UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction...
Transcript of UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction...
![Page 1: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
UNDERKEEL CLEARANCESHIP SQUAT & TIDES
BEST NAVIGATION PRACTICES
![Page 2: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
DEFINITION OF SQUAT
REDUCTION OF UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE (UKC) CAUSED BY A SHIP’S MOVEMENT THROUGH
THE WATER.
(IT IS NOT AN INCREASE IN DRAFT. RATHER, IT IS THE BODILY SINKAGE OF A VESSEL WHICH PLACES IT CLOSER TO THE SEA BOTTOM.)
![Page 3: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
STATIC DRAFT + SQUAT
![Page 4: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SQUAT FACTS
• Cᵦ >.7 (bulker) squats by bow. Cᵦ < .7 squats by stern
• Squat varies directly with breadth (doubling breadth doubles squat)
• Squat varies by the square of speed (doubling speed quadruples squat)
• Squat can be doubled when meeting another ship
![Page 5: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
SQUAT FORMULAE
![Page 6: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
BEST GENERAL FORMULA
V squared/100= Smeters
Speed=6KTS
36/100=.36 meter squat
Speed=12kts
144/100= 1.44 meter squatDoubling the speed quadruples the squat
![Page 7: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
HULL TYPESBLOCK COEFFICIENT (C )
![Page 8: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
LARGE BLOCK HULLC > .7
![Page 9: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
FINER HULLC < .7
![Page 10: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
VARIOUS SQUAT FORMULAE YIELD SIMILAR CONCLUSIONS
![Page 11: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
SQUAT PREDICTIONS
![Page 12: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
TIDAL CONSIDERATIONSZERO TIDE
![Page 13: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TIDE +4 FEET
![Page 14: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
TIDE +8 FEET
![Page 15: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
TIDAL CONSIDERATIONSUSING TIDE TO GOOD ADVANTAGE
• NOAA’S “PORTS” TOOL ONLINE
• LOCAL KNOWLEDGE OF PILOTS
• CREDIBLE PREDICTIONS OF METIORILOGICAL FACTORS ON TIDES (NOAA’S FORECAST PROGRAM)
![Page 21: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
NOAA’S OPERATIONAL FORECAST SYSTEM
![Page 22: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
OPERATIONAL FORECAST SYSTEMSCREEN SHOT 7/24/11
![Page 23: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
NOAA’S PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHIC REAL-TIME SYSTEM (PORTS)
SCREEN SHOT 7/24/11
![Page 24: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
NOAA’S SEARCHABLE STATIONS www.tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov
![Page 25: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
PORTS COMPOSIT PAGECHESAPEAKE CITY, MD
![Page 26: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
PORTS AIRGAP OBSERVATIONSC&D CANAL
![Page 27: UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE SHIP SQUAT & TIDES CLEARANCE... · 2011-07-24 · definition of squat reduction of underkeel clearance (ukc) aused y a ship’s movement through the water. (it](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062219/5fb869d9799c3747ee37a769/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Association of Maryland Pilots
“H” FLAGPILOT ON BOARD