Vegetation distribution of China and its responses to climate change Ensheng Weng.
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Vegetation distribution of China and its responses to climate change Ensheng Weng
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Transcript of Vegetation distribution of China and its responses to climate change Ensheng Weng.
Vegetation distribution of China and its responses to climate change
Ensheng Weng
Geographic features of China
Summer circulation
Tibetan Plateau plays a critical role
South-west monsoon
South-east monsoon
Westerly jet
Winter circulation
Tibetan Plateau plays a critical role
Westerly jet
Tibetan cold high
Siberia-Mongoliancold high
Climate of China
Climate of China
T (Jan.) T (Jul.)
Climate-Vegetation Relationships
• Climate determines vegetation distribution
• Precipitation and temperature are two key factors
from Whittaker, 1975
Vegetation of China
Wu, CY, 1980. Vegetation of China
Vegetation of China
Wu, CY, 1980. Vegetation of China
Tropical forest
Sub-Tropical forest
Temperate forest
Mixed forest
Taiga -
+
Vegetation of China
Wu, CY, 1980. Vegetation of China
Forest
Meadow
ste
ppe
Typ
ical
steppe
Desert
steppe
Desert
+-
Vegetation of China
Wu, CY, 1980. Vegetation of China
Conifer forests
Alpine meadows
Alpine steppes
Alpine deserts
Vegetation of China
Wu, CY, 1980. Vegetation of China
Conifer forests
Alpine meadows
Alpine steppes
Alpine deserts
Forest
Meadow
ste
ppe
Typ
ical
steppe
Desert
steppe
Desert
+-
Tropical forest
Sub-Tropical forest
Temperate forest
Mixed forest
Taiga -
+
How it response to climate change
Changes of Temperature in past 50 years
Northern area Central China
Changes of Precipitation in past 50 years
Scenarios at the end of 21st century
CO2 SRES-A2
CO2 SRES-B2
BIOME model
• Defined 14 plant functional types (PFTs);
• Assigned a climatic envelope for every PFT;
• porsposed a rule to regulate the co-exist of PFTs;
• Biomes (vegetation types) are the combinations of PFTs.
BIOME model
BIOME model
Calibration
Simulated map from original parameters
• the boundary between forests and steppes
• forests shift southwards
Calibration
Priestley-Taylor coefficient
Calibration
Temperature of January
Calibration
The same PFTs occur in the colder and dryer areas
The results from new parameters
Kappa=0.67
Response of vegetation distribution to climate change
CO2 SRES-A2 CO2 SRES-B2
Vulnerable areas
• Northern China• Southwestern China• Tibetan Plateau
Effects on Human beingDesertification Deforestation
Thank you!
