UNIVERSITY OF NOVI SAD

TECHNICAL FACULTY ”MIHAJLO PUPIN”

ZRENJANIN, REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

International Conference

International Conference on

Applied Internet and Information Technologies

ICAIIT 2012

P R O C E E D I N G S

Zrenjanin

October 26, 2012

Organizer: University of Novi Sad, Technical Faculty ”Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin,

Republic of Serbia

Publisher:

University of Novi Sad, Technical Faculty ”Mihajlo Pupin”

Djure Djakovica bb, Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia

For publisher:

Milan Pavlović, Ph. D, Full Professor, Dean of the Technical Faculty ”Mihajlo Pupin”

Technical preparation and design:

Brtka Vladimir, Brtka Eleonora, Lacmanović Dejan

Cover design:

Ognjenović Višnja

The Conference is supported by the Provincial Secretariat for Science and Technological Development,

Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia; Regional Chamber of Commerce Zrenjanin; BIZ,

Business Incubator Zrenjanin.

004 (082)

INTERNATIONAL Conference on Applied Internet and

Information Technologies (1 ; 2012 ; Zrenjanin) Proceedings / I International Conference on Applied

Internet and Information Technologies ICAIIT 2012,

Zrenjanin, October 26, 2012 ; [organizer] University of Novi

Sad, Technical faculty „Mihajlo Pupin“, Zrenjanin. –

Zrenjanin : Technical faculty „Mihajlo Pupin“, 2012. - 1

elektronski optički disk (CD – ROM) : tekst, slika ; 12 cm

Bibliografija.

ISBN 978-86-7672-173-3

1: Technical faculty „Mihajlo Pupin“ (Zrenjanin)

a) Информационе технологије – Зборници

COBISS.SR-ID 274717959

CIP – Каталогизација у публикацији

Библиотека Матице Српске, Нови Сад

International Scientific Committee

Mirjana Pejic Bach, University of Zagreb, Croatia

Androklis Mavridis, Aristotеl University of Thessaloniki, Greece

Evgeny Cherkashin, Institute of System Dynamic and Control Theory SB RAS, Russia

Madhusudan Bhatt, R.D. National College, University of Mumbai, India

Zeljko Jungic, ETF, University of Banja Luka, Bosnia and Hercegovina

Saso Tamazic, Univerisity of Ljubljana, Slovenia

Marijana Brtka, Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do

ABC, 09210-170 Santo André, São Paulo (SP), Brazil

Zoran Cosic, Statheros, Split, Croatia

Istvan Matijevics, Institute of Informatics, University of Szeged, Hungary

Slobodan Lubura, ETF, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina

Zlatanovski Mita, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia

Josimovski Saša, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia

Edit Boral, ASA College, New York, NY, USA

Dana Petcu, West University of Timisoara, Romania

Marius Marcu, "Politehnica" University of Timisoara, Romania

Zora Konjović, Faculty of technical sciences, Novi Sad, Serbia

Siniša Nešković, FON, University of Belgrade, Serbia

Nataša Gospić, Faculty of transport and traffic engineering, Belgrade, Serbia

Željen Trpovski, Faculty of technical Sciences, Novi Sad, Serbia

Branimir Đorđević, Megatrend University, Belgrade, Serbia

Slobodan Jovanović, Faculty of Information Technology, Belgrade, Serbia

Zlatko Čović, Subotica Tech / Department of Informatics, Subotica, Serbia

Miodrag Ivković, Technical faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia

Vladimir Brtka, Technical faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia

Biljana Radulović, Technical faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia

Ivana Berković, Technical faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia

Branko Markoski, Technical faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia

Borislav Odadžić, Technical faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia

Dalibor Dobrilović, Technical faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia

Željko Stojanov, Technical faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, Zrenjanin, Serbia

Diana Gligorijevic, Telegroup, Serbia

Organizing Committee

Ph.D Borislav Odadžić, president, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad,

Republic of Serbia

Ph.D dr Miodrag Ivković, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of

Serbia

Ph.D Vladimir Brtka, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of

Serbia

Ph.D Biljana Radulović, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of

Serbia

Ph.D Ivana Berković, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of

Serbia

Ph.D Branko Markoski, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of

Serbia

Ph.D Željko Stojanov, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of

Serbia

Ph.D Dalibor Dobrilović, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of

Serbia

Mr Višnja Ognjenović, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of

Serbia

Mr Eleonora Brtka, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia

Mr Dejan Lacmanović, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of

Serbia

Mr Ljubica Kazi, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia

MSc Zdravko Ivanković, Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, Republic of

Serbia

INTRODUCTION

Information Technologies and Internet as a part of Computer science creates new approaches and perspectives,

new models and numerous services, which opens up and makes use of the world of information and symbolized

knowledge. Advances in Information technology, including the Internet, have dramatically changed the way we

collect and use public, business and personal information.

The 1st International Conference on Applied Internet and Information Technologies is an international

refereed conference dedicated to the advancement of the theory and practical implementation of both knowledge

of Information Technologies and Internet and knowledge of the special area of their application.

The objectives of the International conference on Applied Internet and Information Technologies are

aligned with the goal of regional economic development. The conference focus is to facilitate implementation of

Internet and Information Technologies in all areas of human activities. The conference provides forum for

discussion and exchange of experiences between people from government, state agencies, universities and

research institutions, and practitioners from industry.

The key Conference topic covers a broad range of different related issues from a technical and methodological

point of view, and deals with the analysis, the design and realization of information systems as well as their

adjustment to the respective operating conditions. This includes software, its creation and applications,

organizational structures and hardware, different system security aspects to protocol and application specific

problems. The Conference Topics are:

Information systems

E-commerce

Internet marketing

Computer networks and data communications

ICT Support for decision-making

Embedded systems and robotics

Customer Relationship Management

Data and system security

Software engineering and applications

Reliability and maintenance

Business intelligence

Process assessment and improvement

ICT practice and experience

The Conference Organizing Committee would like to thank for the support and cooperation to the Regional

Chamber of Commerce Zrenjanin, BIZ – Business Incubator Zrenjanin, University of Novi Sad and Provincial

Department of Science and Technological Development.

Special thanks to the authors of papers, reviewers and participants in the Conference who have contributed to its

successful realization.

President of the Organizing Committee

Ph.D Borislav Odadžić

Zrenjanin, October 2012

We are very grateful to

Provincial Department of Science and Technological Development,

Autonomous Province of Vojvodina,

Republic of Serbia

for financial support in preparing the Conference Proceedings and organizing the

Conference.

CONTENTS

Invited Papers ........................................................................................................ 1

Energy-Efficiency Study of Power-Aware Software Applications .............................................. 2 M. Marcu

Managing Critical Infrastructure for Sustainable Development in the Telecommunications

Sector in the Republic of Serbia ............................................................................................... 6 N. Gospić, G. Murić and D. Bogojević

Regular Papers ....................................................................................................... 12

The Elements of Artificial Intelligence in Didactical Software Used for E-learning ................... 13 P. Hotomski

Business Process Model and Elements of Software Design: The Mapping Approach ................ 17 Lj. Kazi, B. Radulovic, D. Radosav, M. Bhatt, N. Grmusa, N. Stiklica

Impact Assessment of Urban GPS Positioning Error On Intelligent Transport Systems

Road Use Charging Service ..................................................................................................... 21 R. Filjar, M. Ševrović and I. Dadić

Inter-banking Communication for Foreign Currency Exchange Rates Based On XML .............. 25 Z. Zivotic, Lj. Kazi, M. Ivkovic, B. Radulovic and B. Markoski

Managing the Risk of Information Systems in SMEʼs from the Aspect of the ISO Standards .... 29 Dj. Medakovic and O. Sedlak

Implementation of Baselog System as an Expert System Shell in IT Education ......................... 34 Z. Kazi, I. Berković, B. Radulović and M. Bajić

Simulating e-Commerce Client-Server Interaction for Capacity Planning .................................. 39 I. Hristoski and P. Mitrevski

The importance of Transition from ERP Systems in EIM Systems Suitable for DSS ................. 45 S. Polić and M. Paić

Internet Management and its Application in Post Office .............................................................. 51 D. Radojković, Z. Sajfert, J. Cvijanović, P. Atanasković, G. Stanojević, S. Stanojĉić

Generalization of Hypercylindrical Function ............................................................................... 57 I. Berkovic and D. Letic

Immunological Algorithms and Implementation .......................................................................... 63 P. Ĉisar, S. Maravić Ĉisar and D. Radosav

Types of Evolving Software Systems: A Short Review and Samples from Practice ................... 67 Z. Stojanov

Overview of the Initialization in Human Motion Capture and Analysis in Sport ........................ 72

Z. Ivankovic, B. Markoski, D. Radosav, D. Lacmanovic and P. Pecev

Model of web environment for the assessment and prevention of drug addiction behavior ........ 76 V. Ilić, A. Mihajlovic, N. Bandić, Đ. Bababić

Tools for Teaching BGP Routing Protocol in Computer Networking Course ............................. 83 M. Kojadinović and D. Dobrilovic

A Metrics Framework for Measuring Changeability of UML Class Diagrams ........................... 88 A. Pajić, S. Babarogić and S. Nešković

The impact of technology, Internet and ecommerce on relationships in the shipping industry ... 93 B. Saulaĉić and M. Dudić

Sales Management on the Internet ................................................................................................ 97 K. Bereš, P. Bereš

An Example Design of the Software Defect Registration Process Improvement ......................... 103 A. Bulajic, R. Stojic, S. Sambasivam

Use of Information Technology in Hydrological Analysis ........................................................... 109 M. Stojkovic, N. Milivojevic and Z. Stojanovic

Text Detection and Extraction from TV Screen ........................................................................... 115 S. Kukolj, I. Kaštelan, N. Vranić, D. Kliĉković and V. Peković

Distance Learning Implementation at Preschool Teacher Training College ................................ 119 D. Saviĉević, M. Cvijetić and B. Dragić

Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Web-Based System for Alumni Data Collection . 122 D. Mijic

Personal Privacy on Network as Legal, Moral and Ethical Issue ................................................. 126 J. Novakovic, A. Veljovic, and N. Cvijovic

The Use of Blogs in the Service of the Internet Marketing .......................................................... 130 M. Lazarević, D. Gašević

International Marketing And Promotion As His Instrument ........................................................ 135 G. Menkinoski, P. Nikoloski, M. Midovska

Importance of the Social Media and their Integration in the Internet Marketing Strategies of

the Companies .......................................................................................................................... 139 T. Petkovska Mirchevska, Z. Janevski and M. Angeloska Dichovska

Mediators in Electronic Insurance and Reinsurance ..................................................................... 143 V. Mirković

Online Teacher Education - Example, Research, Observations ................................................... 147 M. Petrovic, B. Egic

Availability of Business Intelligence Tools on the Macedonian Software Market ...................... 153 D. Zdraveski, M. Janeska, S. Taleska

Our Kids and Cyber Crime ........................................................................................................... 157 N. Kukolj – Prokić, A. Boţović, I. Tasic

Structure and Development of Referee's Board: Client and Server Edition Solutions ................. 161 B. Markoski, P. Pecev, D. Lacmanović , R. Nikolić and N. Osmankaĉ

Reuse of the Test Information in Mutation Testing ...................................................................... 165 D. Lacmanović, Lj. Kazi, Z.Ivanković, P. Pecev and S. Rajkovic

Applied Robotics - Moving Through an Obstacle Course ............................................................ 169 L.Ratgeber, B. Markoski, P. Pecev, S. Rajkovic and D. Lacmanović

Ontology and Taxonomy of Electronic Services in Guarantee Fund ........................................... 173 N. Osmankaĉ, S. Arsovski, S. Rajkovic, B. Petrevski and I. Lacmanović

Information Technology Support to Virtual Teams – Advantages and Disadvantages ................ 178 S. Milovanovic

Classification of Security Computer Systems and Networks and the Necessity of

Upgrading the IS Security Tools .............................................................................................. 183 B. Blagojević, D. Soleša

Smart Home Technologies in the Cloud ....................................................................................... 190 I. Kastelan, M. Bjelica, B. Mrazovac and V. Pekovic

Using Wireless Sensor Networks In Converting Buildings Into Intelligent Buildings ................ 194 V. Obradović, B. Odadţić and A. Obradović

Business Process Orientation and Change for Implementing Integrated E-Business

Solutions in Companies in the Republic of Macedonia ........................................................... 197 K.T. Blagoeva, S. Josimovski and M. Mijoska

Trends in Social Media Use on Macedonian Market – Comparative Analysis ............................ 203 D. Jovevski, S. Josimovski, K. T. Blagoeva and L. P. Ivanovska

Methodology of introducing K12 curriculum for improving efficiency of teaching computer

science in Serbia ....................................................................................................................... 208 I. Tasić, J. Tasić, T. Mitić, D. Tubić

Linear programming and software usage in management problems solution .............................. 212 D. Ţ. Đurović

ORSA – Organizing Software Application ................................................................................... 215 G. Murić, M. Krsmanović

Disaster Risk Management Web Enabled Information Technology ............................................ 219 J. Simić, S. Popov, T. Novaković, Đ. Ćosić, D. Sakulski, M. Bender

Using Bayesian Classification in e-learning ................................................................................. 224 A. N. Kotevski

Framework for Developing Web Applications with NoSQL Databases ...................................... 227 N. Mirkov, I. Ćirić, Z. Ćirić

Risk Assessment Metrics in Information Technologies Audit ..................................................... 233 I. Ćirić, N. Mirkov, Z. Ćirić

Information Systems Framework Synthesis on the Base of a Logical Approach ......................... 239 E.A. Cherkashin, V.V.Paramonov, R.K.Fedorov, I.N.Terehin, E.I.Pozdnyak, D.V.Annenkov

IT Service Management as a crucial factor for the success of SMEs in Europe .......................... 245 M. S. Stankovic

E-Banking- Modern Way of Banking ........................................................................................... 250 M. Stevanovski, A. Dejanovski

Application of CobIT at College for Information Technologies .................................................. 256 N. Paić and M. Nikitović

Electronic map as a tool for decision making in local governments ............................................ 262 Z. Branĉić, M. Bogunović and Z. Suhajda

Mobile Virtual Network Operators in the Electronic Communications Market ........................... 266 T. Cvetkovic, S.Vukcevic Vajs

Educational process performance measurement and evaluation system for higher education

institutions – architecture and functionality ............................................................................. 271 L. Šereš and R. Debeljaĉki

Extraction of a Thesaurus and a Project Structure from Open-source Software

GIT Repository ......................................................................................................................... 277 A.Y. Sokolov and E.A. Cherkashin

SLAP Project Pipeline of Municipal Infrastructure Project in Serbia .......................................... 281 N. Ćurić

Organizational Communication as a Component of Organizational Intelligence ........................ 285 I. Simić

Development of Multiplatform CMS System with Zend Framework .......................................... 290 S. Vuković, M. Löberbauer,Z. Ĉović and M. Ivković

QR Codes in Creative Economy: Case Study on Vinca Archaeological Site ............................... 294 M. Rikalo, H. Mikić

Analysis of Internet and Facebook Use Among College Students ............................................... 299 S.J. Ĉiĉević, M. Nešić and A. Samĉović

The Application of the Artificial Neural Networks in Cryptography ........................................... 303 V. Brtka, E. Brtka, V. Ognjenovic and I. Berkovic

Use of Corporate E-learning in Telecommunication Companies ................................................. 307 M.Ivković, D.Milanov and K.˘Kaĉapor

Comparative Analysis of Quality of Service in Mobile Multimedia Communications

in Serbia .................................................................................................................................... 311 A. Samĉović, S. Ĉiĉević

Using AHP Method and Expert Choice Software for Deciding on Solar Collector Products ...... 317 K. Vujicin and Z. Stojanov

Visualization of Volumetric Models Obtained by Optical 3D Digitizing on Mobile

Computing Platforms ............................................................................................................... 322 M. Blagojević and M. Ţivković

Remote Visualization of Finite Element Calculation Results in Vascular Interventions

Decision Making ...................................................................................................................... 326 M. Blagojević, A. Nikolić, M. Ţivković, M. Ţivković and G. Stanković

Application of O3D Plug-In in Development of Educational Web Based Application

for Interactive Exploration of 3D Digitized Data ..................................................................... 331 M. Blagojević, A. Dišić and M. Ţivković

Hair Color Manipulation in PhotoShop ........................................................................................ 335 B. Janković, V. Ognjenović, Ţ. Branović and J.Rusovan

Using Script Languages for Improving Graphics of Web Based Applications ............................ 339 Đ. Stojisavljević , N. Krstić, V. Ognjenović and Ţ. Branović

Impact of Information Literacy in the Implementation of Distance Learning .............................. 343 M. Pardanjac, E. Eleven, S. Jokić, D. Karuović, S. Đurin and M. Josić

Post-Transformation of Classical Photograph into Infrared Black and White Photograph .......... 347 V. Ognjenović, G. Stamenković, E. Brtka

Potentials of Using Data Mining in Basketball Coaching ............................................................ 351 Lj. Manovska, A. Stamatoski, I. Lacmanovic, P. Pecev, and M. Srecković

Thinking of Maintenance During Software Development: A Preliminary Review ...................... 355 M. Bhatt, Z. Stojanov and Lj. Kazi

The Quality Aspects of the Educational Web Applications ......................................................... 359 Z. Korkarić, E. Brtka and V. Brtka

The selection of the essential elements of SCORM standard ....................................................... 363 E. Brtka, Z. Korkarić and V. Brtka

Development of Java Application For Project Management Support In Educational

Information System .................................................................................................................. 367 Lj. Kazi, B. Radulovic, M. Ivkovic, B. Markoski, D. Lacmanovic, A. Kansara

Measuring success of Green IT projects: Balanced Scorecard Approach .................................... 372 J. Ravi, N. Chotaliya, Lj. Kazi and M. Pavlovic

Optimizing Images for Search Engines ........................................................................................ 377 O. Damjanović, V. Ognjenović and I. Berković

A Case Study from Iskratel: Improving the User Experience in a Telecommunication

Company .................................................................................................................................. 381 E. Stojmenova, J. Guna, D. Dinevski and M. Pogaĉnik

The Application of the Graph Theory in Cryptography ............................................................... 386 M. Brtka, J. Stojanov and V. Brtka

Wireless Local Area Network Security Overview ........................................................................ 390 B. Odadzic, D. Dobrilovic, D. Odadzic

Students’ Papers .................................................................................................... 394

Pascal as a First Programming Language for Learning Object – Oriented Programming ........... 395 Đ. Stojisavljević

Some Aspects of Data Privacy Protection in Internet Marketing in the EU and Serbia ............... 399 J. Markov and B. Lazić

HEV Generator Software Overview ............................................................................................. 404 J. Pavlović

Web Site “Kopaonik – apartmani”................................................................................................ 407 A. Mićić

Best and Worst Business Intelligence Practices ........................................................................... 413 A. Jovic, J. Radanov and M. Siljanovski

Customer Relationship Management Software Solutions – Comparative Analysis ..................... 418 D. Pavlovic and M. Todorovic

Importance of CRM Software in Enterprise and Direction of Their Future Development .......... 423 M. Todorovic, D. Pavlovic

Presence of E-business in the City of Zrenjanin ........................................................................... 429 J. Tucakov

Access and Support E –Trade for Successful Sale on the Internet ............................................... 431 N. Aleksić

Role of ERP Systems in Improving Organization Business ......................................................... 435 S. Vukadinović and S. Vujiĉić

Significance of CRM for Establishing Better Relations with Customers ..................................... 440 S. Vukadinović, S. Vujiĉić

Bayesian-GA Reasoning Risk Management for a Company Restructuring Project ..................... 446 N. Glišović

The Importance and Benefits of Internet Marketing ..................................................................... 450 D. Novak and M. Siljanovski

Importance of Implementing Customer Relationship Management ............................................. 456 M. Siljanovski, J. Radanov and A. Jovic

Comparison of Internet Marketing in Serbia and in the World .................................................... 461 D. Ahmetagić, J. Rodić

Quick Response Codes from Companies ...................................................................................... 465 J. Radanov, A. Jović and M. Siljanovski

Social Implications and Social Values of Information and Communication Technologies ......... 469 J. Novakovic

Research on Customer Attitudes Regarding Loyalty Programs ................................................... 473 J. Rodić, D. Ahmetagić

The Protection of Consumers From Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts in the

Legislation of the EU ............................................................................................................... 477 D. Glušac, M. Stanković

Practical Papers ..................................................................................................... 482

„Start-Stop“ Parking Charge System - Linux/Smartphone Based Pay Parking

By Minute System .................................................................................................................... 483 D. Jovanović, Ţ.Karadţić and M. Trkulja

Mobile banking ............................................................................................................................. 486 M. Dragosavac, S. Kaćanski and S. Tomašević

PLANet System Group Manuscript Archives ............................................................................... 491 A. Crnjanski and B.Bojić

Remote Visualization

of Finite Element Calculation Results

in Vascular Interventions Decision Making

M. Blagojević*, A. Nikolić*, M. Živković*, M. Živković ** and G. Stanković** * University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Kragujevac, Serbia

** Belgrade University, School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia

blagoje@kg.ac.rs, dziga@kg.ac.rs, zile@kg.ac.rs

mzivkovic05@hotmail.com, gorastan@sbb.rs

Abstract - Paper presents an overview of software platform

used by cardiologist in remote visualization of finite element

calculation results in order to study of blood flow in human

carotid arteries. Finite element solver PAK-F is used for the

calculation of viscous fluid flow. Thus, governing equations

of fluid flow are presented. The geometry of carotid artery

bifurcation is obtained through the reconstruction based on

images from CT scanner. Simulation of blood flow through

the carotid artery bifurcation is conducted on a realistic

three-dimensional patient-specific geometry. Developed

software platform is tool which can give useful on site inputs

to cardiologists. They determines if some cardiac

intervention is required and in which moment of plaque

development.

I. INTRODUCTION

Atherosclerosis is one of the most widespread diseases that affecting blood vessels in the human body. Artery bifurcations are among the most frequent site affected by atherosclerosis, being involved in up to 20% of percutaneous interventions. Several studies on the distribution of atherosclerotic plaques in human arterial systems have shown that atherosclerosis occurs predominantly at certain location of the vascular tree where the arteries have relatively complex geometry that result in disturbed blood flow behavior. In these regions, complex hemodynamic conditions dictate the localization and progression of atheroma. The studies [1-4] shows that very responsible flow-related hemodynamic factor affecting the distribution of atherosclerosis are low or reversed wall shear stress. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an area of fluid dynamics that can be applied to study the hemodynamic factors in human body. Over the years, mathematical modeling, has established as a complementary to experimental approach in investigating clinical problems as well as predicting the biomechanical behavior. The results of the finite element models may be trusted if they take into account all impacts, including the actual geometry of the domain. In other words, anthropometric variability of size and shape should not be neglected.

This paper presents a very effective methodology for remote visualization of finite element calculation results via internet. The main intention procedure generates

valuable inputs to cardiologists in planning further treatment of patients with cardiac and vascular diseases.

II. METHODS

A. Basic equations of incompressible viscous fluid flow

Differential equations that govern the blood flow [5-

7] are the Navier-Stokes equation. Essentially, Navier-

Stokes equation represents the second Newton's law

applied to the mass of fluid in control volume. This set of

equations is expanded with continuity equation of fluid

flow.

Using Galerkin method, with appropriate

interpolation functions and integration by volume of

finite element, a matrix form of previous equations is

obtained:

vv vp v

M V K V K P F (1)

0T

vp K V (2)

Components of this matrix and vectors are:

h hIJ I J

V

dV M (3)

V V

j,Jj,Ij,JjIIJvv dVdV hhhvhK (4)

V

Ji,IIJvpi dVhhK (5)

V S

jj,iijIV

iIIvi dSpdV nvhfh F (6)

By grouping equations (1) and (2), system of differential

equations is presented as:

0

00 0 0

vv vp v

T

vp

K KM V V F

K PP

(7)

The system of equations (7) is a symmetrical system of

nonlinear differential equations of first order by unknown

values in nodes V and P . The matrix vvK (4) is

nonlinear, since it depends on velocity.

Applied Internet and Information Technologies 2012, REGULAR PAPERS

Page 326 of 496

Wall shear stress is a hemodynamic factor which has

great importance to study the problem of blood flow.

Wall shear stress is calculated using equation:

tW

wall

uτ

n (8)

where Wτ is wall shear stress, tu is tangential velocity

and n is the direction of a unit vector normal to the wall

at the moment.

B. In-house software PAK-F

The in-house software package PAK-F [8] is developed by Laboratory for Engineering Software (University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Kragujevac). It consists of modules for steady and transient incompressible fluid flow with heat transfer and is based on finite element method and the fundamental equations of viscous fluid flow.

The main program loops per time steps. Within this loop there is loop per iterations. Solving nonlinear equations of fluid flow (7) is performed iteratively. The size of unbalanced loads is determined in current iteration. It corresponds to the increments of speed and pressure. This procedure continues until convergence criteria are not satisfied or until corresponding increments of displacements and pressures are not become enough small.

Results obtained by PAK-F are printed in *. vtk file for post-process in software Paraview [9], as described in [10].

C. Mesh generation

To apply the methodology of calculating the fluid flow hemodynamic parameters (blood) to the human’s

bifurcations, it is necessary to make a realistic patient-specific model. A schematic model of the carotid bifurcation is shown in Fig. 1. In order to create an analysis file for software PAK-F, it is necessary to create finite element model. Reconstruction of the geometry of blood vessels is conducted in the software Mimics, based on CT images of patient provided by Clinical Centre of Serbia (Belgrade). Multiblock approach is used in mesh generation [11]. Blocks are created by in-house software STL2BLOCK. Based on blocks, quadratic eight-node isoparametric elements are generated in IA-FEMesh [12] (Fig. 2).

The calculation was performed in 30 steps (10 by 0.02s and 20 by 0.03s which gives in total 0.8s). The average flow velocity in the inlet is measured for each observed patient. Density of blood and coefficient of dynamic viscosity are adopted according to [13-16].

D. Remote Visualization with ParaView

ParaView is an open-source, multi-platform client-server data analysis and visualization application. ParaView is developed to analyze extremely large datasets using distributed memory computing resources. The ParaView client runs on office computer (Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade) while the server will run at the remote computing site (Laboratory for Engineering Software, Kragujevac), Fig. 3. Running ParaView remotely in a client-server configuration may involves establishing an ssh tunnel to the login node, lauching the ParaView server, connecting the server to the client over. The following text describes the steps to install ParaView on desktop and configure it to launch remote jobs within the ParaView GUI.

The first step is to install ParaView. Version 3.14.1 is currently the recommended version. The ParaView client is a serial application and is always run with the paraview command. The ParaView server is enabled with the pvserver command. For new server configuration ParaView will run an external command to start the server. The external command will be run using exec() (Posix systems) or CreateProcess() (Win32), so shell-specific functionality such as redirection or "&" cannot be used. A set of predefined and user-defined environment variables are used to communicate connection parameters.

To simplify the user experience, predefined ParaView server configurations for users from Clinical Center of Serbia is provided. This is performed with an external XML file. This page defines an XML schema for storing server configurations that is based on the existing functionality. Meaning of tags in xml file is given in the following text.

Figure 1. Schematic model of carotid artery bifurcation

Figure 3. Calculation data remote visualization

in Paraview via Internet

Figure 2. Fem model of carotid artery bifurcation

Applied Internet and Information Technologies 2012, REGULAR PAPERS

Page 327 of 496

The <Servers> tag is the root element of the document, which contains zero-to-many <Server> tags. Each <Server> tag represents a configured server. The "name" attribute uniquely identifies the server configuration, and is displayed in the user interface. The "resource" attribute specifies the type of server connection, server host(s) and optional port(s) for making a connection. The "owner" attribute specifies where the configuration originated. Current valid values are "builtin", "site", or "user". The client uses this information to set policy, "builtin" and "site" configurations are read-only, "user" configurations are stored in per-user preferences.

The <CommandStartup> tag is used to run an external command to start a server. An optional <Options> tag can be used to prompt the user for options required at startup. Each <Option> tag represents an option that the user will be prompted to modify before startup. The "name" attribute defines the name of the option, which will become its variable name when used as an environment variable, and for purposes of string-substitution in <Argument> tags. The "label" attribute defines a human-readable label for the option, which will be used in the user interface. The optional "readonly" attribute can be used to designate options which are user-visible, but cannot be modified. A <Range> tag designates a numeric option that is only valid over a range of values. The "type" attribute controls the type of number controlled. Valid values are "int" for integers and "double" for floating-point numbers, respectively. The "min" and "max" attributes specify the minimum and maximum allowable values for the option (inclusive). The "step" attribute specifies the preferred amount to increment or decrement values in the user interface. The "default" attribute specifies the initial value of the option. As a special-case for integer ranges, a default value of "random" will generate a random number as the default each time the user is prompted for a value. A <String> tag designates an option that accepts freeform text as its value. The "default" attribute specifies the initial value of the option. A <Boolean> tag designates an option that is either on/off or true/false. The "true" attribute specifies what the option value will be if enabled by the user. The "false" attribute specifies what the option value will be if disabled by the user. The "default" attribute specifies the initial value of the option, either "true" or "false". An <Enumeration> tag designates an option that can be one of a finite set of values. The "default" attribute specifies the initial value of the option, which must be one of its enumerated values. Each <Entry> tag describes one allowed value. The "name" tag specifies the value for that choice. The "label" tag provides human-readable text that will be displayed in the user interface for that choice. A <Command> tag is used to specify the external command and its startup arguments. The "exec" attribute specifies the filename of the command to be run. The system PATH will be used to search for the command, unless an absolute path is specified. The "timeout" attribute specifies the maximum amount of time (in seconds) that the client will wait for the server to start. The "delay" attribute specifies a delay (in seconds) between the time the startup command completes and the time that the client attempts a connection to the server. <Argument> tags are command-line arguments that will be passed to the startup command.

String substitution is performed on each argument, replacing each $STRING$ with the value of a predefined or user-defined variable. Arguments whose value is an empty string are not passed to the startup command.

The <ManualStartup> tag indicates that the user will manually start the given server prior to connecting. An optional <Options> tag can be used to prompt the user for options required at startup.

Configuration file is saved on location depending on operating system. On fig. 4 configuration interface for connecting with server is shown. Graphical user interface of Paraview in remote visualization of calculation data example is shown in Fig. 5. With ParaView cardiologists can quickly build visualizations to analyze analyzing data using qualitative and quantitative techniques. The data exploration can be done interactively in 3D or programmatically using ParaView's batch processing capabilities. In this way, doctors can have the full advantage of using a shared remote high-performance rendering without leaving their offices.

Velocity field along a streamlines in steps 1, 3 and 5 are shown in Figures 6, 7 and 8, respectively. Fluid velocity is changed depending on the region that is being observed on carotid artery bifurcation. On the internal carotid artery (ICA) it can be seen where there is a narrowing of blood vessels it leads to increased blood flow velocity.

Fig. 9 shows wall shear stress in step 05 of cardiac

Figure 4. Configuration interface for connecting with server

Figure 5. Paraview GIU in remote visualization

of calculation data example

Applied Internet and Information Technologies 2012, REGULAR PAPERS

Page 328 of 496

cycle. In this step there is maximum value of wall shear stress at peak systolic flow. On the external carotid artery (ECA) where cross section is bigger and flow velocity is smaller there are low values of wall shear stress. In these areas where wall shear stress has small values there is possibility for the occurrence of atherosclerosis.

III. CONCLUSION

Provided case study illustrates the application of PAK-F in the study of hemodynamic characteristics of patient-specific carotid artery bifurcation. Calculation results are displayed client side (medics) by client server applications.

The combination of PAK-F with certain programs for pre-processing and post-processing gets a powerful tool in decision making. The previous considerations indicate that developed platform is software tool which can give useful inputs to cardiologists. They have clear view about insight of the blood flow through carotid artery bifurcation, so they can suggest surgical intervention or not.

Constriction problems of blood vessel can be successfully solved by installing the stents in positions with a possibility of total congestion of blood vessels. After placing the stent, blood vessel lumen and cross section is increased. Due to the rapid creating the model, calculation, and the presentation to cardiologists, approximate analysis of the coarse models may be conducted at each physical of individual patient. In this way it is possible to monitor the patient and determine the optimal moment in time of plaque development for stenting.

The ongoing research is oriented to the upgrade of software that will give a platform for coronary arteries and heart malfunctioning simulation.

The large variety of hardware, operating systems, and MPI implementations makes installing precompiled binaries of parallel ParaView impossible. Thus, to use ParaView on a parallel server, user has to compile ParaView from source. The server is a parallel MPI program that must be launched as a parallel job. The most common way is to use the mpirun command.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The part of this research is supported by Ministry of Education and Science, Republic of Serbia, Grants TR32036 and OI175082.

REFERENCES

[1] L. Goubergrits, K. Affeld, J.Fernandez-Brittoy and L. Falcon, "Investigation of geometry and atherosclerosis in the human carotid bifurcations", Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 31-48, 2003

[2] R. Reneman, T. Arts and A. Hoeks, "Wall Shear Stress – an Important Determinant of Endothelial Cell Function and Structure in the Arterial System in vivo", Journal of Vascular Research, Vol. 43, pp. 251–269,2006

[3] C.K. Zarins, D.P. Giddens, B.K. Bharadvaj, V.S Sottiurai, R.F. Mabon and S. Glagov, "Carotid bifurcation atherosclerosis. Quantitative correlation of plaque localization with flow velocity profiles and wall shear stress", Circulation Research, Vol. 53, pp. 502-514, 1983

[4] K. Nguyen, C. Clarka, T. Chancellor and D. Papavassiliou, "Carotid geometry effects on blood flow and on risk for vascular disease", Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 41, pp. 11–19, 2008

[5] M. Kojić, M. Živković, R. Slavković and N. Grujović, Finite element method I – Linear analysis, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia, 1998

[6] K.J. Bathe, Finite element procedures in engineering analysis, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA, 1996

[7] M. Kojić, N. Filipović, B. Stojanović, N. Kojić, Computer Modeling in Bioengineering, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, England, 2008

[8] M. Kojić, N. Filipović, M. Živković, R. Slavković and N. Grujović, PAK-F, Program for FE Analysis of Fluid Flow with Heat Transfer, Users Manual, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

Figure 7. Velocity field in step 03

Figure 6. Velocity field in step 01

Figure 9. Wall shear stress in step 05

Figure 8. Velocity field in step 05

Applied Internet and Information Technologies 2012, REGULAR PAPERS

Page 329 of 496

of Kragujevac - Laboratory for Engineering Software, Kragujevac, Serbia, 1999

[9] http://paraview.org/

[10] M. Blagojević, A. Nikolić and M. Živković, "Visualization of field of fluid flow calculated by fem software PAK-F in post-processing software paraview", YU INFO 2012, Book of Abstracts, Kopaonik, Serbia, 2012

[11] N. M. Grosland et al, "IA-FEMesh: An open-source, interactive, multiblock approach to musculoskeletal finite element model development", Computer Methods & Programs in Biomedicine, Vol. 94, No. 1, pp. 96-107, 2009

[12] A. Shirsat, S. Gupta, G. R. Shevare, "Generation of multi-block topology for discretization of three-dimensional domains", Computers & Graphics, Vol. 23, pp. 45-57, 1999

[13] K. Perktold, M. Resch and O. Peter, "Three-dimensional numerical analysis of pulsatile flow and wall shear stress in the carotid artery bifurcation model", Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 24, pp. 409-420, 1991

[14] K. Perktold, M. Resch and H. Florian, "Pulsatile non-Newtonian flow characteristics in a tree-dimensional human carotid bifurcation model", Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, Vol. 113, pp. 464-475, 1991

[15] S.Z. Zhao, B. Ariff, Q. Long, A.D. Hughes, S.A. Thom, A.V. Stanton and X.Y. Xu, "Inter-individual variations in wall shear stress and mechanical stress distributions at the carotid artery bifurcation of healthy humans", Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 35, pp. 1367–1377, 2002

[16] J.Soulis, T. Farmakis, G. Giannoglou and G. Louridas, "Wall shear stress in normal left coronary artery tree", Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 39, pp. 742–749, 2006

Applied Internet and Information Technologies 2012, REGULAR PAPERS

Page 330 of 496