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VII. Science and Technology. Science and Technology are important parts of culture. Science – the...
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VII. Science and Technology
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•Science and Technology are important parts of culture.
• Science – the active process of acquiring knowledge of the natural world.
• Technology is the way in which people use tools and machines.
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A. Technology and Progress
•Early humans made gradual advances in technology.
• About 3 million years ago, people first learned how to make tools and weapons out of stone
• later on, they discovered how to control fire
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•Technological advances changed cultures
• early humans were hunters and gatherers who traveled from place to place to find food.
• Later, people discovered how to grow crops.
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•They also tamed wild animals for farming and also used them for food
• Overtime, people began to rely on agricultural and domesticated animals for the majority of their food.
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•Agriculture provided a steady and reliable food source
• This allowed people to settle in one area permanently.
• These settlements eventually turned into cities
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•As cities developed, people began to create government to watch over the people
• People also developed systems of writing that helped people write laws
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•All of these advances led to the development of the first civilizations about 5,000 years ago
• Civilization – a society with a complex culture
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•As civilization became more advanced, they developed new technology to make their lives easier
• For example, many cultures created irrigation canals to provide their crops with much need water
• irrigation – supply of water to crops
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•Cultures that lacked these new technologies developed much more slowly
• Eventually, advanced technology would spread throughout the entire world.
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B. Modern Technology
•Beginning around 1800, people developed new technologies that used power-driven machinery
• This was called the Industrial Revolution
• It led to the growth of cities, science, and many new businesses
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•Eventually people developed technologies such as automobiles, airplanes, computers, and space travel
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•All of these advances in technology have led to a rise in people’s standard of living
• Standard of Living – the level of comfort enjoyed by a person or a society.
• Modern technology also helps to connect people, products and ideas.