Vocabulary1. Impressment

2. Embargo

3. Unprepared

4. Capture

5. Outnumbered

6. Blockade

7. Port

8. Invade

9. Allies

a) A refusal to trade with another country

b) Friendsc) To take control ofd) A place where ships

stope) Forcing sailors to work

on another shipf) Not readyg) To enter with forceh) Closing off an area with

shipsi) When the other side has

more soldiers/people than you do

The Presidency of James Madison

• Elected in 1808• Virginian lawyer and

student of history• Wrote a large part of

the U.S. Constitution• Stood barely 5’4” and

120 pounds but, an intellectual ahead of his time

A.A. Causes of the WarCauses of the War1. Impressment

a. Britain and France were fighting a war in Europe

b. Britain began capturing American sailors and “impressing” them, or forcing them to work on British ships

c. By 1807, Britain had seized more than 1,000 American ships

2. Embargo Act of 1807a. President Jefferson

convinced Congress to declare an embargo

b. Jefferson believed the embargo would hurt Britain, but it really hurt America

c. In 1809, Congress ended the embargo with all countries except Britain and France

3. America’s Desire for Canada

a. Americans saw that Canada was not well-defended by Britain

b. Americans wanted more land and believed that people in Canada would want to join the United States

B.B. The War HawksThe War Hawks1. A group of Republican

Congressmen from the South and West

2. Wanted war against Britain

3. Led by Senator John C. Calhoun of South Carolina and Henry Clary of Kentucky

C.C. Election of 1808Election of 18081. James Madison, a

Democratic-Republican, won

2. In the Spring of 1812, Madison decided to go to war against Britain

D.D. The War in The War in CanadaCanada

1. Americans were unprepared for war

2. The British captured Detroit and the Americans failed to capture Canada

3. Many Native Americans helped the British because they wanted to stop Americans from taking more land

E.E. The War at SeaThe War at Sea1. The U.S. Navy was

young and outnumbered2. In November of 1812,

the British blockaded the Chesapeake and Delaware Bays

3. The blockade grew throughout the war

4. By 1813, most American ships were unable to leave their ports

F.F. The War on LandThe War on Land1. Battle for

Washingtona. The British invaded

Washington, D.C. in 1814

b. British soldiers burned the Capitol, the White House, and other public buildings

c. Before the British burned the White House, Dolley Madison saved a famous painting of George Washington

2. Battle at Fort McHenrya. Francis Scott Key: an

American lawyer and prisoner of the British

b. Saw an American flag flying over Ft. McHenry after the battle

c. The flag inspired Key to write “The Star-Spangled Banner”

G.G. The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans (1815)Orleans (1815)

1. The most famous/important battle of the War

2. Americans were lead to victory by General Andrew Jackson

3. The battle continued even after the war ended because word did not reach the Americans for several weeks

H.H. The Treaty of GhentThe Treaty of Ghent

1. In December, 1815, British and Americans met in Ghent, Belgium to negotiate a peace treaty

The Impact of the War of The Impact of the War of 181218121.1. A sense of nationalism sweeps America. A sense of nationalism sweeps America.

Nationalism is a belief and sense of Nationalism is a belief and sense of pride in one’s country based on it’s pride in one’s country based on it’s achievements.achievements.

2.2. The nation will embark on foreign trade The nation will embark on foreign trade and begin to build a transportation and begin to build a transportation system in the United States.system in the United States.

3.3. Native American resistance will be Native American resistance will be removed from the Ohio River Valley removed from the Ohio River Valley permanently opening the Midwest for permanently opening the Midwest for expansion.expansion.

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