VMware vSphere5.1 Training

VMware vSphere 5.1

零壹科技零壹科技零壹科技零壹科技 Josh.wang

© 2010 VMware Inc. All rights reserved

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter

04. vSphere Client / Web Client

09. High Availability

10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM

12 vCenter Management

Welcome

01. Virtualization

S-2

Copyright © 2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. VMware products are covered by one or more patents listed at http://www.vmware.com/go/patents.

05. Virtual Machine Management 13. Others


06. Networking

07. vStorage

08. vMotion / Storage vMotion


Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

S-3


05. Virtual Machine Management


06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others

伺服器虛擬化的基礎概念伺服器虛擬化的基礎概念伺服器虛擬化的基礎概念伺服器虛擬化的基礎概念

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虛擬化前虛擬化前虛擬化前虛擬化前::::

� 每台主機一個操作系統每台主機一個操作系統每台主機一個操作系統每台主機一個操作系統

� 軟體硬體緊密地結合軟體硬體緊密地結合軟體硬體緊密地結合軟體硬體緊密地結合

� 在同一主機上運行多個應用程式通常會在同一主機上運行多個應用程式通常會在同一主機上運行多個應用程式通常會在同一主機上運行多個應用程式通常會遭遇衝突遭遇衝突遭遇衝突遭遇衝突

� 未充分利用系統的資源未充分利用系統的資源未充分利用系統的資源未充分利用系統的資源

� 硬體成本高昂而且不夠靈活硬體成本高昂而且不夠靈活硬體成本高昂而且不夠靈活硬體成本高昂而且不夠靈活

虛擬化後虛擬化後虛擬化後虛擬化後::::

� 打破了操作系統跟硬體間的相互依存性打破了操作系統跟硬體間的相互依存性打破了操作系統跟硬體間的相互依存性打破了操作系統跟硬體間的相互依存性((((Breaking Hardware/OS dependencyBreaking Hardware/OS dependencyBreaking Hardware/OS dependencyBreaking Hardware/OS dependency))))

� 透過壓縮到虛擬機的技術透過壓縮到虛擬機的技術透過壓縮到虛擬機的技術透過壓縮到虛擬機的技術, , , , 管理操作系管理操作系管理操作系管理操作系統和應用程式化成單一的個體統和應用程式化成單一的個體統和應用程式化成單一的個體統和應用程式化成單一的個體

((((EncapsulationEncapsulationEncapsulationEncapsulation))))

� 強大的故障和安全隔離強大的故障和安全隔離強大的故障和安全隔離強大的故障和安全隔離 ((((IsolationIsolationIsolationIsolation))))

� 虛擬機是硬體獨立的虛擬機是硬體獨立的虛擬機是硬體獨立的虛擬機是硬體獨立的, , , , 它們能在任何硬它們能在任何硬它們能在任何硬它們能在任何硬體上運行體上運行體上運行體上運行 ((((Hardware independentHardware independentHardware independentHardware independent))))

vSphere Components

• vSphere is a distributed software system with features enabled by a management server and hypervisor working together

• VMware vCenter Server is the management server and cluster coordinator (1 instance required) VMware ESX / ESXi VMware ESX / ESXi VMware ESX / ESXi

S-5


5

• VMware ESXi is the hypervisor software running on each host (1 instance per server required)

vSphere editions are the licensed features enabled by vCenter Server working with ESXi

雲端作業系統的技術障礙已經慢慢被克服雲端作業系統的技術障礙已經慢慢被克服雲端作業系統的技術障礙已經慢慢被克服雲端作業系統的技術障礙已經慢慢被克服

Application’s Performance Requirements

% o

f App

licat

ions

95% of Apps Require

Network

Memory

CPU

<2.4 Mb/s

< 4 GB at peak

1 to 2 CPUs

VMware vSphere 4

30 Gb/s

256 GB per VM

8 VCPUs

VMware Inf.

9 Gb/s

16/64 GB per VM

4 VCPUs

VMwarevSphere 5.1

>40Gb/s

1,000 GB per VM

64VCPUs

ESX 2

.9 Gb/s

3.6 GB per VM

2 VCPUs

ESX 1

<.5Gb/s

2 GB per VM

1 VCPUs

3.0/3.5

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% o

f App

licat

ions

IOPS

Network

< 10,000

<2.4 Mb/s

300,000

30 Gb/s

100,000

9 Gb/s

1,000,000/VM

>40Gb/s

7,000

.9 Gb/s

<5,000

<.5Gb/s

vSphere 5.1 的最新內容的最新內容的最新內容的最新內容

自動化自動化自動化自動化安全性安全性安全性安全性

• vShield Endpoint• Storage DRS 和設定和設定和設定和設定檔導向儲存使用檔導向儲存使用檔導向儲存使用檔導向儲存使用 VCD

• 增強的增強的增強的增強的 Auto Deploy

• Data Protection

• vSphere Replication

• vMotion 不含共用儲不含共用儲不含共用儲不含共用儲存裝置存裝置存裝置存裝置

• VMware Tools 的零停機時間升級

可用性可用性可用性可用性

• 單一登入單一登入單一登入單一登入 (vCD、、、、vShield、、、、vCenter)

• vSphere Web ClientvCenter Server 5.1

• 增強的增強的增強的增強的 vCenter Orchestrator

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VMware vSphere 5.1

網路網路網路網路儲存裝置儲存裝置儲存裝置儲存裝置

• 增強的分散式交換器增強的分散式交換器增強的分散式交換器增強的分散式交換器

• SR-IOV 支援• VDI 的儲存裝置空間資源取回

• 硬體第 9 版

• 64 向向向向 SMP

1 TB 虛擬機

運算運算運算運算

vSphere 5.1 Kits and Editions

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vSphere 5.1 版本系列版本系列版本系列版本系列：：：：Enterprise

Standard Enterprise Enterprise+

使用權限使用權限使用權限使用權限

• vRAM 使用權限無限制無限制無限制

• vCPU/虛擬機 8 向 32 向 64 向

功能功能功能功能

• High Availability

• Data Protection

• vMotion

• Hot Add

• vShield Zones

• Fault Tolerance (1 vCPU)

vSphere 5.1 的新功能或改進功能

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• Storage vMotion

• 虛擬序列連接埠集中器

• 陣列整合的儲存 API、多重路徑

• Distributed Resource Scheduler 和 Distributed Power Management

• 分散式交換器

• I/O 控制 (網路與儲存裝置)

• 主機設定檔與自動部署

• Storage DRS 和設定檔導向儲存

• SR-IOV

• vShield Endpoint


所有版本包括：Thin Provisioning、Update Manager、Storage API for Data Protection、Image Profile，以及 SLES (Ess 和 Ess + 除外)

vSphere 5.1 版本系列版本系列版本系列版本系列：：：：SMB

Essentials+ Standard Standard ( 搭載搭載搭載搭載Operations Management)

使用權限使用權限使用權限使用權限

• vRAM 使用權限無限制無限制無限制無限制

• vCPU/虛擬機 8 向 8 向 8 向8 向


• High Availability

• Data Protection

• vMotion

• vSphere Storage Appliance

• Hot Add

• vShield Zones

vSphere 5.1 的新功能或改進功能 Essentials

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• Fault Tolerance (1 vCPU)

• Storage vMotion

• 虛擬序列連接埠集中器

• 陣列整合的儲存 API、多重路徑

• Distributed Resource Scheduler & DPM

• 分散式交換器

• I/O 控制 (網路與儲存裝置)

• 主機設定檔與自動部署

• Storage DRS 和設定檔導向儲存

• SR-IOV

• vShield Endpoint


• vCOPs Advanced

所有版本包括：Thin Provisioning、Update Manager、Storage API for Data Protection、Image Profile，以及 SLES (Ess 和 Ess + 除外)

• vCenter Protect

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

S-11




06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others

VMware Infrastructure – 業界第一虛擬業界第一虛擬業界第一虛擬業界第一虛擬平台平台平台平台

多個虛擬機之間實现CPU和記憶體分區

虛擬機儲存在內建或共享儲存設備，VMFS叢

集文件系統

ESX

Virtual Machines

VMware

VirtualCenter

Consolidated Back-up

High Availability

Dynamic ResourceScheduling

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在ESX伺服器内或跨ESX伺服器建立網路支

持Teaming, VLANServer Farm

ESXServer

ESXServer

ESXServer

ESXServer

ESXServer

ESXServer

ESXServer

Network

Storage

VMware vSphere Architecture

ESX/ESXi Host

Datastores

“Cluster”

vSphere Client� vCenter Converter plug-in� Update Manager plug-in

vCenter Server

vCenter Linked Mode

vCenter Database

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vCenter Database

vCenter Server

“Datacenter”

� vCenter Orchestrator� vCenter Converter� Guided Consolidation� Update Manager

vSphere Web Client (Browser)*

Update Manager Database

Datastores

vSphereCLI

vSphereManagement

Assistant (vMA)

vSphere PowerCLI

VMware vSphere Components

ESXi Host• Hypervisor running VMs

• Organized into clusters

• Accesses shared storage datastores

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ESXi Host

Datastores

“Cluster”

ESXi Hardware Requirements

Supported server platform. For a list of supported platforms, see the VMware Compatibility Guide at ：

http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility.

■ ESXi 5.0 will install and run only on servers with 64-bit x86 CPUs.

■ ESXi 5.0 requires a host machine with at least two cores.

■ Known 64-bit processors ：

■ All AMD Opteron processors.

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■ All AMD Opteron processors.

■ All Intel Xeon 3000/3200, 3100/3300, 5100/5300, 5200/5400,

5500/5600, 7100/7300, 7200/7400, and 7500 processors

■ 2GB RAM minimum. Provide at least 8GB of RAM to take full advantage of ESXi features and run virtual machines in typical production environments.

■ One or more Gigabit or 10Gb Ethernet controllers.

How to Upgrade vSphere

1. Upgrade to vCenter Server 5

2. Upgrade to Update Manager 5

3. Install vSphere Client 5.and Install Update Manager Plug-In

4. Use Upgrade Manager to Update to ESXi 5.

5. Upgrade VMFS3 Datastore to VMFS5 Datastore

6. Upgrade Virtual Machine Hardware 8

7. Upgrade VMware Tools

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7. Upgrade VMware Tools

ESXi Console

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Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

S-18




06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others


vCenter Server• Centralized manager of ESX/ESXi hosts

• Runs as Windows services on physical or virtual server

• Connects with:

� vCenter database (SQL Server or Oracle)

� Windows Active Directory (required for Linked Mode)

• Integrates with optional server/client plug-ins

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vCenter Database

vCenter Server� vCenter Orchestrator� vCenter Converter� Guided Consolidation� Update Manager

vSphere Components on DVD

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單一登入單一登入單一登入單一登入

� 在 vCenter Server 中單次登入而非多次登入

簡介簡介簡介簡介

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� 更快速的操作

� 較不複雜

� 多重身分服務的支援

� 適合其他 VMware 的未來基本建構元件產品和解決方案

優勢優勢優勢優勢

vSphere平台平台平台平台服務服務服務服務

客戶客戶客戶客戶身分資源身分資源身分資源身分資源

vSphere 解決方案解決方案解決方案解決方案

驗證(單一登入)

vCO監視清單監視清單監視清單監視清單服務服務服務服務

vCenter

ActiveDirectory

授權授權授權授權稽核稽核稽核稽核

vSphere網路用戶端

開放開放開放開放LDAP

NIS本機作業本機作業本機作業本機作業系統使用者系統使用者系統使用者系統使用者

vCenter Server 5.1 – Login Experience

不再需要輸入vCenter

??

Users connect to Identity Service for Cloud Infrastructure Suite, not individual vCenter’s.

Connect from any

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Connect from any site – Identity service instances are multi site aware.

Configuring vCenter Single Sign On Server

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vCenter Server Upgrade to 5.1

� Single Sign On Service• Database needs to be created before SSO install

• SSO needs to be installed before upgrade of existing components ( Advanced Install )

• Upgrade process will install SSO first ( Simple Install )

� Inventory Service• Upgrade will retain settings from previous installed version

• Single Sign On installed Inventory Service

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• Single Sign On should be installed before Inventory Service upgrade.

� vCenter Server• Upgrade will retain settings from previous installed version

• Single Sign On and Inventory Service should be installed before vCenterServer upgrade .

• vCenter Orchestrator will be upgraded along with vCenter Server.

Introducing vCenter Server Appliance

The vCenter Server Appliance is the answer!• Simplifies Deployment and Configuration

• Streamlines patching and upgrades

• Reduces the TCO for vCenter

Enables companies to respond to business faster!

VMware

S-25


VMware vCenter Server

Automation

Scalability

Visibility

vCenter Server Appliance Deployment

Simply deploy from a OVF template!• Install takes ~5 minutes (compared to ~15 for Windows version)

S-26


New Features in the VCVA

� A few new features have been added to the vCenter S erver Virtual Appliance

� These can be seen in the vCenter Server Tab in the Summary section

� The following components can be configured• Database

• SSO

• Ports

S-27


• Ports

• Authentication

• Services

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

S-28




06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others


vSphere Client• Primary interface for administration

• Runs locally on a Windows machine

• Connects to vCenter Server or directly to an ESX/ESXi host

S-29


vSphere Client

VMware vSphere Client Modes

Connect to vCenter Server• Global view

• Centralized Windows user credentials

• vSphere objects and functionality

Connect to Individual ESX/ESXi Host• Per-host view

• ESX/ESXi host-specific user credentials

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VMware vSphere Client Home Menu

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Inventory: Hosts and Clusters

vCenter Server• Folder

• Datacenter� Cluster

- Host

- VM

- vApp

- VM

Cluster

Datacenter

Host

Resource Pool

vCenter Server

Folder

Top Level

Visible from vCenter Inventory only

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- VM

- VM

- Resource pool

- VM

- VM

Resource Pool

vApp

Virtual Machine (VM)

Inventory: VMs and Templates


• Datacenter� Folder

- VM

- vApp

- VM

- VM

Folder

Datacenter

VM

vCenter Server

Folder

Top Level


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- VM

- Template

� VM

Template

vApp

Inventory: Datastores


• Datacenter� Datastore

Datastore

Datacenter

vCenter Server

Folder

Top Level


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Datastore

Inventory: Networking


• Datacenter� Distributed Virtual Switch

- dvSwitch PortGroups

- dvSwitch Uplinks

� vSwitch


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Distributed Virtual Switch

Datacenter

vCenter Server

Folder

Top Level

dvPortGroup

dvSwitch Uplink

vSwitch

網路用戶端網路用戶端網路用戶端網路用戶端

� vSphere的全新改良介面，能提供：� 瀏覽器介面的使用體驗

� 自訂加註標籤

� 延展性

� 增強的工作流程管理

Object Navigator

Inventory Objects

標籤標籤標籤標籤

建立自訂動作建立自訂動作建立自訂動作建立自訂動作


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� 平台獨立性

� 以特定商務案例為基礎的標記

� 管理更多物件以及相較於以往 3 倍以上的作用中工作階段

� 即使在最複雜的工作流程或工作中，也能暫停和恢復


側邊列側邊列側邊列側邊列延伸功能延伸功能延伸功能延伸功能

Portlet

新增按右鍵新增按右鍵新增按右鍵新增按右鍵延伸功能延伸功能延伸功能延伸功能

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

S-37




06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others

Description BenefitsBenefits

• Virtualize large workloads with confidence

• Run high performance 3D graphics apps in VMs / VDI

• Reduce cost per VDI desktop

• Greater storage efficiency• Continue to leverage latest CPU HW acceleration

features to deliver highest performance

• 64 vCPUs per VM

• Virtual GPU (vGPU)

• Guest OS Storage Reclamation

vSphere 5.1 – Virtual Machine Updates

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Reclamation

• Improved CPU virtualization

64 vCPUs 1TB RAM

Reclaim storage space from deleted files

Hardware 3D graphics support

Virtual Machine Creation

� When you create a New Virtual Machine, adding Netwo rk Adapters honour these MAC Address Allocation types• In our example we have used Prefix-based allocation type

� Automatic MAC Address Manual MAC Address

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Virtual Motherboard of a VM

Up to 4IDE Devices

Up to 40 VM Consoles

Up to 21.44MBFloppy Drives

Up to 3 Parallel Ports

Up to 4 Serial PortsUSB

Virtual Phoenix BIOS

Intel 440BX-Based

Virtual Motherboard

Audio(N/A)

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Up to 1024GBMemory

Up to 32 CPUs

VM Consoles

Up to 10 Network Adapters

Up to 4 SCSI ControllersWith Up to 15 Devices Each Up to 2TB SCSI Disk

Key VMware vSphere Features

Hot Add Virtual Devices• Hot add

� CPU

� Memory

• Hot add or remove

� Storage devices

� Network devices

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New Virtual Machine…

Configuration• Typical or custom

Name and Location

Resource Pool

Datastore

Guest Operating System

Create a Disk

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Create a Disk

Ready to Complete

Custom VM Configuration Options

Virtual Machine Version• Version 7 or 8

Devices• CPU (number)

• Memory (MB)

• Network

� Number, virtual network, connect at power on

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• Disk

� SCSI controller

� Select or create a virtual disk

� Advanced disk options

Hard Disk Options

Thick• Pre-allocated disk space

• Physical disk size = virtual disk size

Thin• VM sees full logical disk at all times

• Physical disk size = used disk size

• Physical disk size grows as used

40GB

20GB

40GB

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Edit Settings… of a Virtual Machine

Hardware• Memory

• CPUs

• Video card

• VMCI device

• Floppy drive

• CD/DVD drive

• Network adapter

• SCSI controller

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• SCSI controller

• Hard disk

Options• General

• vApp options

• VMware Tools

• Power management

• Advanced

Resources

Installing a Guest Operating System

Install Guest OS• Media options

� Client device

� Host device

� Datastore ISO/floppy image file

� PXE client network boot

• Power on and install

Install VMware Tools

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Install VMware Tools• Optimized drivers

• Install in running Guest OS

vSphere 5.1 - VMware Tools Updates

Upgrade VMware Tools with reduced downtime� Improved driver management allows for fewer VM reboots when upgrading

� Windows Guest Only (Vista and later) running with default configuration

� Note:

- Upgrading to VMware Tools 5.1 = Reboot required

- Upgrading beyond VMware Tools 5.1 = Reboot not required

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VM Console

Administrative KVM Access• Console has a single unique session

• Multiple sessions share video and control

• Closing/exiting VM console does not power off VM

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Virtual Machine Power Options

Power• Power On

• Power Off

• Suspend

• Reset

Integration with VMware Tools

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• Power Off = Shut Down Guest

VM Snapshot

Point-in-Time VM State Capture• Hard disks (all)

• VM settings

• Memory (optional)

Snapshot Actions• Take

• Revert

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• Go to

• Delete

Clone…

Copy an Existing VM or vApp• Copies exactly by default

• Option to customize Guest OS

• VMs can be powered on

• vApp must be powered off

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Template

Master to Provision New VMs• Used to deploy many new VMs

• VM that cannot be powered on

• Option to customize Guest OS

Creating Templates• VM: clone to template…

• VM: convert to template…

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• Existing template: clone

Updating Templates• Convert to VM…, update, then convert to template…

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

S-53




06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others

Virtual Networking

Standard Virtual Switch (vSwitch)• Defined within host

• Connects to physical adapter(s)

� 0, 1, 2 or more uplinks (up to 32)

� Active or standby

• Virtual machine Port group� Virtual machine Network Physical

AdaptersVirtual

Port Groups

View within single host

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• VMkernel Port

— Management

— VMotion, iSCSI, NFS,FT

• Supports VLAN tagging

vmnic0

vmnic1

Virtual Machine Port Group

VMkernel Port

Virtual Switch

分散式交換器分散式交換器分散式交換器分散式交換器

� 分散式交換器現在提供：

� 網路健康檢查

� 組態備份與還原

� 回復及復原

� LACP 支援


vSphere vSpherevSphere

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� 對實體及虛擬網路狀態的可見性

� 備份與復原網路設定

� 從失去的連線或不正確的組態設定中快速復原

優勢優勢優勢優勢vSphere vSpherevSphere

SR-IOV

� Single Root IO Virtualization (SR-IOV) Support� Standard that allows one PCI express (PCIe) adapter to be presented as

multiple separate logical IO devices.

� Customers who want to offload IO processing to the adapters and reduce network latency can make use of this feature.

� vSphere vMotion, vSphere FT, and vSphere HA features are not available to the customers when this feature is selected.

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內建安全管理設定內建安全管理設定內建安全管理設定內建安全管理設定

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Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

S-58




06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others

虛擬機磁碟只會佔用使用中的

實體空間

虛擬機隨時都能檢視完整的

邏輯磁碟大小

完整報告和警示資源配置和

消耗量

vStorage Thin Provisioning vCompute vStorage vNetwork

ESX

作業系統作業系統作業系統作業系統

應用程式應用程式應用程式應用程式





虛擬磁碟 20GB

20GB

20GB強力強力強力強力精簡精簡精簡精簡精簡精簡精簡精簡

40GB 100GB

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消耗量

大幅提高儲存裝置使用率

不需超額佈建虛擬磁碟

削減高達 50% 的儲存裝置成本資料儲存區

40GB

20GB

60GB

20GB

100GB

不停機擴充虛擬磁碟不停機擴充虛擬磁碟不停機擴充虛擬磁碟不停機擴充虛擬磁碟

線上擴充虛擬磁碟

回應迅速，不停機就能擴充需求

增加增加增加增加 VMFS 磁區大小磁區大小磁區大小磁區大小

在建立 VMFS 磁區的 LUN 上擴充磁區

使用使用使用使用 VMFS 建立有效的儲存抽象層建立有效的儲存抽象層建立有效的儲存抽象層建立有效的儲存抽象層 vCompute vStorage vNetwork

ESX







虛擬磁碟 20GB擴充 10G的虛擬磁碟

加入新的虛擬磁碟

擴充 8G 的虛擬磁碟

20GB

資料儲存區不變

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在建立 VMFS 磁區的 LUN 上擴充磁區

協助增加更多的虛擬機到現有的磁區

協助虛擬機因應資料成長

提高彈性來簡化資源規劃

資料儲存區

100GBLUN

VMFS 磁區增加以擴大資料儲存區

資料儲存區不變

VMFS 磁區增加以擴大資料儲存區

40GB

Virtual Storage

VMFS Datastore• Shared VM file system

• Block-level access by ESX/ESXi

• Supported devices

� Local disk (not shared storage)

� Fibre Channel SAN

� iSCSI SAN

- HBA

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- HBA

- ESX/ESXi software initiator via VMkernel network port

• Formats

� .vmdk

� RDM (raw device mapping) to underlying LUN

Virtual Storage

NFS Datastore• Shared directory on NFS server

• File-level access by ESX/ESXi

• Limitations

� No RDM

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I/O 共用問題共用問題共用問題共用問題

現況現況現況現況

線上儲存區線上儲存區線上儲存區線上儲存區資料探勘資料探勘資料探勘資料探勘

MicrosoftExchange

期望狀況期望狀況期望狀況期望狀況

線上儲存區線上儲存區線上儲存區線上儲存區資料探勘資料探勘資料探勘資料探勘

MicrosoftExchange

• 低優先順序 VM 可能限制高優先順序 VM 的 I/O 頻寬

• 儲存 I/O 分配應與 VM 優先順序相符

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資料儲存區資料儲存區資料儲存區資料儲存區

資料儲存區資料儲存區資料儲存區資料儲存區

啟啟啟啟用儲存用儲存用儲存用儲存 I/O 控制控制控制控制

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儲存儲存儲存儲存 I/O 控制控制控制控制已啟用

儲存儲存儲存儲存 I/O 控制實例：控制實例：控制實例：控制實例：

兩台兩台兩台兩台Windows VM 在兩台主機上執行在兩台主機上執行在兩台主機上執行在兩台主機上執行 SQL Server• 250 GB 資料磁碟、50 GB 記錄磁碟

VM1：：：：500 權重權重權重權重

VM2：：：：2000 權重權重權重權重

結果：權重較多的結果：權重較多的結果：權重較多的結果：權重較多的 VM2 每分鐘處理的程序較多，而且較少延遲！每分鐘處理的程序較多，而且較少延遲！每分鐘處理的程序較多，而且較少延遲！每分鐘處理的程序較多，而且較少延遲！

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無儲存無儲存無儲存無儲存 I/O 控制控制控制控制有儲存有儲存有儲存有儲存 I/O 控制控制控制控制

程序程序程序程序/每分鐘每分鐘每分鐘每分鐘處理時間處理時間處理時間處理時間 (毫秒毫秒毫秒毫秒) 程序程序程序程序/每分鐘每分鐘每分鐘每分鐘處理時間處理時間處理時間處理時間 (毫秒毫秒毫秒毫秒)

VM1(500 權重)

8800 213 7000 275

VM2(2000 權重)

8500 220 12400 150

綜合綜合綜合綜合 17300 19400

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

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06. Networking



07. vStorage

13. Others

VMotion• 可線上不中斷主機服務將虛擬機器從其中一台ESX主機轉移到另一台

• 此技術可應用在其他備援技術� Fault Tolerance

� Storage VMotion

� DRS and DPM

VMotion 動態遷移動態遷移動態遷移動態遷移

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� 不需要共用儲存裝置的虛擬機即時移轉

� 為自動化虛擬機的移動作業擴充 VMware 的革新技術

vMotion ( 不需共用儲存設備不需共用儲存設備不需共用儲存設備不需共用儲存設備)


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� 零停機時間移轉作業

� 對共用儲存無依賴性

� 低作業成本

� 協助達成服務層級及效能 SLA


vMotion

Requirements• Hosts have supported CPUs

� Same vendor and similar instruction sets

� Optional Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) for newer hosts

• Gigabit VMkernel network between hosts

• VM not tied to host

� Not connected to host device

� Not connected to host internal-only vSwitch

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� Not connected to host internal-only vSwitch

� Not using VMware DirectPath for network or storage device

• vSphere 4.1 Improvements

� 4 concurrent vMotion migrations over 1 Gbps network

� 8 concurrent vMotion migrations over 10 Gbps network

透過透過透過透過 Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) 讓不同世代的處理器可以相容讓不同世代的處理器可以相容讓不同世代的處理器可以相容讓不同世代的處理器可以相容

ESX ESX

Intel Core 2

ESX

App

OS

Intel Core

2 VM

Intel EVC Cluster

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Intel Core 2 CPUIntel Core 2 45nm CPU Future Intel CPU

ESX

AMD Rev E CPU

ESX

AMD Barcelona CPU

ESX

Future AMD CPU

App

OS

Opteron

Rev E VM

AMD EVC Cluster

Storage VMotion

• 可線上跨Storage搬移虛擬機器檔案

� 虛擬機器不停機

� LUN independent� 支援Fibre channel SANs

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� 支援Fibre channel SANs

最小化因為storage因素停機的風險

使用Vmotion與Storage VMotion透過

完整的零停機管理解決方案

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

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06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others

High Availability


• 當伺服器故障時，自動重新啟動虛擬機

經濟有效的適用於所有應用的高可用解决方案經濟有效的適用於所有應用的高可用解决方案經濟有效的適用於所有應用的高可用解决方案經濟有效的適用於所有應用的高可用解决方案

X

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機

優勢

• 經濟有效的適用於所有應用的高可用

• 不需要獨占的stand-by 硬體

• 没有叢集軟體的成本和複雜性Resource Pool

X

Every host runs an agent.• Referred to as ‘FDM’ or Fault Domain Manager

• One of the agents within the cluster is chosen to assume the role of the Master

� There is only one Master per cluster during normal operations

• All other agents assume the role of Slaves

There is no more Primary/Secondary

vSphere HA Primary Components

ESX 01 ESX 03

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There is no more Primary/Secondary concept with vSphere HA

ESX 04ESX 02

vCenter

Storage-Level Communications

One of the most exciting new features of vSphere HA is its ability to use a storage subsystem for communication.

The datastores used for this are referred to as ‘Heartbeat Datastores’.

This provides for increased communication redundancy.

Heartbeat datastores are used as a

ESX 01 ESX 03

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Heartbeat datastores are used as a communication channel only when the management network is lost - such as in the case of isolation or network partitioning.

ESX 04ESX 02

UI Changes

Cluster Summary Screen

• Advanced Runtime Info

• Cluster Status

• Configuration Issues

Cluster – Hosts tab

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VM Summary: HA Protection

Cluster Configuration: Datastore Heartbeating

Admission Control: Failover Host(s)

UI Changes

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UI Changes



• Cluster Status



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UI Changes



• Cluster Status



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Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

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06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others

Fault Tolerance (FT)• 主機故障時零停機保護

• 被保護的 VM 會在別台主機產生一台shadow VM 隨時和主要VM保持資料SYNC

• Failover後會在自動複製一台shadow VM

• FT需求限制


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• FT需求限制

� Hosts enabled for Hardware Virtualization in BIOS

� Hosts must be in HA cluster

� Dedicated gigabit VMkernel

network for FTVMware vSphere

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

Fault Tolerance

Limitations• No VM snapshot

• No thin provisioned disk or RDM in physical compatibility mode

• No connected host devices or VM DirectPath I/O devices

• VM cannot be migrated using Storage vMotion

• No hot add device support

• No Nested Page Tables/Extended Page Tables (NPT/EPT)

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• No NPIV

• VM cannot be clustered using MSCS

• No paravirtualized guest OS

Enable Fault Tolerance

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Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

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06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others


DRS• Automated load balancing

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DPM• Optionally consolidate VMs

onto fewer hosts and power off/on hosts as needed

DRS Clusters

Load Balancing of VMs• Intelligence

� Initial placement when powering on VM

� Which VMs to migrate and to where

• Automation levels

� Fully automated – VM placement and migration

- Migration thresholds – conservative to aggressive

� Partially automated – VM placement only, migration recommendation

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� Partially automated – VM placement only, migration recommendation

� Manual – recommendations only

• Rules

� Affinity and anti-affinity (keep VMs together or apart if same host)

� Host Affinity Rules – VMs can be restricted to specific hosts within a cluster

� VM-VM anti-affinity rules can now incorporate more than two VMs

DRS Roules

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必要規則

偏好規則

DRS 主機關聯主機關聯主機關聯主機關聯

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規則執行：2 個選項

• 必要：DRS/HA 永遠不會違反此規則，如果手動違反將導致事件。僅建議執行

ISA 應用程式的主機式授權。

• 偏好規則：DRS/HA 可能會因容錯轉移或維護可用性，而違反此規則。

DRS Clusters

DPM• Power savings

� Consolidate VMs onto fewer hosts

� Power off unnecessary hosts

� Power on hosts using Wake-on-LAN, IPMI, or iLO as needed

• Automation levels

� Automatic – hosts powered off and on as needed


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� Off

• Thresholds – conservative to aggressive

� Can be enabled or disabled by a scheduled task

� Disabling DPM brings all hosts in the cluster out of Standby mode

DPM 增強功能增強功能增強功能增強功能

排程分散式電源管理排程分散式電源管理排程分散式電源管理排程分散式電源管理

• 可以設定工作排程開啟/關閉 DPM

• 如果欲知會有高度資源需求，可在營業時間前關閉 DPM

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停用停用停用停用 DPM 能使主機能使主機能使主機能使主機脫脫脫脫離待機狀態離待機狀態離待機狀態離待機狀態

• 降低停用 DPM 時，ESX 主機困在待機模式中的風險。這樣即使停用了 DPM，也能確保所有主機都已開機並可應付負載增加

Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

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06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others

Permissions 可整合可整合可整合可整合 LDAP 帳號權限管理帳號權限管理帳號權限管理帳號權限管理


• Datacenter� Cluster

- Host

- VM

- vApp

- VM

Cluster

Datacenter

Host

Resource Pool

vCenter Server

Folder

Top Level

Visible from vCenter Server Inventory only

VC5-01

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- VM

- VM

- Resource pool

- VM

- VM

Resource Pool

vApp

Virtual Machine (VM)

Scheduled Tasks

vCenter Activities• Change power state of VM

• Clone a VM

• Deploy a VM

• Migrate a VM

• Create a VM

• Initiate a VM snapshot

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• Add host

• Change power state of host

• Change resource settings of resource pool or VM

• Check compliance of a Host Profile

Requires vCenter Server

Run once in futureor recurring

RetailReservation: 3000 MHz

Expandable Reservation: Yes

Root Resource Pool

Total CPU: 10200 MHzTotal Memory: 3000 MB

**200 MHz used by Retail**

**Full Reservation Used**

vCenter 資源分配資源分配資源分配資源分配

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eCommerce App eCommerce Web

Reservation: 1000 MHz

Expandable?Yes

Reservation: 1200 MHz

Expandable?Yes

VM3R=500

VM4R=500

VM5R=500

VM1R=400

VM2R=300

VM6R=500

VM7R=500

vApp

Logical Group of VMs• Manage multiple VMs as a single entity

• Specify power-on order of VMs

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Monitoring

Alarms• Triggers

� Condition/state (VM, host, datastore)

- Is equal to / is not equal to

- Is above / is below

� Event (vCenter objects)

• Trigger thresholds

� Normal – green

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� Normal – green

� Warning – yellow

� Alert – red


Monitoring

Alarm Actions• Send a notification email via SMTP or SNMP notification trap

• Run a command/script (on vCenter Server)

• Enter/exit maintenance/standby mode for host

• Power on/off/reset, suspend/resume, reboot/shutdown guest, or migrate VM

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vCenter 管理功能管理功能管理功能管理功能

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Monitoring

Performance Charts• CPU, disk, memory, network, system

• Real-time, past day, week, month, year, custom

• By VM, host, cluster, management agent

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Monitoring

Tasks & Events (History)• User initiated

• System: info, warning, error

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Maps

Inventory Maps• Hosts

• VMs

• Networks

• Datastores

• Fault Tolerance relationships

VMotion Resource Maps

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• Per VM


Agenda

vSphere 5.1

02. ESXi

03. vCenter



10. Fault Tolerance

11. DRS / DPM


Welcome

01. Virtualization

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06. Networking

07. vStorage



13. Others

� vSphere 平台的新備份與復原工具

� 取代 vSphere Data Recovery

� 以 EMC Avamar 為基礎

vSphere Data Protection

VMware vSphere

VDP


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� 藉由重複資料刪除技術使用較少的磁碟空間

� 簡單的設定及管理

� 經過驗證的技術


刪除重複資料刪除重複資料刪除重複資料刪除重複資料並儲存在並儲存在並儲存在並儲存在 VDP 上上上上應用裝置應用裝置應用裝置應用裝置

*所有版本和套件，但 Essentials 版本除外

Create Backup Job

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Select objects -containers (data

center, folder, clusters, etc.) and

individual VMs

Restoring a VM

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File Level Restore (FLR)

End user file restores• Use web browser

• Log in with local credentials

� Admin permissions required

• Select restore point

• Browse files

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Individual files and entire folders can

be selected for restore

VDP Reporting - User Interface

VDP appliance capacity

List of VMs, Backup

Success and failures at a glance

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List of VMs, Backup Jobs, etc. with the

ability to filter

Details for object

VDP Reporting - Email

VDP appliance capacity

De-dup info

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Backup Jobs Summary

Scroll down for details...

� vSphere 主機的虛擬機等級複寫

� 包括在 vSphere 內*

vSphere Replication


vSphere

vSphere Replication

A 站點站點站點站點 (主要主要主要主要)

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� 低成本/有效的複寫選項

� 在 vCenter Server 進行簡便設定

� 與 SRM 整合可提供自動化的災難復原流程



vSphere

B 站點站點站點站點 (復原復原復原復原)

Recovering a VM with a few clicks

Navigate to VR in NGC, find the VM

in the incoming replications tab

Navigate to VR in NGC, find the VM

in the incoming replications tab

Right-click and recover. Select

target for the recovered VM

Right-click and recover. Select

target for the recovered VM

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recovered VMrecovered VM

This is a one-way action!

This is a one-way action!

Just a few clicks to recover a VM!

� 能在不需使用代理程式的情況下，使用卸載的防毒和惡意程式清理防毒和惡意程式清理防毒和惡意程式清理防毒和惡意程式清理 (AV) 解決方案保護您虛擬機的安全

� 包括在 vSphere內*

vShield Endpoint


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� 簡化 AV 管理

� 防範防毒風暴的可能性，以達成更高的整合率

� 提高效能



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