Discovery and linking integrity: do we need to talk about KEV?

Dom BensonElectronic Resources Librarian

Brunel University LondonUKSG Breakout Session - Group D

12 April 2016 4 PM13 April 2016 11 AM

Or room 404

Brunel Library’s context

Medium-sized university in west London2004 TDNet Journal Manager (A to Z list)2008 Webfeat federated search, 360 Link2011 Summon discovery, same link resolver2015 Summon 2.0, 360 Link 2.02016 Full review of systems

What is OpenURL Linking?ANSI/NISO Z39.88-2004 (R2010) The OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive ServicesOriginally developed from 1998 onwards by Herbert Van de Sompel and Patrick Hoshstenbach at Ghent University, eventually leading to the release of SFX (now an Ex Libris product)

The following slides from Herbert Van de Sompel’s Harvard presentation are available on the web at: http://public.lanl.gov/herbertv/presentations/OpenURL-hvds.ppt two slides used here, with thanks!

Z39.88-2004The OpenURL Framework

forContext-Sensitive Services

Herbert Van de SompelLos Alamos National Laboratory

Thanks for the nice slides:Oliver Pesch

Chief Architect, EBSCO Publishing

KEV ContextObject, Inline OpenURL

HTTP Transport

http://lib.example.edu/resolver.cgi

http://lib.example.edu/resolver.cgi?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_tim=2003-10-25&url_ctx_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&

http://lib.example.edu/resolver.cgi?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&url_tim=2003-10-25&url_ctx_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&

Referent

ResolverReferrer

Administrative

rfr_id=info:sid/InfoSource.com&

rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal rft.genre=article&rft.title=Journal of Banking and Finance&rft.issn=0378-4266&rft.date=2000-03&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=395&rft.aulast=Narayanan&rft.aufirst=Ranga&rft.atitle=Insider Trading and the Voluntary Disclosure of Information by Firms&

res_id=http://lib.example.edu/resolver.cgi

ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_tim=2003-10-26&

What is KEV?

KEV stands for Keys and (URL-)Encoded ValuesXML is an alternativeThese entities serialise the ContextObject in an URL with the metadata packaged up inline to provide an OpenURL link to transport the user to an appropriate copy (if available)Part of the NISO Z39.88-2004 standard, also known as OpenURL 2.0

Do we need to talk about KEV?

Yes!• In many cases the appropriate copy is still

obtained via OpenURL linking using KEV or XML• However, some discovery targets are now

reached via an alternative method, Index-Enhanced Direct LinkingTM or IEDL, because OpenURL linking is prone to failure for a number of reasons, as we shall see later...

What is Index-Enhanced Direct LinkingTM?

IEDL technology is employed as an enhancement to 360 LinkIt works alongside OpenURL-based linkersUnderpinned by an authoritative knowledgebaseTo return verified links to the content from different sourcesThereby increasing the probability of a successful link

IEDLTM in a nutshell

A bit more on IEDL

. Deployed on both Summon’s unified index and on 360 Link

. Eliminates potential OpenURL failure points by avoiding common metadata mismatches between referring sources and targets. Authoritative knowledgebase constantly updated with provider-specific metadata. IEDL links provide direct, unmediated, verified, one-click access to more than half a billion journal articles, ebooks, digital collections and other content types thereby increasing the probability of a successful link. Similar idea to EBSCOhost’s SmartLinksTM technology

Discovery in practice

So much for the theory, there follows some examples of: • Discovery, Summon 2.0• 360 Link 2.0, with right hand helper window

Discovery in practice

Example 1: Link 2.0 OpenURLRecord 3: ScienceDirectMorales, M.J., Figueiredo e Silva, Rosaline C, Lobato, L.M., Gomes, S.D., Gomes, C.C.C.O. & Banks, D.A. 2016, "Metal source and fluid–rock interaction in the Archean BIF-hosted Lamego gold mineralization: Microthermometric and LA-ICP-MS analyses of fluid inclusions in quartz veins, Rio das Velhas greenstone belt, Brazil", Ore Geology Reviews, vol. 72, pp. 510-531.

http://cm7ly9cu9w.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Metal+source+and+fluid%E2%80%93rock+interaction+in+the+Archean+BIF-hosted+Lamego+gold+mineralization%3A+Microthermometric+and+LA-ICP-MS+analyses+of+fluid+inclusions+in+quartz+veins%2C+Rio+das+Velhas+greenstone+belt%2C+Brazil&rft.jtitle=Ore+Geology+Reviews&rft.au=Morales%2C+Milton+J&rft.au=Figueiredo+e+Silva%2C+Rosaline+C&rft.au=Lobato%2C+Lydia+M&rft.au=Gomes%2C+Sylvio+D&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.issn=0169-1368&rft.eissn=1872-7360&rft.volume=72&rft.spage=510&rft.epage=531&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.oregeorev.2015.08.009&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_oregeorev_2015_08_009&paramdict=en-UK

Example 1: OpenURL with 360 Link 2.0

Example 2: IEDL permalinkhttp://brunel.preview.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/search?bookMark=ePnHCXMw42JgAfZbUxkgE4iGBpb6nq6-zpDBC9AUGLABzwzqPVuAjiY3tozggA2IGIC2aBoacTK0BOQkgrb4KABbbQrp-TkpigoawF61QhJoREtTQVehPCOxRCEHWBAA40UB6AAF6KCFQi58xYgC-M4FBdAWDQVgIQcaalMAnf-rUIBYjq8ADMXcYoXMPAVgU0sB3IkE2Qrag5Voz82g4uYa4uyhC7pyJb4AcvJDvAG4TWVmApqNTE1NTDUmWpkCNmXQ8IgvSEkzBgAW5l6P

Record 1: IEEE XploreHancock, D.J. 2005, "Playing for gold! (and black) - what lessons can project management learn from extreme high performance teams in the sporting arena?", Proceedings. 2005 IEEE International Engineering Management Conference, Sept. 11-13 2005, pp. 324.http://ieeexplore.ieee.org.ezproxy.brunel.ac.uk/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1559144&tag=1

Best practice for multiplatform copies

SpecialDOIlandingpage!

The publisher’s perspective

Over toJulie Zhu

Discovery Service Relations ManagerIEEE

Linking integritySome not so good examples showing linking failures due to bad metadata, poor publisher transfers, title changes, lack of linkers at the link resolver or OpenURL compliance at the publisher’s end, and so on • Broken links• Link rotLiterature indicates a failure rate of between 5% - 30% (or higher) depending on the content type and target – Trainor and Price agreed with the latter figure in their Library Technology Report

Broken links

Image courtesy of David Castillo Dominici at FreeDigitalPhotos.net

Link 2.0 special case: Ebooks at EBSCOhost

Broken links

Broken links

http://brunel.preview.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/search?ho=t&l=en-UK&q=PIE-J,%20Presentation%20and%20Identification%20of%20E-Journals:%20what%E2%80%99s%20the%20point%3F

Record 1 fails, record 2 is okay

Example – no OpenURL compliance following transfer?

Insights – the UKSG journal has transferred from the defunct MetaPress platform:http://cm7ly9cu9w.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Key+Issue%3A+PIE-J%2C+Presentation+and+Identification+of+E-Journals%3A+what%27s+the+point%3F&rft.jtitle=Insights&rft.au=Regina+Romano+Reynolds&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft.pub=United+Kingdom+Serials+Group+%28UKSG%29&rft.eissn=2048-7754&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=311&rft.externalDocID=3137124011&paramdict=en-UKto Ubiquity Press (Open publishing platform) at: http://insights.uksg.org/articles/10.1629/2048-7754.72/

Left hand frame fails to load – open in new tab

Example – another transfer problem

http://brunel.preview.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/search?ho=t&l=en-UK&q=Broken-Link%20Reports%20from%20SFX%20Users:%20How%20Publishers,%20Vendors%20and%20Libraries%20Can%20Do%20Better

Record 1: Chen, X. 2012, "Broken-Link Reports from SFX Users: How Publishers, Vendors and Libraries Can Do Better", Serials Review, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 222.

OpenURL failure: rft.pub mismatchhttp://cm7ly9cu9w.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Broken-Link+Reports+from+SFX+Users%3A+How+Publishers%2C+Vendors+and+Libraries+Can+Do+Better&rft.jtitle=Serials+Review&rft.au=Chen%2C+Xiaotian&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+B.V&rft.issn=0098-7913&rft.eissn=1879-095X&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=222&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.serrev.2012.09.002&rft.externalDBID=BSHEE&rft.externalDocID=311408599&paramdict=en-UK Article now resides at:http://www-tandfonline-com.ezproxy.brunel.ac.uk/doi/abs/10.1080/00987913.2012.10765470

Link Rot

SEO: Avoiding link rot with your aging website . Available at: http://www.elite-strategies.com/avoiding-link-rot-website/

(Accessed: 4/10/2016 2016).

Link Rot"You may not realize it but in websites all over the world, backlinks are rotting faster than a honey tomato in the bottom drawer of your refrigerator."...[the] website now has several “broken links” and has lost some SEO value. This is link rot in its purest and most simple form."In short, link rot is generally frowned upon because:• it can cause confusion / annoyance• bad for UX in general• could lead to ranking issues• lost customers, they might go somewhere else"

SEO: Avoiding link rot with your aging website . Available at: http://www.elite-strategies.com/avoiding-link-rot-website/ (Accessed: 4/10/2016 2016).

Another poor example of a transfer

Journal of Energy Institute http://brunel.preview.summon.serialssolutions.com/#!/search?ho=t&rf=PublicationDate,*:2013-12-31&l=en-UK&q=%28PublicationTitle:%28Journal%20of%20Energy%20Institute%29%29 The DOIs for articles published prior to 2014 are dead ends at Ingenta Connect

What does the evidence say?

"Mind the Gap", Waterloo station, on the Bakerloo line of the London Underground.Date June 2008 Source Own work (Photo personnelle) Author Clicsouris Available at:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bakerloo_line_-_Waterloo_-_Mind_the_gap.jpg(Accessed: 4/10/2016 2016).

Is IEDL closing the gap?

• Investigated the top 100 queries from 2015• Linked to the first two online items per query• Noted linking for IEDL / OpenURL / failure per

database target

Results – OpenURL or mixed linking

Results – IEDL only targets

Findings

While only a small sample, the 200 data points show:• IEDL seems to be reducing the rate of linking failure• Some targets may employ both forms of linking• Discovery and IEDL may promote ebook usage• OpenURL linking failure to certain content types,

open access targets (DOAJ and World Bank), and and aggregated databases is still prevalent

What else can be done?

• Optimise your subscribed content (KB+ ++)• Report every instance of a bad link to

provider /publisher• Push for all standards and recommendations

underpinning discovery and linking to be implemented – such as IOTA, KBART, PIE-J…

To be or not to be?

Keeping track of title changes is one of the key components of KBARTThere follows an example where a title change is not tracked by a publisher Leading to a confusion of which ISSN should be passed in the OpenURL outbound linkLeading to a linking failure on the inbound link

To be or not to be? 2

This runs counter to the PIE-J standard The publisher stated CONSER rules do not require minor title changes to be trackedUp to 2009: European Journal of HousingFrom 2010: International Journal of HousingPIE-J should trump CONSER to maintain best practices for presentation of ejournals

PIE-J recommendations

• Journal title and citation information• Title changes and title history• ISSN• Enumeration and chronology systems• Publication information• Access to content• Preservation of content digitised from print

KBART holdings - no variant title or entry for European Journal of Housing Policy

Can lead to confusion…

…or even a broken link

And finally…Future steps / tools:• Use LibX to enable linking via COinS (Context in Spans – builds links

via ISSN, ISBN, DOI, PMID, etc – see also Jill Grogg’s Innovative uses of the OpenURL; Cindi Trainor’s and Jason Price’s The future of OpenURL linking: adaptation and expansionn)

• IEDL from traffic analysis of broken links (developed by Gordon Welchman at Bletchley Park, also developer of early cloud applications)

• Future proof your OpenURL resolver: UK institutions should register on the OpenURL Router at JISC Edina (see also OCLC OpenURL Registry / WorldCat Registry)

LibX toolbar for Chrome and Firefox

Built with the edition builder developed by Annette Bailey and Godmar Back at: http://libx.org/

COinS 1 – Summon’s right hand pane links out via DOI

COinS 2 – LibX add-on puts COinS links onto Link 2.0 right hand helper frame

Before LibX add-on installed After

COinS 3 – extending Link 2.0

LibX JournalTOCs LibX DOI lookup

OpenURL Router registry at JISC Edina

Sources and resourcesChen, X. ‘show hidden excel cellBroken-Link Reports from SFX Users: How Publishers, Vendors and Libraries Can Do Better’ Serials Review, 38(4) 222-227.Grogg, J.E. 2006 'Innovative Uses of the OpenURL', Library Technology Reports, 42(1), pp. 35.Hirst, T. 2011, Another blooming look at Gource and the Edina OpenURL data. Available at: https://blog.ouseful.info/2011/06/08/another-blooming-look-at-gource-and-the-edina-openurl-data/ (Accessed:12/4/2016).JISC. KB Plus public export. Available at: https://www.kbplus.ac.uk/kbplus/publicExport JISC Edina. About the OpenURL Router. Available at: http://openurl.ac.uk/doc/ (Accessed:12/ 4/2016).Klemperer, K. Best practices for presentation of e journals part 2. Charleston Conference, 4 Nov., 2011. Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/twissbrooks/best-practices-for-presentation-of-e-journals-part-2 (Accessed: 12/4/2016)

Sources and resourcesNISO. ANSI/NISO Z39.88-2004 (R2010) The OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive Services. Available at: http://www.niso.org/apps/group_public/project/details.php?project_id=82OCLC Research. OpenURL Registry. Available at: http://www.oclc.org/research/activities/registry.html Trainor, C. and Price, J. (2010) 'Chapter 4: the future of OpenURL linking: adaptation and expansion', Library Technology Reports, 46(7), pp. 27.Twiss-Brooks, A. Best practices for presentation of e journals part 1. Charleston Conference, 4 Nov., 2011. Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/twissbrooks/best-practices-for-presentation-of-e-journals-part-1 (Accessed: 12/4/2016)Van de Sompel, H. Z39.88-2004The OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive Services. Available at: http://public.lanl.gov/herbertv/presentations/OpenURL-hvds.ppt (Accessed: 12/4/2016)

Questions?

Thank you!

Dom BensonElectronic Resources Librarian

Brunel University London UB8 3PH

dominic.benson@brunel.ac.uk