UBCG presentation revised final MONGOLIA.ppt · 2015-01-30 · 12/11/2013 2 I. Introduction of...

12/11/2013

1

ULAANBAATAR CITY GROUP (UBCG)

Meeting on Environmental Statistics, 2-4 December, Bangkok, Thailand

B.BADAMTSETSEG, Director of Macro EconomicStatistics Department

OUTLINEOUTLINE

I. Introduction of UBCGI. Introduction of UBCG

II. Responsibilities of countries and international organizations

III. Main activities of UBCG

IV. Set of indicators for measuring the impact of mining sectormining sector

V. Future activities

12/11/2013

2


- The UBCG is a joint initiative of the Mongolian andAustralian NSOs;

- UBCG on Statistics for Economies based on NaturalResources was established (UNSC 43th session,2012);

12 countries and 2 IO joined SC and 13 countries and- 12 countries and 2 IO joined SC and 13 countries and2 IO joined EG (still open for countries!!).


Main goals of the UBCG:

- Play a leading role in developing methodological andpractical guidelines and recommendations by poolingbest theoretical and methodological practices;

- Serve as a platform for sharing the expertise ofnational and international statistical organizations andother interested parties;

12/11/2013

3


Main goals of the UBCG (cont.d): g ( )- Collaborate with the UN and other agencies on

developing and improving statistical methodologiesand standards for statistics on natural resources andprovide support in this area;

- Develop practical manuals and recommendations thatensure coverage, reliability, accuracy and relevance ofstatistical data that are based on best practices.


Four work streams were defined;

Work stream 1: Develop a harmonized system of standard indicators for data collection

Work stream 2: Assess the impact of the mining industry on economies and develop practicalindustry on economies and develop practical recommendations;

12/11/2013

4


Wo k st eam 3 De elop methodologies and Work stream 3: Develop methodologies andindicators for assessing the impact of miningindustry on the social sector;

Work stream 4: Develop practical recommendations for measuring the impact of the mining industry on hthe environment.

II. Responsibilities of countries and II. Responsibilities of countries and international organizationsinternational organizations

Workstream 1Indicators

Workstream 2Economic impactIndicators

• Mongolia • Russia • UNIDO

p• Australia • CISTAT • Kazakhstan • Russia – (National

Accounts/Enterprise) • Iran

Workstream 3 Workstream 4 Social impact • Madagascar • Azerbaijan • Mexico • Kazakhstan • India

Environmental impact • China • Norway • Brazil • Vietnam

12/11/2013

5

III. Main activities of UBCGIII. Main activities of UBCG

The 1st meeting of the Group (20-22 August 2012,Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia);

Expanded Meeting of Group as a side event of the 44thsession of UNSC (25 Feb 2013, United Nations, NewYork);

The 1st Meeting of the Expert Group (19-20 June 2013,Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia);

A video conference of the Expert Group (20 June A video conference of the Expert Group (20 June2013);

The 2nd meeting of Steering Committee (17-18September 2013, Moscow, Russian Federation)

IV. Set of indicators for measuring the IV. Set of indicators for measuring the impact of mining sectorimpact of mining sector

- Mongolia drafted the set of statistical indicators (total214 indicators) to measure the impact of the miningindustry on the economy, society and environment;

- Above mentioned indicators were introduced andsupported during the regular Steering Committee andExpert group meetings.

12/11/2013

6

V. Future activitiesV. Future activities

- Hold an expanded meeting of UBCG during the 45thSession of the UN Statistical Commission in 2014;;

- Make a greater use of information technology such asvideo conferences and e-mails forconsultation/discussion of the Steering Committee andExpert Group;

- Provide support and stimulate activities of workstreams;streams;

- Prepare the manual with relevant cases and countrypractices and obtain suggestions of the group on thetitle of the manual.

THANK YOU FOR YOURTHANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Government Building IIIBaga Toiruu-44Ulaanbaatar 20а MongoliaUlaanbaatar-20а, MongoliaTel: (976)-51-263152Fax: (976)-11-324518 E-mail: [email protected]: http://web.nso.mn/ub_city_group/

12/11/2013

7

APPENDEX

The statistical indicators to measure the

impact of the mining industry on

the economy,

the social sector

the environment

I. The statistical indicators to measure the impact of the mining industry on the economy

Measurement issues Appropriate indicators Rationale, definition

1. Measurement of mining - Total production of mining - Total production of the mining

production in terms of

quantity and value;

products, by value

- Total production of mining

products, by quantity

- Total production of mining

products by commodity

industry is total value of the

mining products produced in

current period.

2. Measurement of prices of

mineral commodities and

- Export and import unit price

of mining productsmineral commodities and

the impact of mineral prices

on the terms of trade, as

well as mining‐induced

terms of trade impacts on

the rest of the economy;

of mining products

- Export and import price index

of mining products

- Terms of trade index (ratio of

export price index to import

price index) *

12/11/2013

8



3. Measurement of

intermediate

consumption in the

A. Fuel and electricity:

- Consumption of energy in the mining

industry, value and quantity

Intermediate consumption

consists of the value of the goods

and services consumed as inputsp

mining industry,

including energy

inputs;

y, q y

‐ Fuel by type

‐ Electricity

‐Purchased

‐From own production

B. Water:

- Consumption of the water in mining

industry, by volume and by source

‐ Surface water

‐ Ground water

p

by a process of mining

production. Of which, the cost of

energy consists of value of the

electricity and thermal energy

consumed in the production

process.

- Share of the consumption of water in

mining industry to total consumption of

water *

C. Purchase of materials and chemicals by

type (CPC) quantity and value:

‐Payment for services



4. Measurement of mining - Total income of the mining Mining gross operating surplus is the

gross operating surplus; industry

- Total expenditure of the mining

industry

difference between total income and

expenditure or income before tax of

the mining activity at the current

period.

5. Measurement of mining

inventories;

- Fuels

- Materials and supplies

- Work in progress

Fi i h d d

Inventories are produced assets that

consist of goods and services, which

came into existence in the current

i d i li i d d- Finished goods

- Goods for resale

period or in an earlier period, and

that are held for sale, use in

production or other use at a later

date.

12/11/2013

9


6. Measurement of mining

fixed capital investment (for

example, current and expected

di i l k

Value of gross fixed capital formation by type:

- Dwellings

- Other buildings and structures

- Machinery and equipment

Fixed assets are tangible or

intangible assets used repeatedly

or continuously in processes of

d i f h


expenditure, capital stock,

capital services, consumption

of fixed capital expenditure)

- Machinery and equipment

o Off‐train / locomotive, wagon etc./

o Vehicle and rolling stock

Heavy vehicle for mining

transportation,

Heavy mechanism for

mining activity

Other transport equipment

- Cultivated biological resources

- Costs of ownership transfer on non‐

produced assets

production for more than one

year.

- Research and development

- Mineral exploration and evaluation

- Computer software and databases

- Entertainment, literary or artistic

originals

- Other intellectual property products


7. Measurement of - Portfolio investment is defined as cross


financial investment

(including foreign

investment, both direct

and portfolio) and

associated incomes,

including retained

earnings;

- Financial investment

- Foreign direct investment

- Other investment

- State budget investment

- Private investment

- Cash flow

border transactions and positions

involving debt or equity securities, other

than those included in direct investment

or reserve assets.

- Foreign direct investment arises when

an investor resident in one economy

makes an investment that gives control

or a significant degree of influence on

the management of an enterprise that is

resident in another economyresident in another economy.

8. Measurement of impact

of mining on trade

statistics, including

coherency with production

statistics;

- Total sales of the domestic

trade sector

- Total sales of the mining

products at the domestic

market, by types of minerals

12/11/2013

10



9. Measurement of mineral

exploration, discoveries and

sub‐soil reserves;

- Total output of mineral

explorations, by types of

mineral, by physical quantity

- Number of discoveries, by

natural resources, by physical

quantity

- Soil resource, by physical

quantity

- Total output of mineral

explorations is the total

physical quantity of the natural

resources which is explored at

the current period.

- The number of the discoveries

is total deposits which is

discovered in the economicquantity discovered in the economic

territory.



10. Measurement of the

impact of mining on

government finances,

including measuring of taxes

on mining;

- Corporation income tax

- Royalty

- Value added tax, repayment of VAT

- Fee for exploration and mining

special permit of the mineral

resources

- Other royalty

- Cumulative royalty

- Exports duties

- Contributions and donations to the

local government and individuals

from the mining enterprises

12/11/2013

11


11. Measurement of

productivity in the

- Total productivity of mining

industry *

- The total productivity is calculated by the ratio of

the value added and the sum of the intermediate


mining industry; - Total factor productivity of

mining industry *

- Labor productivity of mining

industry *

- Fixed capital productivity of

mining industry *

- Main raw material productivity

of mining industry*

- Electricity productivity of

mining industry *

consumption, labor (payment) and fixed capital

(consumption of fixed capital).

- The factor productivity is calculated by the ratio of

value added and the sum of the labor and capital

expenditure or the payment and consumption of

fixed capital.

- The labor productivity is calculated by the ratio of

value added and annual average number of

employees.

- The fixed capital productivity is defined by the

ratio of value added and consumption of fixed

capital.

- The main raw material productivity is determined

by the ratio of value added and the main raw

material expenditure for the production.

- The electricity productivity is determined by the

ratio of value added and the electricity costs.


12. Measurement of

construction activity

Construction, capital repairs and maintenances

associated with the mining industry. In which:

- Construction work

includes the activities


y

associated with the

mining industry;

g y

- Residential building

- Non residential building

o House building industry

o Trade and service

o Hospital, school, cultural institutions

o Others

- General engineering construction

o Energetics

o Communication

of building of houses,

bridges, banks as

engineering

construction and

creating of fixed

capital, expansion,

repairs, restoration.

o Railway

o Road

o Bridge

o Dam, ditch, cable, network

o Minor works and other

12/11/2013

12


12. Measurement of

construction activity

- Capital repairs and maintenances

o Energetics


y

associated with the

mining industry;

g

o Communication

o Railway

o Road

o Bridge

o Dam, ditch, cable, network

o Minor works and other

Measurement

issuesAppropriate indicators Rationale, definition

13. Measurement

of impact of mining

- Freight turnover of the mining products, by mln ton km

o Railway

- Freight turnover is

estimated by multiplying


on transportation; o Road

o Water

- Carried freight of the mining products, by ton

o Railway

o Road

o Water

- Passenger turnover of the mining employees, by

pass.km

o Railway

o Road

o Air

the total amount of the

weight of transported cargo

by the shipping distance.

- Passenger turnover is

measured by multiplying

the total amount of the

transported passengers by

the shipping distance.

o Water

- Passengers carried ‐ mining employees, by number of

people

o Railway

o Road

o Air

o Water

12/11/2013

13

Measurement

issuesAppropriate indicators Rationale, definition

13. Measurement

f i t f

- Freight turnover of the mining products per 1 km railway

l th b t k


of impact of

mining on

transportation;

length, by ton km

- Freight turnover of the mining products per 1 km

improved auto road, by ton km

- Average intensity of traffic per day, by type of vehicle, by

conversion to light car from heavy vehicle

- Tarmac and macadam road, power capacity of road

construction, by value

- Power capacity of crossroad of railway, by value


14. Measurement of other

economic activity to

- Total supply, by

products and economic

- Production multiplier measures how

much the size of production of a


y

support the mining

industry, including role of

input‐output analysis;

p

activities

- Total use, by products

and economic activities

- IOT analysis. In which:

o Production

multiplier, by

economic

activities*

o Income multiplier,

p

particular industry changes in response

to a change in final demand by 1 unit.

- Income multiplier measures how much

the income of a particular industry

changes in response to a change in final

demand by 1 unit.

- Labor multiplier measures how much

the number of employees changes in

response to a change in final demand

by economic

activities*

o Labor multiplier,

by economic

activities*

by 1 units.

12/11/2013

14


14. Measurement of other


o Input multiplier, by

economic

- Input multiplier measures how much

the input or total expenditures change



support the mining

industry, including role of

input‐output analysis;

economic

activities*

o Backward and

forward linkages,

by economic

activities*

- Energy consumption

matrix

- Environmental matrix

the input or total expenditures change

in response to a change in final demand

by 1 unit.

- Backward and forward linkages are the

way to compare the structure of

production of commodities of a

particular industry with the same

production of commodities and the

production of commodities of other

industries. It is seen that the industries

(based on green house

gases or other pollution

causes)

with the highest backward and forward

linkages (key sectors) are the most

effective industries.

Measurement issues Appropriate indicatorsRationale,

definition

15. Measurement of ‘down‐

stream’ economic impacts of

- The impacts of the mining to the other economic

industries' productions, especially:


mining, including the

manufacturing of mineral

products;

o Total production of the electricity, gas, steam and

air conditioning supply

o Total production of the water supply; sewerage,

waste management and remediation activities

o Total production of the wholesale and retail trade;

repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

o Total production of the transportation and storage

o Total imports of the heavy machinery, mechanism

and equipments

16 Measurement of - The telecommunication indicators at the mining industry :16. Measurement of

infrastructure to support

mining activity;

- The telecommunication indicators at the mining industry :

o Telephone lines

o Transmitting TV stations

o Wired‐radio stations

o Cable television users

o Mobile phone subscribers

o Permanent internet subscribers

o Computers

12/11/2013

15



17. Measurement of

mining impact on national

income, including balance

of payments incomes

associated with mining

and measures of real gross

domestic income and real

net national disposable

income;

- Value added of mining sector, at current

and constant prices

- Annual change of value added of mining

sector

- The share of value added of mining sector

to the GDP

- GNI , at current and constant prices

- Annual change of GNI

- GNI per capita; p p


18. Measurement of national - Natural resource (oil, coal, natural gas,


wealth;

( , , g ,

minerals etc.)

- Produced assets (machinery and

equipments, buildings and urban land)

- Human resource (number of employees)

19. Measurement of impact

of mining on regional

economies (including

regional prices and regional

- Consumer price index, by regions

- Housing price index, by regions

regional prices and regional

housing markets);

12/11/2013

16


20.General measurement issues,

including dealing with

l i i l i

- Number of multinational enterprises at

the mining industry


multinational enterprises,

dealing with confidentiality

issues, correction of ‘off year’

reporting, ensuring coherence of

information from different

sources and consistency thereof,

by developing a coordinated

approach to large mining

projects, measuring informal

mining activity);

- Number of mining companies with FDI,

percentage of FDI

- Main indicators of the artisanal mining

(total output, intermediate consumption,

value added, total tax paid, contributions

to the local government, number of

employees, land damage, remediation)


procurement of nationally

produced goods and services;

- Total procurement of nationally produced

goods and services of the mining units

22. Standardization of units of

measure;

‐ USD, ton, barrel?

II. The statistical indicators to measure the impact of the mining industry on the social sector


1. Labor force

1.1 Measuring

employment in the

mining industry

- Number of employees at the mining

sector

- Number of foreign employees at the

mining sector, by nationality

- Number of engineering and technical

staffs required newly in coming 3

years, by professions

- Employed means all citizens

engaged in economic activity

for pay (wages or salary) and

have an employment status.

Person who are engaged in

economic activity for pay for a

period of more than one week

can be regarded as employed.

12/11/2013

17



1 Labor force1. Labor force

1.2 Measuring the

demographic

characteristics of the

mining labor

- The demographic characteristics of the

mining labor:

o Number of family

o Age

o Sex

o Education

o Occupation

o Marital status

1.3 Measuring

employment in mining‐

related activities;

- Number of employees, by classification

of economic activities

- Number of employees at the mining

sector, by classification of occupations



1. Labor force1. Labor force

1.4 Measuring of the

impact of the supply of

labor on other parts of

the economy due to

changes in the demand

for labor from the mining

industry.

- Number of employees, by

classification of economic activities

- Labor productivity, by classification

of economic activities*

- Employment elasticity, by

classification of economic activities*

- Labor productivity is defined as

output per unit of labor input. It

is calculated by the ratio of value

added and annual average of

employees.

- The employment elasticity is

defined as the average

percentage point change in

employment for a givenemployment for a given

employed population group

associated with a 1 percentage

point change in output over a

selected period.

12/11/2013

18



2 Income2. Income

2.1 Measuring mining

wages and salaries,

total and averages;

- Total compensation of

employees of the mining

industry

- Monthly average wages and

salaries of employees of the

mining industry, by domestic

and foreign employees

- Real wage index of the

employees of the mining

i d t

- Wage and salary is consist of basic pay,

bonuses, compensation for hours of not

working and other payment.

- Average wages and salaries is proportion of

total amount wages and salaries granted

for employees and number of employees.

- Real wage index is nominal wage index

corrected for changes in purchasing power

measured by the consumer price index. It

i ti f i l i d dindustry is proportion of nominal wage index and

consumer price index of corresponding

year.

- A nominal wage index is proportion of

nominal wage of current period and

nominal wage of base period as expressed

percentage.



2. Income

2.2 Measuring the

distribution of mining

incomes, including

gender distributions.

- Monthly average wages and salaries of

employees of the mining industry, by sex

- Monthly average wages and salaries of

employees of the mining industry, by

classification of occupations

12/11/2013

19



3 H lth d d ti it3. Health and productivity

3.1 Measuring

workers conditions

and industrial

relations in the mining

industry;

- Occupational safety of the mining employees

(safety work wear and facilities etc.)

- Number of basic social services, access and

distance. In which: hospital, police, school,

kindergarden, bank, shop, hairdresser and beauty

salon etc.

3.2 Measuring mining - Number of employees of the mining industry, by3.2 Measuring mining

skills and capabilities,

including job

vacancies skill

shortages;

Number of employees of the mining industry, by

sex and education

- Number of employees of the mining industry, by

sex and profession

- Number of employees of the mining industry, by

classification of occupations



3. Health and productivity3. Health and productivity

3.3 Measuring the

impact of mining on

workers’ health and

the health of the

community generally.

- Life expectancy at birth, by sex and

regions

- Deaths, by sex, age group, level of

education and occupations

- Crude death rate, by regions

- The sex ratio at death, by regions

- Number of inpatients, by classification of

disease, by regions

- Number of prevalence and deaths of

- The sex ratio at death is

calculated by dividing the

number of male deaths by the

number of female deaths.

- The crude death rate is the

number of deaths occurring

among the population of a

given geographical area during

a given year, per 1000 mid‐yearp

malignant neoplasms, by regions

- Diseases of the mining employees, by

type of diseases

- Accidents from the mining activity, by

type of accidents

g y , p y

population of the given

geographical area during the

same year.

12/11/2013

20



4. Measuring the impact of mining on social issues

4.1 Measuring fly‐in/fly‐out

and drive‐in/drive‐out

‐???

and drive in/drive out

workers, including impacts

on demands for social

services;

4.2 Measuring internal and

international migration

flows associated with

mining (including

remittances);

- Number of internal

migrant, by regions

- Number of international

migrant, by regions

- Workers' remittances

- Internal migration is determined by the

population resettlement level throughout the

states within the boundary of the country. The

main index is the number of people who arrived

and leaved a state or a province.

- International migration expresses the flow of

people who move from their home countries topeop e o o e o t e o e cou t es to

another countries, and from another countries

to their residential nations.

- Workers’ remittances are current transfers made

by Mongolian migrants who are employed in

foreign economies for more than 1 year to

Mongolia, and vice versa, made by foreign

migrants who are employed in Mongolia for

more than 1 year to their residential country.




4.3 Measuring the

impact of mining on

poverty;

- Household income and

expenditure, by regions

- Poverty headcount index, by

regions

- The total income (expenditure) of a

household is defined by summation of the

households’ monetary income

(expenditure), consumption of goods from

own resources and received free of

charge.

- The poverty headcount index refers to the

proportion of the population with aproportion of the population with a

standard of living below the poverty line

to total population.

12/11/2013

21



4 M i th i t f i i i l i4. Measuring the impact of mining on social issues

4.4 Measuring social

impacts of population

dislocation associated

with mining activity;

- Number of population, by sex,

age group and regions

(location)

- Number of households, by

regions (location)

- The population of Mongolia included

residents in Mongolia and Mongolian

citizenships usual reside in abroad. The

resident population in Mongolia

included population reside for more

than 6 months or 183 days in

administrative units of Mongolia.

- The household is the group of people

who live together in one house, with a

joint budget and jointly provide their

food and other basic needs. Members

of the household may be family or

relatives; there can be some members

in the household with no relation to the

other members.




4.5 Measuring the

impact of mining on

education and

training.

- Expenditure on education as percentage to

total expenditure of General Government

budget

- Per capita educational expenditure

- Number of pupils and students in all levels

of educational institutions

- Number of educational institutions

- Number of graduates of all level

educational institutions

- Since the mining activities

are growing with the

increase of tax to the state

budget from the mining

companies, it is necessary

to define the changes of

the expenditure on

education sector from the

government budget. This

- Number of general educational schools, by

regions

indicator might present

one of the impact of

mining on education.

12/11/2013

22



4. Measuring the impact of mining on social issues g p g

4.5 Measuring the

impact of mining on

education and

training.

- Gross enrollment ratio

- Number of students in vocational and

technical education institutions, by sex

- Number of students in higher educational

institutions, by sex

- Students and graduates of domestic

universities, institutes and college, by

professional areas

- Trainings and courses from the mining

- Gross enrollment ratio is

proportion of total

enrolment in specific level

of education regardless of

age and eligible official

school age population

corresponding to the same

level of education in a

given academic year

companies for their employees

- Number of qualified drivers of mining

transportation

- Number of operators of heavy vehicles and

mechanisms

- Number of auto serves for mining sector

expressed as a percentage.

III. The statistical indicators to measure the impact of the mining industry on the environment



direct and indirect demand

- Mineral resource, by mineral

types

- Natural resource inputs comprise

physical inputs to the economy

from the mining industry for

environmental inputs, both

market and non‐market,

incorporating measurement

in terms of value;

yp

- Soil resource

- Water resource

- Energy resource (oil, natural

gas, coal, peat, uranium)

- Land

- Biological resource

p y p y

from natural resources. Thus

natural resource inputs comprise

inputs from mineral and energy

resources, soil resources, natural

timber resources, natural aquatic

resources, other natural

biological resources and water

resources.

2 H i i f Th l d i di ill b2. Harmonization of

definition for indicators

reflecting internal and

international needs;

- The related indicators will be

defined according to the "System

of environmental‐economic

accounting: Central Framework"

which is developed by UN and

other 5 international

organizations.

12/11/2013

23



3. Measurement of

emissions (air and

- Emissions from the mining

activities:

- Solid waste includes materials that are in

a solid or liquid state but excludesemissions (air and

water) and waste

products from the

mining industry;

activities:

o Emissions to water

o Emissions to air

o Emissions to soil

- Solid waste

a solid or liquid state but excludes

wastewater and small particulate matter

released into the atmosphere.

- Emissions to air are gaseous and

particulate substances released to the

atmosphere as a result of economic

activities.

- Emissions to water are substances

released to water resources as a result of

economic activities.

- Emissions to soil are substances released

to the soil as a result of economic

activities.



4. Measurement of

damage to land (including

- Land area of mining

exploration and production

- Land is degraded by mining operation

greatly Environmental remediation isdamage to land (including

agricultural land) and

ecosystems from mining

activity and any

subsequent rectification

activity;

exploration and production

- Land area, water, soil and

biodiversity with remediation

- Land area, water, soil and

biodiversity without

remediation

- Land degradation

- Soil damage

greatly. Environmental remediation is

a process of making the degraded

land usable again, and in the final

result, creating the effective

ecosystem or land use.

- All actions that making land in

previous shape, recovering by soil,

thickening soil, planting, caring are

the environmental restoration

actions.

12/11/2013

24




sustainability of mining

- Asset accounts for natural

resource, by resource types

- Sustainability is thought to be to leave

natural resources for our descendantsy g

activity;

, y yp

- Depletion of natural

resources, by resource types

by satisfying ours and our future’s

necessities at the same time.

- Asset accounts can provide information

regarding the way in which government

appropriates revenue from the

extraction of natural resources.

- The intent of asset accounts is to

record the opening and closing stock of

environmental assets and the changes

in the stock over an accounting period

in both monetary and physical terms.




environmental impact of

- Damages of the land, soil and road

from the transportation

- Information from asset accounts

can be used to assess whetherenvironmental impact of

economic activity

‘downstream’ from the

mining industry;

from the transportation,

consignment and discharge of the

mining products

- Fee on usage of road from the

mining companies

- Environmental damages (water,

animal, plant etc) from the

transportation, consignment and

discharge of the mining products

- Cost of environmental protection

can be used to assess whether

current patterns of economic

activity are depleting and

degrading the environmental

assets and to assist in the

management of environmental

assets.

p

- Natural resource management

12/11/2013

25




impact of mining on

- GDP

Environmental assets

- The global prospective development

focuses to generate the economicimpact of mining on

green growth and the

green economy;

- Environmental assets

accounts, by resource types

- Natural resource depletion, by

resource types

- Assessment of environmental

pollution

- Green GDP

focuses to generate the economic

system with the effective

consumption of natural resources,

prevention from the environmental

depletion and degradation and less

emission.

- Green GDP is GDP adjusted by the

environmental indicators. It is

defined by the difference between

GDP and sum of the resource

depletion, environmental

degradation.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Government Building IIIBaga Toiruu‐44Baga Toiruu‐44Ulaanbaatar‐20а, MongoliaTel: (976)‐51‐263152Fax: (976)‐11‐324518 E‐mail: [email protected]: http://web.nso.mn/ub_city_group/

UBCG presentation revised final MONGOLIA.ppt · 2015-01-30 · 12/11/2013 2 I. Introduction of...

Documents

Transcript of UBCG presentation revised final MONGOLIA.ppt · 2015-01-30 · 12/11/2013 2 I. Introduction of...