Lektion 2:Alfabet og udtale

1. Alfabetet

A a B b C c D d E e

F f G g H h I i J j

K k L l M m N n O o

P p Q q R r S s T t

U u V v W w X x Y y

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En avis En bil En cykel En dreng En elefant

En fod Et glas En hånd En is En jakke

En kop En lampe En mus En nøgle Olie

En pige En solRegn En tallerken

Et ur Vand En Ymer

Z z Ææ Ø ø Å å

Dialog:

Hvad hedder ”car” på dansk? Det hedder ”bil”.Vil du gentage det? ”Bil”Hvordan staver du det? B-I-LVil du skrive det på tavlen? Ja, selvfølgelig.Tak. Det var så lidt.

2. UdtaleLidt info på engelsk There are 9 basic vowels in Danish. Each of them can be either short or long, and it can be pronounced with or without “stød”. A stød is a kind of cough pronounced at the same time as the vowel (let’s review this one later!)The basic vowels (vokaler) are: A, E, I, O, U, Y, Æ, Ø, Å.

VokalerAa

[a]: like in the English cat. This is the most common way to pronounce the vowel, so use it whenever you’re in doubt.

[ah]: dark a, like in the English Father. It is pronounced like this, when it’s next to an R or in front of an F, P, K or M.

Example: Danmark

Exception: Double A (Aa) is pronounced like the letter ÅExample: Aarhus

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En En zebra Et æble En ål

Ee [e]: (Like the English in) When it’s followed by one consonantExample: En (One)

[æ]: (Like the English bet) When it’s followed by two consonantsExample: frikadelle (A meatball)

[æh]: (Like the English the) When it’s the last letter in a wordExample: Spise (To eat)

[ah]: (Like the English ah) When it appears before r in the end of a wordExamples: Taler (Present form of “to speak”)

[ai]: When it appears before a GExceptions: Jeg, leg (I, play)

Ii [i] = Like in English needExample: Vin (Wine)

[e] = Like in English in. If the “i” is followed by two consonants. Example: Lidt (A little)

Oo [o] = Not like any English sound. But like French, German and Spanish “o”.Example: To (Two)

[åh] = When it is followed by two consonants.Example: Kommer (to come from or to arrive)

Uu [u] = Like in cool or pool German U – French OUExample: Du (You)

[åh] = When it’s followed by 2 consonants.Example: Lukke (To close)

Yy [y] This sound does not exist in English. Like the French U in lune or the German Ü. Example: Lys (light)

How to say it: Keep a steady “ee” sound, and then round your lips without changing the position of your teeth or tounge.

[ø] When followed by two consonants3

Example: Lykke (happiness)

Ææ [æ] = sounds like the e of English bestExample: Æble (apple)

Øø Does not exist in English. French Eu or Geman Ö.Example: Øl (beer)

How to say it: Make a steady “eh” sound (like in the English word “well”), then round your lips without changing the position of your teeth or tongue.

Åå [å] = Like English ohExample: Låne (To borrow)

[åh] = Like English awesomeWhen it is followed by two consonantsExample: Hånd (hand)

Vokaltrappen (The vowel staircase)

Opgave: Lyt til ordene og skriv den rigtige vokal

K___be S___ge M___de H___be T___nde B___t___le S___ F___

S___l V___n Sk___ F___d

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KonsonanterSome of the consonants are pronounced like in English. This goes for B, C, K, L, M, N, P, Q, T, W, X and Z. Note however, that you will seldom find C, Q, W, X or Z in Danish words - only the ones which have been imported from other languages. So don’t worry too much about how to pronounce these Below are a few rules for some of the consonants that are a little different:

Konsonanter med særlige reglerD D + vowel = hard d.

Example: “du” (you) and “Danmark” (Denmark)

Vowel + d = soft d – same sound as ”the” in English . Example: ”ud” (out), ”hedder” (is called) and ”bad”(shower).

N, l and r + d = silent d. Example: “mand” (man), ”kold” (cold), ”gård” (farm).

D + t = silent d. Example: ”godt” (good).F A + f = [w] sound for the F

Example: Aftale (appointment)

G G in the beginning of a word = Hard GExample: “Gammel” (old), “godt” (good).

A, e, i, æ and ø + g = [j]Example: Kage (cake), læge (doctor) and løg (onion).

O, u and å + g = [w]-sound. Example: Koge (to boil) and låge (a gate).

N + g = a nasal sound, where only half the g is pronounced. Example: ”Dreng” (boy), ”lang” (long) and ”engelsk” (English)

H H + consonant = Stumt H (silent H)

R R + vowel = sounds like the beginning of a growl.. Pronounced in the throat, like a German or French r.

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Example: Fra (from).

Vowel + r = vowel sound that prolongs the vowel. Almost like an “ah”-sound, Example: Danmark.

NB: If a word ends in –er, the -er is pronounced “ah”.

J J is a “half”-vowel, and is pronounced as an English [y]-sound when it’s the first letter. Example: ”Jeg” (I).

In imported French words it is pronounced as [sj], fx jaloux (jealous).

In imported English words it is pronounced [dj] fx jazz, job and juice.

V V + vowel = hard vExample: Værelse (room)

Vowel + v = [u/w] soundExample: Liv (life) or Sove [to sleep)

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Opgave: Hvordan staver du det? Lyt til ordene og skriv dem på linierne

1

(a pen)

2

(a computer)

3

_________________________________________(an eraser)

4

_________________________________________(a folder)

5

_________________________________________(a paper)

6

_________________________________________(notes)

7

7

_________________________________________(a lecture)

8

_________________________________________(a lesson)

9

_________________________________________(a Friday bar)

10

_________________________________________(a calendar)

11

_________________________________________(a teacher)

12

_________________________________________(group work)

13

_________________________________________(a cake)

8

14

_________________________________________(a cup)

15

_________________________________________(coffee)

Verber

16

(to write)

17

___________________________________________(to listen)

18___________________________________________

(to read)

19___________________________________________

(to talk)

20

___________________________________________(to drink)

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