UPP in Rio de Janeiro: game changer? - Wilson Center Presentation... · UPP in Rio de Janeiro: game...

Citizen Security: Progress and Challenges

UPP in Rio de Janeiro: game changer?

.

Mauricio Moura

Wilson Center – Brazil Institute

March, 2014

Some facts... Source: Center for Security and Citizenship

Brazil is one the most violent countries in the world;

1.2 million people killed during the last 30 years;

27.1 homicides per 100,000 residents. 7th worst most violent nation;

Brasilia, Belo Horizonte, Macapa, Curitiba, Goiania, Recife, Cuiaba,

Sao Luis, Vitoria, Fortaleza, Manaus, Joao Pessoa and Maceio are among the top 50 most violent cities in the world (by homicide rate criteria).

City of Rio de Janeiro is still a dangerous place... Source: Rio’s State Government

1,209 homicides in 2012

24 homicides per 100,000 residents in 2012

Rio de Janeiro is the home of three very dangerous/known criminal/drug-dealers organizations in the country

However....UPP’s have been improving the statistics (State and City of Rio de Janeiro)

Source: Blog: http://oagenteprincipal.wordpress.com/2014/03/17/mais-upps-e-menos-mortes/ <accessed on 18/03/2014 >

Beginning of the pacification

http://oagenteprincipal.wordpress.com/2014/03/17/mais-upps-e-menos-mortes/

Homicide rates in the city of Rio de Janeiro and resident population in pacified communities

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Num

ber o

f mun

icip

ality

dea

ths p

er 1

00 th

ousa

nd

inha

bita

nts

Fatality rate Affected population

Source: Blog: http://oagenteprincipal.wordpress.com/2014/03/17/mais-upps-e-menos-mortes/ <accessed on 18/03/2014 >

http://oagenteprincipal.wordpress.com/2014/03/17/mais-upps-e-menos-mortes/

We asked the people about the UPP’s....

Communities: (Adeus/ Baiana; Alemão; Andaraí; Babilônia/Chapéu

Mangueira; Batan; Borel; Chatuba; Cidade de Deus;

Coroa/Fallet/Fogueteiro; Escondidinho/Prazeres; Fazendinha; Formiga;

Jacarezinho; Macacos; Mangueira/Tuiuti; Manguinhos; Nova Brasília; Parque

Proletário; Pavão-Pavãozinho/Cantagalo; Providência; Rocinha; Salgueiro;

Santa Marta; São Carlos; São João/Matriz/Quieto; Tabajaras/Cabritos;

Turano; Vidigal e Vila Cruzeiro.)

Dates (two waves):– September 2011 and January 2013

Number of interviews- 3,816 in 2011 and 5.200 in 2013 (3,285 in the

communities and 1,915 in the surround areas)

Source: UPP diagnostic survey conducted by Ideia Inteligência, Endeavor and Secretary of Labor and Employment - Government of Rio. October 2011. All Rights Reserved. Source: Prefeitura Municipal e Secretaria de Segurança do Rio de Janeiro / Instituto Pereira Passos / Site UPPRJ

Morro São Carlos

241 may/2011 17,000

Morro do Batam

106 feb/2009 45,000

Morro do Borel

214 jul/2010 13,000

Morro Babilônia / Chapéu Mangueira

96 jun/2009 10,000

Cidade de Deus

344 feb/2009 45,000

Morro Coroa/Fallet

206 feb/2011 13,000

Rio de Janeiro UPP locations

Morro da Formiga

102 jul/2010 5,000

Morro do Macaco

215 nov/2010 27,000

Morro do Andaraí

214 jul/2010 13,000

Morro Cantagalo / Pavão-Pavãozinho

176 dec/2009 13,000

Morro dos Prazeres

206 feb/2011 13,000

Morro do Salgueiro

138 sep/2010 5,000

Morro Santa Marta

112 dec/2008 10,000

Morro Tabajaras / Cabritos

131 jan/2010 7,000

Morro da Providência

179 feb/2011 7,000

Morro São João

200 jan/2011 6,000

Morro Turano

176 sep/2009 18,000

number of police officers number of residents date


Fé/Sereno

170 Jun/2012 35.740


Fazendinha

314 Abr/2012 12.399

Nova Brasília

340 Abr/2012 28.661

Adeus/Baiana

245 Maio/2012 4.354

Alemão

320 Maio/2012 15.094

Chatuba

230 Jun/2012 10.205

Rocinha

310 Set/2012 17.085

Vila Cruzeiro

300 Ago/2012 17.170

Parque Proletário

220 Ago/2012 18.661

Vidigal

246 Jan/2012 10.372

Source: Prefeitura Municipal e Secretaria de Segurança do Rio de Janeiro / Instituto Pereira Passos / Site UPPRJ


Fé/Sereno

170 Jun/2012 35.740


Fazendinha

314 Abr/2012 12.399

Nova Brasília

340 Abr/2012 28.661

Adeus/Baiana

245 Maio/2012 4.354

Alemão

320 Maio/2012 15.094

Chatuba

230 Jun/2012 10.205

Rocinha

310 Set/2012 17.085

Vila Cruzeiro

300 Ago/2012 17.170

Parque Proletário

220 Ago/2012 18.661

Vidigal

246 Jan/2012 10.372

Source: Prefeitura Municipal e Secretaria de Segurança do Rio de Janeiro / Instituto Pereira Passos / Site UPPRJ

Manguinhos

588 Jan/2013 22.937

Jacarezinho

543 Jan/2013 30.037

How do you feel about security/safety after the UPP installation

Community (%) Jan/2013 vs Sept/2011

7.2

33.6

57

2.1

WorseNeither better or worseBetterDon't Know

4.7

24.4

66.8

4.1

January 2013 September 2011

Public security/safety in community after the UPP installation


83

65.3

83.5

52.6

89.6 81

69.2 60

80.3

62.3 53 47.8

80

53.9 61.5

50

11.5

24

10

46.1

8 14.9

21.2 30.7

16.1

28.3 34 43.5

14.5

44.7 30

37.5

4 8.7 3.5

1.3 0.8 4.1 5.6 9.3 2

4.7 5.5

8.7 3.5 4.5 6.3

1.5 2 3 1.6 4 1.7 4.7 7.5 2 1.3 4 6.3

sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13

Andaraí Babilônia/ ChapéuMangueira

Batan Borel Cidade de Deus Coroa/ Fallet/Fogueteiro

Escondidinho/Prazeres

Formiga

Don't Know Worse Neither better nor worse Better

Source: Question . P5. In your opinion, the public security in your community/neighborhood, after the UPP (Pacifying Police Unit) Base : RESIDENTS Communities: January/13 = 3.285; September/11 = 3816 interviews.

Public security/safety in community after the UPP installation


Source: Question . P5. In your opinion, the public security in your community/neighborhood, after the UPP (Pacifying Police Unit) Base : RESIDENTS Communities: January/13 = 3.285; September/11 = 3816 interviews.

64.5 55.6 61 61.3 59.7 60 56 60

78.4 80

33.3 41.1 43.5

58 67.2 72 70.5

54

25.5

28.5 28 25.3 27.4 32

31.6

40 16 16

44.3

53.3 51 26.1

25.9 24 23

40

6.4 15.3 5.5 8 6 7.3

6.4 2 0.7

12.5

3.3 3.5 12.6

3 4 4.5 5.3 3.6 0.7 5.5 5.3 7

0.7 6 3.6 3.3 9.8

2.2 2 3.4 4 2 0.7

sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13

Macacos Pavão-Pavãozinho/

Cantagalo

Providência Salgueiro Santa Marta São Carlos São João/ Matriz/Quieto

Tabajaras/Cabritos

Turano

Don't Know Worse Neither better nor worse Better

Life after UPP’s installation Community and Surrounds (%)

Community - 55,9 35,2 6,6 2,3 Surrounds - 61,0 34,9 1,8 2,3

Better Neither better nor worse Worse Don’t Know

Source: Question . P4. In your opinion, your life in this community, after UPP: Base RESIDENTS: Community = 3.285 interviews and Surrounds = 1.915 interviews.

49.4 64.4

45.2 57.3 57.9

85.1 74.4 66.7 60

69.3 53.3 56 63.2

47.9 47.8 61.5

75 81.1

48.1 31.5

44.4 34.7

42.1

14.9 21.5 29.5

30.7 28

40 37.3 31.1

38.3 39.1

34.6 25 18.9

2.6 5.6 8 2.5 3.1 9.3 6.7 6.7

1.9 5.3 8.7 2.9 4.1 4.8 1.7 0.8

2.7 3.8 8.5 4.3 1

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Com

mun

ity

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Adeus/ Baiana Alemão Andaraí Babilônia/Chapéu

Mangueira

Batan Borel Chatuba Cidade de Deus Coroa/ Fallet/Fogueteiro


Life after UPP’s installation Community and Surrounds (%)



Source: Question . P4. In your opinion, your life in this community, after UPP:

Base RESIDENTS: Community = 3.285 interviews and Surrounds = 1.915 interviews.

48 33.3

76

46.7 50

72.9 55.3 55.6

78.3

24.7 40.7

63.3 50

75 60 53.3

46.7 66.7

22.7

50.7 35

20 36 29.9

15.1

64 31.3

32 41.9

19.7

26.7 34.7

5.3 10

5.7 7.3 13.9 3.8 10 23.3

3.3 6.8 1.3 8 4

1.3 2.7 5 1.4 1.3 0.7 2.8 1.3 4.7 1.3 1.4 3.9 5.3 8

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Com

mun

ity

Com

mun

ity

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Fazendinha Fé/ Sereno Formiga Jacarezinho Macacos MangueiraManguinhosNv Brasília Pq Proletário Pavão

Life after UPP installation Community and Surrounds (%)



Source: Question . P4. In your opinion, your life in this community, after UPP:

Base RESIDENTS: Community = 3.285 interviews and Surrounds = 1.915 interviews.

57.3 52.4 66.1

75.2 70.5 80 73.3

41.1 45 53.8

28.4

61.3 49.3 51.3 57.7

40.3

64.2 51.8

33.3 25.4

33.1 23.8 29.5 16.7 23.3

44.4 46.7 36.1

67.9

36 48 42

41 59.7

29.9 44.6

6 15.1

1 0.7

3.3 1.7 8.4 1.2 1.3 1.3 6 1.3 6 2.4 3.3 7.1 0.8 2.7 3.3

11.1 6.7 1.7 2.5 1.3 1.3 0.7 1.2

Com

mun

ity

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Com

mun

ity

Surr

ound

s

Providência Rocinha Salgueiro Santa Marta São Carlos São João Tabajaras Turano Vidigal Vila Cruzeiro

How about the number of the UPP’s police officers Community (%)

Jan/2013 vs Sept/2011

4.7

21.6

53.4

9 11.4


Source: Question . P6. Do you consider the number of police officers of UPP (Pacifying Police Unit): Base : RESIDENTS Communities: January/13 = 3.285; September/11 = 3816 interviews.

How do you feel about the UPP police officer’s training? Community (%)


8.4

46.4 23.1

6.2 16


Training of the UPP’s police officers Community (%)


6 4 6

26.3

10 4.1 11.2

1.3 4.3 6.6 1 5

46.1

7 6.3

51 40.7

61

63.2

65.2 65.3

37.6 56 46.5 31.1 37.5

32.6

63.5

42.1

41.5 36.3

25

30

14.5

9.2

14 20.7

22

28 31.4

35.8 30

21.7

10

10.5

29.5

26.3

5.5 10

5

1.3

1.2 6.6

11.2

2.7 4.7

6.6 6

10.9

4.5 5

7.5

12.5 15.3 13.5 9.6 3.3

18 12 13

19.8 25.5 34.8

17

1.3

17 23.8

sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13

Andaraí Babilônia/ ChapéuMangueira

Batan Borel Cidade de Deus Coroa/ Fallet/Fogueteiro


Formiga

Don't Know Very poor trained Poor trained Well trained Very well trained

Source: Question . P7. Regarding the preparation of the UPP (Pacifying Police Unit) police you consider:

Base : RESIDENTS Communities: January/13 = 3.285; September/11 = 3816 interviews.

Training of UPP’s police officers Community (%)


6.4 9 11.9 2

8.8

29.5

5.6 12

4.5 4.4

20 22.9

1.3 5.5 11.3

38.2 37.5

44.5 53.3 30.3

38.7 33.2

55.2

55.6 56

37.5

76.7 41

37

51.2

58.7 56 50.7

29.9 54.9 25

36

25.9 26.7 27.2

11.4

17.6

22.7

25.4

17.8

28.5

31.1

11.9 26.7 21

30 10

2.8

3.5

2.7

13.4 8.7

11.6

2.9

4.4

0.7

9.1

3.5

18.5

2.5 4 1.5

5.3 15.5 4.9

18 8

18.4 24 19.2

1

16.8 8.7

23.5

1.1 7 13.4 11.4 9.3

16 2.7

sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13

Macacos Pavão-Pavãozinho/

Cantagalo

Providência Salgueiro Santa Marta São Carlos São João/Matriz/ Quieto

Tabajaras/Cabritos

Turano

Don't Know Very poor trained Poor trained Well trained Very well trained

Source: Question . P7. Regarding the preparation of the UPP (Pacifying Police Unit) police you consider:

Base : RESIDENTS Communities: January/13 = 3.285; September/11 = 3816 interviews.

Corruption and UPP’s police officers Community (%)


23

10.6 10.3 7.7

19.2

7.2 6.7 5.1 2.9

7.2

0.1

42.6

8.1 5.3 4.6

11.8

5 5.7 6 3.7 6.9

0.3

jan/13 set/11

(2 – 9) - some involvement

sept/11

Source: P.8) Now thinking about the UPP involvement in corruption, what score would you give in 1 to 10 with 1 being the lowest score and meaning no involvement and 10 the highest score, meaning full involvement. What score would you give?

Base: RESIDENTS Community: January/13 = 3.285; September/11 = 3816 interviews.

What is bad about the UPP’s ? Community (%)

Source: Question . P9. What is the UPP`s main weakness in your community?

Base: Residents in the community: 3.285 interviews.

Knowledge about other social programs and Government’s initiatives after UPP’s

Community (%)

Source: Question . P13. Do you know other programs or government ‘s initiatives which began after the UPP entry in your community?

Base: Community residents: 3.285 interviews.

Overall opinion of programs and initiatives implemented in community


September 2011 January 2013

Source: Question. P13b. Could you tell me if this program implemented in your community after the entry of the UPP is great, good, regular, bad or very bad? Base: RESIDENTS Communities: Know other programs or government’s initiatives : January/13 = 685; September/11 = 955 interviews.

What do you think about the UPP’s future ? Community and Surrounds (%)

Should be in more communities and

neighborhoods of the city

Should stay just where they are now and not be extended

Should end Don’t Know


Source: Question . P11. Which of these statements comes closest to your opinion about the UPPs:

Base RESIDENTS: Communities = 3.285 interviews and Surrounds = 1.915 interviews.

UPP’s: permanent or temporary ? Community and Surrounds (%)

Source: Question . P10. Do you believe that the UPP is :


What is your opinion about the UPP’s ? Community and Surrounds (%)

Community - 21,9 68,2 9,9 Surrounds - 13,8 82,8 3,4

Source: Question. P12. And these other sentences, which of them is closest to your opinion about the UPPs :


The UPP’s is just marketing, it doesn’t really work

It has some problems but it is the best thing that ever

happened on public security in Rio

Don’t Know

Key points...

Brazil is really a dangerous and violent place. Facts are facts.

City of Rio de Janeiro has improved public security after the UPP’s. Game changer ?

Residents really think UPP’s make life better and safer. For them, it is certainly a game changer.

There is uncertainty about the future of the UPP’s. Short-term or long-term game changer ? To be answered.....

Key points..

Thanks / Obrigado !!!

[email protected] and

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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