OCR –

Level 3 Cambridge Introductory Diploma in Media

Unit 30:

UK Media Publishing Lauren Dowley

Candidate No. 2044

Contents

Contents

Contents

Section 1Magazine

Top of the Pops magazine

http://www.immediate.co.uk/brands/top-of-the-pops/

Genre

• The denotation of the genre is pop music, which is what my magazine will be.

• The readers can tell this from the verbal code of the masthead ’Top of the ‘Pops’’, which obviously connotes pop music.

• On the main cover there is always a famous pop star or band, which ‘signifies’ (De Saussure) straight away that it is a pop magazine that helps sell it’s issues based on capturing the attention of a young, passive reader with the use of ‘star appeal’ (Richard Dyer).

Purpose • The purpose is to entertain young teenage girls by

giving them tips, help, advice and many other thing including quizzes, interviews and posters of popular bands.

• The logo for the magazine ‘Top of the Pops’ connotes that the magazine is about Pop music and that they're at the top, hence the word ‘Top’.

• The strapline on the cover of the magazine is ‘GOSSIP CRINGES SHOPPING BOYS’. This connotes what the main subjects in the magazine are, making it clear for the reader to see and shows them that because the layout is so clear, its easier to understand as well.

Frequency

• The magazine has 12 copies a year. • Top of the Pops’ readership is around the

298,000 mark and their circulation is between 216,954 and 225,000.

Content On this part of the contents page it shows the front cover of the magazine and which denotes what page number all of the things on the front cover are on. For example if I wanted to look at what Ariana said and her interview, I could see that its on page 12. This makes it easier for the readers to access what parts of the magazine they want to look at first, which makes the make that magazine easy to read as the layout is clear and understandable.

This section denotes different parts of the magazine but in categories. For example, if people wanted to read gossip about One Direction as Niall’s face is by the number 11 and under the title of Celeb and Gossip, so they would then know to go to page 11. Again, this makes finding what you want to read easier, so it doesn’t feel like a challenge of having to flick through all the pages until you find what you want to read.

As the contents page numbers miss out some numbers (because they have already been showed from another part of the page), it makes it more fun to read and is more exciting because its all mixed up but you can still find what you want easily.

My Magazine of inspiration (Top of the Pops) will help me to construct my magazine flat plan by my magazine being so similar to it. The main similarities in the pages were the double page spread interviews, gossip about celebrities and popular TV shows, newest fashion trends and fails from celebrities as well as posters.

Content• The content of the magazine contains exclusive interviews,

posters and details of bands in the charts and other stars. It also includes fashion trends and tips, beauty tips and lifestyle tips. The magazine will normally come with a free gift and poster of a band or pop start. There are also articles about the pop stars, quizzes, horoscopes and song lyrics.

• On the front cover the magazine specifies that the magazine will cover: ‘Gossip, Cringes, Shopping, Boys’. Clearly without having to look inside the mag or read anything else we know what the magazine will be about.

• The magazine has a quite happy, cheery, innocent and commercialized identity therefore making it a dominant ideology.

Form and style• Through out the magazine utopian colours have been used on every page to make the

magazine more happy, light hearted and fun which appeals more to younger female teenagers.

• Also throughout, the magazine uses different fonts for almost everything, as it makes the page seem more fun, interesting and exciting, therefore making it appeal to the target audience more.

• The height and width of my magazine will be the same as all publications, height= 28.4cm and width= 21cm.

Bright yellow & pink on a fashion pug

Blue & yellow

White, blue & pink against the blackWhite & yellow

against blue

The verbal code ‘Solved’ connotes reassurance for the readers who will by the magazine, suggesting they will learn something and get help with stresses so that they will never have to worry about those specific stresses again.

I will replicate similar utopian colours on my front page by including my own puff/pug promotions which will have complimentary colours contrasting each other to draw attention to my magazine.

Immediate MediaImmediate media are one of the biggest magazine media publishers in the UK, as well as one of the biggest consumer media businesses. In may 2015 there were awarded the name of Media Company of the Year at the British Media Awards. Every year they sells 74 million magazines and have over 1 million active subscribers, also reaching 33 million people online every month.

Source: http://www.immediate.co.uk/story/ & http://www.immediate.co.uk/brands/

Ownership StructureThe magazine launched in February 1995.The company was founded 1 November 2011. Immediate media is a local company in London and Bristol.Their sister company was called ‘It’s Hot’ but was cancelled and sold their last issue on 19 July 2007.The company plan to acquire future publishing's of sport and crafts.

Operating ModelStephen AlexanderChairman

Executive team

Senior Management

http://www.immediate.co.uk/ourpeople/

Production Process • I tried to contact Peter Hart, who is the main

editor of Top of the Pops magazine and find some more information about the magazine:

So instead I found a different source for my production process, displayed on the next two slides.

Production Process • After looking at the links Peter Hart sent me, I found that the third

link was most helpful, as it helped me to understand more about what is most important in include in a pop magazine and its process.

• I learnt that by increasing the frequency of the magazine from monthly to fortnightly allowed the readers to get exclusive ‘gossip’ more often instead of having to wait a month. The content of the magazine would have to be exclusive (including photographs and competitions) in order to gain more interest from the teenage girls. To the right is information about the frequency of the magazine and that the magazine has a three - week deadline to finish constructing and editing the magazine, to then distributing it to shops so it can be sold.

http://www.prweek.com/article/462442/media-relations-2-minutes-with-peter-hart-editor-top-pops-magazine

Production Process• Decide date of publication,

• Once the date for the release of my magazine has been chosen I will then be working with a schedule which is in the slide after this.

• Manage a schedule,• This is where my schedule will be managed and decided which is what everyone will

have to work against.

• Decide the over all budget,• The editorial team will choose what topics that will be included in the magazine, then

look at how much money we have and decide a final budget for the production of whole magazine.

• Decide content that will be included,• At this stage journalists and reporters do a lot of research about the topics and content

that will be included in the magazine, interviews will be arranged and artwork/ graphics are also worked on at this stage.

• Edit the magazine • We edit the magazine to make sure all facts are correct, checking spelling and grammar

and the house-style is carried out.

http://hosbeg.com/the-magazine-production-process/

Production Process• Decide the layout of all the pages,

• The editorial team then choose the layout of each page in the magazine and which order they should all go in. To do this, the main programme that is used is InDesign. Adverts are also placed in the magazine at this point.

• Proofreading,• Once a hardcopy of the magazine has been printed, editors will look

through it and find and correct any mistakes.

• Send file of the magazine to the printer,• Once proofread, the DTP file of the fully finished magazine will be sent to

the printer. If the editors approve he printing, the printer will then start mass printing.

• Distribution.• The magazines are neatly packed and sent to a warehouse where the

magazines are distributed and then sold to the public.

http://hosbeg.com/the-magazine-production-process/

What is the process of distributing a magazine?

• I e-mailed the circulation manager of Warners Group Publications Plc., Tom Brown, asking him what the process of distributing a magazine is and he replied with a beginner’s guide to distribution as well as attaching a document about Distribution agreement too. The process of distribution is:

① Definitions and interpretation① Business day② Commencement date③ Control ④ Export

What is the process of distributing a magazine?

① Definitions and interpretation① Fees② Group③ Intellectual Property rights④ Logistics costs⑤ Net sales⑥ Printing schedules⑦ Publication⑧ Retail agreements⑨ Term (what has been agreed for example clause 15)⑩ Territory (for example worldwide)

What is the process of distributing a magazine?

② Appointment ③ Publisher’s undertakings④ Prices and payment⑤ Delivery of the publication⑥ Advertising and promotion⑦ Distributor’s responsibilities ⑧ Supply of the publication

What is the process of distributing a magazine?

⑨ Records ⑩ Warranties⑪ Indemnity ⑫ Intellectual property rights⑬ Insurance⑭ Limitation of liability⑮ Commencement, duration and termination

What is the process of distributing a magazine?

⑯ Consequences of termination ⑰ Confidentiality ⑱ Force majeure ⑲ Entire agreement ⑳ Variation and waiver ㉑ Assignment and other dealings㉒ Freedom to contract

What is the process of distributing a magazine?

Target audience

• ‘Top of the Pops’ is aimed at girls aged around 12+

• Nationality- doesn’t matter• Social class- middle class as upper class

may go for more classy magazine which have less abbreviations and lower class providing they have the money.

Target audience

• DemographicsThe audience will be most likely in group E because they will be too young even top get a Saturday job yet as they're still in school. Either social climbers or care givers. Social climbers because girls will feel that if they know more about certain stars or bands they are more privileged than others who may not know as much. Care givers because girls may feel engaged with and/or sympathetic towards a star or band.

http://www.abc1demographic.co.uk

Target Audience

• Uses and Gratifications (Katz)• Either ‘inform and educate’ or ‘personal

relationship’. ‘Inform and educate’ as the reader may learn something new about a pop star or band that they didn’t before by reading the magazine. ‘Personal relationship’ because by reading the magazine, you can build an admiration for a certain star or band.

http://everything.explained.today/Uses_and_gratifications_theory/

Target audience• Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs• If you were to be a ‘social climber’ or a ‘care giver’, you

would buy magazines for social and esteem needs, not for safety or physiological needs. For example, if someone didn’t have easy access to food, water or even struggled to breath, then if they had money they wouldn’t be buying a magazine. Also if someone was homeless, or was at risk or accidents or injury or health then again they wouldn’t spend their money buying a magazine. However if someone felt like they wanted to feel as if they belonged somewhere and be accepted by others like in friendships, family and social or community groups to avoid things like being lonely or unloved, then they would buy a magazine that could maybe help them to avoid those feelings.

http://www.goonstogod.com/stage-2/

Psychographics The audience for my magazine will be aspirers because young girls are interested in who’s most interested in who’s most popular and who isn’t, image appearance and fashion. This is why I will focus more on colour and puffs to make my magazine appeal more to the target audience.

http://www.examstutor.com/business/resources/studyroom/marketing/market_analysis/8_psychographic_segmentation.php

Spending Power

• Spending power= how much you have left to spend.

• Young teens will usually receive pocket money that they can spend on magazine and other girly items like makeup and hair accessories.

• This means that the price of the magazine will have to be affordable for girls to buy.

http://www.newsstand.co.uk/193-Pop-Music-Magazines/2018-Subscribe-to-TOP-OF-THE-POPS-Magazine-Subscription.aspx

Market Position

As you can see ‘Top of the Pops’ magazine isn't in the top ten, of teenage magazines, even though their circulation is 56K and their readership is 263K, they still aren't in the top ten. Neither is We Love Pop, another popular music magazine, this portrays that no matter how long has been running, the content of the magazine is the most important. Although ‘Teen Vogue’ is more of a fashion magazine, they still talk about new music and stars to look out for in the future, as well as new music videos that the magazine recommend and back to school concerns, perfect for all female teens (13-18). I think music magazine rent aren't as popular because girls find out all of the information about stars and new music through social media, instead of reading a magazine. http://www.kidzworld.com/article/26494-top-10-magazines-for-teens

http://www.immediate.co.uk/brands/top-of-the-pops/

Market Position

http://www.hypebot.com/hypebot/2015/01/nielson-study-reveals-rock-prevails-as-most-popular-genre-in-the-us-.html

•Rock - 29%•R&B/ Hip Hop - 17.2%•Pop - 14.9%•Country - 11.2%•Dance/EDM - 3.4%•Christian/Gospel - 3.1%•Holiday/Seasonal - 2.6%•Latin - 2.6%•Jazz - 1.4%•Classical - 1.4%•Children - 1%

As you can see, Pop is the third most popular genre that people listen to, which connotes that even though it isn't the most popular, the genre is still popular.

Market Position Leading Publishers in the UK: (Circulation figure; percentage change year on year)

Bauer Consumer Media: 2,409,804 ; -10.7%

Conde Nast Publications Ltd: 1,448,477 ; -3.7%

D C Thomson & Co Ltd: 493,388 ; 9.1%

Dennis Publishing Limited: 473,471 ; -3.8%

Egmont Magazines UK: 520,005 ; 20.8%

H Bauer Publishing: 2,854,452 ; -4.0%

Haymarket Consumer Media: 368,617 ; -0.5%

Hearst Magazines UK: 3,513,131 ; -9.0%

Immediate Media Company: 3,041,105 ; -2.4%

IPC Media Ltd: 5,427,741 ; -6.1%

Circulation: 115,000

Product advertising and marketing OF the magazine • Marketing –The magazine pays what they can afford in order to get the best position for selling

their magazine i.e. next to the CD’s in larger supermarkets.• Viral marketing= marketing through the internet. • Guerrilla marketing= the use of unconventional and low cost marketing strategies to raise awareness of a

product. (for example viral)

• Poster= mainly used in shop windows but Top of the Pops doesn’t use this.

• TV adverts= Top of the Pops doesn’t advertise on TV

• Radio advert= Top of the Pops are in partnership with BBC Radio1

• Leaflets= a small cheaper way to advertise to hand out to people or put on car windows. Top of the Pops does not do this.

poster

leafletTV advert

Viral marketing

Guerrilla marketing

Product advertising and marketing OF the magazine • How is the product (Music Magazine) advertised?

• In supermarkets or shops which sell magazines (for example WHSmiths), train stations,

• What platforms (E-Media, Print, Broadcast) are utilized to help promote the product? • Magazines sell advertising space and are a good source of promoting a music magazine;

Flyers can be placed in shops and adverts can be placed on TV or Radio and on the internet as adverts flash up on PCS and also selling subscriptions for magazines offering better deals financially to induce the buyer to buy the yearly subscription.

Broadcast

Print

Promoting ‘Top of the Pops’ Magazine

• Top of the Pops have their own Facebook page so they can advertise their magazine for free which is where a lot of young girls spend their time. By seeing the picture of the most recent magazine cover it raises awareness to future readers. The Magazine are also raising awareness to their app, saying we can ‘Get The Gossip’ and of course young girls with smartphones will want to download the app because will want the latest gossip.

Retail outlets• Top of the Pops magazine can be found in almost

every local corner shop, as well as more well-known shops like WH Smiths, the Co-op, Sainsbury’s, Tesco's and many others.

Marketing IN the magazine

• Throughout the ‘Top of the Pops’ magazine there are various adverts aimed at pre-teen girls, for example Tamagotchi, Revlon nail varnish adverts and Tampax, as every girl would be able to relate to it.

Masthead = simple font, which won’t be too complicated for young children as it won’t make a difference to them, hot pink, which is quit a girly and happy color for girls and definitely not suitable for boys, it has stars around the edge which makes it more pretty and again more girly. The white font signifies (De Saussure) purity which makes the magazine more cleanly for young females to read.

Date, Price and Barcode = ‘9 September 2014, £3.99’ – monthly subscription.

Main headline = uses bright colors to appeal to young females and make the circle stand out more and the info inside the circle. The circle shape also stands out as most other things are square. It could be the shape of a bubble which is fun and interesting instead of squares which can be the shape of a brick which isn't so fun.

Colloquial or slang language has been used by the word ‘lot’ to appeal to the younger target audience, as they might use more slang than adults. ‘social climbers’ (Maslow) would find this appealing as it suggests that the reader will gain more information through reading this magazine, therefore would know more than others which gives them an advantage to others who haven’t bought the magazine.

The magazine cover overall uses a lot of bright, stereotypically girly colors to appeal to the target audience of younger pre-teen or early teen female girls. It also makes the page look more fun and attractive, therefore more enjoyable to read. The colors include: hot pink; yellow; blue and white. These colors signify (De Saussure) a very happy, exciting and safe feel to the magazine, therefore making it appeal more to the target audience.

Main image = popular people from girls’ favorite boy bands to make the magazine look more fun, interesting and enjoyable. Each of the boys in the main image is star appeals from popular bands. The reader can then see that the magazine knows who is most popular and that they know what they’re talking about so therefore it would be a good magazine.

‘Pops’ the sub-genre is pop music.

The title has used a pun in the title to appeal to the target audience as puns are never serious, portraying that the magazine and the interview isn’t very serious. This connotes a more light hearted feeling for the audience, which makes them want to read the article more.

This bold heading of the interview takes up almost half of the page, making it seem like the title is just as important as the actual interview. This signifies (De Saussure) that the interview isn’t important. The reader then thinks that the interview will be fun, entertaining and casual, which is just what a teen magazine should be.

On this page there is a big picture which almost fills up the whole page. The reader sees this and instantly knows who the interview is about and knows that there isn't much reading because the space is filled up with a picture. This attracts the reader to read the article because not all teenagers like reading heavy paragraphs a two or more pages of an interview.

This magazine also has images in line with the text as well. This makes the more interesting, there is less to read and more to look at. They also denote to the reader more about Ariana’s lifestyle, which attracts caregivers (Maslow) who will be able to feel that they could connect with the star more, through seeing personal pictures of them.

The layout of the interview is clear to the reader as the questions are highlighted in bold and in pink whereas the answers aren't in bold and their colour is black. Some words in specific have been highlighted, for example “I would rather swallow my own head!” this could have been done because its certain more interesting words that stand out from the others that might be more important, for example her favourite drink. This portrays quite an informal language as that is the language more frequently used by pre/young female teens. The verbal codes: “I’d rather swallow my own head!” have also been used as one of the main quotes on the double page spread. The editors chose this line because it’s strange but funny, which young teens always find amusing and interesting to read.

The colour scheme of this page is white, pink and black. These three colours together are very pretty and girly which signifies (De Saussure) the star’s personality, as well as the black being used for the main text so that it is clear and easy to read.

Section 2Newspaper

Free sheet• A free sheet is a daily newspaper which you can

collect for free. • Free sheets earn money via their advertising and

can be typically found at train station (so people can quickly pick up a magazine and read it in the train on their way to work, for example) or in busy cities or centres like London.

• Local businesses also like to advertise in these newspapers which is another reason that people pick up free sheet newspapers (companies also looks at the adverts to see what’s trending and if there are any services which they might be able to use to help them).

http://www.pressmagmedia.com/free-distribution-press

Tabloid • A newspaper in which pages are half the

size of a broadcast.• The language is very informal and their

stories are much less serious than a broad cast, they also contain less information.

• Working class people who work a lot would read this type of newspaper.

• These magazines are normally cheaper than broadcast newspapers.

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/tabloid http://www.slideshare.net/jodieholmes/comparing-broadsheet-and-tabloid-newspapers

Broadsheet

• Much larger page than a tabloid and includes more serious stories instead of ‘making fun of’ serious stories.

• The information in a broadsheet is only printed on one side of the double page.

http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/broadsheet

Genre• The denotation of the genre is General news/ gossip.

• The readers can tell this from the verbal code of the masthead ‘The Sun’, which connotes warmth and happiness, so it will be very happy and light-hearted. On the front page there is always a lead story with a pun to make the readers interested in reading it.

• Circulation figures:

http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/national-newspaper-abcs-march-2015-sun-sales-decline-unaffected-second-full-month-without-page-three

The Sun Publisher

http://www.news.co.uk/what-we-do/the-sun/

This image illustrates the only three magazines that ‘News UK’ publishes and the sub categories within each news paper. News UK are a journalists academy who spread world news throughout the three newspapers ‘The Sun’ (most popular in the UK), ‘The Times’ and ‘Sunday Times’ the most respected)

Free Sheet, Tabloid and Broadsheet readership

https://www.clicky.co.uk/2013/08/the-uks-most-read-online-newspapers-june-2013/

As you can see from this pie chart, only 9% of the public read ‘The Sun’ and that most people actually get their news from the newspaper ‘The mail’ which is now also online. The public choose to get their news via ‘mail online’ most because it is much more convenient for those with a busy lifestyle as its not only accessible on computers or laptops but on phones, so people can access the news anywhere at any time. The biggest bonus that I think would be the other main reason, is that it’s free.However, ‘The Metro’ (which is free) only has 2% of the public’s attention, even though it is free, this could be because this particular magazine may not be respected as much, and the stories could be blown out of proportion or from unreliable sources.

Target Audience • Demographics The demographics of the audience is the ‘E’ group,

because most of the advertisements in the newspaper were about discounts, saving money and films as well (because you would expect to see someone in a higher class going to see a play instead for example). This is because someone who is of a higher class (typically with more money) would much rather prefer to go to an opera or a play than the cinema, and who have more money o they wouldn’t need to work about saving, discounts on clothes and cheap phone deals.

Target Audience • PsychographicsThe Psychographics of the

audience would be mainstreamers or strugglers. This audience typically prefers value for money on big and well known brands, would buy lottery tickets, unhealthy food and take-outs as well as alcohol.

Target Audience • Uses and Gratifications (Katz)

The readers may be able to ‘personally identify’ with ‘The Sun’ newspaper because they can read about real-life stories which have happened to the public, as well as pages like Agony Aunt, talking about the public’s personal problems that a lot of people could relate to. Furthermore, the newspaper ‘entertains’ the audience through stories and images which allows them to ‘escape’ from reality.

The newspaper would ‘educate’ the audience by including new and interesting information about politics and maybe celebrities which you would be able to find out from the news.

Maslow• Maslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsThe audience of this category would be ‘social

climbers’ because they would read this newspaper to gain new information that others might not know, allowing them to climb up in the social hierarchy. They would also be ‘explorers’ because they like being updated with new news every day including ‘survivors’ because they like the routine of the paper being released at the same time each week and being able to rely on it for information and entertainment.

Hartley

• The typical age and gender of the newspaper would be males (but also females) who’re in the each group of 18+, because of page 3 models and the multiple sports pages at the back and would typically be known as a ‘white van man’ working in middle class (because of the content that is produced in the magazine).

‘The Sun’ Newspaper front

cover

“Cowards” and “bottles it”- informal language- making fun of parliament members

“Sexy Bey’s glam dunk”- informal language will appeal to a younger target audience and refers to sport as well as glam- for male and female target audiences

Masthead- simple bold font so readers can easily identify the name of the magazine as well as the red utopian background and white font again making the masthead stand out.

“BRITAIN’s BEST-SELLING NEWSPAPER”- anchorage text

Secondary lead

Front cover continued…

Lead story- the denotation of the lead story ‘Cowards’ seems to be making fun of the government who’re trying to make a serious decision. This would appeal to younger readers who like a laugh or those who want to

“Just 40p!”- saying to the readers how cheap the newspaper is, so that they feel they have to get it because of the good price.

“Exclusive”- denotes that the stories and information in this news paper is special and different from the others, so this newspapers should be the one that we buy, as we wont find anything else as good. The Copy- not in as big writing but is still a bold font. The sentence is underlined to possibly denote that it is slightly more serious and important but the word ‘COWARDS’ in bold and capitals gets the reader’s attention.

“See page 7”- tells readers which page are certain stories so they can access what they want quicker.

‘The Sun’ double page spread

Page number and date- the page number is in the top corner of the page as when readers are flicking through they will easily be able to see what page it is and what is most recent because the date in which the issue was released is also on the top.

Main Headline- “Blitz ‘em to hell”- very small but powerful sentence which summarizes the situation and how it is effecting everyone.

The Copy- these give extracts of the article which gives the reader a very small bit of information so the can decide whether they want to read on or not. Main Image- a very

emotional image of mothers with their children/ babies and people with guns behind them, as well as a map which outlines the numbers of refugees in different parts of the country who’re trying to flee, which gets the reader’s attention to make them want to read the article.

News Values- the news values (Galtung & Ruge) which relate to this double page spread are ‘Negativity’ because it involves bad news/ political upheaval, ‘Recency’ because this story is breaking news, ‘Continuity’ because there is constant movement on this subject (of the refugees), ‘Elite Nations or People’ because it involves the government and is a very important story and finally ‘Size’ because the story is huge and has great values.

http://mediaknowall.com/gcse/news/news.php?pageID=values

News Values (Galtung and Ruge)

For the main headline of this page the have used Simon Cowell’s ‘Britain's Got Talent’ as a pun to say Britain’s got… to change. This puts a humorous effect on the page and makes it seem much more interesting to reach. There is a lot more emphasis on the title rather than the actual story, which is only in a small box. When people first look at the page they see a big picture of Simon, making them interested to know why he is in the paper.

‘Britain's got…. To Change’- personality as he is very well known, negativity because they want to change, elite people because he is a very powerful person which is also connected to mass appeal because he is known world wide. This story is a type of ‘hard’ news because it’s important to the readers in contrast with ‘soft’ news, which is less serious, for example on the next slide of a front cover.

News Values (Galtung and Ruge)

In the sub story colloquial language has been used from the verbal code who got ‘bitchy’ at the ball? The language used is very informal that is stereotypical towards the newspaper. Furthermore, is not actually a relevant story, which would appeal to the ‘nn’ demographic audience. Like I said on the previous slide, this story is known as ‘soft’ news because its gossip, rather than important politics issues (‘hard’ news).

The ‘2 FREE Tickets’ appeals to the audience (especially the younger generation) because they won’t have as much money as others who are from an upper class or may earn more.

According the Galtung and Ruge the sub story in terms of news values is Negativity and Personalities because of the language used and also because they are quite well known people which many people will talk about.

Products promoted within ‘The Sun’ newspaper

There of course were many more adverts and repeats of other adverts that have already been stated as well. Most of these advert are targeted to adults and preferably males, because its mainly men who watch the National Geographic (but women too), Men normally shop at Wickes for their DIY needs. Men also typical watch the bonds films as they more action-filled (but again woman still watch it). However, there is an advertisement for the X-Factor, which woman tend to watch more than men. The other adverts listed are mainly banks and broadband services, which can be targeted at both male and female audiences who are mainly working class, as they adverts promote sales.

Advertising and marketing

The advertisement starts off with builders reading the newspaper and working, which is then when a helicopter is on its way. This portrays the target audience of the newspaper (working class). This makes the members of public look up to see what it is, only to find multiple helicopters releasing hundreds of footballs (football is a sport more preferred by the working class rather than those who’re in a upper class that may prefer golf, for example). The advert then reveals that it is girls in the helicopters who would typical be on ‘page 3’ of the newspaper, which also attracts the target audience, with the girls having a ‘The Sun’ logo on their jackets, clearly portraying who and what the advert is about.

Advertising and marketingAll of the public and workers then start to join in together and play football, bringing the public together and enjoying each other’s companies. The roads end up being completely filled with footballs, so a man decides to climb onto the top of a bus and jump into the footballs, while a voiceover says “When you love football this much, you just wanna share it with the world.” the last part of the advert displays a football behind the sun logo in outer space, making the football look like a planet. This could connote that The Sun will out out of this world. The voiceover then says: “Paper, Online, Mobile. The Sun. We love it.” These final verbal codes are part of the last image on the screen, giving the audience a visual memory of what he says so that they can always picture it. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8oip7cYCK-0

Advertising on Social Media

‘The Sun’ has their own Facebook page where they share stories which people would want to know and what would appear in the newspaper. You can also click on the story to find out more information about it on their website. Not only do they share news stories, but also stories which are less serious, making the newspaper more interesting and fun to read.

file://localhost/.file/id=7602300.365/

Website AnalysisThis is the homepage for ‘The Sun’ newspaper. As you can see it has a very simple layout so is easy for the audience to follow. It has the house style of the newspaper displayed throughout the website and the most recent stories can always be found at the top.

On the website there is much more of a variety of stories and which are less important than others, for example stories about gossip of couples. The second story to the right relies on ‘Visual Imperatives’ (Galtung & Ruge) by using a picture of a blonde woman in a bra to help “sell” the story.

Website Analysis

Citizen Journalism (Gillmor – 2004)- You can share the website on Facebook and Twitter

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Navigation bar- Home; Football; Sport; TV& Showbiz; Video; Perks: to get to certain stories quicker and easier. For example, if a ‘White Van Man’ wanted the latest news about the football scores then he can get to it straight away instead of having to scroll through stories that he might not want to read about.

Website Analysis

Citizen Journalism (Gillmor- 2004) – a ‘hard’ news story which you can share on three different types of social media.

Citizen Journalism (Gillmor- 2004)- at the bottom of the page anyone who has their own account with The Sun can comment on the story, people can then reply to the comments, share them or recommend the comment to a friend.This in itself adds to the ‘magnitude of the story and encourages interactivity amongst the readership.

The Sun- content

• The Sun newspaper is a tabloid.• The genre of ‘The Sun’ is General News.• The frequency of the newspaper is daily.• Their circulation is 300,512.• Their readership is 650,000.

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The Sun- content

• The news section in my newspaper seems to be at the front, so the most important news will be outlined clearly as it will be the first pages and stories that the readers will want to read.

• However at the back of the newspaper, less important and non-government related stories like sports and the goals that were made can be found at the back, clearly outlining which stories should be read first.

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The Sun- content

The front of the newspaper..

And the back…

Comparison of hard copy and online

On the website, there is easy access to social media website links and you can sign up for a free account with them so that you can get the news updates before others. Also on the website there are many more stories and you can search for specific stories, whereas in the newspaper you are limited as to what information you get.

Because of the limited content in the hard copy, more important stories are added, whereas on the website there are much more explicit stories as celebrities care more about popularity and competition between other celebrities than privacy.

However, buying a hard copy of the newspaper is much easier for those who’re travelling, because its not always easy to read big stories on small smartphone screens and many will have to pay for the data to access the internet.

News Values (Galtung and Ruge)

• The news values of this online story is human interest and scandal. Human interest because when reading the story the reader might feel emotional towards someone in the story or be able to relate themselves. Scandal because a story about a woman cheating on someone is scandalous.

News Values (Galtung and Ruge)

The news values for this page (hard copy) are: conflict, because they’re talking about air strikes on a country; threshold/magnitude, because it is quite a big event; negativity, as the news being shared on the page is negative; personality, because it involves famous and important people for example David Cameron; human interest, it can involve the reader emotionally if they are against what others are doing/ saying; running story because the story is being covered for a few days as new information is shared and finally mass appeal, because there are a lot of people who will want to read all about this story because it is important.

News Selection Overview

The content in The Sun is organized in a way so that the most important stories like politics are at the front, where people will start to read first. The less important stories like football updates and gossip are at the back because they don’t have to be read first. The stories at the back of the newspaper are typically aimed at ‘White Van Men’ demographic working in the middle class, as the language used to describe the stories (and there are a lot of sports stories which not a lot of women would find an interest in) is something that would appeal to more men. Use of a Pun to pull

in the stereotypical reader who expect soft news over hard news.