Ubiquitous Computing A Look Into Everyware
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Transcript of Ubiquitous Computing A Look Into Everyware
Ubiquitous ComputingA Look Into Everyware
By Eric Miller
Key Terms
• Ubiquitous – Present, appear, or found everywhere (omnipresent)
• Context - Info that relates to an entity• Ontology – Knowledge as a set of concepts
within a domain, and their relationships
What is Ubiquitous Computing?
• Post-desktop model of human-computer interactions
• NOT virtual reality• Seamlessly
interconnected world
Relative Terms
• Pervasive Computing• Ambient Intelligence• Everyware
Daddy?
• Mark Weiser– Father of Ubiquitous Computing– From Harvey, Illinois– Chief Scientist at PARC– Coined Ubiquitous Computing in 1988– Wrote “The Computer for the 21st Century”
• Interesting views
Weiser
• Three forms of Ubiquitous Computing devices– Tabs– Pads– Boards
• Three more since– Dust– Skin– Clay
Goals
• Natural Interaction• Ease of Life• Reliable and accessible Information
“The most profound technologies are the ones that disappear. They weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are undistinguishable from it.” – Mark Weiser
Smart Devices
• Needs– Remote Access– Power– Adapt– Scale
• Wants– Extends Needs– Fast– Anywhere– Anytime– Highly Mobile
Smart Devices
• Device Independence• Application Independence• Adaptively and Adaptability• Collective Operation
Context
• Dynamic Context– Rates of Change– Evolution
• Relational Context– Time– Person to person
Context
• User Context• Device Context• Application Context• Information Context• Environmental Context• Time Context• Historical Context• Relational Context
Context
• Computers– Gather Data– Aggregate Data– Running
Calculations
• Humans– Defining Contexts– Determine What is
Important
• Both– Misunderstandings– Imperfect
Context Management
• Context Modeling• Capturing• Abstraction/Reasoning– One-to-One– Context Fusion– Context Fission
• Dissemination
Context Aware Systems
• Able to sense their environment– Where You Are– Who You’re With– Nearby Resources
• High Development Overheads• Strong Barriers• Lack of Infrastructure
Semantic Web
• Provides common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across application, enterprise, and community boundaries. – W3C
• Would aid greatly to Context Aware Systems• Developed with Ontology Oriented
Programming
Location Awareness
• Devices that sense your or their location– Passive or Active
• GPS– Giving Directions
• Warehouse• Provides Comfort
Sentient Computing
• Uses sensors to perceive its environment and react accordingly
• Uses world model and location awareness
• Sentient – Able to perceive or feel things
E-Learning
• In Classroom• Out of Classroom• Can be self paced or instructor led
Ontology Oriented Programming
• Go!• Ontological Programming
Challenges
• Anticipating future trends• Meeting future needs• Proximate Future• Infrastructure• Possible?• Security
• Proximate Future– Always a next step
• Currently Living It– Mobile technology– Different from what was expected
• You Decide
Singapore
• Road Payment System• Text-a-Taxi
Infrastructure
• Will it Work?– Re-usability– Manageability– Accessibility– Durability
• Out of Date Machines• Power Issues• Data Storage
Possible?• Tupac Hologram• Accurate Interactions
Security
• Is it wanted?• How Invasive?• Law Changes?• Restrictions• Law Enforcement
Examples
• Coffee Cup• Refrigerator• Automated Lighting• Automated Electronics• Augmented Reality• Examples
Augmented Reality
• Layar• GPS
Augmented Reality
Augmented Reality
Augmented Reality
Conclusions
• Role of user must be very clearly understood• Role of environment must be understood• Current infrastructure must be expanded to
support context aware systems• Major developments in Ontology Oriented
Programming must be made first• Must clearly define objects to not get lost in
“proximate future” loop
Questions?
Sources• http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1472-6947-8-26.pdf • http
://www.ics.uci.edu/~jpd/ubicomp/BellDourish-YesterdaysTomorrows.pdf
• http://ojs.academypublisher.com/index.php/jsw/article/view/04099921013/1431
• http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~aura/docdir/pcs01.pdf• http://www.utdallas.edu/~
muratk/courses/privacy08f_files/location_privacy_pervasive_computing.pdf
• http://csce.uark.edu/~nilanb/teaching/papers/kindberg.pdf