vr{ ofo\tf ufnf <josn+ d';'Ss Gx\onM wfof] lbn– lhtf go\u' afx]s+ @) o'cfg eQflaO{ cno\ lhdL hxfgof eQf je'y'nL Hof ;f+u'of eQf ofª d'Ss+lhldso\ %) o'cfg lt b} . %) o'cfgdWo] u'An]+ u'An]+ pu'+ y'u'+ vr{ ofo\dflnu' . pu' vr{ nR5Lof #)o'cfglt h'Ou' . cno\ lh+ wfof–j No+ bMu' w]af l5+ 5' ofo\u' no\ <jos+ w'Ss h'of] ln;Mlaof] lbn– j No+ bMu' w]af lh+ sDo'lg:6kf6L{ tf laou' . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ j kf6L{of gfof] efh'dfcf]T;]t'ªtf l5+ 5fo\ rGbf laodfnf < jos k'+ x] ;/sf/o\bM hs Goªf ano\ josn+ wfof]lbn –lhldtf dfSj vr{ofªflg+g+ no\ no\ w]af No+ bof] x] RjgL . lnkf yM la/fdLh"Oano\ vr{ ofo\tf j sfo Dxofo\ lk;+ lnkf b'Mv l;Onfbs w]af d'ª to\u' vM . cM la/fdL h";f lhldtf w]afDjfosM jf; ofª Rj+u' bM . gkf+ lhsfo\ lklg yMu' x]

sdfO{ bM cno\ c:ktfno\ km'Ss jf; vr{ w]af x] k'no\DjF ;f w]af d'+sM to\ dMu' x] h?/t dt . kf6L{of gfof]efh' dfcf] j sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ lhtf Gx"Fu' hLjg Ao"u' bMcno\ lh yhk'+ oSj–oSj dg" to\tf Aoj:yf jos lk;+ofo\ dfnLu' h'O{ . pxL+ lhso\ No+ bMu' w]af lh+ sDo'lg:6kf6L{tf rGbf laou' .

knv lnkf josn+ sf= dfcf]of d'gf Rj;'t-dfcf]sf ;+slnt /rgfx?_ gf+u' ;fkm't SoF So+ wfof]lbn –cM lh+ Yj ;fkm" vo\ Rjof] tMu' km'Ss vfF y'of . lnlkªsfgo\ kmof . cno\ lh+ josso\ cM l5+ 5' :jou' dltafsL bM lg hs Goªfano\ josn+ Wjfy'Ou' lrlgof ef;+wfof]lbnf–‘;Lo xfF lhu' b]zo\ ;fDojfbL ;dfh lg:jf+u':jo\u' OR5f bM .’ ;fwf/0f lrlgof efo\ lh+ ;o\sM tofu'ln+

lh+ y'of . josof pu' vfF u'ln;/n cno\ plnx]uDeL/ j Gogo\xfoFk'u' vfF vM . 5fo\wM;f 5vo\lrlgof efo\ x] t:s+ Gogo\ xfoFk'u'-Charming_ efo\ vM . a'x|fDxfchfof pu' vfFk' lhu' g'uno\ n'+Rjofu' cfvM y]+ GxofAn]+ No+ No+a'of] Rj+u' bM . cno\ u'An]+ n'df+s5\jo km} dv' . lh ch'rfof 5Dxf;fdfGo lrlgofF hgtfso\ u'ln/fhg}lts r]tgf Ujf wfo\u' So+ .josso\ labf km\jª lhk'+ dhb'/

lgjf; If]qo\ Snj, ;xsf/L k;tM,;fd'lxs DjF Nx'Ou' yfo\ :jM jfªf .;xsf/L k;no\ km'Ss ;fdfgtfbf+sM 5u" x] ej+ ldOu' j :gfgu[xoSj dg"t 5sn+ DjF Nx'o Ho"u' j

cfw'lgs 9ªu+ bo\s tMu' h'n . !(%* vo\ dhb'/ lklgu'nflu+ bo\su' Gx"F Gx"Fu' 5]F t g+ :jof . pu' 5]Ft km'Ss;'ljwf+ hMu' af+nfu' Gx' GxF"u' 9ª\u+ bfª tMu' vM .

-y'u' -;+:d/0f_ n'dlGt sf=/f]lxtof rLg ofqfofOno\ ydg+ :jof] jMu' of lnkm\ogf vM . cM cfb/ lgs]tgofrrf{ h'of] Rj+u' Ono\ y'u' Rj;'+ 5'+ eflt h";f+ UjfxfnLofOu' dlt+ lkygfu' h'n –;=_

lh+ josso\ cM l5+ 5' :jou' dltafsL bM lg hs Goªfano\ josn+Wjfy'Ou' lrlgof ef;+ wfof]lbnf–‘;Lo xfFlhu' b]zo\ ;fDojfbL ;dfh lg:jf+u':jo\u' OR5f bM .’ ;fwf/0f lrlgof efo\lh+ ;o\sM tofu'ln+ lh+ y'of . josof pu'vfF u'ln ;/n cno\ plnx]uDeL/ jGogo\ xfoFk'u' vfF vM . 5fo\wM;f 5vo\lrlgof efo\ x] t:s+ Gogo\ xfoFk'u'-Charming_ efo\ vM . a'x|fDxf chfof pu'vfFk' lhu' g'uno\ n'+ Rjofu' cfvM y]+GxofAn]+ No+ No+ a'of] Rj+u' bM . cno\ u'An]+n'df+s 5\jo km} dv' . lh ch'rfof 5Dxf;fdfGo lrlgofF hgtfso\ u 'ln/fhg}lts r]tgf Ujf wfo\u' So+ .


4

/fHo Aoj:yfof :j+u" cª\utsfo {kf lnsf, Aoj:yflksf jGofokflnsf /fHo ;Gt'ng j lgoGq0f-dfyf+ jf+sM cno\ zlQm kfªM to\tf_of l;4fGt sfy+ Gx\ofª Rj+u' b} .;+ljwfgo\ x] j :j+u" cª\uof yM yM u'Hof ofo\tf :jtGq h'O{ . 5u" cª\u+d]u' cª\utf SjTonM -x:tIf]k_ cno\clwsf/ xfrf+ ufof] KofxfF jfª ;'g+clwsf/ Gx"of] Hof ;fgo\ tf+;f kflgu'k|lqmoft x] k[ysLs/0f l;4fGt vM ./fHo zlQmof ;|f]t 5Dxfl;of nfxfto\nft wM;f lg/+s'ztf j clwgfosjfb-ldrfxf afgL_ of hGd h'Ou' ;Defjgfb }u ' ln + xlndoof ckn + b ]z +zlQmk[ysLs/0fof l;4fGtof lnw+;fo\/fHo Aoj:yf Gx\ofsM Rj+u' b} . g]kMb] g+ chu' b] dWo] 5u" vM .

g]kM b]zo\ cM k|ltlglw;eflj36g h'of] Rj+u' O{ vM . yhu' Ono\sfo{kflnsf j Aoj:yflksfof clwsf/5Dxfl;of hs nfxfto nM jflg . y'u'O{ wfo\u' x] sfg'g bo\s]u' j sfof{Gjog-Hof vo\ 5\ono\u'_ ofo\u' clwsf/5Dxfl;of nfxfto\ nM jflgu' cj:yfvM . ;fdfGotof yhu' O{ jOu' oftfk|hftflGqs b]z+ af+nf tfo\sL dv' .7LSs cy]x] sfg'g bo\ lsu' j Hofvo\5\olnu' clwsf/ 5Dxfl;of nfxfto\nftsL+ yM tf sfy+ l5+y]+ hs ofªAoj:yf ofOu' vfgo\ bMu'ln+ chu' Ono\;'zf;g h'O{ bs wfo\ km}dv' . cno\O{n+ j kl/l:ylt+ b]ztf u'An]+ u'An]+ chu'sfno\ :jyfgo\ o+sL . bnlklg bYjLNxnf;Nnfx -;dembf/L_ d?;fk|wfgGofoflwz lvnf/fh /]UdLtf y]+

sfo{kflnsfof k|d'v sfy+ :jLsf/ofodMu' cj:yf j} . yf}+ b]z ;ª\s6o\sfªM Rj+u' Ono\ zf;s bnof ;Qfofnflu+ ‘lvrf Njfy]+ NjfªM Rj+u'ln+’k|ltlglw;ef xsg+ -g]su"_ lj36goft . Gx\o;M k|ltlglw;ef UjM sMlj36g h'nf wfo\u' :jof] emLu' /fhgLltu'vo\ kfvo\ jfª Rjgf wfo\u' larM-lrGtg_ dofl;+ duf .

cM ;+;b lj36g h'of] Rj+u' O{h"u'ln+ sfo{kflnsf j Aoj:yflksfofclwsf/ s]kL cf]nL ofsrfof nfxfto\nfªM Rj+u' bM . 5vo\ kfvo\ g]sf,dfcf]jfbL, Pdfn]of dfwj u'6 jh;kfof pk]Gb| u'6+ Gx\ofs Rj+u' s]kLcf]nL x6fpm, cleofg+ b]ztf g]su' ;+;blj36gof O{ ts Yo+sn;f d]bvo\cf]nLof Gx\on'jfo dGqLd08n+ ofu'lg0f{o -lgk+_ of lj?4 cbfnto\ jfªab/ ofs Rj+u' bM . cy]wfo\ cf]nLofljkIfL u7aGwg cf]nL+ ofª Rj+u'Gx\on'jfof xMgoF 5'+ x] ofo\ dkm"k'+ Vofrfy]+ h'o w'+sn /fhg}lts sfy+ Njfo\u'zlQm lnsfs to\ w'+sk'+ y]+ cbfntoft'tf+ d?;f ljkIfL u7aGwgof 5'+ g+cl:tTj x] d?y]+ . cf]nL;/sf/+ ofu'lg0f{ot ab/ ;DaGwL cbfntof 5u"5u" lg0f{ogkf+ ljkIfL u7aGwgo\b'Yofª Rj+k'+ bnt no\tfof] Rj+u' bM.cno\ wfTy]+u' 5' vfF y'Oso\ dM no\wM;f cbfntof lg0f{o+ ;/sf/of nfxf:jQfSs lrª o+sM Rj+u' bM . YjcM s]kL cf]nLof yM oTy] ofªM Rj+u':j]R5frf/Lof lj?4of lg0f{o bsn;s'; ofªM Rj+lk;+ sfo{kflnsf j/fhg}lts bnto\u' clwsf/o\ x]

;/sf/of knfrf klts+ cbfnt+ s+ s' tOu' u'ln kfo\l5 <

Gofokflnsf+ a'n'x'F SjTonM o+sM Rj+u'bM wfo\u' vfF dy' . Gx\o;M s]kLcf]nLof dv' emLu' /fhg}lts k|0ffnLofvM . 5' y'u' Ono\ k|wfgdGqLtf ;+;blj36g ofo\u' clwsf/ dd?u' vM nf< 5' /fhg}lts bnof ;f+;b lkGtfcg'zf;gof sfjf{xL ofªM;f+;b+ lkltª5jo\ dd?u' x] vM nf < wfTy]+ cy] x]vM ;f ; + ljwfg + x ] k |wfgdGqLk|ltlglw;ef lj36gof clwsf/lnsfof] -vf/]h_ ofªM 5\jM;f hLnfcno\ /fhg}lts bn ;DaGwL P]g+cg'zf;g ;DaGwL Aoj:yf lnsfof]5\jM ;f+ hLnf < yhu' ljifoof af/]/fhg}lts bn+ b'Uo+sM -uDeL/tf k"j{s_larM ofo\ dMu' vM . bnof e|ft[;ª\u7g sfy+ bfF jof] Rj+u' dfgjclwsf/jfbL wMk' + ;+3–;+:yft,kqsf/ ;+ª\3k'+ yL yL ;ª\u7gt cMa"ano\ lg;]of aM lksfof] cf]nLGx\on'jfof ;/sf/of lj?4o h'of]Rj+u' bM . gful/stf yhu' hglj/f]wLsfg'gof lj?4 h"u' kfo\5L h";f+;/sf/ j kf6L{to\tf laof] tMu'clwsf/t gkf+ cbfnttf nM Nxfo\u'ofª ofu' -sfd sfjf{xL_ Hoft 5'+sfy+ x] kfo\5L dh' . kf6L{ cg'zf;g+x frf + ufof ] h 'Ok ' + ;f +;blkGtfcg'zf;gof sfjf{xL ofOu'tf gkf+cbfnt+ ab/ ofOu' u'nLkfo\5L h" <vfF j lvk Gx\ofyfo\ Ko+;f+ Ho" wfo\y]+ts{of+ Gx\ofu' g+ ofo\ km} cno\ wfTy]+u'vfF bnof clwsf/o\ j 5u" sfy+ofs+s' vM . bnLo Aoj:yfo\ bnofclwsf/ cbfnt+ kflgu'oftf Gofof]lrtwfo\ km}dv' .

• ljj]s

5

v'Oªfu"u'' Vjk kf}}, aMl5 kf}-kflIfs_s0ff{nLof d'VodGqL dx]Gb|

axfb'/ zfxL+ ljZjf;of dt sfo\u' ‰jno\Pdfn]of KoDxf ;f+;blk;+ ‘km\nf]/ qm;’oftf . j kf6L{ cg'zf;gof cvM jkf6L{tf gfvo\ ldvf sf+su', 3f]vfM,a]OdfgL vM . chk'+ sfo{stf{to\tf txnuo\ ofo\tf sfg'gL Aoj:yf wfo\u' x]/fhg}lts bn ;DaGwL P]g vM . Pdfn];fwf/0f b'hM gkf+ dv't bs lnsfof];f+;b vf/]h oflkGtf jtsg+ cbfnt+t]sf Gjs yfªM lanf . No+sM lanf .pu' glh/+ cM bnof ;f+;bk'+ uy]cg'zf;go\ Rjlg < /fhg}lts bnt yMu'bnof ljwfg sfy+ xHofo\u' vM . bnofljwfgsfy+ sfjf{xL ofo\tf g+ bn to\;+5'+ x] ofo\ dkm";]ln+ bnLo Aoj:yf uy]anfO{ <

g]kM of ;/sf/+ ofu' lg0f{otfab/ ofo\u' ‰jno\ lnkfof Ono\ c;f/* ut] s]kL cf]nL Gxo\n'jfof gLDxfdGqLt cbfntof cfb]z+ kb+ d'Qm oft .k|wfgdGqL kb vfnL h"u'ln+ y'u' vM nfhsu' Hof 5\ono\tf hs bos tu'-sfd rnfp_ ;/sf/ h"u'nL+ cno\ Hofl5+so\tf hs bosM tMu' sfd rnfp;/sf/+ dGqLt, lxnM, tfªtod? bscbfnt+ cfb]z oftf . y'sL+5u" 1fg -;Gb]z_ Ao"u' bM–s]kL cf]nL Gx\on'jfof;/sf/ lgjf{rgof ;/sf/ vM, cMlgjf{rg h'O{ 5fo\ wM;f Yj lgjf{rgofso\tf bo\su' sfd rnfp ;/sf/vM . cno\ lgjf{rgof nflu+ lg:jf+u';/sf/+ yM oTy]+ dGqL d08n bo\s]b}dv' . Yj g+ xfF Gx\ofu' Gx\ofy]+ x] h";f+g+ cM jOu' lbgo\ sfd rnfp ;/sf/+y oTy]+ ofo\ b}dv' wfof] k|wfgdGwL ofclwsf/o\ s+s' tMu' g+ vM .

cy{dGqL lji0f' k|;fb kf}8]n h]7!% ut] cWofb]z+ kfv+ lkAju[' ah]6o\b'Yofsu' NjxF, lu6L -lgsf;L_ lktf

5\jo\u' a'Fbftf cM -sfof{Gjog_ Hof5\ono\dt] bs cbfnt+ cfb]z lanf .Yjg+ xfF lj36g ofu' k|ltlglw;ef,lnkm\oª -k'gM :yfkgf_ lg:jfgo\tf g]skfPdfn] j dfcf]jfbL vo\ g]skf tHoft,gful/stf ;DaGwL cWofb]z vf/]hLs0ff{nL j u08sL k|b]zof ;f+;blkGtf:jfk' bMu' kf6L{ ;f+;b kb db}u' ofªMvf/]h ofu' lg0f{o\ ab/ gkf+of cbfnt+lg0f{o ofu' vM .

wfTy]= wfo\u' vM;f l;4fGtsfy+:joano\ cbfnt+ /fhg}lts ljifoofd'2ft :job} dv' . lnkfof Ono\ g]kMb]zo\ vfgo\ bMu' yL yL /fhg}lts 36gfqmdtM larM ofªM :jou' vM ;f cbfnt/fhg}lts d'2f dfldnfvo\ ckn+ s]Gb|Lth"u' vfgo\ bM . 5' g]skf j dfcf]jfbLt5\ofo\u' /fhg}lts ljifo dv'nf < 5'kf6L{ cg'zf;g xfrf+ ufof] jflgk'+;f+;blkGtf sfjf{xL ofo\u' clwsf//fhgLlts bnofo\u' dv'nf < cy]g+cbfnt+ cf ]nL ;/sf/ j cf]nLGx\on'jfof Pdfn]g+ ofu' lg0f{ot ab/ofo\u', lg0f{o ab/ ofo\u' gkf+ gkf+ yhu'lg0f{ot ofª Rj+u' bM .

cbfnto\ to\ xMu' d'2ft :jof]km};nf ofo\u' Gofolwzof st{Ao vM .cy]g+ Gofoflwzk'+ g+ /fhg}lts kf6L{ofefuj08fv+ lgo'lQm h'of] Rj+k'+ j zkyu|x0f lnkf kf6L{ sfof{no jfªM g]tfto\u'‘cfzLjf{b’ -;'jM_ sfof] Rj+k'+ h"u'ln+lg0f{ovo\ /fhg}lts lnRjM ckn+ a9]h'of] Rj+u' h'okmM wfo\u' cg'dfg+ g+ ck'sMg+ ofªRj+u' bM . bnof r]+ 5'sM tM k'+Gofolwzlk;+ :jtGq Gofo laodkm}u'j Gofoflwzt yM tf lgo'Qm ofu' bnlnl;+akmfbf/ h'of] lr gM lklg bvo\ lnOu':jfefljs h'Ou' vfF y'u' Ono\ aoao\h'of] Rj+u' bM .

cM g]kfnL sf+u|]; j dfcf]jfbLt

cbfntof km};nf GoªM notfof] Rj+u'bM . cno\ yhu' Hof tfsfn+ ts h'of]Rjg wM;f ;/sf/ gf+hs ofo\Dxf h'O{cno\ km'Ss Hof cbfnt+ ofo\u' ofªx} . ;/sf/ cbfntof ufhn+ bfof]jflgu' ;Defjgf cKjof] jf+ u' bM .cf]nL lnkf ;/sf/of Gx\on'jf sfy+jOk'+ cflv/ b]pjf+ s+s'+ So+su' dltjf+sL u'An] cldso\ kZrftfk ofªRjgo\u' afx]s+ d]u' 5'+ x] nfFk' dbow' +sL .

;f+;b d?u' Ono\ ;/sf/+cWofb]z+ x] ah]6 x}u' vM . y'sL Pdfn]hs dv' d]d]u' bnt g]kfnL sf+u|];,Pdfn] j h;kf km'Ss+ b'?v+ k'Dxf ef}rfy]+ e'Qmef]uL x] vM . cM ah]6o\ ju'nf]xFrf, lkm lkgo\ ldof] 5\jo\u'of a'FbfYjM Hofvo\ d5\ono\tf kf+ y]+ t'+ sGx]5'+ g+ bnof Gxo\n'jfo xOu' ;/sf/ofah]6o\ b'Yofsu' 5'+ g+ ah]6of ljifoRjof] tMu' -WjM_ a'Fbf Hofvo\ 5\ono\dt]bsM kfªM tM y]+ sGxoF\ 5'+ g+ bnofGx\on'jfof ;/sf/+ xOu' ah]6o\ b'Yofu'5'+ g+ a'Fbfof la?4 d'2f h'o kmMu' jkfgo\ kmMu' glh/ cM xo\s] w'+su' h'n .ah]6 yM x] ;/sf/of gLltkfv+ lgb{]lzth'Ou'ln psL+ b]ztf lnkfYo+s lnRjMnfsL . ah]6o\ jMu' a'Fbf v+ :jof]cbfntof glh/+ emg Uofk'u' O{ xof]Ao"u' bM .

g]kfn+ ;+;bLo ;jf{]Rrtf ªfnMjof] Rj+u' vM;f+ lnkfof 36gf qmd+b]zo\ cbfntof ;jf{]Rrtf sfsf+ o+sMRj+u' bM . 5u" 5u" lg0f{o cbfnt+ ofªMxn wM;f sGxo\ bn dMnf DjMnf bsGx\o;M bf+ djO dv' . y'lsof af/]bnto\;+ b'Uo+sM larM dof;]+ duf .


6

;dfhjfbL Aoj:yfo \ pTkfbgof ;fwgt km 'Ss;fdflhs/0f h'Ou'ln+ naM wfof] zf]if0f ofo\ dflndv' , cno\k'FhLjfbL Aoj:yfo\ pTkfbgof ;fwg -Hof;M_ t km'Ss 5Dxf dg"ofnfxfto\ nfO{ . cld;+ bsno\ GxMkf+ naM xMgo\ t} . Gx\ofyo\ ofªMh' ;f+ naM naM hs :jOu'ln+ ckn+ zf]if0f ofO{ . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{;dfhjfbL Aoj:yfof vfF NxfO;f ;/sf/] jfª ckn+ hgtfof le+h'Ou' Hof ;flg . ;Qf hgtfof nflu+ 5\onL . pu' Aoj:yfo\pTkfbgof ;fwg gkf+ lzIff j :jf:Yoof lhDdf g+ ;/sf/+ sfO{ .cno\ drft j yfsfnLk'+ h]i7 gful/s lklgu' lhDdf g+ ;/sf/+ x]sfO{ .

h]i7 gful/s -yfsfnL_ k'+ gful/sk'+ g+ /fHoof dfgj;+zfwgo\ nf . joslk;+ hLjgo\ ofu' HjM d?u' cg'ej j ;d:ofHo+so\tf lkAju' k|ltef Gx"Fu' k':tf+ ;o\sM 5\ono\ vf+;f Ajªfu' :jof]ckM :oNnfs 5\onM ;dfhtf x5\ofo\ km} . cno\ yfsfnL k'+ chfclhof O{ le+u' yf;o\ 5\oo\s cldtf xgf–agf ofu' y]+ h'O{ . cy]h'u'ln+ ;dfhjfbL b]zo\ h]i7 gful/slkGtf cfb/ ofªto\tf ‘cfb/lgs]tg’of Aoj:yf ofªM tMu' b} . chk+ yfsfnLk'+ chfclhlkGtfrf+ lGx :jof], larMofª to\dflnu' j joslklgu' hLjgof cd"Nocg'ej wfo\ 5u" sfy+of Oltxf; Gx"Fu" k':tftf sf+so\ ljotf bo\s tMu'yfo\ x] cfb/ lgs]tg hs wfO{ . ugf yfsfnLk'+ dg" to\u' hLjgJojl:yt hs dv' joslkGtf t:s+ xfoFk'u' j cMk'u' dlt jflgu'yfo\ sfy+ dlt t} .

emLu' b]zo\ bMu' &%# u" :yfgLo lgsfot dWo] Vjkgu/kflnsf 5u" la:s+ kx HjªM hgtfof dgo\ dfof+ e'+sM tMu'gu/kflnsf sfy+ xHofª Rj+u' gu/kflnsf vM . g]kfn dhb'/ls;fg kf6L{ kfv+ TofsM jk'+ y'u' gu/kflnsfof hgk|ltlglwlk;+wfTy]+u' ;dfhjfbL Aoj:yf sfy+of Hof ofªM hgtfof ;]jf ofª jof]Rj+u' bM . jx] ‰jno\ cM bo\s] tf+u' ‘cfb/ lgs]tg’ g+ 5u" vM . Vjkgu/kflnsf+ ofªM Rj+u' lzIff j :jf:Yotf b]zf+ b]5L l;g+ Rj5fof]Rj+u' ;sl;g+ :o" . cem cfb/ lgs]tg bo\s]tf Rofsu" gu/ ;ef+

‘eQmk'/ gu/kflnsf cfb/ lgs]tg ;]jf ;DaGwL P]g @)&& 5KjfDx"t'+-Psdt+_ kfl/t ofo\ w'+sn . :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg @)&$ o\ g]kfndhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ Vjk gu/kflnsfof lg+lt+ lkAju" 3f]if0ff kqofa'Fbf g+ !! vo\ yfsfnLk'+ chfchL -h]i7 gful/s_ lkGtf Aojl:ytsfy+ :jotf ‘cfb/ lgs]tg’ of aGbf]a:tf ofof+ jfgo\u' vfF lGxyfªMtMu' bM .y'u' vfFoftf Hofvo\ 5ono\tf Rofsu' gu/;ef+ cfb/lgs]tg ;DaGwL P]g kf; ofª sfof{Gjog] xMu' bM . Vjkgu/kflnsfof cfly{s jif{ @)&*÷&( of gLlt j Hof‰j;+ a'Fbf g+(@ ;+ Vjk gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ^ dxfsfnL Rj+u' cFrfk'v' l;yo\cf=j= @)&*÷)&( lg;]+ x] h]i7 gful/slkGtf ljrM ofª to\tf‘cfb/ lgs]tg’ of Aoj:yf ofo\u' vfF lGx yfª tMu' bM . u'ls+yfsfnLk'+ chfclhlk+u' hLjg cMk's Gx\ofso\tf gkf+ tf O{ tsMDjfo\tf UjfxfnL h'Ou' dlt+ gu/af;Lk'+ no\tfof] Rj+u' bM .

Vjk gu/ b'goof yfsfnLk'+ chf–clh lklgu' hLjg af+nfsto\u', ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ofo\u' joslkGs] bMu' 1fg, ;Lk, Ifdtf jcg'ejt Gx"“u' k':tftf sfªM 5\oo\s]u' cno\ joslkGtf xgf–agfofª, dg x\jo\sM jos lklgu' klZrdof laotf+u' lneM yhu'hLjgtf cMk's j Aojl:yt sfy+ lGx 5\ofso\tf g]kM of ;+ljwfgofcg';'rL * sfy+ laof] tMu' clwsf/of nfuft Hof 5\ono\u' t:s+jf~5gLo h"u'ln+ :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g @)&$ of bkmf !!of pkbkmf & j bkmf !)@ of pkbkmf -!_ j eQmk'/ gu/kflnsfofk|zf;sLo sfo{ljlw lgoldt ofOu' P]g @)&% of bkmf # g+ Ao"u'clwsf/ 5\onM Vjk gu/kflnsfof Rofsu" gu/ ;ef+ y'u' Vjkgu/kflnsf cfb/ lgs]tg ;]jf ;DaGwL P]g @)&&’ :jLs[t ofªnfu' ofu' bM .

y'u' P]gof bkmf @-s_ sfy+ ‘h]i7 gful/s’ wfo\ ano\ v'Obfk'mo\ w'+k'+ g]kM ld k'+ bsM y'Os] dM . bkmf @-v_ ‘‘c;xfo h]i7gful/s’’ wfo\ ano\ Sjo Rjof] tM sfy+of 5'+ 5'+ jf km'Ss+ cj:yfof‘h]i7 gful/s’ bs y'Os] dM –!_ hLjg Gx\ofso\u' 5'+ x] cfwf/, cfDbfgL -cfo\;|f]t_ jf ;Dklt

d?k' + .@_ cldtf nlxo\u' -kfng kf]if0f_ cldtf larM ofOk'+ ;'+ d?k'+ .#_ kl/jf/of b'hM bM;f+ cld;+ nM dlx;]+ x]afo\ rafo\ ofªM ckdflgt

hLjg Gx\ofs Rj+k'+ .bkmf @ u sfy+ ‘czQm h]i7 gful/s’’ wfo\ ano\ zf/Ll/s

j dfgl;s sfy+ dkm"k'+ -czQm_ gful/s sfy+ y'Oso\ dM . gkf+

‘Vjk gu/kflnsf cfb/lgs]tg ;]jf;DaGwL P]g @)&&’ of ljifo

8f= xl//fd ;'jfnj8fWoIf –^

7

v'Oªfu"u'' Vjk kf}}, aMl5 kf}-kflIfs_bkmf @ ‘3’ sfy+ ‘cfb/ lgs]tg j cfb/ lgs]tg lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|’wfo\ ano\ h]i7 gful/s lkGs] w]af sfof] jf dsM;]= kfng kf]if0fgkf+ larM ofo\tf y'u' P]g sfy+ Gx\ofso\tf lg:jf+u' j bf+u' 5]F, cf>djf chu' sfy+of 5'+ g+ ;+/rgf bs y'Oso\ dM . P]gof y'u' bkmfofdlt cfb/ lgs]tgo\ Rjlgk'+ h]i7 gful/sk'+ v'Obf km"k'+ cno\Djfo\u' 5'+ x] lnw+;f d?k'+ h'odM y]+ RjF . bkmf # g+ Vjk gu/kflnsfsfy+ Gx\oflsu' cfb/ lgs]tg dlxnf jfn aflnsf j ;dfh sNof0f;ldlt kfv+ h'Ou' Joj:yf ofu' bM;f bkmf # g+ :jfk' bMu' j8fofj8fWoIfof slhno ªfDxf b'hM bMu' cfb/ lgs]tg jf cfb/lgs]tg lbjf ;]jf s]Gb| Gxofso\of nflu+ UjfxfnL k'rM b}u' Aoj:yfofª tMu' bM . y'u' ;ldlt j8fof dlxnf hgk|ltlglw, dlxnfafn–aflnsf cno\ ;dfh sNof0f ;ldltof zfvf k|d'v, :yfgLoa'l4hLjL j j8fof ;lrj ;b:o;lrj h'Ou' k|fjwfg bM . UjfxfnLk'rMof k|fjwfg+ :yfgLo :t/of j8fWoIf+ cfb/ lgs]tgo\ d" efnfs'lao dMu' Aoj:yf ofª tMu' bM . y'u' k|fjwfg+ :yfgLo :t/o\cfb/lgs]tg Aojl:yt sfy+ Gx\ofso\tf ;Ifd hgtf+ Noof] 5\jk'+hgk|ltlglwlkGtf ljZjf; ofªM cfzf ofu' vfgo\ bM .

y'u' P]g of bkmf &-!_ sfy+ h]i7 gful/sof ;+/If0f j;fdflhs ;'/Iff j jos lklgu' afo+ jfgo\ w'+u' hLjg Aoj:yfkgofnflu+ 5u" cfb/ lgs]tg Aoj:yfkgf sf]if lg:jfgL . bkmf @ sfy+pkbkmf ! sfy+of sf]ifo Sjo Rjof] tMsfy+of bfF d'go\u' ofO{ M –s_ g]kMof ;/sf/ j k|b]z ;/sf/kfv+ Ao"u' w]afv_ gu/kflnsf kfv+ 5vo\ lnOsu' j Ao"u' w]afu_ ljb]zL ;/sf/, ljb]zL AolQm jf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3–;+:yf kfv+

j}u' w]af3_ :jb]zL bftf jf ;+3 ;+:yf kfv+ j}u' w]afª_ d]d]u' 5'+ g+ ;|f]t kfv+ jOu' -sfg'gL_ w]af

bkmf # pkbfkmf ! sfy+ sf]ifo ;'+ bftf jf ;+3 ;+:yf kfv+j}u' w]af, tMu' w]af, gu/kflnsf+ la:s+ vftf rfo\sM d'ª t} .bkmf $ pkbkmf ! sfy+of sf]ifof w]af h]i7 gful/slklgu' ;+/If0f,;fdflhs ;'/Iff j afo+ km'o w'+u' pQ/f4{ hLjgof Aoj:yfkgofnflu+ hs 5\onL . bkmf % of pkbkmf % sfy+ sf]ifof w]af5\ono\tf gu/kflnsf ydg+ x] lg:jf+u' cfb/ lgs]tg jf k|rlntsfg'g sfy+ lg:jf+u' ;+3, ;+:yf+ Gx\ofsu' x]/rfx s]Gb| jf lbjf ;]jfs]Gb| kfv+ 5\ono\ km} . pkbkmf % sfy+ y'u' bkmf;+ d]yfo\ Gx\ofu' x]Rjof] tMu' h";f+ ;'g+ dg"tf josof JolQmut -k|of]hgof nflu+_5\ono\of nflu+ w]af lnsfof] lao b}dv' .

y'u'P]gof bkmf ( v+ cfb/ lgs]tg jf cfb/ lgs]tg lbjf;]jf s]Gb| Gx\ofso\u' Aoj:yf ofu' bM . gu/kflnsf+ gu/kflnsfb'go\of Gx\ofu'g+ yf;o\ yhu' cfb/ lgs]tg jf cfb/ lgs]tg lbjf;]jf s]Gb| rfo\sM Gx\ofso\ km} . gu/ b'goof Gx\ofDxf+ yfsflnk'+ -h]i7_ dkm"k'+ -czQm_ ;'+ d?k'+ -c;xfo_ gful/s lkGtf j8fof

l;kmfl/;o\ dMsfy+of w]af -z'Ns_ sfof] jf ds;]+ y'u' s]Gb|otokm} . gu/ b'goof ;'+ yfsflnk'+ dkm"k'+, cno\ ;'+ d?k'+ gful/slkGtf5]F of yL yL sf/0f+ 5]F hM k'+ gkf+ Rjgo\ dkm"t wM;f chu' t:s+yfs'u' Ono\ j8fof l;kmfl/;vo\ y'u' s]Gb|o to km} . ;'+g+ yfsfnLk'+h]i7 gful/s k'+ yMu' x] vr+{ y'u' s]Gb|] Rjgo\ wM;f cldtf g+to\dM . lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|o Rj+k'+ yfsfnLk'+ h]i7 gful/slkGtf :jfk'bMu' cfb/ lgs]tg jf lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|o Rj+k'+ yfsfnLk'+ h]i7 gful/slkGtf:jfk' bMu' cfb/ lgs]tg jf lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|+ joslklgu' dg+ x\jfu'wfld{s, ;fdflhs -dgf]/~hgfTds_ xfoF k'so\u' jf cfly{s Hof‰jMvo\b'YofsM kfl/jfl/s jftfj/0f] Rjgo\u' y]+ ofªM Aoj:yf ofo\dM gkf+dM dM u' :jf:Yo hfFr j pkrf/ g+ ofo\dM .

y'u' P]gof bkmf !) v+ -cGTo]i6L_ bfxf ;+:sf/of Aoj:yfofª tMu' bM . cfb/ lgs]tg j cfb/ lgs]tg lbjf ;]jfof ;'+g+yfsfnLk'+ -h]i7_ gful/s ;Lt wM;f chk'+ gful/s lklgu' ;fdflhsk/Dk/f sfy+ josn+ wfof] tsDxf dg" jf ;+/Ifskfv+ jofu'wfld{s k/Dk/f sfy+ x] josof bfxf ;+:sf/ -cGTo]i6L_ ofo\u',ofs]u' Aoj:yf :jfk' bMu' s]Gb|+ ofo\dM, ofso\dM .

y'u' P]gof bkmf !! v+ ;Dklt ;DaGwL Aoj:yf ofª tMu' bM .u'u' sfy+ cfb/ lgs]tg jf cfb/ lgs]tg lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|o\ RjªM Rj+Dxf;'+g+ h]i7 gful/s ;Lt wM;f josn+ cfb/ lgs]tgtf ;Dklt ljofu'bsOR5fkq Rjof] Ao";f k|rlnt sfg'go\ Gx\ofu' x] vfF Rjof] tMu' h";f+chk'+ ;Lk'+ dg"of No+ bMu' ;Dklt :jfk' bMu' s]Gb| jf gu/kflnsfo\u'h'O{ . cno\ chu' OR5fkq Rjof] dtsu' Ono\ jostf larM ofªM:jof] Rj+u' of jfkt k'no dMu' w]af josof w/f}tL tof]tMu' w]af+ s6]ofª No+ bMu' w]af josof 5]F hM af yM lylt jf xsjfnf jf ;+/Ifstflntf lao dM . cno\ josof chk'+ ;'+g+ yM lylt jf ;+/Ifsk'+ d?;fk|rlnt sfg'go Gx\ofu' x] vfF Rjof] tMu' h";f+ chk'+ gful/sof ;Dklt:jfk' bMu' s]Gb| ofo\u' x] h'O{ . bkmf !! of Aoj:yf+ gu/ b'goof Nof;]NofDxf]lkGtf ;r]t ofª yM df+ AjflkGtf af+nfs larM ofª, df+–Ajfnlxª to\dM wfo\u' sfy+ ;r]t ofu' g+ vfgo\ bM . u'ln g+ a'x|fa'xLk'+ cMg+ j8fo\ jof] j ;Gtfgto\;+ larM dofu' vfF HjªM a[4f>do\ tof] laofbsM x] jof] Rjlg k'+ d?u' dv' . gkf+ lhu' ;Dklt gu/kflnsftf nMNxfo dfnf bs wMjof] Rjlgk'+ g+ bM . y'u' bkmf+ yhu' dlt bMk'+ h]i7gful/s lklgu' dlt k'jf+so\tf cMk'O .

Vjk gu/kflnsf+ lzIff j :jf:Yovo\ hs dv' yfsfnLk'+h]i7 gful/slkGtf g+ xgf–agf ofª joslklgu' dlttf sM 3fªcfb/ lgs]tg rfo\s]u' s'tM ofª Rj+u' bM . gu/kflnsf+ ofOu'Hofvo\ gu/af;Llklgu' ckn+ ckM ;xefuL j UjfxfnL bof] Rj+u'vfF wfof] Rjgo\ dfnL y]+ dRjF . Vjk gu/kflnsf+ ‘clS;hg KnfG6’to\tf uy] ckn+ hgtf+ cfly{s j ef}lts UjfxfnLofu' HjM d?u'UjfxfnL lkAjtf cy]x] gu/kflnsfof sGx]of 5u" 5u" Hofvo\ g+ hgtf+af+nfu', le+u' b'Uo+u' larM laof] dM sfy+ UjfxfnL ofOu'ln z+sf d? .


8

c;f/of jf rf h'ªM jfpF;] RjªM ju' wtL{ :j :j+a'FHofldof dg r+ r+ wfO{ . b]+rf lnOof] a'F :jM jf+Dxf a'FHofldofdgo\ cfzfof jfu'hL Sj5'ª jO{ . jfu'hL Sj5'u' Dxfu;o\Uonf Uonf ofªMyf+ j y]+ jOk'+ jfF a'O{Fof 3foF vfF vf+ dft'Nou' Hof Gx\ofsL . dgo\ UjfsL . k'nf+u' vfF ;ln+rf+ jf of]y]+ onM x} .

O{ lxn jf+ln;]+ jfk';f Gx"F Gx"Fu' jn . afHofofkfno\ g]kfnL jfk';f tof] jf lkO{ . sfF sfof] sfF bfof] 5\jMx\jnM 5\jM no\ w's+of 5\jMk' 5\ofªM a'FkfnM jf lkOu' a'OF5lkvo\ jf g]d'/L :jd'/L a'y'oftf lxªf hfsL k'nL ano\a'y'kfr' 5]F ;'r'’ drfto\u' ;'s' Kjf yfgo\tf ‰ofno\ bf+sMt's+dM ;'s'vfª tMu' ;'s'rf s]F vo\ Ujfrf{ bfo\s df/L 5'ªgso\tfg+ v'nftfx] ufO{ dv' . pAn]of jf a'FO b}u' s]t', lkr'|,rsM, tMk' u";L, auMu";L, gfj 3foF cM jftfj/0f k|b'if0fofsf/0f+ dbof] jf+u' u'nL+ 3foF of af/] dg+ dg+ jfosL . u'ln+gf+ x] 5'sM dtM u' 3foFt cM ul/+do\ dbof] jfg . cno\ O{gkf+ jgdf/f Gx"u' gfj 3foF u'u' @))& ;fn lnkf 5\jk';fvo\ ju' wfof] sf+u|];L -emf/_ ‰jM bs g+ wfo\u' ofM .cM u'O{F u'O{F jx] 3fF;+ u'F x] tk'o w'+sn . cy]x] dfcf]jfbLofOno\ ju' bs c;fWo} x] VoªM d]lkGtf Djfso\ x] dlaOu'3foF dfcf]jfbL 3foF wfof] jof] Rj+u' 3f;+ u'Fx] tk'o w'+sn .

cy]x] dfcf]jfbL 3foF bs wfof] jof] Rj+u' 3fF;+ b'Mv laof]Rj+u' vfF a'Hofldof dgo\ d?u' dv' . uy] k'v'nL hns'DeLjof] k'v' x] ;'sM Ao"u' vM cy]x] jf a'O{F g+ 3fF;+ b'Mv Ao"u' vfFa'FHofld+ /fhgLlt 36gf gkf+ HjM nfs :jM ;f+ j+ chu' vfFg g'jfo ;M, g Rj;f Gx\ofsM Rjo\ x] ;M . cy] g+ b'Mv laOk'+dg" y]+ jfa'OF g+ b'MvM laOu' vfF y'of] j+ Ono\ x] dft' Noo\u'SjM l5O{ .

jfrf dh's+t'+ dft' Noo\ dHo" wfo\u' vfF jF ugf+ljZjljBfno dAj+;f+ :j :j+ y'OsM tM u' bM . GoªM yh',:jof] yh' j jfa'Fof 8fS6/ x] vM . cy] wfo\u' h]l6P gkf+;Nnfx sfo\dM wfo\u' d:o";f+ yj+ yjo\ ;Nnfxofª h";f+ ;Muf dufM lg;]+ jfrfof u'ln vfF j+ y'+ . psL+ ;fpg dlxgfjnsL+ j+ jfrf lkªf+ hs duf, psL 3foF dk'nsL+ jfdfult db}u' af+nfs x] :o"u'ln+ j+ dft' Noo\u' Hof Gx\ofsL .cno\3foF k'otf jf a'O{F gfM g+ lySsofª to\dM wfo\u' g+ j+:o" . ao v+ lanLlanL hfo\sM j+ jf a'O{ gfM kfªM t} . afF3foF 5M dxftno\ cy] wfo\u' nfxft+ Hjgo\ dHo"tno\ j+ dft'Noo\u' Hof pln ofO dv' . psL+ jfdf gkf+of y]df-bfxfFrf_j jfdfy]+ Rj+s Rj+Dxf s]t', rsM cno\ rVoªM jfdflnlulnlu Rj+sM laODxf lkr'|, tM k' u";L auMu";L 3foFtu'nL k'of] rfvo\ ;+ Gx"of] Nxfs tsL . a]Odfg 3fFo t k'of]

;fpg dlxgfof ;Gb]zcfzfs'df/ lrs+a~hf/

9

v'Oªfu"u'' Vjk kf}}, aMl5 kf}-kflIfs_Ujf/flrª jf a'OF rfvo\ ;+ y'go\ kmM;f Wjluª ;M ofo\ km}u'vfF j+ :o";f+ plstf hLjggkf+ :jfªM wfTy]+u' hLjgo\ chu'ljb|f]xof vfF sfgo\ kmM;fM yMu' wfTy]+u' hLjg ;kmn HjL .y'u' Ono\ jM g+ dlbSs jof] Rjlg . c;f/+ jM u' aM a'FOnfO;f ;fjgg+ ju' j v';L aM h'of] aM jO{ .

c;f/of ;+qmflGt nL dnfsM h'O{;f ;fpgof ;+qmflGtg]jM afxs]of vo\to\;+ ªfo\sM jof] Rj+u' v;L :ofªM Ej]FgOu' a'n'x'F, g]jM ;dfho\ g+ b':jM jn . y'An]+ joslklgl;GxfHof Ao+so\ y]+ ‘n'6f] kmfNg]’ bs Hof ofO{ . y'u' ;+:sf/wM;f g]jMto\ uf7fduM rx|] :jof] xfF jflkHof w'+s 5]F ;kmf–;'U3/ ofªM l;GxfHof Ao+so\u' Hof g+ cM ufyfduM rx|]ano\ l;GxfHof Ao+so\u' Hof ofO{ .

;fpgof dlxgf wd{sd{of dlxgf sfy+ g+ sfo\u'of . 5'+ bfF xfF lg;]+ jfpFu' j Dxf;'u' r'/L Gx\ofsM nf+rf-d]xGbL_ Rjof] bQfqo jf dxfBf]yfo\ jfª ld;f to\;+ a|tRjgo\u' ofª xMu' bM . y'u' Ono\ ªfrf, Aof+rf hs dv'Sjrf, Ajxrf, sldrf YjsM AjosM cldtf df+ Ajf rv'+to\;+ hLjg xfgo\u' :ogo\ xOu' sfy+ g+ a'x|fkfsflk;+ wfof]ju' Goªf . cno\ rfsnL+ jfpF;] Rj+u' ns; -jftfj/0f_cno\ c;f/of e'n'e'n' ;fl;j, cy] wfo\ ufrL+ bf+s dlb;]+jOu' jM g+ tM tM km'lt h'of] ;fpg ano\ em/// j jO{ .c;f/ ano\ a'O{ a'O{F of rfvo\ ;'ª jfª rf Gofo\s a'FO;+bf+so\ w'+sM ;fpg ano\ kmfF6+ SjTonM ao\v+ eo laof] j j+v';L h" j;]ln+ v';L aM jOu' O{ g+ vM . bsno\ GxM kf+v';L aM gkf+ xfF5]F uMno\ -eªufnf]_ Yjs tMk'+ ªfrft aMgkf+ r'OsM xOano\ afHoflk;+ SjNxF v+ t'of] nfªfu' vfFsfª tsu' bM . psL ;fpgof Gxkf+u' v';L aM jOano\ªfVjfoF rf+ t'of] hs g+ ªf nfo\ km} bs Do]F xfn tMu'ln+gsltlgof ªfrf t ckn+ r'n'a'n j Gof;L rfof] h'Ou'ln+hfno\ nfOu' vfF of ;Gb]z g+ bM . y'An]+ Vjko gjb'uf{enen ci6dL -eu:tL_v'g'+ lg;]+ hn;+ ljHofOu' wfof] y'u'Ono\ gfvo\ -lbzf–lk;fa_ RjM lv kmfso\ dHo' Bf] oftfnfO{ wfof] tM;f+ jiff{ ano\ gfv+ ofªM x}hf, emf8fjfGtfyhu' Njo jOu'ln+ gkf+ hnr/ k|f0fLt ;L bs a}1flgssfy+ wd{ gkf+ :jfªM wfof] tMu' kSsf g+ v} .

eu:tL ano\ kLu' :j+df l;dfrft km'Ss DjfO{wfo\u' hgljZjf; b'goF g+ Yjx] ;fpgof df}zd+ x] vM .gfOu' rfM cno\ jof+] t'+ Rjlgu' jM y'lsoftf af+nfu' yfo\vM .y'An] x] t'n;L g+ lkou' ofªM tMu' g+ psL+ x] h'odM .

;fpg dlxgf kmfs+, t';L, km;L, :jk';M, ldrM,

hL;f hs dv' kml;Rjsf g+ gOu' O{ vM . y'u' Ono\ u'lnl;g+nf dgl;+ zfsfxf/L h'Ok'+ g+ ckn+ bM . gkf+ Yjx] dlxgfo\eujfg a'4of b/zg of] jflgu' g+ vM . kfn'df, xn'df gkf+r'nL hfof] kf hfof] :jo xfoF k'Ou' y'u' Ono\ nfx'/] :j+x\jOu'ln+ yL yL /ª\uof nfx'/] :j+ gkf+ ;'sGb/ /fh yhu':j+ g+ x\jO{ . t:s+ :jo xfoFk'u' nfx'/] :j+ kfn'jfo\ lkOu'5fo\ bsM a'x|f afHoflkGs] Goªf ano\ afnLvo\ ldvf djf+s:j+vo\ ldvfyjf+ wfof] efltrf tM dfOu', ofg+ lg;]+ vfgo\b}u' nfx'/]:j+ lkOu' wMu' vfF vo\ u'nL ;Totf bM wfo\u' :jof]j ckn+ kMSjfrf lngo\ jf lyOsM lkOu' j ckn+ a'FHofld-kfn'lkOk'+_ t jof] kMSjo\ Rjgo\ dflnu'ln+ jftfj/0fofNofv+ x] lkª tMu' h'odM . y'u' Ono\ kfn'af l;dL g+ ;}u'O{ vM . gkf+ dNtf Nj;f tof] df/L g}u' O{ g+ vM . y'u'dNtf Nj;f kMSjo;+ dNtf 5'of] afMuM afuM hs ofª lrtof] SjfSjfs+ df/L gkf+ gOu' cM yy] ofªM gMu' vfgo\d? . Yj g+ 5u" cWoogof laifo h'o\kmM . kfn'ltSjMsfOano\ hs 5fo\ g}u' h'O{ . pAn] cy] gM ;f+ 5fo\ KjflxO dh'Ou' h'O{ <

kf]NxFrf, 5]/frf, /fdtf]l/of efG6f, e'tL yhu' dfFvo\ ;}u' t/sf/Lof df}zd, cno\ a'n'x'F dNtf a" gkf+, nfhf,d':of, dfoFrf 5'5' lkª to\dMu' vM lkª aM rf dfªM j}u';fpg dlxgf t:s+ :jo xfoF k'u' dlxgf sfy+ sfof] Rj+u'bM . cem d;]{ -t/fO{_ dw' ;fjgL wfof] y'u' Ono\ gsltgLOlxkf h"k'+ gj bDktLof n;tfof dlxgf sfy+ sfof] tMu'bM . ugf ;fjg]em/L+ tfNnftf l;r'sM laOu' j pu'em/L+KofsM KofxfF jof] jn+ bfo\s h'Ou' :joano\ sljlklg wfk'sfy+ Yj lko'if -cd[t_ jiff{ x] vM nf g+ wfo\ kmM .

Gx\ofu' yh' ;fpgof dlxgfo\ c;f/] lkªfu' jfa'O{FOno\ x] dft'Noo dkm";f 3fF;+ jfrfof ;M gof] lnlulnuLRj+sM laO{ . psL+ jf lko w'g bs ;'+s Rjgo\u' O{ dv' bs;fpg dlxgf+ wfof] Rj+u' b} . ;fpgof aM n+ b]+ TjM w'Osjfa'OF gfM dbo\s laokmM . d]lklgu' b]+ TjM w'n yMu' a'O{F xfF5]uM yfªM laokmM . Yj km'Ss larM ofª Ono\ Aono\ a'O{FlarM ofo\dM wfo\u' ;Gb]zof dlxgf sfy+ ;fpg dlxgftfsfo\ kmM;f d+l;/ :jo b} . no\ b} . dv';f WjFn+ t'l;jfªfno\ y]+ Hof ;fªf= cfh' u'An]+ k" jflgdv' cno\ Dx]uM wn+xofu' gfM yf}+ v';L aM h'of] jokmM . Dx]uof v';Lof -vx/]_yf}+ t:s+ km"tL{ SoªM a'FHofldof sdfO{ :o+so\ kmM u'ln+ y'vo\kfvo\ g+ larM ofo\ dM . dv';f t:s+ b'Mv l;O . Yj x];fpgof ;Gb]z vM nf < l5u' g+ larM to\ km} .


10

Vjk gu/kflnsfof Hof em\jM t

c;f/ !%

Vjk gu/kflnsfof k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfkltof gfof];'O{d+unaf/ lxsu' gu/;efof a}7s Rjg . pu' a}7sof ljz]if;dovo\ gu/;ef;bh' lk;+ gu/of lzIff, :jf:Yo, ;'r's'r',;Dkbf DjfsM No+s to\u', Tjgo\u' gfM yhu' d]d]u' :yfgLo ;d:ofj d]d]u' ;d;fdlos ljifono\ yM yM u' larM Kj+s lbn .

;ef;b h' lk;+ So"aftf cd]l/sf+ ofª tMu' gfsfaGbLoflj/f]w j r'/]nfufo\ xM go\ nfy]+ v'of] –v'of] dvf+sM rfo\s Rj+u'qm;/ pBf]uof sf/0f+ r'/] No+s to\tf t:s+ yfs'Ou' vfF Aofs;]gu/;ef;+ pu' laifoof lj/f]w k|:tfj kfl/t ofo\tf dfu ofªlbn .

;efof ljz]if ;ef;+ Gjr' tof] lb;] ;ef;bk'+ xl//Tguf]vf{nL, Zofd ;'Gb/ dftf+, l;l4/Tg cjfn h' lk;+ gu/k|x/Lk'+ lgo'Qm ofªM rfM lxOso\ dMu' Ono\ Aono\ gu/o\ tof]tMu' dtf -;8s aQL_ Nxjgo\ dMu', OGb|fo0fL kL7 xMgo\ofNjxFlxtLof lgsf; rfo\s]tf :jfk' bMu' lgsfogkf+ vfF Nxfo\dMu' gu/kflnsf kfv+ Gx\ofs tMu' sn]ho\ ;fdflhs NofaofAoj:yf ofo dMu', jiff{of Ono\ v';L b'AjfªM gfv+ a'/o\ h'OMu'

Vjk gu/kflnsfof gu/;ef;+ ;d;fdlos ljifo 5nkmn

ljifo Wofgfsif{0f ofª lbn .;ef;b h"k'+ /fh]Gb| dfs, k"0f{ uf]kfn /fhrn, ;"o{

k|;fb >]i7, uf]ljGb b'jfn, /~hgf TjftL lk;+ ;fj{hlgszf}rfnot ;kmf ofªM to\ dMu', d' d' nfF l;yo\ l;df lkodMu'cno\ lkªfu' l;dfrft larM ofªM todMu', Ajgo\s'lylnlDkofw'/f, lnk'n]s j sfnfkfgL g]kM ofo\u' x] yfo\ vM wfo\u'gS;f SoªM Gx"Fu' k':tftf Aj+sM Wjfy'OsM to\dMu', af+emu' VoM-ktL{ huuf_ No+sM to\ du' larM Kj+sM lbn .

yf} of ;ef;+ Vjk gu/kflnsfkfv+ lg:jfª tMu' lzIff,;+:s[lt j :jf:Yo ;ldltof b'hM /ljGb| HofVjM lgdf{0f;ldltof slh ps]z sjf+, o'jf j v]ns'b ;ldltof slh Zofds[i0f vqL, s[lif j ahf/ cg'udg ;ldltof slh /fh s[i0fuf]/f, Goflos ;ldltof slh gkf+ ckfª\utf kl/rokq -Dxfl;Osf–kf}_ ljt/0f ;DaGwL c:yfoL ;dGjo ;ldlt /hgL hf]zL h'+:jfk' bMu' ;ldlt kfv+ h"u' Hofof k|ult k|ltj]bg k]z ofªlbn . ;efof d]u' a}7s @)&* c;f/ !& ut] lalxjf lGxgo\l;of !M)) tfOno\ Rjgo\u' ofª lbs' oft .

gu/kflnsf emLu' x] ;+:yf vMOnox] s/k'n UjfxfnL ofo\g'

11


Vjk gu/kflnsf k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfkltof gfof] ;'O{Rj+u' Vjk gu/kflnsfof lxsu' gu/;ef lalxaf/ Sjrfn . pu'a}7s+ cfly{s ljw]os @)&* ljlgof]hg ljw]os gkf+ cf= j= @)&*÷&(of nflu+ Vjk gu/kflnsfof ah]6 ;j{;Ddlt+ kfl/t oft .

gu/kflnsfof pk–k|d'v /hgL hf]zL+ c;f/ !) ut]gu/kflnsfof nflu+ ! ca{ (# s/f]8 @) nfv tsf bf+ ah]6lkAjof] b\o"u' vM . ah]6o\ sf]le8 !( ;+ nfsu' lnRjMofUofk'u' O{ oftf larM ofªM :jf:Yotf xbfo\ tof] ah]6 lkAju'vM . Vjk c:ktfnkfv+ hgtftf cMk's :jf:Yo ;]jf ljou'ar+ Kj+s b\o"u' vM ;f hgtfof UjfxfnL+ lg:jf+u' clS;hgKnfG6+ lksMu' clS;hg Vjkof hgtftf bfR5Lts w]af DjfosMl;lt+ Oª laou' cno\ gu/ lkgo\of hgtfto\tf Dx\jrf w]af+clS;hg laou' vfF SjM l5tf .

;efkfv+ gu/ k|d'v k|hfklt h'+ lrlgofF sDo'lgi6kf6L{of ;lR5bf So+u' n;tfo lrlgofF hgtf j sDo'lg:6lkGtfleGt'gf b]5fof] lbn .

;+;f/of /fhgLlts bn to\u' lg+lt+ ;dfhjfbL b]zrLg ;kmn h"u' b] sfy+ Dxfl;Os jof] Rj+u' vfF Aofs;]+ k|d'vk|hfklt h'+ klZrdf /fhgLlts kf6L{ gkf+ u'ln kf wfo\u' nfªSoª lb;] lrlgofF sDo'lg:6 kf6L{of b'hM lklgu' kxM -9fFrf_;f+u7lgs ;+/rgf, Gx\oflsu' tl/sf -ljlw_ kfMu' j xlndoofkm'Ss b]t gkf+ yM j+ yM of :jfk' Ajnf+sM ljsf;of nfFk'O gkf+

gkf+ Hof ;fgo\u' vfF rLg+ k|ltj4tf -ar+_ laof] lbn . josn+wfof]lb;] –‘/fhgLlts kf6L{ larM j l;4fGt+ tM x|fgL . g]kfndhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ yMu' l;4fGt j ljrMno\ sl:;s 3o\k'ªw:jfªM Rj+u'ln+ x] yf}+ g]kM ldlk;+ g'uno\ :jyfª oM stMu' kf6L{sfy+ xHofª Rj+u' bM .

cf=j= @)&*÷&( of ah]6of ljifono\ Go+u' Gx\o\;M ofln;M Ao";] pk–k|d'v /hgL hf]zL h'+ Vjk gu/kflnsfof ah]6ljlgof]hg gu/tf dM dM u' sfy+ 5vo\ lnOsu' vfF Aofslbn . Yjg+ xfF ah]6of ljifono h"u' 5nkmno\ ;ef;b lk;+ah]6o\ drM dufu' yf;o\ Nx\jgo\u' ;'emfj lkAjof] b\o'u' vM .

;efof ljz]if ;do;+ ;ef;bk'+ OGb| axfb'/ Kofy h'+afn ;]js Ajgo\s'ly sfy+l5+u' yf;o\ Nx\oo\dMu', u+ufnIdLadg'+ ;Nnf3f/Lof nfufof hj+ vj+ l;dflkodMu' j P]ltxfl;s;Dkbfof gf+ k'nf+u' sfy+ x] ofo\ dMu', k~rdfof b'jfn+ lnjfnLcfjf; If]qo kLr ofo\u' Hof Sjrfo\s] dMu', lzj k|;fb afnf+Tjgo\u' gfM of ;d:of xbfo tof] Ho+so\ dMu' j Gx"Fu' tfF bfgLano\ k'nf+u' tfF oftf ;Dkbfsfy+ No+sM to\ dMu' s[i0f uf]kfnrf}u'7L+ Vjk gu/kflnsf j8f g+= # vo\ Rj+u' t]vfk'v" kmNrfNx\jgo\–sfgo\tf ah]6 5vo\ lnOso\ dMu' j 1fg s'df/ duh'+gu/of j8fof cfsf/ sfy+ ah]6 5vo\ lnOso\ dMu' j8f g+= !)of lbk+s/ b]uM of rfsnL+ NjxFt+ l;o\tf ah]6 5vo\ lnoso\dMu' ljifono\ Wofgfsif{0f ofª lbn .

Vjk gkfof lxsu' gu/;ef Sjrfn


12

c;f/ !&Vjk gu/kflnsf k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfklt h' oftf

g]kfn qmflGtsf/L ls;fg ;+3 gu/ ;ldltof gfof] u+uf/fdHofVjh'of Gx\on'jfo\ ju' k|ltlglw d08n+ gkfM nfªM Vjkgu/kflnsf+ a'FHof -s[lif_ tf xbfo\ tof] Hof ;fgo\tfWofgfsif{0f ofsu' bM .

gkfnfo\u' ‰jno\ pu' k'rn+ Gx\oAju' dfut t:s+ larM

ofo axu' ;+j]bgzLn h"u' wfof]lb;] gu/ k\d'v k|hfklt h'+ s[lif;ldltkfv+ ls;fg to\u' le+ ofo\of nflu+ Hof‰jM t x5\ofo\u'ar+ laof]lbn .

josn+ Vjk gu/kflnsfof cf=j= @)&*÷)&( ofgLlt j sfo{qmdo\ s[lif pTkfbgtf Aojl:yt ofo\tf ls;fgto\tf sfy+ l5+u' yf;o\ lr:ofg s]Gb| bo\s]tf Hof xHoflsu'

gu/ k|d'v k|hfklt h'oftf Wofgfsif{0fs[lifr'g, le+u' af+nfu' pGgt hftof k';ft Oª laou' Hofchg+ Aojl:yt ofof+ ls;fg to\u' a'Fof rfM hfFr ofo\u' ja'FHof gkf+ :jfk' b}u' yL yL tflndt laou' Hof xbfo tofu'vfF Aofs lbn . gu/ k|d'v k|hfklt h'+ gu/of dfyf+jf+sM ;+t'lntlasf;of lg+lt+ gu/kflnsf+ lzIff, :jf:Yo,;Dkbf No+sM Djfs to\tf a'FHof gkf+of Hofoftf xMgoF tof]Hof ;fª jof] Rjªfu' vfF Aofs lbn .

gkfnfo\u' ‰jno\ k|ltlglw k'rn+ vfBfGgt/sf/L j a'aof k';f ;o\sM Oª laou' Aoj:yfofo\tf j8fj8fo\ nR5Lof 5sM s[lif ;DaGwL tflndj k|lzIf0f Aoj:yf ofo\tf, s[lif r'g 5\ono\tf ls;fgto\tf dg RjGx\ofs o+so\tf gu/ k|d'v k|hfklt ofWofgfsif{0f ofsu' bM .

k'rn+ a'FHofldlk;+ ;o\su' t/sf/L kmfF}j~h-ljrf}lnof_ of nfxfto\ dnfsM wfTy]+k+' pkef]QmflkGyfo\ Yo+so\tf t/sf/L ahf/of Aoj:yf ofo\tfVjk gu/kflnsf+ tflnd Ao" k'+ s[lif k|fljlws lkGtfyfo\ 5'6o\ ofª Hof ;f+so\ dMu' g]kfnL -sDkf]i6_

;M bo\lsk'+ ls;fgto\tf cfly{s UjfxfnL ofo dMu' j ls;fgto\u' k'rM lg:jfªM ;M k';ft, s[lif cf}hf/ -a'FHofof nflu+dMu' HofeM_ j d]l;g Gofo\tf cfly{s UjfxfnL ofo\tf Wofgfsif{0fofs u' vM .

gu/ k|d'v k|hfklt h' oftf ls;fg ;+3 gu/ ;ldltofslh u+uf/fd HofVjh'+ Wofgfsif{0f kf} nMNxfª b\o"u' vM .

c;f/ !*Vjk gu/kflnsf j8f g+= $ uM lxtLof g/l;+x b]uM

bfgo\tf yfo\ yf;o\ to\tf dMu' yf+, n'vfM Tjgl;F yhu' l;Fvo\a'§f lsou' Hof Gx\ofs Rj+u' bM . g/l;+x b]uM bfgo\u' Hofoftof/L ofª Rj+u' h'n .

g/l;+x b]uMbfgo\u' Hofof tof/L

13


c;f/ @)Vjk gu/kflnsfkfv+ Gx\ofsRj+u' lzz' :ofxf/ j jfn

ljsf; s]Gb|of lzlIfsf j sd{rf/LlkGtf !% Gx"Fof dfbn yfo\u':ogo\u' tflnd Gx\ofsn .

Hof ‰jM ;+ gu/ k|d'v k|hfklt h'+, g]kM of nf]s+x\jfu' yu' dfbn -duM lv+_ of tfn, t:s+ nf]s+ x\jfu' afhfsfy+ ªfnM sfof] yfª jof] Rj+u'of ;f+:s[lts j /fhgLltsdxTj bMu' vfF Aofs lbn .

k'vf{ lk;+ TjM t tsu' snf j ;+:s[lt DjfsM No+sto\tf Vjk gu/kflnsf+ Gx"Fu' k':tftf nM NxfªM :oªM o+so\u'‰jno\ yL yL afhfof tflnd Ao" Ao"+ lw+ lw+ aNnf ofª jof] Rj+u'vfF sfª lb;] k|d'v k|hfklt h'+ z}lIfs of]Uotf gkf+ yM so\ 5u"g+ 5u" la:s+ ;Lkof ljsf;o\ g+ Wofg to\dM wfof] lbn .

josn+ 5sM ;o\sfu' ;Lk u'an]+ n'ddflgu' wfof]lb;]

dfbn yfo\ ;o\s]u' tflndaf+nfk'+ Ajgfldk'+ x] sGxoF af+nfk'+ lzIfs h'Ou' vfF Aofs lbn .josn+ ydg+ ;osfu' Gx\ofu' g+ Hof -;Lk_ ;dfhtf le+_ofo\u'ln 5\onodM wfof]lb;] Vjk gu/kflnsfkfv+ Gx\ofs Rj+u'lzz' :ofxf/ s]Gb| cem af+nfsM o+so\u' vfoF ;Nnfx h'of] Rj+u'vfF g+ Aofs lbn .

Hof ‰jM ;+ Vjk gu/kflnsf j8f g+= & of j8fWoIfps]z sjf+ h'+ afhfof :jfk' lj1fg gkf+ b}u' vfF Aofs;] dg" to\u'

dgo\ xfoFk'u' efj lkHjo\s]tf gkf+ 5Kkf 5lwofªM to\tf afhf+ af+nfu' Hof ofOu' vfF sfªlbn . gkf+ lzz' :ofxf/ s]Gb|of drfto\tf ;+uLtkfvo\ n'of] to\tf y'u' :ogo\ Hof v+ UjfxfnL ofOu'j drfto\tf n;tf+ Kofv+ VjfoF sfo\s]tf j Wofgs]Gb|Lt ofso\tf ;+uLt af+nfu' Hof ofOu' vfF g+Aofs lbn .

afF;'/L afhfof :ogfld u'? /fhgs'df/dfgGw/+ afhf ;o\s]tf :ogfldk'+ dg+ lg;]+ UjfodMu' cno\ afhf gkf+ u'ln ;lttf pln dyf+ ;o\s]

km} wfof] lbn .Hof ‰jM;+ lzz' :ofxf/ j afn ljsf; s]Gb|of slh

lbk]Gb| k|hfklt j j8f g+= ! of OGrfh{ gh/dfof af6L+ g+ Gjr'tof] b\o"u' vM .

jx] ‰jno\ :ogo\ xfF :ogfld u'? /fhs'df/ dfgGw/h' oftVjk gu/kflnsf k|d'v k|hfklt h'+ dfbn nM Nxfª b\o"u' vM .

c;f/ @)Vjk gu/kflnsffof k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfklt h'+ Vjko\

g+ ;?jf h'of] emMDxf Vjkof P;=kL= tf/f b]jL yfkf h' tfcfOtaf/ labf laof] lbn . Vjk lhNnfo\ Yo+ dYo+ bfR5LxfF lg;]+ Hof ;fª b\o"Dxf P;=kL= yfkf h'oftf labf laof]lb;] josn+ yfgf Hof ;fª b\o"tno\ hgk|ltlglwk'+ gkf+ldno\ h'of] Hof ;fªM b\o"u'ln+ ;'efo\ b]5fof] lb;] Vjkofnf]s+x\jfu' Dx\jo\vf ‰of] gkf+ g]u" Ko+u" gu/kflnsfof lkygftpkxf/ sfy+ nM Nxfª lbn .

k|x/L pk/LIfs yfkf h'oftf labfO{


14

c;f/ @)

dWok'/ gu/kflnsfof pk–k|d'v dlwsdL{ Vjkgu/kflnsfo\

Vjk gu/kflnsfof k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfklt h' gkf+dWok'/ lydL gu/kflnsfof pk–k|d'v cGhgf b]jL dlwsdL{h'+ cfOtaf/ gkfnfª vFNxfaNxf ofª lbn . gu/ k|d'v k|hfklth'+ pk–k|d'v dlwsdL{ h'oftf n;s'; ofª lb;] joslklgbYjL g]u" gu/kflnsfo\ h"u' Hof ‰jM gkf+ yM yM u' cg'ejsfª lbn . k|d'v k|hfklth'+ pk–k|d'v dlwsdL{h'oftfgu/kflnsfof lkygft pkxf/ sfy+ nM Nxfª lbn .

e]6g/L j r:df k;no\ cg'udgc;f/ @!

Vjk gu/kflnsf ahf/ cg'udg ;ldltof slh/fhs[i0f uf]/fof Gx\on'jfo\ huftL, ;"o{ ljgfos j b'wkf6Lofe]6]l/g/L j r:df k;no\ cg'udg oft .

cg'udgof ‰jno\ ljiffbL jf;t of] of] yfo\ tof]tMu', 8fS6/of l;kmfl/;o\ bs Gofo b}u' kz' to\tf a]xf];ofOu' lgGhf j s]dfOg yhu' k;no\ to d?u' jf; tof] tMu',vfF of hfgsf/L Ao"u' bM . cg'udgof ‰jno\ k;M gu/kflnsfo\btf{ dofu', Dofb km"u' jf; g+ tof] tMu', ljiffbLt la:s+ tof]dtM u', ;'r's'r'no\ Wofg dAo"u', jf;ldo b}u' cg'dltofbl;kf} d?u' pu' cg'udg k'r+ hfgsf/L Ao"u' vM .

cg'udg ;+ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3, /fli6«o pkef]Qmfd~r, eQmk'/ 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ;+3, Vjk gu/kflnsfj 3/]n' sfof{noof k|ltlglwk'+ emfof] cg'udg ofª lbn .

^) bf–^$ bfof yfsfnLlkGtf e]/f];]n vf]kof g]su" dfqfsf]le8 !( lj?4of e]/f];]n vf]k sMk'+ ̂ ) bf – ̂ $ bf

of yfsflnk'+ dg"to\tf yf}+ g]u"u' dfqfof vf]k Vjk gu/kflnsf j8fg+= ! lg;]+ % j8fof yL yL vf]k s]Gb|o\ lan . u'sL Vjk gu/kflnsfj8f g+= ! of eQmk'/ SofDk;o\, @ j8fof hgHof]lt k':tsfnogMk'v', # j8fof kb\d df=lj=, $ j8fof tfnfSjo\ j % j8fofljBfyL{ lgs]tg df=lj= vf]k s]Gb|t rfo\su' vM . cy]x] sGxoF v'g'+Vjk gu/kflnsf j8f g+ ̂ lg;]+ !) j8f tsof lkGtf vf]k ljo\u'lg0f{o sfy+ c;f/ @# ut] j8f g+= ^ lg;]+ !) j8f tsof ^) bflg;] ^$ bfof yfsfnL lkGtf g]su' dfqfof vf]k lan .

15


c;f/ @@Vjk gu/kflnsf+ Vjkof

P]ltxfl;s j k'/ftflTjs ;Dkbf No+sMDjfsM to\tf Nx\jgo\–sfgo\ j bfgo\u'Hof dlbSs ofªM jof] Rj+u' bM .yfgfof k'nf+ h"of] jf+u', b'ªM :oªMkMtM -cjz]if_ h'of] Rj+u' ckn+ dy,b ]uM, ;tM, kmNrf, lreMBf ]-r}To_, k'v', t'+ly, NjxFlxltt Nx\jgo\–sfgo\ j bfgo\u' Hof v+ Vjk b] em+ em+nf]s+ x\jfª jof] Rj+u' bM . Tjfno\–Tjfno\ Rj+u' chu' ;Dkbft Nx\jgo\u'Hofv+ Tjfnoof dg"to\u' dg no\tMu'bM .gkf+ TjM g+ emM emM wfof] Rj+u'bM . Vjk gu/kflnsf+ Nx\ªM Rj+u'Hoft dWo] Vjkof /fgLk'v' j efHofk'v' g+ vM .

cM Hof h'of] Rj+u' Vjk

efHofk'v' nf]s+ x\jfu' yfo\ h'Ou'

gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ! vo\ nfu' /fgLk'v' j efHof k'v' g+ vM . Yj t:s+Rj5fo axu' j ªfn sfo axu' HofvM . efHof k'v'nL bfª Rj+u' Hof gkf+k'v' bYjL bfª Rj+u hn]Zj/ dxfBf]ofb]uM n+ k'v'gkf+ pu' yfo\ x] Aj:onfsAo"u' hs dv' t:s+ :j:o nfOsu' yfo\sfy+ gf+M hfof] b]z+ b'go\of cfGtl/s jb]z+ lkgo\of jfx\o ko{6sk'+ rfx\o' jOu'kSsf x] vM . gkf+ ;'yfo\ axgLrflxlnu' yfo\ sfy+ j zfl//Ls cEof;ofOu' yfo\ h'O{ .

pu' k'v'of :jvo\ kfvo\rflxno\ l5+u' cno\ pQ/ kfvo\ Rj+u'k'v' l;yo\ g]DxfKoDxf dg"to\;+ yMu"lghL Aoj;fo Gx\ofsM, yfo\ ªfnMRj+u'ln rflxno\ sfy+ dl5+u' cfgf jf+k'+Gx\ofDxfl;g+ wfof] Rj+u' bM . jx] yf;o\

cM 5yfo\ g]yfo\ 5]F Hof g+ ofªM Rj+u'bM . 5]F Hof w'+s 5]F y'jM to\;+ pu'yf;o\ ;kmf ofª ljOu' cfgf rfxo"jflglk;+ cfzf ofªM Rj+u' bM . pu'yfo\ rsf+;f jf rflxnotf ugf+ kf+ e"+d?;f pu' yfo\ cem nf]s+ x\jfOu'ljZjf; sfo\ km} . lghL Aoj;foofOlk;+ y'u' kfvo\ g+ 5s larM ofM;ft:s+ af+nfO{ . k'v'lnSs rfx\o" jOk'+ckn+ bM;f rflxno\tf ugf+ kf+ e" d?;f:yfgLo Aofkf/L to\u' Aoj;fo g+af+nfO{, cfDbfgL ckn+ h'O{ . y'ls+ 5vo\k'v'of -;f}Gbo{_ zf]ef b} cno\ k'v':jMjOk'+ ckn+ bM ;]ln+ Aofkf/ Aoj;fo g+ckM x] h'Ou' h'n . y'vo\kfvo\ cfgfofAoj;foL, :yfgLo hgtf j :yfgLotx+ Wofg laodM wfo\u' ckn+ rfx\o"jflgkL;+ wfof] Rj+u' bM .


16

c;f/ @@lrlgofF sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ ;lR5bf So+u' n;tfo lrlgofF

sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltof cGt//fli6«o ljefuof Uj;fnolrskf j ;+;f/of /fhgLlts kf6L{to\ bYjL cgnfOg lzv/;Dd]ng h'n .

d+unaf/ jxlgyfo\ ̂ M!% tf Ono\ Gx\ofsu' pu' lzv/;Dd]ngo\ !^) u" b]zof ªf; :jof] ckn+ /fhgLlts kf6L{ j/fhgLlts ;+u7gof lxå :jof] ckM k|ltlglwlk;+ cgnfOgkfv+Ajlt sfof] b\o"u' vM .

lrlgofF sDo'lg:6 kf6L{of dxf;lrj gkf+ hgjfbLu0ftGq rLgof /fi6«klt ;L lrg lkmª h'+ d" ljifo Gx\o Ajof]

b\o"u' pu' Hof ‰jM ;+ g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{of gfof]efh' gf/fo0f dfg lah'S5]F -sf=/f]lxt_ h'+ g+ Ajlt sfof]b\o"u' vM .

y'Mu' ;Daf]wg ofo\u' ‰jno\ dxf;lrj ;L lrg lkmª+;Dd]ngof lnwf+;fo\ xlndoof ;sn b]of hgtfof ;d[l4oflg+lt+ xlndoof km'Ss /fhgLlts bnlklg bYjL ldno\ h'of] Hof;flgu' ljZjf; Kj+sM lbn .

xlndo\ t:s+ Uofk's dxfdf/Lsfy+ ªfªM k'ªM, jof]Rj+u' sf]le8 !( ;+qmd0f lj?4of ;+3if{of ‰jno\ ljZjdfgjtfjfb b] bsno\ xM goF jOu' vfF Aofs lbn . xlndoofyL yL b]zo\ ljsf; h"u' dfgj ;Eotfof d"NodfGotfof RjM 5M;]+ josn+ ljZj zflGt, ljsf; j :jtGqtfof nflu+ yM j+ yMof cfk;L ;dembf/L dbo\s duf wfof]lbn .

lrlgofF sDo'lg:6 kf6L{of lx+Rofsu" /fli6«o ;Dd]ng+rLgoF ul/aL lgjf/0fof nflu+ cleofg Gx\ofsM Rj+u' j ;g@)@! tsvo\ rLgtf dWod:t/of b]z sfy+ xHofso\u'ln ;kmnh"u' b] -clt sd ljsl;t b]_ of hgtf to\u' hLjg:t/ yfsfo\tf;sn]+ ldno\ h'of] Hof ;fgo\ dMu'ln aM laof] lbn .

lrlgofF sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ ;lR5bf So+u' n;tfo\ lzv/ ;Dd]ng

17


dxf;lrj ;L h'+ sf]le8 !( dxfdf/Lof n8fO{Fvo\ yLyL b]of /fhgLlts :yfloTj+ t:s+ b'Uo+u' Hof s'laOu' j /fhgLltsbn lk;+ ljZj zflGt j ljsf;of nflu+ lhDd]jf/L sM 3fªxHofo\dM wfof]lbn .

/fi6«klt ;L h'+ ljsl;t b]z+ yy] cy] dw;]+ t:s+ sdljsl;t j ljsf;zLn b]ztf vf]k t cM k's laodMu'ln aMlaof] lbn .

Hof ‰jM;+ ;dfhjfbL b] So"jfof /fi6«klt leu'on h'+lrlgofF sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ j So"jfnL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{of bYjL tfMO{ lg;]+ cfk;L ;dfgtf, eft[Tj, ;dfhjfb k|ltof P]s]a4tf jcfk;L /fhg}lts ljZjf;of lnw+;fo\ g]u" kIfof :jfk' Sjft'of]Rj+u' vfF Aofs lbn . gkf+ Gofo, ;dfgtf ;fj{ef}d;Qf, dfgjLolhDd]jf/Laf]w x] g]u" b]of :jfk'of lnw+;f h"u' vfF sfª lb;]/fi6«klt ldu'on h"+ hf];] kf6L{ dfS;{jfb j n]lggjfbof dfu{lgb{]zl;4fGt sfy+ sM 3fª So"afo\ ;dfhjfbof WjfoF Ajo\sMRjªfu' vfF Aofs lbn .

^) bf xfF lg;]+ So"jfo\ ;+=/f cd]l/sf+ cdfgjLo jck/flws cfly{s gfsfaGbL ofªM Rj+u'of lj?4 ljZjof Gofok|]dLhgtf+ P]s]j4tf Kj+s Rj+u'ln+ josn+ ;'efo\ g+ b]5fof] lbn .

gfsfaGbLof t:s+ sfy+ dl5+u' Ono\ g+ So"afnL ;/sf/+xlndo t:s+ Uofk's dxfdf/Lsfy+ ªfªM k'ª jof] Rj+u' sf]le8EjNjoof lj?4 xbfo RjªM lrlsT;f n8fO{F NjfªM Rj+u' vfFAofs;] josn+ lhld;+ yMu' x] ;|f]t ;fwg t 5\onM lrlsT;fnfufo\ ckn+ ckM bfFts cg';Gwfg ofªM sf]leª EjNjoofªftflh vf]k bo\sf . ;sn So"afnL hgtftf sf]le8of lj?4yMdg+ x] bo\sfu' vf]k lao w'g cno\ lhldk'+ gLªf; :jof] ckMlrlsT;sk'+ yL yL b]zo\ sf]le8 Njr+ k'+ lkGtf pkrf/ ofo\u'Hofvo\ rf+ lGx dwMl;+ Hof;fª Rj+u' bM .

/fi6«klt ldu'on h'+ ;dfhjfbL b]z So"jf+ ‘Ps rLggLlt’ tf GxofAn]+ P]s]a4tf Kj+s;] hgjfbL u0ftGq rLg+ g+So"jftf ;+=/f= cd]l/sf+ ofªM jof] Rj+u' cfly{s gfsfaGbL oflj?4o P]s]j4tf Kj+sM jof] Rj+u' vfF s'n lbn .

blIf0f clk|msL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{of gfof] efh' l;l/n/fdfkmf];f h'+ rLg clk|msL hgtfof le+Dxf j rsf+u' g'uM bDxfkf;f vM wfof] lb;] clk|msfo\ cfly{s ljsf; j zflGt lg:jfgo\tfrLg+ dlbSs UjfxfnL ofªM Rj+u'ln+ ;'efo b]5fof] lbn .

?;of lbldqL e]be]b]eh'+ rLg j ?;of P]ltxfl;sldqtfof vfF s'n lb;] lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{of Gx\on'jfo\lrlgofF hgtf+ ;"rgf j k|ljlwof nfufo\ ofu' RjhMu' ljsf;ofvfF s'n Rj5fof] lbn .

kfls:tfgof k|wfgdGqL Od/fg vfg h'+ rLg j

kfls:tfgof bYjL &) bfFof tfM xfsu' uf}/jk"0f{ -ldqtf_ :jfk'bMu' vfF s'nlb;] lrlgofF sDo'lg:6kf6L{ j qmflGtsf/L lrlgofFhgtfof jL/tfk"0f{ ;+3if{+ xlndo pklgj]zjfbLt skM Sj 5' 5'+jfª Rj+u' vfF Aofs lbn . josn+ dxfg g]tf dfcf]T;]t'ªofGx\on'jfo\ lrlgofF hgtf+ cfTd;Ddfg j k"0f{ gful/s clwsf/sfo kmMu' vfF sfª lbn .

leotgfdof k|wfgdGqL Go'u]g km' 6«f]ª h'+ sf]le8dxfdf/Lof t:s+ sfy+ dl5+u' Ono\ g+ Njo gkf+ Njfo km}u'k|lt/Iff k|0ffnL+ t:s+ aNnfs to\ kmMu' x] Njoof t:s+ Uolnu'jf; y]+ vM wfof]lb;] jfo'k|b'if0f, cft+sjfb j dxfdf/Lof lj?4xlndoof ;sn Gofok|]dL hgtf 5Kkf 5lw h'odM wfof] lbn .

lzv/ ;Dd]ng] ch{]lG6gfof /fi6«klt cnj6f{] kmgf{Gb]hh'+ ch{]lG6gfnL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ lg:jf+u' &% bf j lrlgofF sDo'lg:6kf6L{ gkf+of :jfk' -ldqtf_ of $( bfof Hof‰jM Gx\ofs Rjªfu'yf}+ of Ono\ ch{]lG6gfo\ UofF; kfOk nfOg bo\s]tf lrlgof;/sf/+ ofu' UjfxfnLof no\tf -cfef/_ Kj+sM lbn .

shfv:tfg, lkmlnlkG;, Kofn]:6fOg, ;lj{of, sDj]l8of,df]hflDjs, gfldlaof, s+uf]of /fi6«k|d'v gkf+ kf6L{ k|d'v lk;+Ps w'|jLo ljZj lj?4 zflGt j e|ft[Tjof lg+lt+ rLg+ ofª Rj+u'Hofoftf RjM 5M ;]+ /fli6«o :jfwLgtf, ;fj{ef}ldstf j :jtGqtftfxgfagf of;] ax'w|'aLo ;dfh lg:jfgo\tf lrlgofF sDo'lg:6 kf6L{xlrnM Gxon'jf h'of] Rj+u'ln ;'efo\ b]5fof] lbn .

>Lnª\sfof k|wfgdGqL dlxGbf /fhfkfIf]h'+ hgjfbLu0ftGq rLg gkf+ >L nª\sf+ s'6gLlts :jfk' tMu' ̂ $ bf km'u'vfF s'nlb;] >L nª\sfof k"jf{wf/ ljsf; gkf+ sf]le8 dxfdf/LofOno\ vf]k Ao"u'ln+ ;'efo b]5fof] lbn .

af]lnleofof k"j{ /fi6«klt Oef] df]/fn]; h'+ lrlgofFsDo'lg:6 kf6L{of Gx\on'jfo\ ul/aLof hLjg:t/ yfsfo\tf tMnfu'ln+ no\tf Kj+sM lbn . josn+ rLg+ k|:tfj ofu' -Gx\oAjMu'_ 5u" yfo\ 5k' nfFk'+ -Ps If]q Ps dfu{_ ofª yL yL b]ofcfly{s ;fdflhs ljsf;o\ UjfxfnL h'Ou' ljZjf; Kj+sM lbn .

‘hgtfof le+ofo\tf /fhgLlts kf6L{ to\u' lhDd]jf/L’of d" gf/f Hjª h"u' lzv/ ;Dd]ngo\ df]/f]Ssf], blIf0f ;'8fg,;dfhjfbL cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yf, :k]g, rLg+ x5\ofu' ‘5u" yfo\ 5k'nfFk'’ Plzof, o'/f]k j Nofl6g cd]l/sfof b]of cfly{s, ;fdflhsljsf;o\ Hj d?u' UjfxfnL h'Ou' ljZjf; Kj+sM lbn .

lzv/ ;Dd]ng+ g]kMof kfv+ g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{gkf+ g]skf -Pdfn]_ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_ g]skf-dfn]_ hgtf;dfhjfbL kf6L{ j /fk|kfof k|ltlglwlk;+ Ajlt sMu' vM .

lzv/ ;Dd]ng lkAju' k|:tfjtf b'lt+k'+ %)@ u" /fhgLltsbn to\;+ Ho" bs ;xdlt Kj+su' 3f]if0ff ofu' vM .

d" kfxfF lrskfof dxf;lrj ;L lrglkmª


18

c;f/ @#Vjk gu/kflnsfof k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfklth'of d" kfxfFno\

sf]le8 !( jf+l/o;{ ;d"x -sf]le8 gkf+ TofsM j k'+_ k'rMEjFtof Uj;fno a'waf/ u'un ld6 kfv+ cGtlqm{of Hof ‰jMh'n .

Hof ‰jM;+ k|d'v k|hfklt h'+ ;+s6 jf dxfdf/LofOno\ larM ofª knf l5ªM h'o dkm";f tM x|f+u' b'ef{Uo kmodfnL wfof] lbn . josn+ Vjk gu/kflnsfkfv+ Gx\ofs Rj+u'Vjk c:ktfno\ hgtfof UjfxfnL+ bo\su' clS;hg KnfG6 Gx\ofsMhgtftf cM k's clS;hg ljotf tM nfu' vfF sfª lb;] ;+3,k|b]z j :yfgLo txof d+sM s'tn+ hs dxfdf/L gkf+ Njfo km}u'vfF Aofs lbn .

sf]le8 EjNjotf 5'+ dv' bs a]jf:tf ofu' b]of hgtf+Djfo\s+ Djfo\s+ y'u' Njr+ k|f0f TjM to\ dMu' vfF Aofs;] josn+xlndo bsno\ cKjM Hof ;fª g}k'+ Hofldto\tf afFdnfslnRjnfu' vfF s'n lbn . efO/; lj?4of vf]k x] sf]le8gkf+ Njfo\tf dbo\s dufu' Hof eM y]+ vM wfof] lb;] y'u' pkfoTjM lkmOso\ dHo"u' gkf+ k'FhLjfbL Aoj:yfo\ ul/a hgtfof

gu/ k|d'v h' gkf+ cGt/lqmofhLjg WjFnf lvrfnfy]+ d"NoxLg sfy+ t:s+ o+sM 5\jOu' wfTy]+u' vfFk|:6 ofª lbn .

Hof ‰jM;+ lGx“ yf+u' Gx\o\;of ln;M laof] lb;] josn+gful/s lklgu' hLjg DjfsM to\u' -p2]Zo+_ dlt+ gu/kflnsf+@% u" a]8of Prl8o" gkf+of &% u" a]8of Vjk c:ktfn

sf]le8 o"lg6 Gx\ofs;] yf}+ of lbg tsvo\ ckn+ hgtfof;]jfofo w'+su' vfF g+ Aofs lbn .Vjk gu/kflnsf+ hgtftf r]tgf d"ns Hof ‰jM t

dlbSs Gx\ofs;] sf]le8 EjNjr+ dk'+sM Rjgo\tf ofo\dMu' pkfoof dfOlsª, Tjfno Tjfno\ ;fe"+yfªnfxfl;no\u' Aoj:yf ofª ju' gkf+ Vjk gu/kflnsfofhgk|ltlglwk'+ dxfdf/Lof Ono\ hgtf gkf+ Rjª Hof;fªfu' cg'ejt sfª lbn .josn+ :jlguno\ :df6{ l;6L bo\s] dMu' d? wfo\u'

vfF s'nlb;] emLso\ bMu' k'/ftflTjs j ;f+:s[lts dxTjof;Dkbft DjfsM, No+sM to\u' x] t:s+ dxTjk"0f{ Hof vM wfof]lbn . gkf+ ljb]zL to\u' e/o\ b]z ljsf; ofo\u' dlt ultdnfOu' vfF sfª lb;] josn+ Vjk gu/kflnsftf -cfTdlge{/_yMu' t'tL yM x] bfgo\ km}u' sfy+ xHofso\u' s'tM h'of] Rj+u' vfFg+ Aofs lbn .

Vjk gu/kflnsf+ /~hgf lnlkof sIff, yL yL nfxfto\Hof b}u' tflndt Ao" Ao"+ jof] Rj+u' gkf+ gu/b'go\of km'Ss Ajgo\s'ly :yfgLo kf7\oqmd Aj+so\ laow'+u' vfF g+ Aofs lbn .

Hof ‰jM;+ g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{ EjFt -sfe|]_ lhNnfof s[i0f s'df/ j}B j sf]le8 Njr+ TofsM j lkGtf xflgu'-jfl/o;{_ k'rM of slh /f]hg Gx'R5] k|wfgh'+ g+ Gjr' tof] b\o"u' vM .

Vjk gu/kflnsfof lxu"+t'+ j8fo\ @)&* c;f/ @$ j @% ut];fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf -ljt/0f_ ljou' Hof h'n .

;fdflhs ;'/IffeQf ljn jlGt kmNrf bfª Rj+yfo\hg>dbfgof ‰jno\

19


c;f/ @^Vjk gu/kflnsfof k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfklt h"of d" kfxfFno\

drfano\x] laof] 5\jOu' rng tf+so\tf ;d"bfotf 5\ono\dMu'ljifo;+ zlgaf/ k|jrg Hof‰jM h'n .

Vjk gu/kflnsf j8f g+= & of Uj;fno\ h"u' Hof

‰jM;+ k|d'v k|hfklt h'+ zf/Ll/s j dfgl;s ?k+ kl/kSjdh'Os laof] 5\jOu' Ono\ cldkfv+ drf a'Oano\ yL yL ;d:ofjokmM wfof] lb;] sfg'g+ gLbf :jof] Dx\jrf a};of Ono\ h'Ou'Olxkfoftf ‘jfn lajfx’ wfof] tMu' vfF Aofs lbn .

Gx"Fu' k':tfof Nof;] NofDxf] lkGs] AjªM tMu' sfy+ af+nfu';+:sf/ jodMu', cldtf drf ano\ lg;]+ :ogo\ dMu' vfF Aofs;]ljb]zo\ jfgo\tf vM y]+ ofªM gSsnL Aof]x ofO u'ln+ emLu';dfho\ afFdnfu' lnRjM nfª Rj+u' vfF sfª lbn . josn+

drf ano\x] Olxkf dofso\tf k|jrgyhu' Hof 5' g+ dv' bs wfo\ dHo" y'sL+ lnkf Yo+s afFdnfslnRjM nflsu' vfF Aofs;] Dx\ofo\ drf laof] 5\jo\ w'gsL+ yMu'st{Ao k"jfg bs dlt tof] drf ano\ x] laof] 5\jo\u' k'nf+u'rng TjMtso\tf ;d"bfo x] xHofª Hof;fgo\dM wfof] lbn .

Vjk gu/kflnsf j8f g+ & of j8fWoIf ps]z sjf+ h'+ld;fto\u' lhp t:s+ hl6n j O{ sfy+ yM tf yd+ larM ofª+ t'+Rjgo\ dMu' vfF sfª lbn . josn+ drfano\ x] laof] 5\jou'j ljb]zo\ jfgo\tf gSsnL Olxkf ofOu' rng+ j}u' sfg'gL ;d:ofaf/]hg–r]tgf d"ns vfF sfF sf+ jfgo\ dM wfof]lb;] Vjk gu/kflnsf+hgtfof dlt sfy+of of]hgft xbfo\ tof] Hof ;fª Rj+u' vfFAofs lbn .

Hof ‰jM ;+ Vjk gu/kflnsf j8f g+= & of g;{ d'gfnjh'+ ‘drf ano\ x] h'Ou' Olxkf’ of af/] yMu' larM gkf+ lkAjof]lbn . josn+ drf ano\ x] h'Ou' Olxkf+ drfto\tf nfOu'afFdnfu' lnRjM j plsof sf/0fof vfF Aofs lb;] drfano\ x]laof] 5\jou' xlndoof b] dWo] g]kM b] Rofu" u' b]of Nofvo\ nfªRj+u' vfF g+ Aofs lbn .

Hof ‰jM;+ j8f g+= & of j8fof b'hMk'+ /~hgf TjftLj xl//Tg uf]vf{nL h'+ g+ Gjr' tof] b\o"u' vM;f jx] Hof ‰jM;=gu/k|d'v k|hfklt h'+ :yfgLo ;d'bfo+ nfxft+ bo\su' sfkof;]g]6/L Kof8 j8fof b'hM /~hgf TjftLoftf nM NxfªM lbn .pu' :og]6/L Kof8 Hof ‰jM vo\ emMk'+ ;sn ttf–s]x]F lkGtflgMz'Ns Oª Ao"u' vM .

c;f/ @$Vjk gu/kflnsfkfv+ Gx\ofs Rj+u' Vjk gu/kflnsf

j8f g+= @ b]sf] ldjf Otfkfs] hUuf PsLs/0f cfof]hgfof Hofdyf+ Sjrfo\s]tf pu' of]hgf hUufjfnflklg kfv+ k'?iff]Qd tdv'h' kfv+ Vjk gu/kflnsfof k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfklth"oftf Wofgfsif{0fkf} nM Nxfª lbn .

Wofgfsif{0f kf} nM Nxfª sM ;] k|d'v k|hfklt h'+gu/kflnsfkfv+ Gx\ofsM Rj+u' cfjf; of]hgfof af/] Go+u' Gx\o;M,hgu'gf;f]of 5nkmn ofªM dyf+x] Sjrfo\s]u' vfF sfªM lbn .t'drf] b'u'/] j lnjfnL cfjf; of]hgf w'+sM Vjk gu/kflnsf+b]sf] ldaf O6fkfs] cfof]hgftf Aojl:yt 9+u+ Gx\ofso\tf j

gu/ k|d'v k|hfklth'oftf Wofgfsif{0f


20

Vjk gu/tf ;'ljwf+ hMu' Vjk b] sfy+ Aojl:yt ofo\u' dlt+cfof]hgf Uj;M Ujof] Hof Gx\ofsu' vfF Aofs lbn .

josn+ yM oTy]+ 5]F bflgu' jf ;+/rgft bolsano\gu/of zf]ef :olgu'ln+ j rsf+u' VoM tM dbof] k|fs[lts k|sf]kofOno\ Rjgo\u' yfo\ db}u'ln+ Aojl:yt a:tL ljsf; ofo\u' dlt+gu/kflnsf+ cfjf; of]hgf Gx\ofsu' vfF Aofs;] ;'ljwf sMu'sfy+ of]ubfg ofo\ dMu' vfF Aofs lbn .

b]sf] ldaf O6fkfs] hUuf cfof]hgf af/] pu' Wofgfsif{0fkf}vo\ Uj;fno\ nfu' hUuf vo\ jMu' hgu'gf;f]of kmf/d e/] ofk'+ckn+ a'Fy'jM -hUufwgL_ lk;+ yM lkGtf kml5+ kmSj dyf+ hUuflntf laof bs wMu', c+zj08f ofo\ dMu' hUufof lsQfsf6dh'of] kfªM tMu' ln+ bfh'lshf lklgu' c+zj08fofo\tf sfy+dl5ª Rj+u', hUuf lntfsfof] sfy+l5+s 5]F bfª Rjgo\u' dlt

tof] Rj+lkGtf t:s+ sfy+ dl5+u' vfF Rjof] dfu tof] tMu' vM .cy]x] c;f/ @& ut] hUufjfnflklg kfv+ :yfgLo

k|g]z af6Lh'+ gu/kflnsfof Uj;fno\ Gx\ofs Rj+u' cfof]hgf+hUuf lntf laou' Hof lnkf nfu'ln+ ;d:of h"u'ln+ dyf+ Hofl;wo\sM lntf laotf Wofgfsif{0f kf} nM NxfªM lbn .

jx] ‰jno\ Wofgfsif{0f kf} nM Nxfª sf;] gu/ k|d'vk|hfklt h'+ Aojl:yt a:tL ljsf; ofªM kmSjM ckM hgtftf

;'ljwf laou' dlt+ cfjf; of]hgf Gx\ofsu' cno\hgtfof dfu sfy+ cfof]hgfof Hof dyf+ Sjrfo\s]tfgu/kflnsf+ s'tM ofªM Rj+u' vfF Aofs lbn .gu/kflnsfkfv+ Gx\ofsM Rj+u' cfjf; of]hgfofaf/] jof] Rj+u' hgu'gf;f]tf ;Daf]wg ofo\tf Ono\Aono\ sfy+l5 d'+sM 5nkmn ofªM xHofªM Rjªfu'vfF Aofs lbn .

tM Ejvfrf+ ofªM u'ln+ hUufjfnft cM tsg+6x/fo\ x] Rjª Rjgo\ dMu' 5]F bfgo\tf ;d:of h"u',

bfh'lshflklgu' bYjL c+z efu yo\tf -cK7]/f]_ sfy+ dl5ªMRj+u'ln+ joslklgu' u'gf;f] GoªM cfof]hgf dyf+ Sjrfo\sMlaof bsM Wofgfsif{0f kf} vo\ lGxyfªM tMu' vM . gkf+ljjfb d?u', u'gf;f] d?u' hUuf u'gf;f] ;Daf]wg+ lnkfnfOy]+Rj+;f ljjfb d?u' hUuf lg+ lntf laof bs Wofgfsif{0f ofªMb\o"u' vM .

c;f/ @*g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{of 5\of~h] k|]d ;'jfn h'+

Vjk gu/kflnsfkfv+ lkyf+u' :yfgLo kf7\oqmd ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L‘Vjksf] klxrfg’ g]Aju' ;fkm" ;f]daf/ cgnfOg Hof‰jM kfv+lrlv km\ogo\ Hof h'n .

Hof ‰jM;= 5\of~h] ;'jfn h'+ ;fkm" vo\ b'Yofu' Rj;'oftf ;dLIffTds l6Kk0fL ofª lb;] b]zo\ dfyf+ jf+s ljsf;of]hgf nfu' ofo\tf j yM u' yfo\ TjMt d]yfo\ g+ afo\ RjF j}lklgu' a;fO{ ;/fO{F Dx\jF ofo\tf g]kM of ;/sf/tf tM sM x]Wofgfsif{0f ofªM jofu' vfF s'n lbn .

;fkm'vo\ b'YofsM tu' yL yL xfgo\ axlklgu' hLjgLAjªM dg" to\;+ yMu' kl/jf/of nflu+ hs Hof ;fgo\u' dv';]+b]z j ;dfhof lg+lt+ lgM :jfy{ efjgf+ Hof ;fgo\u' k|]/0ff r"nfOu' vfF sfª lb;] josn+ Gx"Fu' k':tftf ;dfh, b]z jhgtfof nflu+ Djfo\u' k|]/0ff laou' vfF Aofslbn .

‘Vjksf] klxrfg’ g]u"u' ;fkm' lrlv km\ogo\ HofVjkof Dxfl;Osf xlndo AofsM lkAjo\tf ;fkm"+ UjfxfnL

ofu' vfF Aofs;] ;f+;b ;'jfn h'+ ;fkm" b'goFof Rj;'of ljifoj:t'vo\ef}ltsjfbL AofVoftf aM laodMu' vfF g+ s'n lbn . gkf+ b] of;d;fdlos /fhgLltof af/] yMu' larM Kj+s;] josn+ ;+;bk'gM :yfkgf lnkf g+ b] of /fhgLltvo\ cM ts 5'ofo\ <uy]ofo\of < cGof}n dtf+u' j cM j}u' lbgo\ g+ ;f+;b Gofo, ldoofOu' ;Defjgf ckn+ bMu' j Gx'Fu' bo\lsu' ;/sf/+ g+ b]z jhgtfof le+ h'Ou' ah]6 lkAjOu' vfF Aofs lbn .

lrlgofF sDo'li6 kf6L{ lg:jf+u' !)) bfof n;tfo Uj;MUju' lzv/ ;Dd]ngof ;Gb]zof vfF y'Os Ao";]] ;f+;b ;'jfnh'+ lrskf lg:jf+u' ;lR5bf b'goF rLg+ lj1fg, k|ljlw, pBf]u,lzIff, :jf:Yo j cy{tGqof nfufo\ Rj5fo\ axu' k|ult ofu' vfFsfªM lbn .

Vjk gu/kflnsfof k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfklt h'+ Vjk

21


gu/kflnsf+ lkyf+u' ‘Vjksf] klxrfg’ Vjkof af/] y'Oso\u'dlt bMk'+ ;sn l;of lg+lt+ t:s+ UjfxfnL ofOu' ;fkm"sfy+ h'Ou'ljZjf; Kj+s lbn .

josn+ -o]F, on, Vjk_ :jlguM yM x] :df6{ l;6L y]+ vMwfof]lb;] :jlguM of hUuft :df6{ l;6Lof gfdoF lxå–lx+g]ålkhUufo\ Gx"Fu' ;x/ lg:jfgo\u' gfdoF ;Dkbft :o+so\u' Hof vMwfof] lbn psL+ :jlguM tf ;f+:s[lts s]Gb| sfy+ xHofs o+so\dMu' larM josn+ Kj+s lbn .

jfuLZj/L df=lj= of k"j{ ;xfos k|=c= gkf+ ;fkm"ofefiff ;Dkfbs 1fg ;fu/ k|hfklth'+ km'Ss sfy+ :yfgLo kf7\oqmd;Gbe{ ;fdu|L g]u"u' lkyfgfvo\ b'Yofu' @$ u" Rj;'of af/] yMu' ;dLIffTds Gjr' lkAj;] ‘Vjksf] klxrfg’ ;fkm" v+lzIfslkGtf l;h{gzLn h'otf UjfxfnL ofOu' vfF sfª lbn .

:yfgLo kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f sfo{bnof slh of]u]Gb| dfglah'S5]F h'+ Vjk gu/kflnsf+ bfR5Lof b'go ;Gbe{ ;fdu|Lg]u'u" -efu @_ lkyf+u' t:s+ af+nfu' vfF vM wfof]lb;] :yfgLokf7\oqmd d]d]u' ljifo :jof] t:s+ kfu' ljifo vM wfof] lbn .;fkm" vo\ tof] tMu' yL yL xfgo\ ax lklgu' hLjgLt gkf+d]d]u' Rj;'t Vjkof ckn+ Oltxf;tf KjnM xof] Rjof] tMu'vfF Aofs;] slh lah'S5]F h'+ ljZj dfgj ;Eotfof yL yLcfofdof af/] tfªM cWoog– cg';Gwfg ofo\tf pu' ;fkm"v+UjfxfnL ofOu' vfF Aofs lbn .

:yfgLo kf7\oqmd sfo{bnof b'hM k|f= l;l4/Tg zfSoh'+ lzIfs lklgu' dfu sfy+ y'u' ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L bo\su' vfF Aofs;]

;fkm" lkyf+u'ln+ cM Gxkf :jof] cem af+nfs Aj+lsu'ln ljZjf;Kj+s lbn .

;Gbe{ ;fdu|L j kf7\ok':tsof bYjL kfOu' vfF :ki6of;] josn+ Vjk gu/kflnsf+ lkyf+u' ‘Vjksf] klxrfg–efu @’lzIfs j AjgfldlkGtf hs dv' Vjkof af/] cg';Gwfg ofo\u'dlt bMk'+ ;snl;tf Hof nuo\ h"u' ;fkm" vM wfof]lb;] 5u" g]u"Ajgo\ s'ly+ :yfgLo kf7\oqmdtf d]u' ljifotf y]+ dxTj dAo"u'vfgo\ bMu', lzIfst lgo'lQmvo\ lglZrttf d?u' vfF Aofs;]josn+ AjgfldlkGtf /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o 1fg gkf+ :yfgLo ;+:s[lt,;+:sf/, efo\, 1fgof ljifo sfªM x5\ofª o+so\ dMu' vfF Aofslbn .

Hof ‰jM;+ zflGt lgs]tg df=lj= /fdlGb/of k|=c=dx]Gb| uf]kfn sdf{rfo{ h'+ s]Gb|Lo kf7\oqmd+ AjgfldlkGtf :yfgLoljifoj:t' y'Oso\ dAo"u' vfF Aofs;] :yfgLo kf7\oqmdof dxTjaf/] sfª lbn .

AjgfldlkGtf ljBfno:t/lg;]+ x] ;Dkbf snf–;+:s[ltj yMu' Dxfl;Osfvo\ uj{ ofo\u' efjgf Ajnf+so\tf ‘Vjksf]klxrfg+’ t:s+ UjfxfnL ofOu' vfF Aofs;] k|=c= sdf{rfo{ h'+:yfgLo kf7\oqmdof dlt k"jf+so\u' sfy+ Aj+so\u' lhDdf lzIfslklgu'h"u'ln+ j :yfgLo kf7\oqmd af+nfsM 5\ono\tf y'u' ;Gbe{ tx|f+u'UjfxfnL ofOu' vfF Aofs lbn .

Hof ‰jM ;+ Vjk gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ( of j8fWoIf/ljGb| HofVj h'+ ;fkm"vo\ b'Yofu' Rj;'of ljifo /rgfTds;'emfjof cfzf Kj+sM lbn .


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c;f/ @(Vjk gu/kflnsfof k|d'v

;'lgn k|hfklt h'+ dxfgu/Lo k|x/Lkl/;/ Vjko\ ;?jf h'of] emMDxf k|x/Lpk/LIfs lzj s'df/ >]i7 h'tf 5u"Hof ‰jM;+ d+unaf/ Vjk gu/kflnsfo\n;s'; ofª lbn . gu/ k|d'vk|hfklth'+ @)&* c;f/ @! ut] lg;]+Vjk lhNnfo\ ;?jf h'of] emDxf k|x/Lpk/LIfs >]i7tf tSjftk'nL+ k'OsM:j+Dx' nM Nxfª n;s'; ofª lbn .

pu' Hof ‰jM;+ gu/ k|d'vh'+ ;kmn sfo{sfnof leGt'gf b]5fof]lb;] hgk|ltlglw j k|zf;gof d+sMs'tno\ lhNnfo\ ;'zf;g sfod ofo\tfcM k'Ou' vfF sfª lbn . josn+ d+sM s'tn+ ckn+ yfs' wMu'Hof g+ cM k's l;wo\sfu' cg'ej sfª lb;] Vjk gu/kflnsfaM l5of 5sM ;'r's'r' Hof xHofs Rjªfu'ln k|x/L k|zf;g+ g+UjfxfnL ofª jof] Rj+u' j yL yL gvfrvf hfqf–kfqfvo\zflGt ;'/Iff vo\ Rj5fo\ jxu' Hof ofª jof] Rj+u' vfF Aofslbn .

gu/ k|d'v k|hfklt h'+ gu/kflnsf+ ;dfho\ c/fhstfAjnf+lslkGtf dM sfy+ sfjf{xL ofo\tf UjfxfnL ofOu' ljZjf;Kj+sM lbn .

Hof ‰jM;+ Vjk gu/kflnsfof pk–k|d'v /hgLhf]zL h'+ ef}uf]lns Nofv+ lrRofx|f+u' lhNnf h";f+ ckn+ hgtft5yfo\;+ Rjª hg3gTj bMu' ;f+:s[lts Nofv+ t:s+ tM ldu'lhNnf sfy+ Dxfl;Osf lkAjof] jof] Rj+u' vfF Aofs lbn .sf]le8 dªf+sM dk'+sM to\tf Vjk gu/kflnsf+ ofªM ju'Hoft s'nlb;] Vjk gu/kflnsf+ hgtfof UjfxfnL+ clS;hgKnfG6 tof] gu/af;LlkGtf w]af DjfosM lgMz'Ns Oª laof]Rj+u' vfF sfª lbn .

pu' Hof ‰jM ;+ k|x/L pk/LIfs lzjs'df/ >]i7 h'+gu/kflnsf+ ofu' n;s';of notf Kj+s;] Vjko\ jof]ydg+ Hof ;fgo\ bMu'ln yfgfof ;f+:s[lts k/Dk/f jHof‰jMvo\ yg+ Ajltsfo\ b}u'ln yM tf uf}/j h'of] Rj+u'vfF sfª lbn . Vjkof ck/fw /f]syfd, lgoGq0f,cg';Gwfg j zflGt ;'/Iff ofo\tf gu/kflnsf gkf+ d+sMs'tM ofo\u' ar+ laof] lb;] josn+ :yfgLo af;L lkGtfxbfo tof] Hof ;fgo\ kmM;f af+nfOu' vfF Aofs lbn .Vjk gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ( of j8fWoIf /ljGb|

HofVjM h'+ g+ Gjr' tof] b\o"u' pu' Hof ‰jM;+ Vjkgu/kflnsf sfo{kflnsfof b'hM j gu/kflnsfof zfvfk|d'vt g+ Hof ‰j;+ Ajlt sfof] b\o"u' vM .

k|x/L pk/LIfs >]i7 h" oftf n;s';

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c;f/ @(‘c+z'jdf{of kfno\of ‘kfj{tL’ of d"tL{ cd]l/sfo\ n'of]

jn’ wfo\u' 5of]F -zLif{s_ tof] @)&* c;f/ @^ ut] zgLjf/of‘sflGtk'/’ lGx kf} of Gxfkf+u' kfgfo\ Rjof] tMu' a'vfF Vjkgu/kflnsfof Wofgfsif{0f h"u' vfF Aofs;] pDxf Bf] -d"tL{_g]kfno\ lntf xo\tf Vjk gu/kflnsf+ :jfk' bMu' lgsfotf kf}Rjof] Hof Gx\ofsu' bM . Vjkofuf ]Nd9L Rj+u' jL/eb| ]Zj/dxfBf]of b'goF tof] tMu' snfTdskfj{tLof d'tL{ kLbf xfF pDxf Bf]v'of] o+su' vM . cM pDxf Bf]cd]l/sfof sg]l6s6of o]nljZjljBfnoof ;+u|xfno;+ n'of]ju' a'vfF lkyf+u' vM .

Vjk gu/kflnsf j8fg+= & uf]Nd9L g+ v'of] o+sDxfpDxf Bf] cd]l/sfof ;+u|xfno+g]kfno lntf xof] Vjkof jL/eb|]Zj/ dxfBf]of b]uM b'go\ x]lgM :jfgo\tf Vjk gu/kflnsf+g]kM of ;/sf/ cGt/utofk'/ftTj ljefu ;+3Lo dfldnftyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno,;+:s[lt ko{6g tyf gful/sp8\8og dGqfno j k//fi6«dGqfnotf dM sfy+of Hof ‰jMxHofs laof bs UjfxfnL jcg'/f]w kf} Rjof] 5\jo w'+su' h'n . a'vfF ;+ o]n ljZjljBfnoofj]e ;fO6o\ pu' d'tL{ -Bf]_ tf ‘a'lå:6 u8]; tf/f’ bs lGxyfªtMu' j ;g !(&^ o\ Vjk uf]Nd9L Tjfn+ v'of] o+su' pDxf Bf]bsno\ GxFkf+ l:kGs P08 ;r{ lnld6]8+ -nG8g+_ b]jLof d'tL{wfof] snf ;Dkbf of ;+u|xstf{ h]D; P08 dfln{g PN;8km{tfDo"u' bs sflGtk'/+ lkyf+u' pu' a'vfF vo\ lGxyfª tMu' vM .

cd]l/sfo\ n'of] ju' d'tL{ lntfxo\u' Vjkgu/kflnsfof s'tM

cno\ ;g @))@ vo\ dfOsn P08 hlh{of+ Go"of]s{] pu' d'tL{Yo+su' wMu' bM .

g]kM of cg]s yfo\of P]ltxfl;s j k'/ftflTjs dxTjsM3fªM Rj+u' d'tL{t Yjg+ Gxkf g+ ;/sf/of Gxon'jfo\ yL yL b]z+lntf xof] j x] yf;o\ lg:jf+u' ckn+ pbfx/0ft bM . cfly{s?k+ ;+;f/of tM ldu' b] wfof] tMu' b]z+, snf–;+:s[lt ;Dkbf

j dfgj ;Eotfof ljifono\ ljZjljBfno :t/o\ Ajlgu'–Aj+lsu' cd]l/sf of ljZjljBfno g]kfno\ g+ v'of] xMu" ;Dkbf;+u|xfno tof] Ajof] tMu' d5fno\ dMu' vfF vM . g]kM of;/sf/of Gx\on'jfo\ g]kfn+ tf+u' chu' Bf] -;Dkbf_ t g]kfno\x] lntf xof] Gxkfof yf;o\ x] lg:jflgu' ;sn ;+:s[lt k|]dL j;Dkbfk|]dL lk;+ ljZjf; ofª Rj+u' bM .


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Vjk gu/kflnsfof lkygf :yfgLo kf7\oqmd ;Gbe{;fdu|L Vjksf] klxrfg g]u"u'’ ;fkm"of Rjldk'+ gkf+ a'waf/ Vjkgu/kflnsfof ;efsIf 5nkmn Hofem\j h'n . Hofem\jM ;+gu/ k|d'v k|hfklt h'+ ‘Vjksf] klxrfg’ ;fkm"lt t:s+ Rj5foaxu' Rj;'t Rjof] UjfxfnL ofªM b\o"k'+ Rjldk'+ j kf7\oqmdlgdf{0f sfo{bntf ;'efo b]5fof] lbn .

snf ;+:s[lt+ RjhMu' gu/ Vjkof Oltxf;, e'uf]n,snf–;+:s[lt, ;Dkbf, yMyfo\ lDxltu' sf;f gkf+ yL yL gf+ hMlklgu', hLjgLaf/] Gx"“u' k':tftf Wjfy'lsu' dlt+ gu/kflnsf+‘Vjksf] klxrfg’ ;fkm" lkyf+u' vf“ k|d'v k|hfklt h'+ Aofslbn .

gu/kflnsf+ :j+u"u' ;fkm" lksfo\u' s'tno h'of] Rj+u'vf“ sfªM lb;] gu/ k|d'v k|hfklth'+ hgtfof UjfxfnL j ;fybof] gu/kflnsftf Hof ;fgo\tf cMk'u' gkf+ ‘Vjksf] klxrfg’;fkm" Vjkof cd"No ;DklQ sfy+ NoªM Rjlgu' ljZjf; Kj+slbn .

Vjk gu/kflnsf+ Vjk b]of dxTj sM3fª Rj+u';Dkbfof ljifono\ ko{6s lkGtf arfM xfsn+ Dxfl;Osf lkAjokm}u' sfy+ ;Dkbfnfufo\ Dxfl;sf gkf+of af]8{ j g]kfn efiffljifono\ RjoYo+sM pRr lzIff Ajlgk'+ Ajgfld lkGtf 5fqj[ltlaof] jof] Rjªfu' vf“ Aofs lbn .

Hofem\jM ;+ yL yL Rjldlk;+ pu" ;fkm"of af/] yMyMu' larM Kj+s M b\o"u' vM .

Rjld nIdLeQm af;'snf h'+ AjgfldlkGtf :yfgLoljifoj:t'of dxTj ckn+ bMu' vf“ sf“ sf+ ljb]zL sf;fdv' yMu'yfo\of sf;f :oª o+so\ kmM;f drfto\u' lbdfuo\ -;sf/fTds_

af+nfu' lnRjM nfOu' vf“ sfª lbn .Rjld doh' ;'lgtf ufO“;L :yfgLo kf7\oqmd cy]+x]

t:s+ af+nfu' ljifo vM wfof]lb;] Vjk gu/kflnsf+ lkyf+u' y'u';fkm" Ajgo\ x] dMu' gkf+ yMsy\ dbo\s dufu' ;fkm" vM wfof]lbn .

Rjld ljZjdf]xg hf]zL h'+ yyfo\ Rj+u' ;+:s[ltDxfl;OsMRjgo\u' wfo\u' yMtf wd+ Dxfl;OsM Rjgo\u' y]+ vM,yMu' cfTd uf}/j tf+sM 5\jo\u' y]+ vM wfof]lb;]+ Oltxf;,e"uf]n, gkf+ ;+:s[lt Ajlgk'+ Ajgfldk'+ emg emg Dx\j“ h'of] jf+u'Ono\ Vjk gu/kflnsf+ y'u' ljifo AjlglkGtf 5fqj[lt laof]Aj+so\ laof] Rj+u' t:s+ Rj5fo\ axh" wfof]lbn .

Rjld dx]Gb| uf]kfn sdf{rfo{ h'+ cno\ uf}/L axfb'/sfsL{ h'+ gu/kflnsf kfv+ lkyf+u' kf7\oqmd+lj1fgtf g+ gkf+ gkf+ o+so\u' s'tM ofªM Rj+u' ,:yfgLo kf7\oqmd Aj+lsk'+ lzIfslkGtf dgx\jo\sM pTk|]/0ff Ao" Ao"+ jfgo\ dMu', Vjkofuf}/jof vf“ Hof Gx"“u' k':tftf nM Nxf Nxf“ o+so\dMu' vf“t sfªM lbn .

;Dkbfk|]dL /laGb| k'/L+ :yfgLo kf7\oqmd+Vjkof d"t{ cd"t{ ;Dkbft lkAjo dMu'ln aMla;]b]of lzIff gLlt Nx\jgo\tf cno Vjkof Dxfl;OsflkAjotf kf7\oqmd+ ckn+ UjfxfnL ofOu' vf“sfªM lbn .

cy]x] Rjld /Tg ;'Gb/ zfSo h'+ kf7\oqmdo\ b'Yofk'+yL yL xfgo\ jxk'+ JolQmTj lklgu' hLjgL Gx"“u' k':tf+ Ajª;o\so\ l;Oso\ bMu' t:s+ af+nfu' cj;/ vM wfof]lb;]+ VjkofDxfl;Osf lkAjotf y'u' ;fkm" t:s+ Hof nuo\ h'Ou' vf“ Aofslbn .

Rjld ;'j]udfg lah'S5]“ h'+ Ajgfld lk;+ :yfgLosnf, ;+:s[lt, k/Dk/f gkf+of ljifo;+ Dx\jrf hs vf“ y"u'ln+Ajgo\s'lyof Ono\ lg;]+ kf7\oqmdo\ yhu' vf“ b'YofsM nfxfto\Hof b}u' 1fg laou' dlt+ gu/kflnsf+ ofª jof] Rj+u' HofRj5fo\ ax h" wfof] lbn .

Hof em\jM ;+ :yfgLo kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f sfo{bnofslh efh' of]u]Gb| dfg lah'S5]“ h'+ gu/kflnsfof Ogfko\ t:s+Uo;'nfu' Rj;' t Rjof] UjfxfnL ofª b\o"k'+ ;sn+ RjldlkGtf;'efo b]5fof] lb;] :yfgLo kf7\oqmd 5fo\dfnf bs wfOlkGtfy'u' ;fkm'+ Dx"t'KjM ltsM ln;M laOu' ljZjf; Kj+sMlbn .

Rjldk'+ gkf+ v“NxfaNxf

v'Oªfu u ' Vjk kf }, aMl5 kf }-kflIfs ;DkfbsLo...v'Oªfu "u ' Vjk kf , aMl5 kf} }-kflIfs_ 2 rLgof e...

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Transcript of v'Oªfu u ' Vjk kf }, aMl5 kf }-kflIfs ;DkfbsLo...v'Oªfu "u ' Vjk kf , aMl5 kf} }-kflIfs_ 2 rLgof e...