UNIT 5 History - blogshumanitastorrejon.com · In the north of Spain there were small Christian...
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UNIT 5 History 1 1. Counting the time We talk about the past in numbers of years: The year 1 is the year Jesus was born: Years before the birth of Jesus Christ are called B.C. Years after the birth of Jesus Christ are called A.D. In history we count years in hundreds. (100 years= 1 century) Example: Year Belongs to the 711 8 th century 1845 19 th century 1066 11 th century
Transcript of UNIT 5 History - blogshumanitastorrejon.com · In the north of Spain there were small Christian...
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1. Counting the time
We talk about the past in numbers of years:
The year 1 is the year Jesus was born: Years before the birth of Jesus Christ are called B.C.
Years after the birth of Jesus Christ are called A.D.
In history we count years in hundreds. (100 years= 1 century)
Example:
Year Belongs to the
711 8th century
1845 19th century
1066 11th century
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2. Prehistory
It’s the oldest period in history.
It started 5 million years ago.
It finished when writing was invented.
Characteristics:
a) People lived in caves.
b) People made clothes with animal skins.
c) People hunted and fished.
d) People collected wild plants and fruit to eat. e) People didn’t write or read. We know about their lives from their
cave paintings and tools.
Cave paintings Tools
f) They discovered important things: 1st They discovered fire. 2nd Later they invented the wheel. 3rd Finally they ivented writing. This was the end of Prehistory.
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3. AncientHistory
It started when people invented writing (about 3.500 B.C)
It finished with the end of the Roman Empire, in 476 A.D
Characteristics:
a) The first civilizations appeared. - The most important ones were the Greeks and the Romans.
b) The first cities also appeared.
Greeks
They come to the Iberian Peninsula and called it Iberia.
They invented Democracy (government by the people)
They start trading (selling and buying things): - They invented coins.
They invented the Olympic Games.
They believed in many gods.
They made beautiful buildings and sculptures.
Parthenon in Greece
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Romans
They come to the Iberian Peninsula in 218 B.C. and called it Hispania.
They conquered many lands in Europe and Africa.
-The end of the Roman Empire took place in 476 A.D.
They built many cities and roads.
They built aqueducts (to carry water to cities).
Aqueduct in Segovia
They invented a language called Latin. Spanish comes from Latin.
They had some similarities with Greek Civilization: -They trade. -They made beautiful buildings and sculptures. -They believed in many gods.
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4. Middle Ages
The Middle Ages started in 476 A.D.
Characteristics:
In the 8th century, Muslims conquered the south of Spain: they called it Al-Andalus.
In the north of Spain there were small Christian Kingdoms.
a) Christian kingdoms
The king and the nobles lived in castles: - They had soldiers and servants.
The Church was very important: -They were priest and monks.
Most people were poor peasants.
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b) Al-Andalus:
Muslims and Christians lived in AlAndalus.
There wer lots of artist and merchants.
They built mosques, the place were Muslims pray.
Mezquita de Córdoba
They also built palaces as the Alhambra, in Granada.
La Alhambra (Granada)
The Christian Kingdoms slowly conquered Al- Andalus. This process was called, the Recoquista.
In 1492, Christians conquered Granada (the last muslim Kingdom). This was the end of the Middle Ages.
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5. The Early Modern Ages.
It started in 1492, when Cristobal Colón discovered America.
Characteristics:
a) Explorers sailed around the world and discovered many places.
b) The printing press was invented in 15th century.
c) The explorers made better maps with the compass.
d) Two famous writers lived in this period:
Spanish writer: Miguel de Cervantes; who wrote “Don Quijote de la Mancha”
English writer: William Shakespeare; who wrote “Romeo and Juliet”
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In Spain, this period was called The Golden Age.It was an important time for art and literature; painter Diego De Velázquez lived then.
Las Meninas by D.Velázquez
Spain conquered many lands in America, Asia and Africa. It was a big empire.
This period ended in 1789 with the French Revolution. French people decided they didn’t want a king anymore and they started a war against their king.
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6. Modern Ages.
The Modern Ages started in 1789.
In the 19th century there was the Industrial Revolution. In this period, there were lots of inventions and changes:
a) Steam trains: people and products could move around more quickly than before.
b) Factories appeared. They used machines to make lots of products.
c) Rich people owned the factories. They lived in big and comfortable houses. They had servants. Children in rich families went to school.
d) Ordinary people worked in the factories. They lived in small and uncomfortable houses. Children worked in the factories too.
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In the 20th century people’s lives were better and more comfortable.
Characteristics:
a) They had machines for washing clothes, cooking and cleaning. b) Car, buses and planes were invented.
c) Entertainment changed because the cinema, the radio and the
television were invented.
People at the cinema A family listening to the radio
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WORD BANK
Hunt: cazar
Cave paintings: pinturasrupestres
Tool: herramienta
__________
Civilization: civilización
Democrazy: democracia
Trade: comercio
Coins: monedas
Gods: dioses
Sculptures: esculturas
Aqueducts: acueductos
__________
Muslim: musulmán
Christian Kingdoms: reinos cristianos
Noble: noble
Soldier: soldado
Priest: cura
Monk: monje
Peasant: campesino
Merechants: mercaderes
Mosque: mezquita
.
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_________
Explorer: explorador
Printing press: imprenta
Compass: brújula
Golden Age: Edad dorada.
Empire: imperio
French Revolution: revolución francesa.
__________
Industrial Revolution: revolución industrial
Steam train: tren de vapor
Factory: fábrica
Machine: máquina
Entertainment: entretenimiento
