Turku Sustainable City Districts Full Analysis (September 30th 2013)

8/10/2019 Turku Sustainable City Districts Full Analysis (September 30th 2013)

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September 2013

© City of Turku & Siemens AG 2013. All righ ts reserved.

Page 2

Content 1 / 3

Content Page

Content 1 Introduction, case for action and objectives 1 - 56

Content 2Skanssi and Castle Town –Cornerstones of a sustainable development concept

57 - 210

Content 3 Content III: Toolbox and Outlook 211 – 214



September 2013


Content 1

Chapter Content Page

1 Management summary 1 - 10

2The Urban Planning Challenge in midsize European cities• Key development challenges• Examples of current eco-district projects in Europe

11 - 32

3

City of Turku – Pathway towards a sustainable urban development• Current situation and future vision of Turku• Renewal of existing districts & development of new eco-districts

• Sustainable city districts in Turku – a major lever of sustainable growth

33 – 40

4Case for action – Sustainable living and working environments• The planning and management challenge• The technology and innovation challenge

41 - 56



September 2013


Management Summary

II

V

I

III

IV

The report describes and partly evaluates 14 Infrastructure solutions , 1 platform solut ion

for smart mobility and citizen services and several solutions as enabler/supporter for asocial approach to sustainability in the districts.

First evaluation of 5 district specific transport levers show preliminary CO2 reductionpotential of more than 50% for transport. 3 evaluated levers for Energy &Buildings show aCO2 abatement potential of more than 40%.

Cities need to implement available sustainable solutions starting with “day1” and need toestablish a continuous improvement cycle.

Cities all over the globe consider themselves as living labs with a specific mandate: learning from and for other Cities. Skanssi and Castle Town strive for an exemplary

sustainability position in Turku and Finland. The toolbox can act as a learning framework.

Future way of City development and design will differ from traditional developmentstrategies: Polycentric structures of cities and increasing autonomy of city districts implynew ways of developing the districts spatial design as well as their infrastructures.



September 2013


Page 5

Collaboration of two partners with strong track

record for sustainable development

City of Turku Siemens

Largest environmental portfolio inenergy, infrastructure, industry andhealthcare technologies

Strong commitment developingsustainable cities – sustainable urban

infrastructure studies, participation inWBCSD & dedicated business vertical

Dow-Jones Sustainability Index indiversified industries

Using technological expertise to developbenchmark in sustainable mid-sized cities

Sustainability is our strength, technologies

are needed to solve climate issues

Developing Turku is a business opportunity

Strong commitment to SustainableDevelopment – part of city vision, values,strategy and programs since 1990’s

Ambi tious Program for Climate andEnvironment – 30% GHG reduction by 2020

Successful implementation of key actionsand reduction of GHG emissions by 16%

Combining economic growth andecological sustainability

Sustainable infrastruc ture projects –regional cooperation, town-planning, housing,mobility, energy, water,…

Vivid economy and proactive region –building a sustainable and attractive city

Networking and cooperation – learning from

others and being an example and reference



September 2013


Focus

Page 6

New topics for the partnership wi ll be

jointly defined every 6 month

Year I (2012)

Impact study for light rail

Comprehensive conceptfor Skanssi district (Smartgrid, buildings, transport,water)

Traffic managementconcept for city incl.connection to intermodal

hubs

Smart grid city concept

E-Mobility impactassessment

Light rail technology study

Financing concept forcomplex infrastructureprojects

White paper for

sustainable city districtsStrategies for energyefficiency improvements inexisting infrastructure

E-Mobility implementationroadmap and piloting

Target

Projectideas

Light rail and districtconcept as cornerstonesfor city development

Ensure realization withfinancing concepts andmake Turku “future ready”

Comprehensivesustainability roadmap in all infrastructure areas

Main development areas

in the city

Financing and new

technologies

Holistic sustainable city

concept

Year II (2013) Year III (2014)


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Page 7

Turku has set ambit ious targets to reduce

environmental impacts and to increase quality of life

Turku Sustainabili ty Objectives

Sustainable development

To financially, socially and ecologically protectfuture generations’ life opportunities through

balanced and continuous change

Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by -30% per inhabitant until 2020 (from 1990 levels)and at least -20% in total

Improve energy efficiency by 9% from 2005until 2016

50% or more of district heating from

renewables by 2020

Electricity purchased by the city 100% fromrenewables by 2013

Consideration of sustainability cri teria in all

public tenders from 2013 on

Sustainable development in daycare centers and educational institutions




The objective of this study is to support sustainable

district development in Turku

09.00 – 11.00 a.m.Study objectives Deliverables

To gain an understanding of theimpacts of diverse new technologies on the urban image, planning andproperties

To support the construction of

sustainable city distr icts in Skanssiand Castle Town by developing a

toolbox which outlines relevanttechnologies, policies and best practicesand thus positioning Turku as a pioneerof sustainable district development inEurope

Joint Turku & Siemens concept paper as aguideline for development of sustainabledistricts outlining general planning challenge,the pathway to sustainable districts, thespecific case for action in Skanssi & Castle

Town, a description and evaluation of thechosen solutions

Skanssi

Fact book with detailed description of theused methodology, sources and calculations

SkanssiCastle Town

Page 8




Page 9

Summary Content I

The Urban Planning Challenge forSustainable living & working environments

Cities need to transform from atraditional configuration to aconfiguration which better allowsadaption to current and prospective

challenges and trends

Successful development strategies andimplementation projects are based onan analysis of the sustainability themesand infrastructure areas to be

addressed Sustainable city districts are a major

lever of sustainable growth and Skanssiand Castle Town are developed asLighthouse projects

Reference study to verify critical successfactors in city dist rict development

Ten European eco-district projects werestudied in order to support the process inTurku

Aspects of the planning process to beconsidered throughout the project

Profiling, stakeholder engagementand ensuring commitment

Applicability of future readysustainable technologies

Financial risk awareness

Aspects to be considered after theconstruction of the district




Summary Content II and III

Summary Content II

The identified & proposed 16 Solutionsshow a potential of:

7.1 tons CO2 per year in mobility (incl.IMP)

6.7 tons CO2 per year in energy (onlysolar panels)

3.7 tons CO2 per year in mobility (onlySmart Buildings)

Summary Content III

We defined several steps for sustainablecity development from “setup” to“realization” and a continuousimprovement process after the

construction of the district

As an outlook, we expect Turku tocontinue developing the districts as eco-districts and scale the evaluated andapplied green technologies to the

remaining districts.




Content 1



2The Urban Planning Challenge in midsize European cit ies• Key development challenges

• Examples of current eco-distri ct projects in Europe

11 - 32

3

City of Turku – Pathway towards a sustainable urban development• Current situation and future vision of Turku• Renewal of existing districts & development of new eco-districts


33 – 40


41 - 56




Page 12

The Urban Planning Challenge in Midsize European Cities

– Demand and Opportunities for Green Growth

• Cities are high drivers of national GDP and centres of innovation and culture. They now host half ofhumankind, consume the majority of resources and energy and are responsible for the majority ofGHG emissions.

• Global and regional megatrends impact cities all over the world and pose major challenges for theirdevelopment. At the same time, successful cities can provide many of the best solut ions tothese challenges and enable good life for generations to come.

• In order to survive and prosper, cities need to combine economic viability, high environmental

performance and social cohesion.

Photo credit: Stadt Freiburg i.Br .

The City of Freiburg, located in southwestern Germany, is famous around the world for itssustainable approach especially regarding the use of renewable energy sources such assolar energy. Freiburg has incorporated environmental thinking in the fields of

transportation, energy, waste management, land conservation and green economics. Inthe 1990s, the city started the development of the two sustainable residential districts,Vauban and Rieselfeld, which have become pioneering examples of green communitiesand sustainable urban development. These districts are also good models of how to usea participatory way of planning and to involve the local residents in the decision makingregarding their living environment.

Source: Study on European Eco-districts by the City of Turku, 2013

Reference




Page 13

As synergy between different policies and solutions

can be efficiently created and uti lized at city level

• Cities have a powerful advantage to deliver sustainable development and green economy in practice.

• Cities provide the right scale for markets of eco-products and for large-scale green infrastructureinvestment.

• Short-term costs of urban environmental policies are lower than at the national level because of theeffects of stronger synergies. Local policies and projects to reduce pollution increase attractiveness –a main factor of city competitiveness, especially in economies that are higher up the value chain.

• Many cities already have decoupled economic growth and the expansion of GHG thus demonstrating

a key aspect of green growth in practice.

Photo credit: Lennart Johans-son, City of Stockholm

Stockholm, the capital city of Sweden with some 850 000 residents, is one of the fastestgrowing metropolitan areas in Europe. At the same time, the city has managed to developinto a sustainable city offering a versatile and attractive environment for the people living

and working there. Stockholm was the first European Green Capital – a title awarded tothe city by the EU Commission in 2010. The city aims to be carbon-neutral by 2050 andhas already reduced GHG emissions by over 25 per cent/inhabitant since the year 1990.In social terms Stockholm is one of the most equal cities in the world.


Reference


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Page 14

The urban form matters: the lower the urban density, the

more energy is consumed for electricity and transportation

• In large-scale comparison, GHG emissions per capita drop significantly as urban areas densify.

• Compared to monocentric, polycentric development focusing on city districts can provide

further advantages.

• Successful urban planning and infrastructure projects can have a major impact on sustainable

urban development and branding thereby creating basis for successful economic development.The best eco-district projects have “turned the city around”.

Photo credit: Flickr: Sampo Sikiö 2007

Malmö, a mid-sized city in the Öresund Region in southern Sweden, has today aprosperous economy and is almost synonymous with sustainable urban development.

After more than a decade of harsh economic crisis, the transformation of the city into a

leading example of sustainable development started in the 1990’s fuelled by the decisionto build a bridge to Copenhagen and the redevelopment of the formerly industrial harborarea in Västra Hamnen. Today, Västra Hamnen and other successful large scale projectsundertaken in Malmö have piloted new technologies and innovation promoting newknowledge and markets and have contributed to reaching many of the overallsustainability targets set for the city.


Reference



September 2013© City of Turku & Siemens AG 2013. All righ ts reserved.

Page 15

In order to create successful urban strategies and

development projects

Increasing energy

consumption

Increasing

population density

Demographic

change

Urbanization

Resourcescarceness

Climatechange

Increasingresource prices

Innovation &technologydynamics

Urban needs

of biz &

people

Source: Siemens Mobility consulting

… we at first must understand the powers impacting on our ecosystems calledcities

Both global megatrends & European specifics are influencing our c ity

Impact on

Mobility Energy Buildings City adminWater &

waste




Page 16

Successful cit ies transform from a traditional to a

modern configuration

• Monocentric structure• Centralised steering

and control

• Individual mobility culture• Centralized power plants

• Industrialisation• Linear InfoComm;

one-to-on comm.• Individualistic behaviour

• Morphological and func-tional poly centrism

• Viable and sovereign

city districts• Smart transport• Inter-device communication• Integration of modes

• Highly mobile know-ledge-based society

• Community, integrated

To face these challenges appropriately the cities of today must change & transform from a traditionalconfiguration to a configuration which allows for adaption to current & prospective challenges & trends

City of today City of tomorrow

• Congestion• High energy consumption• Highly centralized “physical” services• Materialistic culture

• Reduced traffic• Decreasing dependency on energy supply• Proximity of community and smart services• Virtualized society





Page 17

The challenge for cities is to create a unique,

coherent district configuration…

EconomyCity

logistics

Urban pro-

cess org.

Change

Businessbuildings

City districtintegr.

Ecology

Smartmobility

Smart Grid

Safety &

security

I & C

CommunityQualityof Life

ResidentialBuildings

Communitybuildings

Energysupply

District

visionCity vision

Profile,

Needs,

KPI

Infrastruc-

ture Plg.

Monitor &

Control

Reali-

zation

• A polycentric city is a multi-nuclei urban system

• Disentangling the formerlygrown, traditional structures

• Reducing complexity and"making big issues smaller"

• For a district this meansa strengthened position within the city

• Being a sovereign entityamongst others meaningto be required

• To provide an autonomously

viable ecosystem to itscitizens

Building blocks and determinants


Needs / demands as influencing factors

Organization & city services

Infrastructures




Page 18

The typical characterist ics of a future city distr ict

pose major challenges on urban district planning

Vital socialstructure

Viableinfrastructure

"Mini-city"

Minimization andde-clustering

Inter- and intra-connectedness

Quality of life

Typical characterist icsof a modern City district

Urban image

Technologies

Policies

Operating models

Planning

Key urban district planning challenges


When defining the each of the district properties each of the

planning areas must be taken into account.




Page 19

Successful development strategies and implementation

projects require a multi -dimensional planning framework

Urban future

scenarios &

strategies

Analys is ofcurrent status

Gaps &

challenges

Implemen-

tation &

pathways

Monitoring

ControllingPolicies

Communication & participation

Urban Planning Framework

Mobility Energy Buildings Cityadmin

Water &waste

Urban stakeholder citizens, travelers, businesses, community, environment

Design & aesthetics city landscape & urban heritage

Technologies systems, solutions, components

Management operational, financial & business model

Safety & security secure societies, emergency & catastrophe management

Ecology & environment nature, landscape, resources, air quality

Source: Siemens Mobility Consulting

Economy growth impact, cost-benefit analyses




The following parameters must be aligned with city

strategy & vision, & the district vis ion respectively

• Coherent planning of the district’sstrategy and cornerstones is necessary.

• Addressing and integrating all urbaninfrastructures and sources

• Considering a procedural perspectivewith a focus on the strategic planningprocess of the city

The infrastructures must meet thedemands of the stakeholders and followthe citizens’ interests.

Integrate an economical and ecologicalperspective as well as safety topics.

Involve the urban stakeholders, i.e.residents, travelers, businesses from thevery start.

Pay attention to environmental andcommunity issues. The stakeholders’ needs ought to be

considered when planning the solutions ofthe infrastructure areas.

Integrate the new solutions into the givencity district design.

Define set-up of the operational modeland the financial model have to be

answered. When identifying the best matching

solutions not only technologicalconsiderations shall be made, but alsoconsiderations from an economic andecological point of view.

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1

2

3

1 2

3




Ten European eco-district projects were studied in

order to support the process in Turku

•The objective was to benchmark sustainable districts &find well-performing cost-efficient practices. The districtswere chosen based on their match with the planning aimsof Turku.

•The analysis focused only on European city districts dueto similarities regarding climate, legislation & other factorssuch as location & size of the district.

•The criteria used in choosing the districts for the studywere derived based on the planned eco-themes ofSkanssi & Castle Town districts of Turku.

•The Nordic district projects were the most comparable tothe projects in Turku especially due to the similar climaticconditions & legislation. Vauban & Rieselfeld in Freiburg &

Aspern in Vienna were included for their inspiring content& similarities with the districts in Turku.

•The most relevant districts for the study including twoFinnish districts as well as two districts from each of thecities of Stockholm, Malmö & Freiburg are presented inthis chapter.

Page 21

1. Eco-Viikki

Helsinki, Finland

2. Vuores Tampere, Finland

3. Skaftkärr Porvoo, Finland

4. Ham marb y Sjös tad Stockholm, Sweden

5. Stockholm Royal

Seaport Stockholm, Sweden

6. Bo01 Malmö, Sweden

7. Hyllie Malmö, Sweden

8. Rieselfeld Freiburg, Germany

9. Vauban

Freiburg, Germany

10. Aspern – Vienna’s

Urban Lakeside

Vienna, Austria

11. Skanssi & Castle

Town Turku, Finland

Methodology




Page 22

Examples of current eco-districts: Eco-Viikki

(Helsinki, Finland)

A pilot project and an experimental model for testing the implementation of new sustainable solutions. Ecological goals of reduction of non-renewable resource and material usage. Protection of ecosystems and avoiding the formation of waste, emissions and noise. Main targets: to cut CO2 emissions by 20% compared to traditional building and reduce the amount of waste produced by 20%.

The largest solar energy systemin Finland with a total area of

around 1,400 m² of panels.

A finger-like structurepenetrates between the builtareas and connects every

building plot directly to greenareas. Planning of the districtwas accomplished by usingthe PIMWAG criteria.

Common areas and servicesinclude green spaces, parks,gardening lots, shared saunasand common laundries, a kindergarden, schools andcommercial centres.

City of Helsinki, the NationalTechnology Agency of Finland,the European Commission, theMinistry of the Environment andthe Finnish Association ofArchitects.

Need for a concrete monitoring and feedback system for achieving strict ecological goals set for sustainable building projects A project as ambitious and laborious as the Eco-Viikki project requires adequate knowledge as well as long-term commitmentin terms of financial and practical resources.

Mobility Energy

People Organization Buildings

Facts

Construction area:Timeframe:Population:Residential apt.:Distance to CBD:

23 ha

1999–2004

2,000

750

8 km

Key learnings

Objectives

Public transport consists of abus line. The plots have0−50% less parking spaces

than usual.

Image credits: City of Helsinki 2005 & 2008




Page 23

Examples of current eco-districts: Vuores

(Tampere, Finland)

Eco-efficiency is taken into account in all phases of the planning and implementation of the project. Sustainability of energy supply, energy efficiency of buildings, well developed transport system, ecological buildingmaterials and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions Main target: to create a small town in the midst of nature.

………

Public transport network will

be based on a light rail systemand buses, and there will be acomprehensive footpath andcycle network.

Goals: promoting the use ofrenewable energy sources such

as wind and solar power andgeothermal heat as well astesting new ways of timberconstruction.

Key elements includeincorporating the naturalenvironment into the area and

concentrating the builtstructure around one maincentre and four subcenters.

Vuores is planned to be anactive arena providing goodservices, attractive businessfacilities and diverse residentialoptions that meet high qualitystandards.

Tampere and Lempäälä havemade a joint master plan for thedistrict. In addition to the City of

Tampere, other partners of theproject include developers andconstruction companies.

There have been new innovations in Vuores, such as an underground waste collection system and the largest and mostefficient storm water management system in Finland. There is going to be Finland’s largest wooden town area, Isokuusi, in Vuores.

Mobility Energy


Facts

Construction area:Timeframe:Expected population:Residential apt.:Distance to CBD:

1,260 ha

2008–2020

13,000

6,000

7 km

Key learnings

Objectives

Image credits: Tanja Konstari, City of Turku 2012




Page 24

Stockholm – The city of leading examples of urban

sustainability

Page 24

Stockholm was the first European Green Capital – a title awarded to the city by the EU Commission in2010. Stockholm continues being a role model for other European cities in environmental standards. The

title has been awarded to Stockholm because it had approved the target of being fossil fuel free by 2050,the success of the city in cutting carbon dioxide emissions by 25 per cent/inhabitant since the year 1990and the integration of environmental issues into the city’s general operations.

Stockholm, the capital city of Sweden with some 850 000 residents, is one of the fastest growingmetropolitan areas in Europe. At the same time, the city has managed to develop into a sustainable cityoffering a versatile and attractive environment for the people living and working there. Furthermore,Stockholm has already achieved impressive results regarding the reduction of green house gases.

Source: Study on European Eco-districts by the City of Turku, 2013.

One of Sweden’s biggest urban development projects, Hammarby Sjöstad, is world-known for being asustainable housing and working area and has played a major role in the city’s plans for sustainablegrowth. The previously industrial area has been converted into one of the world’s most recognized

sustainable urban areas.

Stockholm Royal Seaport will be another large-scale urban development area where environmentallyfriendly ambitions and a variety of homes, services and businesses will be mixed in a unique way.International collaboration is the key to making Stockholm Royal Seaport a leading example of asustainable and successful economic and environmental urban project.

S u s

t a i n a b l e

u r b a n p r o

j e c

t s

G r e e

n

C a p

i t a l

2 0 1 0

I n t r o d u c

t i o

n




Page 25

Examples of current eco-districts: Hammarby Sjöstad

(Stockholm, Sweden)

The environmental impact of the district should be 50% lower than it would be with the technology level used in 1990s. Residents would produce half of the energy that they consumed to achieve these objectives, the infrastructure systemsfor water, sewage and waste management and energy and heating were designed as ‘closed loop’ systems that would feedeach other and decrease the amount of energy needed for functioning.……… There are bus routes, ferry

lines, a light rail link and 3 car

pools in the district as well asa bike sharing program andgood cycle and pedestrianpaths.

Energy is produced by RES,biogas products and purifiedwaste heat. District heating is

supplied to the entire districtand it is produced from thereuse of waste and waste watertreatment.

A lot of work was done totransform the old brownfieldsites into an attractive

residential area. Today thereare several green spaces,walkaways and parks.

Construction of student housingand housing for mentallydisabled persons hascontributed to the balance ofsocial groups in the district.

The development has beensupervised by the City ofStockholm, and there have

been a lot of partners involvedincluding architecture firms and40 building contractors.

The importance of having a comprehensive view on the project as well as a clear vision and main goals set as early as possible. The vision and goals should be clear, realistic and approved by all the project partners. The importance of marketing the ecological technologies used in the area, which should be the newest ones available.

Mobility Energy


Facts

Construction area:Timeframe:Expected population:Residential apt.:Distance to CBD:

200 ha

1994–2018

26,000

11,500

3 km

Key learnings

Objectives

Image credits: Lennart Johansson, City of Stockholm




Page 26

Examples of current eco-districts: Stockholm Royal

Seaport (Stockholm, Sweden)

By 2020 CO2 emissions will be cut to 1.5 ton per person/year in the district and by 2030 there will be zero fossil fuel emissions. The aim of the project is to achieve a modern and sustainable city district with a mixed variation of housing, services, commercialactivities, industrial activities, culture, sports and port operations. The main focus will be in sustainability in areas of energy production and consumption, transport, recycling and lifestyles.

The PT network will consist ofsubway, tram and bus linkages.There will also be new lanes forpedestrians and cyclists, bicyclehire, 2.2 bicycle parkingplaces/household and carsharing.

The intelligent power grid whichwill be integrated to so called

‘active houses’ is planned toreduce annual energyconsumption to a maximum of55 kWh/m2.

There will be e.g. passive andplus houses which willgenerate their own solar orwind energy. There will also

be a smart electricity grid tohelp the residents to useelectricity efficiently.

A variety of housing,workplaces, transport, publicservices, education andentertainment will be availablein the district when finished.

The most important partners ofthe project are the PortAuthority, the energy company

Fortum, housing developersand important public entitiessuch as the planning office.

The development and implementation processes of the project are carried out in different stages in a way that theexperience gained can be utilised in the next phases. An issue to be considered in new long-term projects is the rapid evolution of technological solutions and the availability ofnew technologies.

Mobility Energy


Facts

Construction area:Timeframe:Residential apt.:Distance to CBD:

236 ha

2011–2030

12,000

3 km

Key learnings

Objectives

Image credits: City of Stockholm




Page 27

Malmö – Building new districts to drive sustainable

city development

Page 27

After the success of Västra Hamnen, Malmö has extended environmental construction to the sustainabledistricts of Augustenborg and Sege Park. The most recent sustainable city district project carried out inthe city is Hyllie. The successful large scale projects undertaken in Malmö have also contributed to theoverall sustainability targets set for the city.

Malmö has been making notable progress in other areas of sustainability as well, e.g. several projectsaiming at enhancing social sustainability in the city. Malmö has received numerous prizes for its effortsfor achieving sustainable development. One of the recent awards was the election of Malmö as a climatic

ideal Earth Hour Capital 2011 by the World Wildlife Fund WWF. The city has also received the WorldHabitat Award for its contributions in the field of social sustainability especially in the eco-district ofAugustenborg, and has been selected as the best environmental municipality o f Sweden in 2010 bythe publication Miljöaktuellt.

Malmö, a city in the Öresund Region in southern Sweden, has become an internationally knownflagship of sustainable urban development. The transformation of the city started with theredevelopment of the formerly industrial harbor area in Västra Hamnen. The European housing exhibitionBo01, held in 2001, was the first development stage of Västra Hamnen, which has later been followed bythe development of the Flagghus housing area. Bo01 is the first city district in Sweden that is climateneutral and is supplied with 100% renewable energy. The city still continues to develop the Västra Hamnendistrict in the third part of the harbor area and the largest residential development with passive and low-energy housing in Sweden, Fullriggaren. Today, Västra Hamnen is an international model of incorporating

sustainability into an urban district.


D i s t i n c

t i o n s

D e v e

l o p -

i n g c

i t y

I n t r o d u c

t i o n



September 2013© City of Turku & Siemens AG 2013. All righ ts reserved.Page 28

Examples of current eco-districts: Bo01

(Malmö, Sweden)

Main target: to create an ecological district that uses 100% locally produced renewable energy. To become a leading example of sustainable construction in an urban quarter Other objectives included soil reclamation, a well-developed public transport system, use of ecological building materials,creation of a sustainable society providing high quality of life and promotion of the area’s rich biodiversity.…

Priority in transportation isgiven to PT. There is a carpoolin the area, and the use ofbicycles is very common.There are only 0.7 parkingspaces per household.

A district heating systempowered only by RES coversmost of the houses, and is

complemented by solarcollectors and thermal heating.A wind power station (2MW)provides all of the electricity.

There are low energystandards of energy use of105 kWh/m²/year for each

building including householdelectricity. The architecture ofBo01 is very versatile.

There is a wide diversity ofresidents in the district, sinceabout 70% of the housing inBo01 consists of rentedapartments and the remaining30% of owner occupied houses.

The area was developed by theCity of Malmö in cooperationwith the Swedish EnergyAgency, the European Union,

energy and constructioncompanies, Bo01AB and LundUniversity.

Contradictory to the plans, a large parking garage had to be built because the new residents wanted to use cars Thecity of Malmö noticed the problem and made efforts for increasing the usage of PT and bicycles instead of private cars. Sustainable habits of residents should be encouraged from the beginning of the planning process and supported all along.

Mobility Energy


Facts

Construction area:Timeframe:Population:Residential apt.:Distance to CBD:

22 ha

1998–2007

2,300

1,450

2 km

Key learnings

Objectives

Image credits: Malmö stad 2013




Examples of current eco-districts: Hyllie

(Malmö, Sweden)

Hyllie is planned to become a global model for sustainable city districts and more specifically the most climate-smartdistrict in the Öresund region. By 2020, energy production in Hyllie will consist of 100% of renewable or recycled energy, most of which will be locallyproduced.

Well-functioning PT network inHyllie is going to consist oftrains, busses, and a newmetro station. There are goodbicycle paths and services forcyclists.

Hyllie will get a smartinfrastructure, which will result

as higher energy efficiency. By2020, energy production in thedistrict will consist of 100% ofrenewable or recycled energy.

Buildings will be connected toa smart grid. The district isgoing to have a varied mix ofhousing, and at least 30 per

cent of the dwellings will berental apartments.

Hyllie is a mixed area with a lotof services and specialfeatures. Malmö arena in Hyllieis a multi-arena for sports,entertainment and culture.

The City of Malmö, E.ON andVA Syd are the main partners ofthe project, while Siemens willbe the main supplier of energy

technology. A number ofconstructors and other actorsare also involved.

There is already a new well-functioning parking deck called Park n’ Ride in the district, which is the largest of its kind inMalmö. The multi-storey car park does not only provide parking, however, for there is a variety of services offered in thebuilding. This facility is a good example of promoting public transport and cycling.

Mobility Energy


Facts

Construction area:Timeframe:

Residential apt.:Distance to CBD:

200 ha

2012–2030

9,0003 km

Key learnings

Objectives

Image credits: Image 1: David Wiberg, Hyllie Centrum 2008, image 2: Jesper Lindgren, Hyllie Centrum 2011.




Vauban, the internationally well-known eco-district has been a celebrated model of a sustainable districtfor more than 10 years. This brownfield district has successfully reduced private car use in the residentialarea and is known for its extensive use of solar energy.

Rieselfeld is another successful sustainable city district in which the City of Freiburg has achieved itsambitious goals of sustainable urban development in terms of integrating environmental policy andsustainability in residential district building and creating an attractive housing area for its citizens.Rieselfeld has been a good example of how the redevelopment of brownfield areas can make themattractive places to live and at the same time bring inhabitants of low-density suburbs back to the city.

Freiburg – The city of pioneering green districts

Page 30

The City of Freiburg is famous around the world for its sustainable approach especially regarding the useof renewable energy sources such as solar energy. The city has had experience and expertise insustainable energy management already for years. Freiburg has also been promoted as the Green City,incorporating environmental thinking in the fields of transportation, energy, waste management, landconservation and green economics.

Freiburg’s way towards a green city started already in the 1970s with the Green Movement and a protestagainst a nearby nuclear power plant, which was followed by the leaders of the city and the vast academiccommunity taking a serious interest in sustainability. In the 1990s, the city started the development of thetwo sustainable residential districts, which have become pioneering examples of g reen

communities and sustainable urban development. These districts are also good models of how to use aparticipatory way of planning and to involve the local residents in the decision making regarding their livingenvironment.


S u s

t a i n a b l e

d i s t r i c t s

G r e e

n

m o v e m

e n

t

I n t r o d u c

t i o

n




Examples of current eco-distr icts: Rieselfeld

(Freiburg, Germany)

One main objective was to promote a participatory way of planning and building a sustainable city district. Since the beginning of the project, all the aspects of a new sustainable district were paid attention to: not onlytechnological aspects, but also social, cultural, ecological, urban building and marketing were stressed early on.

The area has a general speedlimit of 30 km/h and there arespecial traffic-calmed streets.Priority is given to publictransport (tram and buses),pedestrians and cyclists.

All houses are connected to thedistrict heating systemfunctioning on a combined heat

and power plant. Renewableenergy such as solar energy,wood pellets and heat pumpsare used widely in the area.

There is an obligation to uselow-energy construction with amaximum energy consumptionof 65 kWh/m²/year in the

houses. There is a wide rangeof building types for differentgroups of people.

The level of residentsatisfaction is high in Rieselfeld.The needs of different groups,

such as handicapped, elderlyand families, have been paid alot of attention to in the district.

The Freiburg City Councilcreated a Public-PrivatePartnership between the city

and the private developersconsisting of more than 110building societies and investors.

The positive image of Rieselfeld as a sustainable residential district with good public services and a resident-friendlyinfrastructure has attracted especially young families and senior citizens. The project group has involved residents in the development process and considered their opinions for improvements.

Mobility Energy


Facts


Population:Residential apt.:Distance to CBD:

70 ha

1994–2012

12,0004,200

4 km

Key learnings

Objectives

Image credits: image 1: Alain Rouiller 2002, image 2: Stadt Freiburg i.Br .




Examples of current eco-distr icts: Vauban

(Freiburg, Germany)

The energy consumption of the district was to be organised efficiently. Extensive use of ecological building materials andsolar energy were other main objectives of the project. Also an increased use of district heating was promoted early on. A lot of attention was given to raising public awareness and participation since the beginning of the project. In transport, priority was given to pedestrians, cyclists and public transport.…

Pedestrian and bicycle pathsare well connected andefficient. Car usage is strictly

restricted in the traffic-calmedstreets and there is a speedlimit of 5 km/h in theresidential area.

Public energy and heat aregenerated by a co-generationplant functioning on woodchips

(80%) and natural gas (20%). In2010, 65% of the electricity wasproduced locally through co-generation and photovoltaics.

All houses in Vauban are builtat least according to a lowenergy standard of 65kWh/m²/year. To promote

versatility in the area,there were no designrequirements for the buildings.

The innovative and participatoryplanning process in Vaubanincluded future residents of the

district. A private NGO, ForumVauban, consisting of residentswas established in 1993.

Actors of the Vauban projectincluded Forum Vauban, theCity of Freiburg and variousother partners such as small co-

housing groups, workingcitizens groups and privatebuilders.

A successful participatory process requires sufficient resources and involves planning as well as implementation phases. The balance of social groups in a district is very important. The reuse of brownfield areas can slow down sub-urbanization in cities.

Mobility Energy


Facts


Population:Residential apt.:Distance to CBD:

38 ha

1997–2009

5,3002,000

3 km

Key learnings

Objectives

Image credits: Stadt Freiburg i.Br .




Content



2The Urban Planning Challenge in midsize European cities• Key development challenges• Examples of current eco-district projects in Europe

11 - 32

3

City of Turku - Pathway towards sustainable urban development• Current situation and future vision o f Turku

• Renewal of existing distric ts & development of new eco-distric ts


33 – 40


41 - 56




Today there is a huge gap between current si tuation and

future vision and thus a challenge to achieve the objectives

• The sustainable solutions carried out have mostlybeen based on exploiting the existing urban form andinfrastructure. New residents and functions have beenlocated in zones with good preconditions for walking,cycling and public transportation.

• Partly due to city center development with itssurroundings since 1990’s, the population has begunto increase particularly in the central areas. At thesame time the urban sprawl has been expanding. Thepopulation of Turku has been growing rapidly duringlast three years and it has exceeded the 180.000border by end of 2012.

• Unfortunately no eco-districts have been carried outyet. Only a few single passive and zero-energy houseshave been built during last years. Instead the situationin use of renewables is better. E.g. waste heat is usedfor district heating and cooling production as well as insome other solutions. In the field of smart solutions thecity of Turku has taken its’ first steps.

• …

The City of Turku today Structural model of 2035

• The structural model of 2035 is set up to increasethe attractiveness of the city and will lead toeconomic and population growth.




A dense urban structure is crucial for an economically

sustainable development e.g. for the infrastructure supply

• Former industrial buildings, particularly in the city center andsurrounding brownfield areas have been re-used as offices,academies, cultural facilities and apartments.

• The densification of the urban structure particularly in thecity center and on the surrounding brownfield areas since

1990’s has resulted in a population growth in the centralparts of Turku.

• 65 % of the population is living in pedestrian, cycling andpublic transportation zones approx. 6 km from the citycenter.

• About 55 % of the working places in Turku (n=95000) arelocated in the city-center.

• According to the objectives of Turku MasterPlan 2035 at least 85 % of the new anddeveloping land use (residential areas,commercial services and other city-centeroriented working places) will be located in the

developed pedestrian, cycling and intensivepublic transportation zones. A sufficientpopulation is a prerequisite for a economicalpublic transportation.

• Vision: Urban structure where you can getalong without a car or at least with one car perhousehold.

Urban form

City of today: Dense urban structure

approximately 6 km from CBD

City of tomor row: To unify the

existing urban structure

Concentration o f p opulation 2009 Concentration of work places 2009




Densification of the urban structure will result in

versatile provision of attractive residential areas

• Since 1980’s the urban structure has expanded into greenfieldareas in the outskirts of the city of Turku as well as in Turku urbanregion.

• The City of Turku and municipalities in the urban region haveprovided plots for single-family houses and granted building

permits on sparsely populated areas, e.g. the number of buildingpermits in sparsely populated areas outside the city plan has grownwith 12 % since 1990 (from 4290 to 4792).

• Residential areas in the outskirts of the city (on the islandsHirvensalo, Satava and Kakskerta, in the northern parts Yli-Maariaand Paattinen) have a low population density. Thus, a large part ofthe areas is classified as car-dependent zone.

• Densification of the urban structure willresult in versatile provision of attractiveresidential areas with services located onwalking and cycling distance as well aspublic transportation zone (or even

intensive public transportation zone).• Minor new residential areas in the car-

dependent zone in order to offer diversehousing taking into account the versatileresidential preferences.

• The amount of building permits based onspecial consents in sparsely populatedareas will be reduced comparing to thedevelopment since 1990 in order to restrict

the uncontrollable urban sprawl.

Urban form

City of today: Accelerating urban sprawl City of tomorrow: To limit the

urban sprawl

Urban sprawl f rom 1980-2005




City of Turku will be developed as a city of walking,

cycling and public t ransportation

• In 2008 30 % of all journeys were made by foot, 13 %by bike, 9 % by public transportation and 48 % by car.

• Comparing modal split in big Finnish cities the share ofwalking is highest in City of Turku.

• Turku ranks second after Helsinki when comparing

share of journeys made by car.• Since 2000 car ownership and traffic has increased

faster than the population.

• Travel by bicycle per inhabitant increases by at least50% from the level of 2006 and the quantity of travelon foot per inhabitant remains at least on the level of2006. The travel quantity in public transportation mustincrease by 2% annually in the period 2010-2030.

Therefore, in 2020, the quantity of travel must be 24%greater than in 2009. The increase in traffic from theurban area to the centre of Turku is in public transport(Climate and Environmental Programme 2009-2013).

Mobility

City of today: Development of means of

transport distributionCity of tomorrow: Towards a city of

walking, cycling and public t ransportation

Modal split in some Finnish citiesModal sp lit in 2008 (=nyky) and in 2035 (=RM35=Structural

model)




Public transportation journeys have been increasing

during the last few years.

• In 2012 over 21 million journeys were made, which is 3% more than in the year before. At the same time thecar journeys have been increasing even more.

• In Turku urban region e.g. 37 % of the journeys in thewalking zone were made walking, 15 % by bike, 6 %

by PT and 39 % by car (2008). In the intensive PTzone 26 % of the journeys were made walking, 13 %by bike, 13 % by PT and 47 % by car. In the cardependent zone 65 % of all journeys were made bycar and in sparsely populated areas the share of

journeys made by car was 86 %.

• The set goals in Climate and Environmental program2009-2013 e.g. for modal split (33% car traffic, current48%) can not be reached with past trends or without abig change in transportation politics.

• The aim is to achieve the modal split set goals of the

Structural Model for Turku urban region 2035: the cartraffic’s share is reduced with 2,5%-units. Even this is atough goal since much of the planned new land-use isoutside the walking and cycling zones.

Mobility

City of today: Development of means of

transport distributionCity of tomorrow: Towards a city of

walking, cycling and public t ransportation

Page 38

Car ownership in 2010 (white=household without car,

black= household with 2 cars)




Current situation of Turku regarding Construct ion,

Energy, Water Supply and Treatment

In the construction practice in Turku, energy regulations are applied, which in the last few years have become more

and more strict. There’s no eco-disticts in Turku. In last years only a few single one-family passive and zero-energyhouses have been built.

Multi-storey areas are mainly connected to the district heating network, except the student’s apartment block TYSIkituuri (geothermal). Nowadays 37 % of the district heating is greenhouse gas emission free production. Legislationgives the possibility to prescribe in the detail plan a site to be connected to the district heating network (or alternativelyan other sustainable heat source)

One-family houses and row houses are usually not in the reach of the district heating network in Turku. Otheralternatives have been adapted instead, such as geothermal, air- or air- and water-source heating pumps. The air- andair- and water-source heating pumps have sensors, which exploit the information of outdoor temperature to regulate the

use of the devices. The need for cooling has increased. The connection to the district cooling network is more eco-friendly than single

separate devices. Snow storage is planned to be used for district cooling production. The waste heat of Kakola waste water treatment plant is utilized in district heating and district cooling production. In

some public buildings the waste heat is utilized, as e.g. in the Impivaara indoor ice rink, where waste heat is recycledfor the cafeteria. The waste heat of Impivaara swimming hall is utilized to cool down the ski trail nearby.

Due to installed contactless meters (new construction and old buildings) the electricity consumers in Turku can followtheir electricity consumption on the net at one hour’s interval.

Water meters per apartment (in new construction, more common also in old buildings) have reduced the waterconsumption.

In suburban settlements (some suburbs) separate heating plants are in use, new centralized plants for heat and energyproduction are planned.

In the 1970 Finland was an exemplary country for sustainable construction (suburbs, element constructions after the oilcrisis). Now, however especially the buildings of this era have proved to be in the weakest position concerning energyefficiency (ERA17)



September 2013© City of Turku & Siemens AG 2013. All righ ts reserved.Page 40Page 40

Turku’s strategy regarding the renewal of exist ing

districts and development of new districts

focus on development of city-center and surroundingbrownfield areas

population growth and increase the number of city-centeroriented working places

good accessibility by PT

housing and working places on walking and cycling distancefrom the services

City-center development aspires to make the city-center moreattractive and lively around the clock all year round.

Exploiting the existing urban structure including e.g.infrastructure and services

Development of the city center and its surrounding brownfieldareas corresponds to the city’s objectives for sustainableunifying of the urban structure.

Skanssi and Castle Town are two city districts which are goingto be developed to sustainable residential areas. The twoareas are very different in nature, but the planning of bothdistricts is going to be sustainable in many ways. Skanssiarea is scheduled to be fully built approximately in 2030 andCastle Town around 2035.

• Renewal of area already completed• Work in progress• No activities planned• Need for action• To be discussed

!

?

!

?

?

Creating an attractive and high quality urban living environment




Content



2 The Urban Planning Challenge in midsize European cities• Key development challenges• Examples of current eco-district projects in Europe

11 - 32

3

City of Turku – Pathway towards a sustainable urban development• Current situation and future vision of Turku• Renewal of existing districts & development of new eco-districts• Sustainable city districts in Turku – a major lever of sustainable growth

33 – 46

4Case for action – Sustainable living and working environments• The planning and management challenge

• The technology and innovation challenge 47 - xx




Case for action – Sustainable living and working

environments

Sustainable Urban Development

Cities are competing globally

to make their urban areas

attractive to live and to invest in

Challenge to balance betweencompetitiveness, environment andquality of life, and to finance infrastructure solutions

Achieve committed CO2 targets

Compe-titiveness

Environ-ment

Qualityof Life

Gover-nance

Low-loss power

distribution Integrated urban

trans. systems

Street lighting

with LEDs

Energy-efficient

buildings

Renewable

energies

Traffic manage-

ment systems

Existing technology achieves high gains

in effi ciency and CO2 abatement

The city needs to meet the challenges arising fo r global megatrends. Existing technologies and best practices

can help to meet them.

How to develop the city and exploit poss ibilit ies of technology and environment in a sustainable way?

Page 42




Key challenges regarding urban image and

technologies…

Key challengesregarding urban image

Key challenges regardingtechnologies

To avoid social segregation To develop a socially mixed neighborhood

(e.g. Stockholm Royal Seaport)

Lack of state support for social/subsidizedhousing (e.g. Rieselfeld) To be competitive with other districts of the

Turku when trying to attract residents to thearea (e.g. Stockholm Royal Seaport)

To create district image according to futureresidents needs & interests

To preserve biodiversity in the development

(e.g. Vuores)

To provide innovative and visionary solutionsthat are feasible in the future

To manage financial risks of long-term

infrastructure technology related investments To find appropriate financing and businessmodels to manage the high investment costoccurring

To anticipate potential technical progress andto be able to integrate the respective changesinto the ongoing planning or execution phase

To find feasible sustainable technologies

which are applicable for Finnish specifics(weather conditions, legislation etc.)

Q u a

l i t y o

f l i f e

Urbanimage

Technologies

Policies

Operating models

Planning

To create a distri ct image that attracts

the intended future residents

To provide technologies which enable

sustainable behaviour

Q u a

l i t y o

f l i f e

Urbanimage

Technologies

Policies

Operating models

Planning




Key development challenges regarding urban

planning (1/2)

Key challenges regarding planning

To provide a high quality of urban design despite the financing challenge To prevent of urban sprawl To use clear and functional criteria in the planning process (e.g. difficulties faced with PIMWAG) (e.g. Eco-Viikki) To receive the approval of all stakeholders involved (citizens, environmental authorities etc.) (e.g. Vuores)

To receive cooperation and agreements throughout the entire project from all stakeholders. (e.g. Skaftkärr, Vauban) To define ambitious yet feasible (ecological) targets under consideration of financing issues and legislation (e.g.

Skaftkärr) To validly transfer solutions from the benchmarking districts to the districts of Turku. (e.g. Skaftkärr) To plan both infrastructure and services in a way that reduces the need for transport, esp. private car transport.

(e.g. good connections to CBD, arrangement of parking lots, provision of community facilities and services withinthe districts)

To implement change management processes regarding the development process and the lifestyles of the futureresidents (e.g. Stockholm Royal Seaport)

To consider the increased payback time of green buildings compared to standard buildings as well as slightlyhigher rents as well as to bear in mind that the building lifespan is longer and the energy costs are lower

To integrate participative processes into planning

Q u a

l i t y o

f l i f e

Urbanimage

Technologies

Policies

Operating models

Planning




Key development challenges regarding policies &

operating models

Key challengesregarding policies

Key challenges regardingoperating models

To define consistent and coherent standard for theassessment of the ecological level of aninfrastructure solution (e.g. The PIMWAG (Eco-Viikki) approach)

To define a minimum standard for the developmentof sustainable district infrastructure

To be aware that materials and new technologiescan contribute to the sustainable development of adistrict must obey higher than usual standards andthus increase costs (e.g. Bo01)

To find appropriate operating models to manage thehigh investment cost occurring

To find appropriate financing models to manage thehigh investment cost occurring

To provide good services to the residents and visitors

To enable the implementation of

sustainable technologies

To close the bridge between cost

effectiveness and comfort

Q u a

l i t y o

f l i f e

Urbanimage

Technologies

Policies

Operating models

Planning

Q u a

l i t y o

f l i f e

Urbanimage

Technologies

Policies

Operating models

Planning




The planning and management challenge

City planning view

City planning

In ambitious and complexed city-planning tasks the projectsneed clear visions, open discussion, common goals and goodtools to manage the project.

City planning is always a multi-dimensional project that must

not forget any of the traditional parts of the city-planning. Thenew solutions must adapt to the other plans and the cityplanning can not concentrate too much on one or few solutions.

The new solutions chosen may not be driven only by a certainarea or project, they must always be part of the City Strategy.For new solutions there must be a strong support in all thedecisions making in the city.

The need of information in all levels must not beunderestimated.

People involved in theprocess must

• Share the main goals

• Commit to the project

• Trust the open dialog andco-operative processes

• Tolerate uncertainty duringthe process

• Manage the risks, not avoidthem totally

Attitude

“ Communication is the Key to Success”




The planning and management challenge

Management view

• plan• communicate• choose / decide• manage the whole project in its compatibility

• building cost• operating cost• economical benefits• financial models for the solution

• size• amount• location• special needs / restrictions

• the project managing• the planning process• the city-level• the area-level• buildings and their surroundings

We need tools that help us to: We need knowledge on the physical needs

of the new solutions:

We need to understand the influence of the

solution to the project in:

We need understanding on the financial

background of the solutions:

“ We need to know the steps that need to be taken to achieve the solution”




The technology and the innovation challenge

•to integrate small scale solutions on districtlevel which are coherent with the city’s strategicgoals and the district’s operational goals•to identify feasible solutions and integrate theirprerequisites in planning today•to identify and define solutions which arevisionary and effective today but yet acceptedand state-of-the art technologies in the future

•to create solutions which are feasible tointegrate solutions from different providers bydefined standards and open interfaces•to care for technology compatibility (fromdifferent distributors as well as older and newertechnologies as the implementation processmay be long)

•to find technologies feasible for Skanssi &Castle Town which additionally have a goodrollout potential for the remaining city districts

Today the solutions stand for themselves

Tomorrow will be brought in the context of districtplanning..

EconomyCity

logistics

Urban pro-cessorg.

Change

Businessbuildings


Ecology

Smartmobility

Smart Grid

Safety &security

I & C



Communitybuildings

Energysupply

Economy

Businessbuildings

Safety &security

I & C

Community


Communitybuildings

Energysupply




From isolated technologies to integrated solutions

Requirements are drastically changing from closed island solutions / single productsto interlinked intelligent infrastructure solutions

City of today City of tomorrow

• many operating systems with different interfaces• Infrastrcuture controlled by individual management

systems• Efficient, centralized energy system• Public transport based on bus-service and e-

Ticketing is to be introduced• Single tendering

• reducing the number of operating systems bystandardized interfaces

• Intermodal, efficient & effective mobility• Sustainable & decentralizedenergy supply

• Efficient water supply & waste management• Security• Reduced carbon footprint of the entire city• Concerted solution planning

EconomyCity

logistics

Urban pro-cess

org.Change

Businessbuildings


Ecology

Smartmobility

Smart Grid

Safety &

security

I & C



Communitybuildings

Energysupply

Economy

Business

buildings Ecology

Smartmobility

Safety &security

I & C

Community

Qualityof Life


...

Communitybuildings

Energysupply

Page 49




Financing, Operating & Business Models can help to

overcome the different stakeholder’s interests

The various stakeholders involved in the creation of a district have different and partly competing interests andincentives regarding energy efficient solutions

Challenge

Municipality Financing: Conventional procurementconcept based on Municipality risk (public sector directfunding, international financial institutions and funds ofEU, private financing providers)

Project financing is based upon a non-recourse orlimited recourse financial structure where project debtand equity are paid back from the cash flow generated bythe project (e.g. Public Private Partnerships)

New Finance Models

E.g. Traditional supply contracts (customers buy aproduct or equipment together with accompanyingservices and pay the purchase price upondelivery/acceptance or according to milestones) vs.Performance Contracting (supplier guarantees a certainperformance, e.g. energy savings, or availability of itsproducts and services during the contract term and thecustomers pay regular installments)

New Operating Models

…




Exemplary financing model:

Three budgetary pots at Vienna public transport

Vienna, Austr ia

Wiener Linien is an integrated publictransport service provider managing andoperating 5 underground lines, 28tramway lines and 90 bus lines in the cityof Vienna, Austria

The financing model is based on threebudgetary pots:

1. Financial compensation: Fixed amountfor personnel costs maintenance costs.100% financed through the city of Vienna

2. Cap ital supply: All investment exceptnew underground construction, +1.5%p.a.

100% financed through the city of Vienna3. Investment underground construction:

Only provided for new construction of theunderground. 50% financed through thestate of Austria, 50% financed throughthe city of Vienna




Exemplary operating model:

Performance contracting at Kulturforum Berlin

Berlin, Germany

The Kulturforum Berlin (culture forumBerlin) was in urgent need ofmodernizing its technical equipment but no funds had been allotted for this inthe mid-term.

Siemens Financial Services was able tooffer energy-saving performance

contracting to finance the neededinvestments without impacting thebudget: Siemens guarantees annualenergy savings of 30%

Results: Taking the pressure of the public

funds, enhancing the building‘s energyefficiency in a way the investmentsamortized from guaranteed energy andoperating costs savings in due time



September 2013© City of Turku & Siemens AG 2013. All righ ts reserved.Page 53Page 53Page 53

• The city was in charge• People had limited power

• Constructers were tofollow instructions• Construction was

motivated by short-termprofit

• Co-operation was project-based

• Networks tended to be

driven by personalbusiness interest

• Knowledge is shared andcreated in interaction

• People are empowered

• Constructers are part ofsolution development

• Construction aims at life-cycle profitability

• Co-operation is continuous• Stakeholder-networks

combine a wide range ofcompetence

Successful urban planning and implementation processes involve actual and potential stakeholdersearly on and utilize their competencies for co-creation.

City of yesterday was designed for people City of tomorrow is created with people

New forms of collaboration

Co-

creating

the vision

Defining thechallenges

together

Profile,

targets,

KPI

Infrastruc-

ture Plg.

Re-evaluate

and improve

Reali-

zation

Modern city and distri ct development is shaped together with stakeholders based on a wide range of

competencies and resources. The process is high ly co-operative and transparent.



September 2013


Objectives and measures applied in the reference

cases (1/2)

Mobility

Energy

Buildings

Water &

waste

Reducing private car traffic Promoting walking, cycling

and the use of publictransport

Renewable energy use Energy efficiency in

buildings, services,surroundings and transportsolutions

Better utilization of water Efficient water saving and

treatment Reducing waste production Efficient recycling

Speed limits, traffic-calmed streets (e.g. Freiburg: Rieselfeld, Vauban) Carpools (e.g. Stockholm: Hammarby Sjöstad) Limited & priced parking opportunities for carsMulti-use parking facilities - parking for bikes and cars, public transport

connections (e.g. Malmö: Hyllie) Public transport networks, easy access for all Bicycles for hire, parking facilities for bicycles, bike-sharingGood and accessible cycle & pedestrian paths

Use of renewable energy sources: Solar panels, solar cells, geothermal heat, wind energy, wood

pellets, biogas, purified waste heat Low-energy houses, zero energy houses Smart Grid applications in buildings, infrastructure & electrical systems (e.g.

Stockholm Royal Seaport; Malmö: Hyllie)

Recycling (e.g. sewage into biogas used e.g. for cooking)Organic treatment of storm waters, rainwater collection

infiltration & wetland systems (e.g. Tampere: Vuores) part of landscape planning

Utilizing storm waters in houses Underground waste collection systems, vacuum waste chute systems (e.g.

Tampere: Vuores; Malmö: Bo01) Promotion of recycling, innovative solutions for recycling

Combustible garbage used for electricity & hot water (e.g.Stockholm: Hammarby Sjöstad)

Objectives of the reference cases Measures that have been proven successful

In the Study on European Eco-districts the reference cities were discovered to have ambitious objectives on eight different themes:

energy, buildings, mobility, water & waste, social issues, ecology & environment, urban structure and management & financing. Theobjectives were successfully reached by a variety of measures. The objectives and measures were compared with the planned onesof Turku and can potentially be implemented in Skanssi and Castle Town.

Page 54



September 2013


Page 55

Objectives and measures applied in the reference

cases (2/2)

Feasibility Profitability Efficient partnerships

A versatile cityscape A flexible structure

Supporting and increasing

biodiversity Incorporating green spaces in

the residential districts

Public & Private Partnerships Subsidies from the EU National Government’s support Participation in research programs (e.g. Tampere: Vuores) Involvement of network companies (water, electricity etc.) Leasing/selling of the district land owned by the City for different developers

A diverse architecture Preserving the history of the area No design requirements greater variability (e.g. Malmö: Bo01) Adaptable solutions Combination of work and leisure in the same area Environmental art (e.g. Tampere: Vuores)

Ecological building materials Incorporating green elements in the architecture

Green roofs & walls (e.g. Malmö: Bo01) Creating green belts reaching the buildings (e.g. Helsinki: Eco-Viikki) Designing green spaces together with residents Allotment plots for residents

Objectives of the reference cases Measures that have been proven successful

Urban

structure

Ecology &

environment

Management

& financing

Social Issues Creating sense of community Possibilities for living, working

and recreation in the samearea

Common areas (shared gardens, saunas, work places, etc.) (e.g. Helsinki:Eco-Viikki) Designing facilities according to residents’ needs (e.g. Freiburg: Rieselfeld) Balance of different social and age groups, subsidized housing (e.g.

Vienna: Aspern; Helsinki: Eco-Viikki) Good service supply reduces the need for transport



September 2013


Page 56

How to create a sustainable city district and promote

green growth in the city

Sources of pictures: Lennart Johansson, City of Stockholm

• Overall vision and the means forachieving it

• Involving the residents from thebeginning

• Full commitment & cooperation of the project partners

• Emphasizing the special

elements of the area - e.g. stormwater management, smart grid –since the beginning

• Implementing the sustainable

technologies & practices in thearea – e.g. public transport – fromthe start

• Comprehensive research workand profitability calculations

• Taking into account the financial

risks of investments in newtechnologies

• Adaptabi li ty to future trends

• Economic growth

• Population growth• Attractiveness & good image of the

city• Decrease in GHG emissions

Impacts on the City level

Green growth

Aspects of the planning

process to be consideredthroughout the project

Sustainable city district

•Sustainable lifestyle of residents:encouraging and informing theresidents about sustainable habits

•Continuous monitoring also afterthe construction

•Clear and adequate follow up goals

•Comprehensive documentation of

the results open availability of theresults for benchmarking

•The posit ive image of a residential

housing area can attract futureresidents to move into the district

•Integrating all social groups in thedistrict creates balance in the area

•Sustainable urban districts can alsohave an important role in decreasing

or preventing the expansion of

urban development around a city.

Aspects to be considered after

the construction of the district



September 2013


Page 57

Content 2

Content Page


Content 2Skanssi and Castle Town –

Cornerstones of a sustainable development concept57 - 210




September 2013


Content 2


1Skanssi & Castle Town• Status quo and goals

• KPI systems to monitor and control

58 - 71

2 Smart Buildings in Smart Grids – The backbone of sustainability 72 - 121

3 Mobility & Logistics – Connectivity and sustainableon-site transport

122 - 160

4 Social Issues 161 - 190

5 Smart City Services 191 - 203

6 Implementation 204 - 210



September 2013


Page 59

Skanssi shall be designed according to the following

parameters

Skanssi

Source: behance.net; designbuildsource.com.au; dhhs.ne.gov; saunaflow.com

USP

KPI

Tech-

nolo-gies

• Living Oasis

• Increase in population• Decrease in CO2

• Standardized automation in building

• Distributed & local power generation• E-car sharing• E-public transport• IMP

Time

Area

• 2030

• Greenfield area between two forestridges, two main roads of Helsinki

highway and regional road 110.Km to CBD • 4 km

Skanssi is a gr eenfield area located between two forest ridges, two mainroads of Helsinki highway and regional road 110. Distance from Skanssi tothe centre of Turku is approximately 4 kilometres and there are alreadybuses running from Skanssi to the centre. Construction of the first phase

of the residential area of Skanssi started in 2011, and there is already anew shopping mall in the district opened to public in 2009.

Sk i i ll b t i bl i ti



September 2013


Page 60

Skanssi will be a sustainable, innovative

and modern district…

Community, all-age-oriented,integrated, tolerant, diverse

Open community

Smart Services, shopping,consumeristic, Micro Business

Smart working & shopping

PT Orientation, green transport,accessible, country access

Green access

Innovative, modern, modern design

Pioneer architecture

Sustainable, orientation by nature,recreation, natural

Natural focus

Visualization of Skanssi profi le

Source: Turku, Siemens, http://nett.umich.edu/ http://cte.umd.edu gcegroup.com inhabitblog.com



September 2013


Page 62

Castle Town shall be designed according to the following

parameters

Castle Town

Source: behance.net; designbuildsource.com.au; dhhs.ne.gov; saunaflow.com

USP • Incubator Urban Lab

• Economic growth• Decrease in CO2• Increase in population

• Standardized automation in building• Distributed & local power generation• E-car sharing• E-public transport• IMP

KPI

Tech-

nolo-gies

Time

Area

Distance to

CBD

• 2035

• brownfield area with soil requiringvast measures before it can be build

on• …km

Castle Town is located near the city centre. A bit more than a half of theplanning area of Castle Town consists of so called brownfield areas. Theseabandoned or under-used industrial and railroad areas are challenging forthe developing process because the contained soil requires vast measuresbefore it can be used for housing, offices or business premises. CastleTown is still under planning, and the construction work is going to start atthe earliest in 2013.

C tl T ill b it l d i ti di t i t



September 2013


Page 63

Castle Town will be a vital and innovative district

representing future urban life and business

Community, vital, integrated, tolerant,diverse, vivid, dense, entertainment,night life

Urban flair

StartUp culture, micro business,smart services

Business incubator

Accessible, PT Orientation, biking

lanes, harbor hub

Centre access

Innovative, modern, sustainable

Hip Castle Town

Visualization of Castle Town profi le

Source: Siemens, http://cte.umd.edu gotikanime1111.deviantart.com biketempe.org



September 2013


Page 64

Through our solutions, we are able to address the dif ferent

needs of Castle Town’s inhabitants and its infrastructure

Modern urban citizens• Busy citizens, living urban

life in a swift environment

• Entertainment• Urban lifestyle• Night life

• Entertainment facilities• Sport facilities• 24h-retailing• Fast access

Working people

• Employees andentrepreneurs seekingchances

• Career opportunities

• Business environment

• Integrated mobility

• Easy commuting

B2B• Industrial and service

business selling to otherbusinesses

• Business opportunities• Other businesses• Work force• High reputation of area

• Impressing architecture• High business density

Families

• Wealthy andyoung families

• Privacy

• Security• Neighborhood

• Good schools

• Traffic-calmed living• Room for privacy• Security systems

Minority groups

• Immigrants, disabledpeople

• Tolerance• Equal chances• A new home

• Integrated schools• Community facilities

Hypotheses regarding the future inhabitants of Castle Town

Descript ion Looking for Implications for Infrastr. Solutions

• Car sharing & citybike rental

• Community areas

• Travel chains

• Informationmanagementsolution

• Open Standards• Decentralized

EnergyManagement

• Standardized

Security Systems• Family orientation

• Community areas• Adapting to do

demogr. change &future trends

Source: http://www.whattoseeinvenice.com/tag/ http://www.londonhelp4u.co.uk, http://core3solutions.com/http://talkingyouth.wordpress.com/ http://reasonradionetwork.com/2 http://rack.3.mshcdn.com

Key Performance Indicators show whether or not we

http://www.londonhelp4u.co.uk/

http://www.londonhelp4u.co.uk/



September 2013


Page 65Page 65

Key Performance Indicators show whether or not we

are on the right track to meeting our goals

Examples of KPIs for Skanssi & Castle Town Explanation

KPI = Key Performance Indicator

KPIs can be used to monitor theIndicators during planning, buildingand use of the areas

The chosen KPIs must be

approved by city council so that theIndicators have a sufficient value inthe process

The number of chosen KPIs mustnot be too high in order to focus onthe most important indicators

There are quantitative andqualitative KPIs. It is important tofind ways to measure also thequalitative KPIs

Number of inhabitants

Skanssi: 8,000 Castle Town: 15,000

Amount of energy used and produced in the area

Produced solar power KWh / m² (gfa) (to be defined) Use of energy KWh / inhabitant / year (to be defined)

Peak energy maximum KW / inhabitant (to be defined)

Traffic-share, transport percentage:

Public transportation (goal > 15 %) Private cars (< 40 %) Bicycling (> 15 %)

Walking (> 30 %)

Innovative Smart Services in the area

Image of the Area

Co-operative planning procedures Q u a

l i t a t i v e

Q u a n

t i t a

t i v e



September 2013


Page 66

How can we measure these KPIs?

Page 66

2. Key PerformanceIndicators

4. Technologies,Solutions,Sensors etc.

City Cockpit addressesthe status of KPIs by

aggregating relevant data

Smart

BuildingsTechnologies

City Logistics

Technologiesand e-mobili ty

Smart Grid

and MeteringTechnologies

Public Transport

Technologies

Intelligent Traffic

ManagementTechnologies

City1. Use Cases

3. IT / Data System

Source: Siemens

All data from use cases in the city is gathered and the respect ive KPIs calculated.

The various technological solutions are also providing data through a data system,

thus the City Cockpit aggregates data from various sources outlining the most

relevant for the user

The city cockpit provides the city administration



September 2013


Page 67

The city cockpit provides the city administration

steady feedback on the predefined KPIs

Explanation

Source: Siemens

A city cockpit is a way tomonitor the performanceof a city or a city district

The performance isbased on predefinedKPIs in the

correspondinginfrastructure areas

If the respective featuresare enabled thecapability of the citycockpit advances from asheer monitoring &

controlling tool to a moreintelligent level with thecapability of prediction,modeling & simulation

City Cockpit dashboard

T b id th b t th t t t i i f



September 2013


Page 68

To bridge the gap between the status quo to our vision for

both distr icts, an integrated planning process was used

DescriptionMajor components of city planning

Agreeing on common goals and ways to measure and moni tor the

achievements, is essential for a successful cooperation

Publicopinion

Objectivesof the area

Technicalsolutions Stakeholders

Cityplanning

City planning process follows 3 steps:

Regional planning Master planning Detailed city planning

In every part of the process we need further co-operation with the stakeholders and citizens in orderto improve the services and technical solutions.

Process involves: City planners Public opinion Political decision-making Building planners System planners Construction companies

Financing Service planners and operators



September 2013


Assessing the performance of the reference districts

The ten reference districts which were analyzed in the Study

on European Eco-districts were further evaluated regarding aset of themes/categories of sustainability. Theperformances of the districts were assessed in the sevencategories of energy, buildings, transport, waste & water,social issues, actors & green policies and issues in city level(page X: Deriving KPIs..). These categories included 23individual qualitative indicators, each of which consists of a

set of criteria that describe the indicator in question .

The indicators were mainly based on the European Green City Index conducted by the Economist Intelligence Unit incooperation with Siemens, which assesses the environmental impact of Europe’s major cities. The findings of the Study onEuropean Eco-districts and the objectives of the cooperation project of the City of Turku and Siemens also influenced thecreation of the set of indicators.

Out of the 23 sustainability indicators, the nine most relevant indicators for t he planning of Skanssi and Castle Town

(page X) were selected. The districts which were the most successful regarding these indicators are presented on page X (Themost relevant...). The selected finished reference districts showcase the areas in which the results of the practices used werehighly successful compared to other European cities, while the chosen districts under development demonstrate the districts

where the indicator was planned to be used extensively. These most successful districts are good examples of creatingsustainability in urban environments.

Based on the analysis of the sustainability indicators for the reference districts and the selection of the relevant indicators forTurku, a set of examples of KPIs for Skanssi & Castle Town were formulated (p. X: Key…). These Key Performance Indicatorsare good indicators of how the objectives for the districts can be reached.

23sustainabi

lityindicators33 criteria

7themes

Assessmentof the

performance

of the

reference

districts

A p p

l y i n g

K P I i

n T u r k u

B a s

i s o f

i n d i c a

t o r s

I n t r o d u c

t i o n

Deriving KPIs for Skanssi and Castle Town from the



September 2013


Deriving KPIs for Skanssi and Castle Town from the

sustainability indicators

Key Perfor-

mance

Indicators

forSkanssi &

Linnakau-

punki

Renewable energy consumption

Local energy production

Smart grid applications

Energy-efficient buildings

Making use of existing buildings/areas

Restriction of private car parking/usage

Promotion of green transport

Subsidized/less-expensive housing

A moderate amount of rental housing

Good service supply

Common areas/activities for theresidents

Car sharing model

Services for cyclists

Development of partnership models

Decrease of CO2 emissions

Green policies

Public participation in green policy

Business involvement

Efficient waste treatment

Sustainable storm water management Increase in population

Economic growth

E n e r g y

B u

i l -

d i n

g s

M o

b i l i t y

W a

t e r

&

w a s

t e

S o c

i a l I s s u e s

A c

t o r s

&

G r e e n

P o

l i c i e s

I s s u e s

i n C i t y

L e v e

l

Impact on the image of the city

Impact on

Planning

Policies

Sustainability categories and indicators

D e r i v

i n g

t h e m o s

t r e

l e v a n

t K P I s

Overview of the most relevant sustainability indicators for

Skanssi and Castle Town and the most successful



September 2013


Page 71

Skanssi and Castle Town and the most successful

reference districts regarding these indicators

Page 71

Category Sustainabilit y Indicator

Best Performances

Finished districts

resultsDistricts un der development

targets

Energy Renewable energy consumption Bo01 (Malmö, Sweden) Vauban (Freiburg, Germany)

Vuores (Tampere, Finland) Skaftkärr (Porvoo, Finland) Hyllie (Malmö, Sweden)

Local energy production Bo01 Vuores

Skaftkärr

Hyllie

Smart grid applications – Stockholm Royal Seaport (Stockholm,Sweden)

Hyllie Aspern (Vienna, Austria)

Buildings Energy-efficient buildings Vauban Stockholm Royal Seaport

Hyllie

Asp ern

Mobility Restriction of private car parking / usage Bo01

Rieselfeld (Freiburg, Germany) Vauban

–

Promotion of green transport Hammarby Sjöstad (Stockholm, Sweden) Bo01

Rieselfeld Vauban

Vuores

Stockholm Royal Seaport

Asp ern

Services for cyclists Vauban Skaftkärr


Hyllie

Aspern

Car sharing model Hammarby Sjöstad

Vauban


Social Issues Common areas /activities for the residents

Eco-Viikki (Helsinki, Finland) Rieselfeld

Vauban

Vuores



September 2013


Content 2 / 2


1Skanssi & Castle Town• Status quo and goals• KPI systems to monitor and control

2 Smart Buildings in Smart Grids – The backbone of sustainability

3 Mobility & Logistics – Connectivity and sustainableon-site transport

4 Social Issues

5 Smart City Services

6 Implementation

58 - 71

72 - 121

122 - 160

161 - 190

191 - 203

204 - 210



September 2013


The selection process of districts relevant solutions

Pre-selection phase

To be

prioritized

&

integrated

into

planning

Our methodological approach during the workshop

• All possiblesolutions

across all theurbaninfrastructureareas onregional,(mega-) city-and district-level

Filter 1 Filter 2 Filter 3

Selectionof districtrelevantinfrastructuredomains

Expertselectionon sus-tainableinnovativedistrictcriteria

Citydistrictplannerselection

• Generaldistrictrelevantsolutions

• Districtsolutionsmatching tocity strategy

• Districtsolutionsmatching todistrict profile

Scoping: Turku – the time horizon for district



September 2013


Scoping: Turku the time horizon for district

solutions

Continuous challenging of infrastructure solutions – living lab initiative

Continuous innovation dialogue with infrastructure provi ders

Skanssi(picture today)

Castle Town(picture today)

photoor planning pic


photo

or planning pic


photo

or planning pic


photo

or planning pic

2013 2020 2025 2030 20351st phase: first residentsconstruction

2nd phase: districtsinstallations for transport &energy, as well ascommunity living

3rd phase: growresidents & firstbusinesses

4th phase: grow businesspark

focus of report

developmentpath forinfrastructuresolutions

future outlookfocus in 1stresidential building& basicinfrastructure current solutions

focus on enrgy andtransport solutions not too fancy, realisticscenarios, availablesolutions to scale, e.g.LR connectivity

Key automation ofbuildings & energygrid



September 2013


Page 75

Infrastructures in districts/ urban planning

economic growthCAPEX & OPEX calc.socialresponsibility

• Urbantransportsolutions

• Urbanenergysolutions

• Urbanbuildings

solutions

• IT Comm

&

• Smart CityServices

PublicfurnitureUrbandesignsoltuions

Urbanwastesolutions

Urbanwatersolutions

How is a comprehensiveconnectivity ensured?

Are the mobility needs of allgroups of residents covered?

Will this config. serve to achievethe ecol. targets?

Can interconnected buildingsincrease the energy-efficiency?

How can we combine future-ready

and versatile buildings makesecure and comfortable?

In what way are the servicesbeneficial for the residents?

Do the services support achievingthe ecol. or social targets?

How can we realize sustainablebut still affordable energy? How can we plan with reliable

energy supply if the energy marketis shifting?

Key questions to be answered for a sustainable district

Social issuesTransport chain

Energy flows

City smart services

Building flows

2

1

3

Dev

NWDC

ServicesApps

SW

1

2

3

12

3

City

District

(inter-)regional access3

1 City connection

Within district transport

Energy storage

solutions

Grid

management

• efficient• functional• accessible• comfort., safe• sustainable

• reliable• secure• autonomous• sustainable

• energy-efficient• secure• comfortable

• design

• smart services• community• safety• quality of life

• people & goodtransport

• PT & IT• sustainable

mode mix

• generation• grid mamgt• storage

• consumption• heating• lighting

• cooling

• informationprovision

• data mgmt• guidance• IT based

citizen services

local

energy

generation

2

ecol. responsibilityCO2 saving potential

Through our chosen buildings and energy solutions we



September 2013


Page 76

Through our chosen buildings and energy solutions, we

are able to address the district’s most urgent requirements

Ranked challenges & requirements towards the buildings & energy infrastructure

Innovative districts through innovative solutions1

Sustainable living2

Enabling Smart Services3

Innovative

Smart BuildingsAutomation

using weatherforecast

Sustain-

able

ElectricityStorage

Solar panels

Smart

Services

StandardizedSecurity

Systems

Reliable

EnergyDistribution

AutomationCommunicationNetworkInfrastructure

Reliable energy supply4

Low energy costs 5

Versatile infrastructure6

Low energy

costs

DecentralizedEnergy

Management

Versatile

OpenStandards in

Buildings

1 2 3 4 5 6

There are interdependencies and overlaps between



September 2013


Page 77

There are interdependencies and overlaps between

the various energy and buildings solutions

Decentralized Energy Management

Energy & Buildings Solutions

Open Standards inBuildings

Energy DistributionAutomation

Communication networkinfrastructure

Advanced solutions

Standardized SecuritySystems

Automation using weatherforecast

Electricity storage

Solar panels

Smart Building solutions

Explanation

Basic solutions areprerequisite to implementadvanced solutions

“Standardized SecuritySystems“ and

“Automation usingweather forecast“ are partof the “Smart BuildingSolutions“

“Decentralized EnergyManagement“ is a

management solutionthrough which all othersolutions can be steered& controlled

Basic / enabling solutionsenable

The building and energy solutions show a potential



September 2013


Page 78

The building and energy solutions show a potential

of decreasing residential CO2 emissions by 42%

Cumulated CO2 abatement potential in the energy &

buildings infrastructure area Explanation

14.474

24.948

tons

CO2/year

-42%

Optimized

Baseline

Pred.

autom.usingweatherforecast

5

Smart

Buildings

3.742

Solar

panels

6.728

Baseline

Total CO2 emissionsaving potential = 10000tons per year (42%) inSkanssi’s and CastleTown’s combinedresidential area

Solar panels are thebiggest lever and cansave up to 6.7 tons

Through Smart Buildingswe can save CO2emissions of up to 3.7tons in Skanssi andCastle Town

Predictive automation hasonly a very small impact,up to 5 tons of CO2savings possible per year



September 2013


Page 79

Optimization of property specific energyproduction

Reduction of energy consumption .

Reducing the carbon footprint of construction

Introduction of distributed energy sources(solar, wind) in order to complement central

energy production

Current situation in Turku

Utilization of smart energy network in properties/apartmentsFocus on local energy production

Skanssi: Smart Distribution network to be developed (greenfield area)

Castle Town: Existing distribution network to be upgraded (ie. feeder automation, support of two wayenergy flow)

Only central Energy infrastructure for Power andHeat available

New bio mass based power plant in tender phase

Current waste-energy plant’s environmentallicense is ending

Distribution network does support future

investments on smart solutions

Situation of Energy in Turku Objectives of Energy in Turku

Specif ic objectives of Energy in Skanssi & Castle Town

Electricity Storage



September 2013


Page 80

Electricity Storage

Energy, Skanssi & Castle Town

Source: Siemens

Electricity storage for Skanssi & Castle Town at a



September 2013


Electricity-storage systems are able to act as a buffer inelectrical power grids

The aim is to provide a buffer against short-term fluctuationsin output from renewable energy sources. Such fluctuationscan last for seconds or several minutes long.

As a result, there's no need to adjust controls at powerstations - a procedure that reduces efficiency and increasescosts.

Modern energy storage combines cutting-edge power

electronics for grid applications and the latest high-performance Li-Ion batteries. It provides power up to severalMega Watts at capacities from 0.2 up to 2 MWh. Themodular designs enables power and capacity to be adaptedto specific demands and ensures for the district a highavailability and reliability.

Recommendation1): 1 device per district

Cooperation with Skanssi shopping mall for certain periodspossible

The devices require a lot of space but can be placedanywhere: Basement of buildings, subway stations,outside, etc.

y g

glance

Comprehensive energymanagement system available

Distributed power generationdone

Intelligent network componentsinstalled

Secure communicationinfrastructure set up

Prerequisites

Description of solutionCase for action

Power system stability

Output

Time

Load

Overload

Underload

Black start capability forguaranteeingcontinuous power supply

Improvement of power quality

Black start capability forguaranteeingcontinuous power supply

Optimizing tariffs and improveenergy autonomy

e-Car Quick Charging

Minimize energy losses, Enableseffective storage of distributedenergy

Peak Load Management,Combining local energyproduction with central needsmanagement

Distributed energy with fluctuatingsupply, Improvement of System

Average Interruption DurationIndex (SAIDI)

Example: Placement in shopping center

Source: Turku, Siemens expert estimation basing on reference in Kalasatama Helsinki

Electricity storage for Skanssi & Castle Town at a



September 2013


.

y g

glance

Implementation plan and rollout potential

Citizens Seamless system, does not require end user participation

High system availability and power quality

Enabling storage of privately produced energy

Lower energy costs through more efficient energy usage

Investors

New business models: Private storage, energy market,peak load management, etc

Energy storage may be used in co -operation with FingridOyj by offering frequency regulation services

City administration Supports large scale distributed energy production

Enables optimization of grid investments

Cleaner environment

Less supply losses Improvement peak load handling

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

Question of device ownership: City,construction company, residents?

Safety / Insurance concept

Pricing concept

Maintenance concept Battery choice (lifetime, capacity, …) Location of devices Safety concept rollout

Interdependency with DEM

Batteries have to be replaced Steady adaptation of set-up and number

of devices to energy roadmap

~ 1 year

> 6 months

3 months

1 – 2 years

Continuously

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Enough space for devices required Suitable location for devices needed

Cooling system in devices are noisy, social acceptance required (acousticfit)

In case of outside location, the devices have to optically fit into the district‘s

landscape (esthetic fit) With the current generation of electricity storage it is not yet possible to

earn money => The city needs to be willing to subvention this solution

Without demand & supply deviations, there is no need for storage => peakloads necessary

As soon as the new generation of electricity storage devices and thetechnological process increase the economical attractiveness, the rolloutpotential will increase from a medium to a high level

Requirements / prerequisites

I m p

l e m e n

t a t i o n p

l a n

R o

l l o u

t p o

t e n

t i a l

Overall

transferability



Solar panels



September 2013


Page 84

p


Source: Siemens, http://en.wikipedia.org http://www.flickr.com



September 2013


Solar panels generate electricity out of sun light

Solar panel = Packaged, connected assembly of photovoltaiccells

The electricity produced can either be used for ownconsumption or it can be fed back into the energy grid

Potential location of panels: Roof tops, house walls, publictransport stations

The energy output of solar panels relies on the quality of thepanels, the exposition to sunlight and the efficiency of thegrid

The exact location of panels is a critical success factor andshould be considered from an early phase of planning

Panels in the Turku region produce ~ 900 kWh/m² per year

Today‘s solutions show an efficiency factor of up to 20%

New solutions show the potential to achieve much higherfactors: E.g. CPV (concentrated photovoltaic): Similar to aloupe, sunlight is bundled before it hits the panels thusincreasing the intensity of the light and the power generated

=> efficiency factor of ~ 40% Solar panels can be installed on every building with sunshine

access

Public places (e.g. bus stop stations can also be equippedwith panels)

Long term goal: 20,000 m² solar power plant on Skanssi‘sroofs, 37,500 m² in Castle Town

Solar panels for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance

Social acceptance of energysolutions (e.g. panels at busstations)

Metering strategy for allconsumption and energy sources

Energy reporting strategy

Prerequisites


Equipping the districts withpanels will make theresidents decrease theresidents dependencyfrom energy providers

Affordable energy costsare important to attractvarious groups ofresidents and push green

energy demand

Solar panels generate electricity outof sun light

Solar panel = Packaged, connectedassembly of photovoltaic cells

The electricity produced can eitherbe used for own consumption or itcan be fed back into the energy grid

Potential location of panels: Rooftops, house walls, public transport

stations


Solar forest

E-Car solar charging

Source: Siemens experts, http://www.trendsderzukunft.de http://www.ornl.gov http://daybreakmagazine2.wordpress.com



September 2013


Page 86

Impact evaluation – Residential – Solar panels

Potential earnings & energy product ion Assumpt ions

8,000 residential inhabitantsSkanssi

15,000 residential inhabitantsCastle Town

50m²/inhabitant

1% of residential area would

be directly available used forsolar panels from 2015 on

Up to 5% to be implemented inthe long run (starting in 2025,4 years rollout duration, 1%increase per year)

Solar panels in Turku regionscreate ~ 900 kWh/m² of

electricity per year90 €/MWh energy price for

end consumer0

20

40

60

2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045

GWh p.a.Skanssi & Linnakaupunki

Linnakaupunki

Skanssi

0

2.000.000

4.000.000

6.000.000

2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045

€ p.a.

Source: Turku Energy, Siemens (master thesis Sanna Pasens: “Comparing energy production options for a new district”), , Fortum, http://www.scanvac.net/2010/11/finland-launching-new-energy-performance-regulation-2012-and-era17-action-plan-for-2010-2017/



September 2013


Page 87

Impact evaluation – Residential – Solar panels

CAPEX & OPEX Assumpt ions

1.150.000m² residential areain Skanssi & Castle Town

1% of residential area wouldbe directly available used forsolar panels from 2015 on

Up to 5% to be implemented inthe long run (starting in 2025,4 years rollout duration, 1%increase per year)

CAPEX (today) ~ 100 €/m² 2)

OPEX (today) ~ 2.5 €/m² 2)

CAPEX (from 2025 on) ~ 61 €/m² 2,3)

OPEX (2025) ~ 1.5 €/m² peryear 2,3)

Life span of solar panels = 25years 2)

0

200.000

400.000

600.000

800.000

1.000.000

1.200.000

2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045

€

OPEX (Skanssi + Linnakaupunki)

CAPEX (Skanssi + Linnakaupunki)

Source: 1): Siemens Singapore Study 2): Prices & features today: ISC Konstanz 3) Prices in 2025: Near Zero,How Low Will Photovoltaic Prices Go? An Expert Discussion,Mason Inman, 6 December 2012



September 2013


Page 88

Impact evaluation CO2 - Residential

Annual CO2 abatement Assumpt ions

Source. Turku Energy, Siemens (master thesis Sanna Pasens: “Comparing energy production options for a new district”), , Fortum, http://www.scanvac.net/2010/11/finland-launching-new-energy-performance-regulation-2012-and-era17-action-plan-for-2010-2017/

Castle Town + Skanssi residentialspace = 1,150,000 m²

1% thereof used for panels in theshort-term, 5% in the long run

Electricity consumption = 36,4kWh/m²

Electricity emission = 130gCO2/kWh

Heating consumption = 66 kWh/m²

Heating emission = 257 gCO2/kWh

Solar panels in Turku regionscreate ~ 900 kWh/m² of electricityper year

Zero emissions through solarpanels

Implementation at 100%

2.340

4.38818.220

24.948

tons

CO2/year

-27%

Skanssi 5%Baseline OptimizedBaseline

Linnakaupunki5%



September 2013


.

Solar panels for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance


Citizens Consumers become prosumers, thus having to buy less

energy from the providers

Investors New business opportunities & business models emerge:

Installation, management as well as smart city services(e.g. monitoring applications, automated maintenance)

District The sustainability character of Skanssi & Castle Town

becomes directly recognizable if the majority of roof-tops istransformed into a district wide solar energy plant

Society Cleaner environment

Decreased dependency from fossil energy If solar panels in the two district are a pilot for a city-wide

rollout, the districts will be installed as green pioneers forthe whole region

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

N.a.

Subvention of panels by city to be clarified New business models check (e.g. maintaining

companies, degree of investor involvement, etc.)

Maintaining concept Operational safety concept 1% 2015, 1% more pear year from 2025 on

finishing in 2028 Skanssi & Castle Town could serve as pilots for

a city-wide rollout

Adjustment of solutions to changing prices (e.g.strong increase of used solar panels in thecoming decades)

Panels have to fit into the overall look of thedistrict

Adapting to new technology trends

N.a.

12 months

6 months

24 months

Annual check

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Exposition to sun is a critical success factor. Solar panels in Lapland, forexample, will produce less electricity

The local society needs to accept the panels as part of the districts profile(profiling acceptance)

Panels have to optically fit into the overall district landscape (esthetic

acceptance) The community needs to be willing to make high initial investments

Grid infrastructure needs to be ready

Nowadays, the rollout potential is medium. If energy prices rise in the futureand panels become cheaper, the rollout potential will become very high


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Reference case / Best practice

In 2010, an 181 kilowatt (kW) solar power system was launched onthe rooftop of ABB’s low voltage AC drives factory at Pitäjänmäki, inHelsinki. The electricity it generates is to be used for charging thebatteries of the factory’s fork lift trucks, and for cutting energyconsumption peaks at the factory.

The electricity generated is equivalent to the annual energyconsumption of about 30 residential homes (without electricalheating) and is fed directly to the grid within the factory for poweringthe battery chargers of the forklift trucks. Any excess electricity isused by other loads within the factory grid

The project, which costs approximately 500,000 euros, is partlyfunded by Finland’s Ministry of Employment and the Economy from

its renewable energy system investment fund that invests in futureand renewable technologies as part of its strategy to create newtechnologies and jobs within these sectors.

1,200 m²181 kW160,000 kWh electricitygeneration per yearEquivalent to theconsumption of 30residential homesProject costs ~500,000€

Figures

Solution approach in Helsinki ABB rooftop, Helsinki

Source: http://www.abb.com/

Communication Network Infrastructure



September 2013


Page 91


Source: Siemens

Communication network infrastructure for Skanssi &



September 2013


Effective data communication is a basic requirement for aSmart Grid and intelligent Energy solutions

Smart Network infrastructure is a prerequisite of Smart Grid.

Installation of communication network infrastructure (fiberoptic cabling and or wireless communication 2G, 3G, 4GGSM Modems, intercommunicating ring main units)

Citizens will demand significant control over access to dataabout their electricity usage, both to supply third-party servicethat they consider valuable and restrict other usage that they

consider detrimental. The ability of utilities to incorporate technological

developments in electric grid systems and components on anongoing basis will be critical to mitigating the datacommunications and cyber security challenges associatedwith grid modernization. Development and selectionprocesses for interoperability standards must strike a balancebetween allowing more rapid adoption of new technologiesand enabling continuous innovation

Smart grid communication features: Two-way

communication, Network Architecture, Communicationmedia, Communication protocols, Communication Standards,Cyber Security, Accessibility

Castle Town at a glance

Smart Grid Vision and Strategy

Distributed power generationsetup

Intelligent network components

Prerequisites


Real Time Data Sharing

Two way communication

Enabling the grid tointercommunicate =>Smart Grid

Enables two way communication

Fiber Optic communicationreferable

Current Standard technologies

Mixing of different technologiesshall be possible

Scaleable

Easy access on data (ie. third partyservices)

Skanssi illustration

Data communications

Source: Turku, Siemens

Communication network infrastructure for Skanssi &



September 2013


.


Implementation plan

Citizens Seamless, secure & fast communication network

infrastructure (internet, phone, etc.)

Enables real time access, e.g. forpower consumption data

Investors / Businesses State-of-the-art communication network improves the

districts‘ attractiveness for IT companies (e.g. internetcafé) and startups

Improved cyber security

City administration The district is granted the opportunity for innovative

offerings like free internet, outdoor internet, etc.

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

Ownership of communicational data Data protection Cyber security concept

N.a.

Choice of communication media Cabling planning & rollout Security, maintenance & service concept

N.a.

Steady updating of communication network tothe utmost standard

Fiber optic: Higher investment but less changesrequired

Several months

N.a.

12 months (fiber opticcabling)

3 months (wireless)

N.a.

Whenever a newtechnology emerges

Milestones Time

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l a n

Distribut ion Automation

S & C



September 2013


Page 94


bidirectional

energy flow

generation

in the MV grid

generation /

consumption

in the LV grid

regulated

distribution

transformer

e-car

infrastructure

smart

meter

energy

storage

bidirectional

energy flow

generation

in the MV grid

generation /

consumption

in the LV grid

regulated

distribution

transformer

e-car

infrastructure

smart

meter

energy

storage

Source: Siemens

Distribution automation for Skanssi & Castle Town at

l



September 2013


Distribution Automation = Automated & intelligent control over theenergy distribution network

Nowadays, 3 different intelligence levels of energy distribution aredefined:

The first level just comprises of monitoring, required for example,to achieve higher availability (SAIDI, CAIFI) or faster faultlocalization

Apart from monitoring, the second level additionally offers thepossibility of remote control, thus minimizing the downtimes. Long

ways of the fault-clearing teams to often distant transformersubstations are therefore a thing of the past

The third level provides the option of complete power-flow controlby the secondary transformer substation. This refers, for example,to the activation of reactive-power compensation or themanagement of decentralized power supplies by actively triggeringthe inverters

Totally new solution to be implemented in Skanssi (start fromscratch). In Castle Town this would be an upgrade, basic solutionis already existing. 500 kVA per distribution transformer; 15 – 25

distribution transformers 1) Possible focus areas: Automation units, voltage and current

sensors, monitoring devices (temperature, etc), distributiontransformer with voltage regulation, communication, security,

Distribution Automation system may be owned by Turku Energy.

System operation and maintenance may be outsourced forservices provider

a glance

Local regulators demand

Distributed power generation needs to be installed

Intelligent network components working

Secure communication infrastructure in place

Prerequisites


Automatic supply voltagemanagement

Fault localization

Condition monitoring

Short down time and high selectivityrequired

Push sustainability to its next levelby minimizing energy losses

Combining local energy productionwith central needs management

Distributed energy with fluctuatingsupply

Improvement of System Average

Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI)


Distribution kiosk

Source: Siemens

Distribution automation for Skanssi & Castle Town at

l



September 2013


.

a glance


Citizens / Businesses Increased reliability

Shorter outage times

Operators Less maintenance required because of shorter outage

time => Higher customer satisfaction as well as lowermaintenance costs

City administration Enables large scale distributed energy production

Longer audit intervals

Higher power quality

Increased safety

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

Distance from residential buildings (noise) Fire safety concept

N.a.

Skanssi: First installation concept Castle Town : Upgrade concept Maintenance concept (usually third party),

easy access N.a.

Location of ring main units (e.g. inside / outside) Alignment of planning and utility has to part of

the implementation plan

Several months

N.a.

Several months

N.a.

Several weeks

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Room for ring main units required, either inside or outside of buildings

Outside location of transformers: Social acceptance required of the opticalfit into district landscape (esthetic fit)

Inside location: Social acceptance of potential risk, e.g. fire, required

(safety fit) District needs to be able to bear initial investment costs

N.a.

High, all requirements can be easily met.


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transferability

Source: Turku, Siemens; 1): Turku Energy + Siemens expert estimation

R f / B t ti



September 2013


Page 97


A major requirement on electricity supply systems is high supply reliability forthe customer – which is mainly determined by the distribution network. Supplyreliability is influenced by various technical and organizational factors, andtypically quantified by criteria such as SAIDI and SAIFI. In general, customerand regulator expectations on supply reliability are steadily increasing.Moreover, in liberalized markets, regulators typically require the utilities to

report on the reliability performance, or define explicit performance targets –that are even penalized in case of violations.

Monitoring and controlling inside the Secondary Substation: Feeder control andmonitoring (switchgear and alarms), Phase Short Circuit detection (DedicatedDO to eMic), earth fault detection (Dedicated DO to eMic), transformerprotection monitoring (Temperature, Pressure and Gases), door open and

Intrusion Detection, general alarms (about five indications), measurementacquisition through fault detection devices, communication in IEC 60870-5-104Protocol PID EDP Light, Backup Power Supply System with Batterysupervision - Standby Time 5 hours with 3 full switching procedures withinthose 5 hours

328 ring main units delivered in2011

334 ring main units delivered in2012

EDP RMUChallenge for Energias de Portugal (EDP)

Facts & FiguresTechnical Details of Solution Approach

Source: Siemens, http://www.edp.pt/en/Pages/homepage.aspx

Decentralized Energy Management

E Sk i & C tl T



September 2013


Page 98


…

Source: Siemens

Decentralized Energy Management for Skanssi &

C tl T t l



September 2013


With a decentralized energy management solution (DEM)you can network decentralized generating units in a smartgrid, control them centrally, and optimize their use botheconomically and ecologically

Through this solution, distributed power generating units canbe combined to form a large-scale virtual power plant. Thesystem uses all important information, such as weatherforecasts, current electricity prices, and the energy demands.This data forms the basis for drawing up and monitoring a

generally optimized dispatch plan The solution is merely a management solution steering &

controlling other parts of the grid. Thus, the concretecharacteristic of a DEM depend on the characteristics of therest of the grid

Possible technical features:

Energy exchange, weather services, Virtual Power Plant,demand response, invoicing, etc.

DEM is either owned by Turku Energy or a third partyprovider

Thus, the solution would not be placed in the districts itself The solution is scalable but from a synergy standpoint a city-

wide rollout would be the best solution


Distributed power generationsetup

Intelligent network components

Energy storage

Secure Communication

infrastructure Energy (consumer) market place

is required

Prerequisites


Demand ResponseManagement

Weather services andforecasts

Optimized use of energystorage.

Distributed energy withfluctuating supply

Optimize the electric throughoptimized energy balance, energystorage, energy usage and reducedgrid losses

Optimize the energy mix exploiting thelocal reserves and sources

Combination of local energyproduction with central needsmanagement required

Virtual power plant

Source: Siemens

Decentralized Energy Management for Skanssi &

Castle To n at a glance



September 2013


.



Citizens Households become able to sell their produced energy

power

Enabled demand response

Decreased energy costs through optimized energy use

Investors New business opportunities due to the value chain

changes => E.g. enabling start-ups to participate in theenergy business

Provider access to new business model

City administration Cleaner Environment

Less CO2 emissions

Optimized & supported of distributed energy => Pushing

the districts sustainability image forward

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

Question of ownership Publictender for public ownership)

Taxation

Business case check for owner Pricing Insurance

Location and control of DEM Scale Functionalities

Early start with first houses

Integration of new energy sources…

2-3 years

Starting aftercompletion of legalissues: 6-12 months

3 months (basicclarification), 3 months(technical clarification)

3 years

Continuously

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Size of district (if it‘s too small, it might not cover the costs. If it‘s too big, itmight not be able to cope with the complexity)

N.a.

Investment and operating costs have to covered Energy demand needs to be at a level that makes the solution economical

attractive

Required technical infrastructure has to be installed in advance

High. Spatial and economical requirements will rarely be a deal breaker formodern districts


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September 2013


Page 101


Munich city utilities owns several distributed energy production facilitiesWithout a central management tool, a lot of the produced distributed energy

was either wasted or overloaded the grid

Munich city utilities is using a Siemens “distributed energy management”system called DEMS, which makes note of weather forecasts, currentelectricity prices, and demand, and then plans production accordingly. A windyforecast, for instance, would cue more reliance on the wind farm.

The calculated deployment schedule consequently minimizes the costs ofgeneration and operations the interconnected plants making up the virtualpower stationThe system makes use of software in communications technologies that

connect the 12 plants, including LAN, WAN, GPRS and ISDN.

Total Capacity of 20MW12 small scale plants, 5 hydro

stations, 1 wind farm and 6 unit

type cogenerating stations.

Hydro Power PlantChallenge for uti lity company Munich, Germany

Facts & FiguresSolution approach in Munich, Germany

Source: Siemens & Stadtwerke München: http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/intelligent-energy/munich-smart-grid-for-smart-city/14802

Smart Buildings

Buildings Skanssi & Castle Town



September 2013


Page 102

Buildings, Skanssi & Castle Town

Source: Siemens




September 2013


Page 103

Energy saving of 9% 2016 (baseline 2005)

Lifecycle cost reduction

More efficiency in building services

Outsourcing in building services is required


Ca. 8000 residents planned in Skanssi, ca. 15,000 residents planned in Castle Town

Building infrastructure to be build from scratch in Skanssi (only shopping center currently existing), existing buildingsto be upgraded in Castle Town

Around 10% of the permitted building volume of the residential blocks of the area should allow working places andservices

The demands of smart services and commerce are considered in the buildings

Reduction of energy consumption (about 80% low-energy houses 65 kWh/m2/a or passive houses 15 kWh/m2/a)

Utilization of smart energy network in properties/apartments

All buildings have different building management systems(BMS)

BMS systems are currently not able to intercommunicate

Need for trained user for every single system

Buildings have different security systems, currentlywithout any interaction

Situation of Build ings in Turku Objectives of Build ings in Turku

Specific objectives about the buildings in Skanssi & Castle Town

Smart bui ldings for Skanssi & Castle Town at a

glance



September 2013


Installation of building infrastructure that is able tocommunicate with and execute on command of the user

On the other hand, “Smart Buildings“ can also be steeredfrom a defined centre, e.g. in case of emergency

Possible capabilities of an exemplary „“Smart Building“solution: Room Optical Control for comfort and energyefficiency in the room (Cross-discipline, intelligently linkedefficiency function; automatic detection of unnecessaryenergy usage in the room; notifies room user of inefficiency)

Can potentially be implemented in all of Skanssi‘s & CastleTown’s buildings

Open standards required

glance

Guidelines for building technicalplaners have to be ready inadvance

Large recreation areas

Complete & fast internet access

Open standards

Prerequisites


Each inhabitant can influence, monitor & optimize to their energyconsumption and circumstance

Save energy through individual optimization

Control your home through devices like smart phones, tablets

Integrated buildin g

operation

Security

Centre

Smart

Buildings

Security Centre


Impact evaluation – Residential

Potential earnings



September 2013


Page 105

Potential earnings

Potential earnings Assumptions

8,000 residents Skanssi

15,000 residents Castle Town

50m² per resident

Electricity cost (per year) =90€/MWh

Electricity consumption = 36,4

kWh/m²Heating costs (per year) = 45 €/MWh

Heating consumption = 66 kWh/m²

Experts estimates savings of 10 -15% through smart buildingssolutions (studies showed savingsof up to 20% for electricity and up

to 25% for heating)

Starting in 2020, implementation at100% in 2035

718.290

1.077.435

2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045

€/p.a.

1.000.000

time

Skanssi + Castle Town 15%Skanssi + Castle Town 10%

Source. TU Munich, Turku Energy, Siemens (master thesis Sanna Pasens: “Comparing energy production options for a new district”), Fortum,http://www.scanvac.net/2010/11/finland-launching-new-energy-performance-regulation-2012-and-era17-action-plan-for-2010-2017/

Impact evaluation Residential



September 2013


Page 106

Impact evaluation – Residential

CO2 savings (tons per year) Assumpt ions

Castle Town + Skanssiresidential space = 1,150,000m²

Electricity consumption = 36,4kWh/m²

Electricity emission = 130gCO2/kWh

Heating consumption = 66kWh/m²

Heating emission = 257gCO2/kWh

Calculation based on 10% aswell as on 15% saving

CO2 savings are calculated at

a 100% implementation level(year 2035 and later)

-10%

22.4532.495

24.948

Source. TU Munich, Turku Energy, Siemens (master thesis Sanna Pasens: “Comparing energy production options for a new district”), Fortum,http://www.scanvac.net/2010/11/finland-launching-new-energy-performance-regulation-2012-and-era17-action-plan-for-2010-2017/

-15%

21.2063.742

24.948

Optimized Baseline

10% savings

Baseline

Smart Buildings for Skanssi & Castle Town at a

glance



September 2013


.

glance


Citizens Increased comfort due to automated & individualized room

settings (heating, cooling, air regulation, etc.)

Saving energy cost through intelligent automated systems

Businesses Smart Buildings as an enabler of Smart Service Business

in the districts

Lower energy costs for businesses Smart Building solutions might attract IT related business

& employees

City district administration CO2 abatement through lower energy consumption,

e.g. intelligent use of sunlight

Smart Building solutions might attract IT related business& employees

Smart, communicating and self regulating buildingshighlight the districts relevance as innovative lighthouseprojects

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

N.a.

N.a.

Open standards need to be implemented Internet connection available Maintenance concept defined

Already done: Derby project

N.a.

N.a.

N.a.

12 months

12 months

N.a.

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Possible in buildings of any size

Overall fit to city & district development plan Target group fit: Not every resident strives for innovative buildings and

rooms and is thus willing to bear the costs

More expensive than standard solution

Standardized Automation required

Rollout potential medium because of the technical and economicalprerequisites


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One big office building planned with construction costs of 14million €High operating costs of 2 million €/yearBy increasing the construction costs by 0.5 million €, from 14 to14.5 million, smart building solutions (SBS) where implementedThrough these smart building solutions the OPEX decreases by10%

Situation & solution in case study

Cost overview w ith & without SBS

ZVEI1)

Lifecycle costs without SBS= 14 mio. (construction) + 20years * 2 mio €/year (OPEX)= 54mio.€

Lifecycle costs with SBS =14 mio. (construction) + 20years * 2 mio €/year (OPEX)= 50.5mio.€

Business case

14,0

0,5

0,2

construction costs operating costs(per year)

1,8 with SBS

without SBS

Source: ZVEI = Zentralverband Elekrotechnik- und Elektronikindustrie e.V. - Central association for electrical engineering and electronic industry



Predictive automation using weather forecast for

Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


Building Management Systems gather weather forecast datafrom a public provider via internet and then distribute thisinformation to the different building automation devices

Typical applications are:

Night cooling, heating optimization, cooling and heatingdemand calculation (for the next day), blinds and sunshadescontrol, car ramp heating and:

Pedestrian area heating in winter: If the snow fall has alreadybegun, it is too late to start heating pedestrian areas, and it

takes much more energy to melt snow than if the streettemperature was high enough when the snow fall started. Toavoid this problem, it is possible to use weather forecasts tostart heating earlier, so that when snow begins to fall, it meltsimmediately. Correspondingly, it is possible to stop heatingearlier if the end of snow fall is known in advance

Open Standards required

All systems are integrated e.g. via BACnet together

Public provider (e.g. Foreca) delivers data for BMS

Add-on for solutions that depend on outside weather

conditions For all buildings, where cooling and heating systems are

installed

For outside areas with lots of pedestrians


Heating tubes have to beinstalled, e.g. at ramps andpedestrian areas

Control system has to be installed

Reliable data has to be available(e.g. Foreca)



Prerequisites


Sensing, forecasting & self-optimizing buildings represent a newgeneration of building automation

Buildings become self-adapting to short-term weather fluctuations aswell as to long-term climatic change

Reduction of energy consumption through improved planning by usingweather forecast

Integrated operation

Source: Siemens

Impact evaluation – Pedestr ian heating

Potential earnings



September 2013


Page 111

Potential earnings


In the South of Finland, the totaloperating time of the outdoor heatingsystems is about 1,000 hours a year

The system can be heated by districtheat or electricity and a thermal effect of300 W/m² is enough to keep the surfaceof the road free of snow until an outdoortemperature of -13 °C.

The reduction potential of weatherforecast control amounts to 10 to 15 %through optimizing start/stop commandsand heating temperature (Siemens testswith TABS-control in Germany).

Total street area Skanssi + Castle Town= 391m²

Heating price for city = 0,02€/kWh,electricity price for city = 0,11€/kWh

2030 2035 2040 2045

€/p.a.

2.000

1.500

1.000

500

time

Source: Siemens Helsinki Study 2012

15% savings on district heating

10% savings on district heating15% savings on electricity heating

10% savings on electricity heating

Predictive automation using weather forecast for




September 2013


.



Citizens Increased comfort because of optimized hooting & cooling

regulation

Increase security e.g. on the pedestrian areas via pathwayheating

Lowered energy costs

Businesses Lowered operating costs through energy savings New business models: Setting optimizing applications, etc.

City / district administration Districts will become weather- seizing, self-regulating

and innovative, creating a positive image as sustainabledistricts

The utilization of weather and climate changes leads to adecreased total energy consumption and thus protecting

the environment: CO2 savings: 1.5 – 4.5 tons dependingon assumptions

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

N.a.

For some pilots (e.g. pedestrian areas), aninsurance concept might be necessary

Can be implemented before as well as afterbuilding construction is completed

Location of solutions (which pathways/buildings, etc.)

Totally new solution Different pilots required for winter and

summer Reconfiguration every year When isolation of buildings improve, this

solution will help to decrease coolingcosts – even to a larger amount thanheating

N.a.

6 months

12 months

24 months

12 months

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

External: All outside areas, where heating is used nowadays (auto ramps,pedestrian areas etc)

Suitable for countries with climate deviations between seasons Internal: Suitable for all buildings using heating & cooling Overall fit to city & district development plan Everywhere, where peak demand limiting is required

Additional costs have to be covered

Basic solutions are already available

Rollout potential is high as there are no big or problematic requirements tobe fulfilled. Weather forecast information in automation can basically beused anywhere


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Source: Siemens




September 2013


Page 113


In March 2010 weather-forecasting solutions wasimplemented in an 8 floor building which has 50 flats inYlivieska city region, Finland.

Pilot saved 47,4 MWh (2760€) in one year

In future for energy optimization is necessary to incorporateweather forecast to building management system (BMSsystem) to control different energy saving functions witch aredependent of weather conditions, e.g. temperature, rain,humidity wind direction etc.

Several institutions provide forecast data to the customerswhich can be obtained using FTP technology. These data are

usually in the .csv data format and include data for severaldays.

Solution approach in Ylivieska, Finland Pilot Building

Source: http://www.wisepro.fi/

Standardized Security Systems




September 2013


Page 114


TotalBuildingSolution

Fire Intrusion Access Video Time Eva-cuation

Venti-lation

Heating AC Light Water PowerScanning

Building managementSecurity management

Source: Siemens

Standardized Security Systems for Skanssi & Castle

Town at a glance



September 2013


The integration of traditional security disciplines – accesscontrol, intrusion detection and video surveillance with firesafety and building automation systems –gives operators thebenefits of continuous situational awareness along withcentralized management and alarm handling. Such securitymanagement solutions can already help prevent crime,accidents or attack, detect and warn of any dangers beforethey occur, and enable staff and external agencies tocommunicate effectively to deal with any incident or potentialthreat. Or simply ensure that things run smoothly and safely.

To be implemented inside of buildings Special security systems needed for public places (school,

etc.)

Functional descriptions of different systems have to bewritten as a guideline

Town at a glance


Cameras outside will not beaccepted by the community, theymight be in commercial/business

areas outside (e.g. harbor area) –common practice nowadays


Prerequisites


Communicating securitysystems push security aswell as a general safetyfeeling to a new level whilereducing the stress level ofemergencies throughoptimized guidance

Standardized & communicatingsecurity devices enable many smartservice applications like remote-control, automated security,interaction with neighbor security, etc.

Lifetime for standardized automationis very long and guarantees futurecompatibility

Option 1

Skanssi

Option 2

Source: Siemens

Standardized Security Systems for Skanssi & Castle

Town at a glance



September 2013


.

g


Citizens Improving overall security level

More comfortable security

Construction companies Lower life cycle cost

Less fault alarms

Improving overall security level

Businesses New business models: Se-curity center in districts, re-mote

security center, security applications etc.

City / district administration Lower life cycle cost

Improving overall security level

Benefits

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

N.a.

Social acceptance of the planned level of surveillance required (supervisionfit)

Security needs to be a worthy investment for society


attractive

Rollout potential is high, no problematic requirements to be expected for arollout of standardized security


I m p

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t p o t e

n t i a l

Overall

transferability

Implementation

during

construction

Implementation

after

construction

City

development

Systems can also be implemented in existingbuildings with “not-yet standardized” solutions.Guidelines and descriptions have to be readyin advance.

Regular maintenance

Systems get implemented at the end of theconstruction phase – when cabling is done inentire building

< 3 months

Every year

Source: Siemens

Reference case / Best practice (Siemens’ new

building in Helsinki – Derby Business Park)



September 2013


Page 117

g y )

Maximize security level in order to protect the property and createa safe working environmentReduce building lifecycle costPilot for Siemens security solution

Integrated systems for fire safety & security

Same systems and products to be used in the future in all Siemenspremises around FinlandEasy to handle and maintain

Challenge

Solution approach in Business Park Derby Facts & Figures

500 people working in newbuilding as of August 2013

7 level building

Full standardized securitysystems implemented

Derby, Helsinki

Source: http://www.koja.fi Siemens

Standardized Automation




September 2013


Page 118

g ,

Source: Siemens

Standardized Automation in buildings for Skanssi &




September 2013


Open communication standards and interfaces enable theintegration of a wide choice of different building controldisciplines like heating, ventilation, air conditioningapplications, lights and blinds, up to fire and safety systemsand equipment.

Thus, independency from suppliers and future developmentsis gained.

Moreover, open Standards enable Smart Services andmodern building solutions

Standards have to be part of the technical descriptions ofbuildings systems

Possible open Standards: BACNET, KNX, Modbus

This solution should be implemented in every building toenable smart service, smart grid & smart building solutionsand to make the buildings future-ready

European Norm 15232 recommends this solution in order toachieve the highest sustainability classification of buildings(class A)

g


Integrated involvement of differentstakeholders involved in planning


Working cyber security concept

Prerequisites


New solutions are compatible to existing systems

Infrastructure is future ready and easy to upgrade

Enabling more innovative and state-of-the art solutions to beimplemented in the future

Lifetime for standardized automation is very long and guaranteesfuture compatibility

Enabling energy efficient solutions

BACnet

Standardized Automation for Skanssi & Castle Town

at a glance



September 2013


.

g


Citizens Future-proofing their system will increase the security of

investment, with reduced cost of ownership - throughsimplified installation and lower integration costs

Manufacturers / Software vendors Interoperability with other manufacturers’ products -

without loss of their own brand identity - and extended

market opportunities Lower development costs as well as increased market

interest

House owners / construction companies Installing state-of-the art solutions makes the buildings

more attractive to potential buyers

City / district administration Open standards allow steady updating the buildings

solutions to the utmost and modern level. This willpush Skanssi’s image as a leading innovative district.

Benefits

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

N.a.

Social acceptance of the planned level of surveillance required (supervisionfit)

Security needs to be a worthy investment for society


attractive

Rollout potential is high, no problematic requirements to be expected for arollout of standardized security


I m p

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t a t i o n p

l a n

R o

l l o u

t p o t e

n t i a l

Overall

transferability

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

N.a.

N.a.

N.a.

N.a.

1 week - 2 months

12 months

3 months

Milestones Time

Open standards have to beimplemented in construction phase

Done (Skanssi shopping center) Pilot for residential buildings remains to be

done

City district requirements have to bedefined

Engineering guidelines anddescriptions have to be written




September 2013


Page 121

p

The city of Lappeenranta used to have 5 different building management systems in its buildingsinfrastructureFor every single system, people needed to be trained and dedicatedMaintenance used to be difficult for all the different systemsMoreover, the systems were operating ineffective

More than 55 public buildings connected to oneManagement Station via BACnet

Benefits:

Reduction of dedicated training Reduction of maintenance costs Energy savings due to better overview ofconsumptions Comfort increase

Initial situation & challenge

Solution approach in Lapeenranta Lappeenranta

Source: http://www.lappeenranta.fi/In_English/Main_Page.iw3

Content



September 2013





3Mobility & Logistics – Connectivity and sustainable

on-site transport

4 Social Issues


6 Implementation

58 - 71

72 - 121

122 - 160

161 - 190

191 - 203

204 - 210

Mobility & logistics – connectivity & sustainable on-

site transport



September 2013


City level

District level

Cross districtlevel

Level ofapplicability

City level District level

City level

District level

Cross districtlevelTravel chain

Bike sharing

Car sharing

Park & charge

E-Buses

Integrated Mobilit y Platform (IMP)

Passenger travel process

Tripplanning

First mile On board Last mile& post

journey

Strategic &

long term

planning

Operation

al

planning

TransportMaintena

nce

Operator planning & operations process

MobilitySolutions

The chosen

solutions offervalue for bothoperator andpassenger alongtheir specifictravel chain

The travel chainsolution

indirectlybenefits thepassenger anddirectly benefitsthe transportoperator.

All other mobilitysolutions directlybenefits thepassengers andresidents.

Source: Siemens

The chosen mobility solution offer an entry to

sustainable district planning



September 2013


Page 124

Mobility Solutions

Bike sharing

The single solutions resemblestate-of-the-art technology, butthe combination of them withrespect to the districts‘ profilesmakes them sustainable.

All the solutions have beenchosen to their high fit to the

districts‘ profile characteristicsand the requirements of thefuture residents.

Explanation

Transport flows

Car sharing

Park & charge

E-buses

Travel chains

Skanssi

Castle Town

accessible sustainable all-age

accessible sustainable integrated

Sustainable accessible integrated

Sustainable accessible modern

all-age-oriented

integrated PT orientation

green transport accessible

innovativemodern design

sustainable

cycling lanes

integrated PT orientation

viivd accessible

innovativemodern design

sustainable

Sustainable accessible integrated

2

City

District

(inter-)regional access3

1 City connection

Within district transport

Source: City of Turku, expert opinions

The mobility solutions show a potential of decreasing

residential CO2 emissions by 69%



September 2013


Page 125

Cumulated CO2 abatement potential in the mobili ty

infrastructure area

Explanation

3.8121.377

12.4001000

tons

CO2/

year

-69%

Optimizedbaseline

IMP

560

Travelchains

14

E-BusesBikesharing

760

E-Carsharing

217

Park &charge

5.660

Baseline

Total CO2 emission savingpotential = 8.600 t /yr(69%) in Skanssi’s &Linnakaupun-ki’s combinedresidential area

Park & charge is thebiggest lever & can save

up to 5.600t For both the park & charge

& the travel chains solutiononly abatement due totechnological innovationhas been calculated.

For the remaining solutionsabatement due to

technolo-gical innovationand modal shift has beencalculated.

Interdependencies werenot taken into account.

Source: Siemens

The mobility solutions show a potential of decreasing

residential CO2 emissions by 58%



September 2013


Page 126

Adjusted cumulated CO2 abatement potential in the

mobility infrastructure area

Explanation

7.138

5.262

12.4001000

tons

CO2/

year

-58%

Optimized baselineAdjusted cumulatedsavings potential

Baseline

Total CO2 emission savingpotential = 7.138 t /yr(58%) in Skanssi’s &Linnakaupun-ki’s combinedresidential area

Adjustment rate is 17% tomitigate overlaps and

interdependencies.

Source: Siemens

Park & Charge Solution

Mobility & Logistics, Skanssi



September 2013


Current situation regarding car transport in Turku



September 2013


Make public transport more green and sustainable

Reduce CO2 emissions

Minimization of the carbon footprint in all activities

Environmentally friendly transport solutions

Provide attractive and comfortable means of transport

Objectives of mobili ty in Turku

Source: City of Turku

The parking areas may not control the city space & the area should be preserved from the drive-through traffic ofprivate cars.

Smart, ICT based solutions for consumers and transport control

Building 25% less parking spaces than in comparable areas, i.e. 25% less than 0.5 parking spaces per household

Possibilities for charging of electric cars are paid attention to

Noise values of outdoor and indoor spaces should not exceed the regulations

Specific objectives of Mobility & Logistics for Skanssi

453 cars / 1000 persons, close to average in Finnishcities.

Plans to build underground parking facilities in thecenter, time consuming decision process.

Situation of mobili ty in Turku

Park & charge solution for Skanssi & Castle Town at

a glance



September 2013


The Park & Charge concept can be built as public, semi-public or private system

Public: Open space, charging poles with card/phone paymentor free use. Semi-Public: Restricted access to space eitherby key or payment system ( for example mall or officeparking). Free usage of poles or card/phone payment.Private: Inhabitants own only yard or private access lots,charging systems connected to house electricity systems. Asthe close by area has shops, mall, offices, homes, all 3solutions are possible.

Encourages not only pure eCars but also hybrid charging. Dynamic displays inform about the parking situation at the

charging poles. This means: decrease and less waste of timeof searching for a parking space steady occupancy ofcharging poles.

Moreover, parking space management and parking tariffs canbe used to steer traffic flows in the desired way. When com-bined with parking guidance systems, an even stronger effectcan be achieved.

Application for charging management for the local energycompany ( roaming, invoicing) plans underway in Finland.

Smartphone applications to show and reserve vacantcharging points ( some available already)

3 charger types: Home charging AC 4-10Kw, 8h full battery,Routine charging AC 20kw, 2h full battery, Quick chargingDC 50Kw, 15-30min full battery

Sufficient funds

Need to plan the electricity grid to support the charging.

Space for the charging poles – In 2020s, the estimated share of hybridand eCars is 50-80% of all vehicles

Accepted and favoured by citizens – One of Skanssi´s visibledifferentiators as a modern district?

Prerequisites


To optimize mobilitysolutions the chargingcosts could be integratedto parking costs,individuals home electricitybill, subsidized bycommunity etc.

Skanssi needs an intelligent conceptfor e-car parking & charging toprovide accessibility of district fromoutside and within

Fits in to the expectations of lowemission of CO2 and noise values

Noise reduction, environmentallyfriendly, green attitude.

Source: Siemens; Electric traffic Finland initiative

Impact evaluation (only taking into account the invest

due to charging not due to parking guidance)



September 2013


Savings on individuals fuel costs Environmentally friendly traffic

Supporting the smart grid, an energy reserve / storage Independent from crude oil prices Managed traffic flows in the CBD and around

Benefits

Assumptions

Cars per inhabitant: 0,459 Thereof e-cars & hybrids: 80%,

which is 5.508 cars in Linnaka-upunki & 2.938 cars in Skanssi

Home charging 80%, publiccharging: 20%

Public charging: 3 cars per unit= 367 units in Castle Town, 195

units in Skanssi 5000€/public charging

1000€/ home charging, but in-vestments for home charging inmillion €: 8.5 mil. neglectabledue to private investments

Investments for public chargingin million €: 1,84 + 0,98 to be

stretched over 4 years OPEX: 0,5 FTE for

administration & maintenance

Source: Siemens expert calculation

140

0000

140

0000

120

0

138138138138

70706574747474

30303030303030303030303030303030

2 0 4

0

2 0 3

9

2 0 3

8

2 0 3

7

2 0 3

6

2 0 3

5

2 0 3

4

2 0 3

3

2 0 3

2

2 0 3

1

2 0 3

0

2 0 2

9

2 0 2

8

2 0 2

7

2 0 2

6

2 0 2

5

Opex

Capex - Skanssi

Capex - Linnakaupunki

CAPEX & OPEX

Impact evaluation



September 2013


Traffic CO2 emissions in Turku in2035 will be 128.000t CO2 /yrunder the constraint that everycitizen has the same travelpattern regardless their age.

Baseline of Castle Town &Skanssi is then 12.400tCO2/yr for15.000 + 8.000 residents

Travel pattern in the districts issimilar to the whole of Turku.

Thus, we will have an optimizedbaseline of 6.740 t CO2 emissions in Castle Town andSkanssi

3.690

6.740

12.400

1.970

-46%

Optimizedbaseline (tCO2/a)

Saving potential(tCO2/a) inSkanssi

Saving potential(tCO2/a) in

Linnakaupunki

Baseline (tCO2/a)

Annual CO2 abatement Assumptions

Source: Turku Light Rail Impact Study; http://www.ltaacademy.gov.sg/doc/IS02-p23%20Bike-sharing.pdf

Park & charge for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


.


City The park & charge system sup-ports electricity as energy

for vehicles, reduces CO2 emissions & can be paymentwise connected to public transportation.

Citizens Reduces transportation energy costs.

Creates the opportunities for more environmentally friendly

lifestyle

Environment Emissions are reduced, fossil-based resources are

protected, also supporting the country wide initiative ofreducing oil dependency in energy.

Electric network Cars can be used as reserve energy (batteries)

More stability in the network

Benefits

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Sufficient space to set up the charging systems Plan for cables to be placed in advance

Fits to reduction of traffic and emissions. Target group: all private car owners

Required market / district size: all sizes ok GDP per capita required:?

Required complementary systems / support: maintenance and systemmonitoring

Availability of electric grid

Rollout potential is high. Existing and developing technology, local planning(Finland) skills available, project funding possibilities, support fromtechnology providers, positively visible case with limited costs to startpiloting.


I m p

l e m e n

t a t i o n p

l a n

R o

l l o u

t p o t

e n

t i a l

Overall

transferability

Public tender System ownership Invoicing the electric charging, a country wide initiative exists Financing model: Energy companies, shopping center, offices, city Management system, local energy company to decide joining to

country wide roaming system? Best practices, winter conditions etc Detail concept Maintenance responsibilities Detailed management system requirements 2-5 charging poles First phase: Free usage Available Management system tests

Electric grid planning Evaluation of amount of parking spaces Management system requirements, info from country

wide EMO initiative to local energy company

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

9 months

4 months

3 months

3 months

2 months

Overall time frame:12-18 months

Source: Siemens; expert opinions

Reference case in Oslo, Norway



September 2013


In addition to including environmental concern in general travel policy and promoting use ofpublic transport, UiO is promoting the use of electric cars.

The charging stations are a contribution to environmental protection efforts. The service ismeant to reach as many owners of electric cars as possible. We encourage users of thesestations to only use them as necessary.

Private use: priority, reserved and free parking at several locations charging at no cost.General policy: if you need a parking place it will be arranged.

Blindern 14 charging poles

Gaustad & Sendrum 8 charging poles

The University has several charging stations for electric cars. Students and employees canuse these free of charge.

The charging stations are locked. You get the key for the outlet by contacting the TechnicalDepartment's operations office for the area to which the parking spot belongs. You mustshow your student or employee card and sign for the key. The spots display signs markingthem as "Reserved parking for electric cars being charged".

…

DetailsObjectives

Solution approach

Source: http://sahkoinenliikenne.fi/latauspisteet/, http://www.uio.no/english/for-employees/operational/transport/charging-stations/

Picture

The spots can only be used by plated electric cars that are being charged. They are not meant to be reserved parking for electric cars. Any

other parking is subject to the regular inspection fee. It is a prerequisite that the vehicle has a valid parking permit for UiO. UiO is makingavailable a park of 5 electric cars for all students and employees through collaboration with a private service provider. Easy access onlinebooking system, Taking care of reserva-tions and necessary documentation in a single-visit system. Job-related use will be chargedemployer directly and automatically. Private use is possible and will be charged by the hour or day directly by the company. Electric vehiclesare in use within the park department. Test trials of electric lawn-mover robots is an ongoing project.

E-car sharing

Mobil ity & Logistics, Skanssi & Castle Town

http://sahkoinenliikenne.fi/latauspisteet/

http://sahkoinenliikenne.fi/latauspisteet/



September 2013


Current situation regarding car transport in Turku



September 2013


Lifespan thinking as part of all cost assessing. Minimization of the carbon footprint in all activities

Minimizing the energy consumption of the regionaltechnology




Car ownership 25% below the average (cf. Freiburg -33%, Rieselfeld -40% & Vauban -65% less than in Turku curr.)

Car sharing models & minimizing the need for a second car

Use of private cars, transport percentage <40% of the journeys (currently in the Turku city region intensive publictransport zone is 46,9%, in Helsinki transport percentage of cars is 40%)

Enhancing the attractiveness of other forms of transport

Car transport within the area is restricted in terms of speed limits and drive-through Accessibility of other forms of transport easier than of parking spaces

Parking spaces are not included in the price of a house

Building 25% less parking spaces than in comparable areas

Specific objectives of Mobili ty & Logistics for Skanssi & Castle Town

453 cars / 1000 persons, close to average in Finnishcities.

Car sharing ”kimppakyyti” has for some years been ofinterest among students, but no large scale constant orstable offering base exists.


E-car sharing for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


It is a model of car rental where people rent e-cars for shortperiods of time, often by the hour, on a self service basis.They are attractive to customers who make only occasionaluse of a vehicle, as well as others who would like occasionalaccess to a vehicle of a different type than they use day-to-day. It is a complement to existing PT systems by providingthe first or last leg of a journey, with integrated ticketingsolutions. Cars are reserved via a Internet based systemwhere vacant cars and their charging level are seen.Payments / use or monthly.

The car sharing concept can be built by giving someadvantages like free parking, use of bus lanes, free chargingetc.

Encourages to not purchase a 2nd car and gives savings forfamilies. Shared cars should be eCars and/or hybrids.Environmentally friendly, green attitude.

City provides facilities (space, charging infra, basic security)

23.000 inhabitants in Skanssi & Castle Town

2% will use car sharing: 430 users

car-to-user ratio: 6%; 30 cars 10 stations

50 charging poles

replacement of cars to be approx. 231

Location planning, both within and around the district

Terms and conditions of the car sharing, local business

The role of the city – Car provider? Maintenance?

Defining the entrepreneur & business model. Business case for thelocal population to gain support. City's own use in their transportationneeds.

Commitment to keep the vehicles and spaces clean and tempting forusers.

Prerequisites


Location fit for the purpose, close to public transport, mall, walkingdistance from homes. Wrong location destroys the case.

Fits into the expectations of reducing amount of cars/inha-bitant.Supports better use of capacity, pay as you use, not for owning thevehicle

To optimize the solutions the car sharing reservations and paymentsshould be integra-ted to monthly payments like public transport orelectricity. Also point sales needs to be managed, vending machines,smart phone payment etc.

Connected to Integrated Mobility Platform (IMP) idea

Source: City of Turku, expert opinions, Siemens

Impact evaluation for Castle Town & Skanssi



September 2013


15.000 & 8.000 residents, 2%will be using the system

no. of eCars needed: 31

no. of charging poles: 51

no. of pick-up stations: 10

Invest stretched over 4 years,but nevertheless ongoing dueto short life span of shared cars

No. of users: 483

Membership fee 50€ p.a.

Ramp up of membership (25%,50%, 75%, 100%) until a totalof 483 will be reached in 2037

450.000 km driven per year

Earnings per km € 1,13

261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261

192192192192192192192192192192192192192192192192

60606060606060606060606060606060

2 0 2

5

2 0 4

0

2 0 3

9

2 0 3

8

2 0 3

7

2 0 3

6

2 0 3

5

2 0 3

4

2 0 3

3

2 0 3

2

2 0 3

1

2 0 3

0

2 0 2

9

2 0 2

8

2 0 2

7

2 0 2

6

Opex

Capex - Skanssi


0

100

200300

400

500

600

700

800

203320322031203020292028202720262025 2040203920382037203620352034

CAPEX & OPEX


Assumptions

Source: www.fta.dot.gov, expert estimation

Impact evaluation

http://www.fta.dot.gov/




September 2013



Baseline of Castle Town &Skanssi is then 12.400tCO2/yr for

15.000 + 8.000 residents Travel pattern in the districts is

similar to the whole of Turku.

231 cars will be replaced in thedistricts

Car sharing leads to a reducedmileage for its users of an avg. of20%


12.18412.400

-2%



75


Linnakaupunki

141

Baseline (tCO2/a)



E-car sharing for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


.


Citizens The car sharing system enables road-users to cover short

distances easily while using public transpor-tation and canalso be linked to traf-fic information and control systems.

Cost of a 2nd car can be used to other investments

Investors Feasible business opportunities with high paybacks due to

an oligopolistic market structure

Environment No. of cars & emissions are reduced.

Fossils are protected & traffic flows & the use ofinfrastructure & means of transport for people & goods areoptimized in a cost-effective way.

City / district administration Less parking places needed

City image is improved

Higher share for PT

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

Should there be similar to taxi permissions? Public tender?

Financing model, charge per time, or fixed monthly

Fine tuning the car types, based on customer needs, roughtechnical concept (# of cars, car models, parking stations)

Detailed concept (maintenance, prices, …)

10 cars (2-3 models) City promoting by encouraging employees to use Testing with a university, other education institutions First phase: Free usage, second phase: Priced usage Adjustment of solutions to changing prices (e.g. Ensuring

facilities Setting technical requirements ( emission level etc)

12 months

3 months

3 months

6 months

12 months

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Sufficient space to set up the charging systems

Overall fit to city & district development plan Target group: all private car owners

Required market / district size: all sizes ok GDP per capita required:?

Required complementary systems / support: maintenance and systemmonitoring

Availability of electric grid Rollout potential is high. Existing and developing technology, local planning

( Finland) skills available, project funding possibilities, support fromtechnology providers, positively visible case with limited costs to startpiloting.


I m p

l e m e n

t a t i o n p

l a n

R o

l l o u

t p o

t e n

t i a l

Overall

transferability

Overall time frame:

8-12 months

Source: Siemens, cp. Tampines caes

Reference case – DriveNow Car Sharing System



September 2013

© City of Turku & Siemens AG 2013. Al l rights reserved.

Providing new options to the growing number of urban consumers interested in transportationalternatives and/or environmentally friendlier lifestyles

Reducing the amount of cars and time spent on searching for parking spaces Developing a flexible and high quality car sharing system to attract the potential residents to

actually use the service Promoting an alternative replacement for little-used and inefficient vehicles

BMW Group and the car rental company Sixt AG bundled their car sharing activities in theDriveNow joint venture.

The modern mobility concept combines high-quality vehicles and service with simple andflexible usage. In Germany, vehicles can be picked up and dropped off wherever the customerneeds them, and thus the system is not dependant on fixed car hire stations. Customers canfind available vehicles via Internet, a smart phone application or simply at the roadside.Booking may be done in advance or cars can be used spontaneously without prior reservation.A conventional car key is not necessary as vehicles are opened with a chip on the drivinglicense. The concept started off in Munich with 300 cars to ensure that customers usually haveno more than 500 meters to walk to the nearest available vehicle.

Customers pay a base fee for the first 30min of usage, followed by a per minute rate (startingat 0.24€ in Germany) for every minute afterwards. Rates are discounted for parked car, multi-hour and daily usage. The rates are all-inclusive and cover rental, gas, insurance, parking andmaintenance costs. There is also a one-time registration fee of 29€.

Offering of a variety of BMW group vehicles – gasoline and electric in Germany, in SanFrancisco only electric vehicles. In San Francisco, 70 ActiveE electric cars are available forhourly rental and parked at nine garages in the city area.

Since initial launching in Munich inJune 2011, the concept has takenroot in four German cities and San

Francisco, USA As of December 2012, DriveNowoperates over 1,000 vehicles whichserve over 60,000 customers

The business is expected to prove itsprofitability this year

Map of available carsObjectives

Solution approach

Source: Drive Now. Available: https://www.drive-now.com/international Accessed: March 20th 2013; LeSage, Jon. Available: http://green.autoblog.com/2013/02/12/bmws-drivenow-carsharing-arm-now-turning-a-profit/. Accessed: March 20th 2013 ; CNBC. Available: http://www.cnbc.com/id/48726385. Accessed: March 20th 2013 ; BMW blog. Available:http://www.bmwblog.com/2011/03/21/bmw-and-sixt-establish-drivenow-joint-venture-for-premium-car-sharing/. Accessed: March 20th 2013 ; Wikipedia. Available:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drivenow. Accessed: March 20th 2013.

Facts & Figures

Bike sharing


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drivenow

http://green.autoblog.com/2013/02/12/bmws-drivenow-carsharing-arm-now-turning-a-profit/

https://www.drive-now.com/international



http://www.cnbc.com/id/48726385

http://www.bmwblog.com/2011/03/21/bmw-and-sixt-establish-drivenow-joint-venture-for-premium-car-sharing/



http://www.bmwblog.com/2011/03/21/bmw-and-sixt-establish-drivenow-joint-venture-for-premium-car-sharing/

http://www.cnbc.com/id/48726385



https://www.drive-now.com/international



September 2013


Current situation regarding cycling and bike sharing

in Turku



September 2013


Minimizing the carbon footprint in all activities Minimizing the energy consumption of the regional

technology


Comfortable and attractive mobility solutions


Source: Poljin – Kotimaisia tilastoja pyöräilystä ja kevyestä liikenteestä. Website: http://www.poljin.fi/tilastoja/tilastot_kotimaa. Accessed: Feb 12th 2013

Shortest routes for pedestrians, cyclists and public transportation

Good supply of services within walking and biking distance: day care centre, primary school, grocery shop

Cycling, transport percentage >15 % of the journeys (currently in the Turku city region intensive public transportzone: 12,7 %)

High-quality bicycle parking close to apartments, public transport stops and main activities

All bicycle paths accessible Walking, transport percentage >30 % of the journeys, (currently in the Turku city region intensive public transport

zone: 25,9 %)

Pedestrian and biking links to the main destinations (grocery shops, public transport stops, schools, day carecenters) do not intersect with the main streets or busy collector streets (> 8000 drives/day?)

Specific objectives of Mobility & Logist ics for Castle Town

There are several bike rental possibilities mainly forneeds of tourism in Turku, both private bike shops andeven promoted by city tourist office

Many people in Turku own bikes – modal share of 11%in 2007 (in Helsinki area 6-8%, national average 12%)

Situation of bike sharing in Turku

Bike sharing for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance

http://www.poljin.fi/tilastoja/tilastot_kotimaa

http://www.poljin.fi/tilastoja/tilastot_kotimaa



September 2013


The basic idea underlying the city bike-sharing is to providesustainable transport and cover the last mile travel in CastleTown. There are two possible concepts: Firstly the bikescould be rented at one station and be either returned there orat another station or as another possible concept they can bepicked up/dropped off everywhere in the designated districtarea

As a last mile means of transport they provide fast and easyaccess to nearby destinations within or at the district bordersor areas close to SkanssiTo make usage easy as possible

they should make use of smart technology (smart cardsand/or mobile phones) and can be run by diverse businessmodelsRental fees are time-based or annual, monthly,weekly or daily fees and in some systems the first minutesare free of charge. Bike “pick up” and“return” stations operate24 hours per day, 7 days a week.

If stations are used for rental pick up and drop off then thestations should be strategically placed at regular intervalsthroughout the city, making them easily accessible frompublic transport stations as well as residential, office and

shopping areas. The latest systems operate with smarttechnologies and provide users with real-time bike availabilityinformation on the internet. These “smart” bike-sharingsystems provide the missing link between existing points ofpublic transportation and desired destinations, offering a newform of mobility that complements the existing publictransport systems.

Bike stations or pick-up/drop-off anywhere

Spatial fit – spaces for bikes included? Rather even grounds, not toohilly, otherwise consideration of e-bikes

Acceptance by citizens – are they willing to participate in the bike

sharing concept? Low rate of cycle ownership

During winter substitute service for bikes required

Prerequisites

Description of solution

Castle Town needs an intelligent concept for short journeys within thedistricts

Opportunity to drop off bikes also at important points outside thedistrict

Mobility within Castle Town shall be provided with low CO2-, PM- &noise-emission,.

Bike sharing serves for last mile mode of transport

Integration with other modes to foster the objective of maximizing non-car transport

Enabling elder citizens to take part in bike sharing as well by provisionof e.bikes and easy renting modalities

Case for action

Source: bike-sharing.blogspot.com; http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/bikes/; www.fta.dot.gov; Migdley, P. (2009), p. 23

Impact evaluation for Castle Town





September 2013


15.000 & 8.000 residents, 20%will be using the system

1 shared bike for 30 residents

1 station per 10 bikes

Invest: per station € 41.000; perbike € 300,

Invest stretched over 4 yearsplus additional irreg. invest for

refurbishment of stations

Membership fee 50€ p.a.

Ramp up of membership (25%,50%, 75%, 100%) until a totalof 3000 and 1.600 will bereached in 2037

7.000 km driven per bike

Fee per km € 0,03

Earnings for ads approx. €400,- per station per month

140

0000

140

0000

120

0

110110110110

225225225225225225225225225225225225225225225225

2 0 4 0

2 0 3 9

2 0 3 8

2 0 3 7

2 0 3 6

2 0 3 5

2 0 3 4

2 0 3 3

2 0 3 2

2 0 3 1

2 0 3 0

2 0 2 9

2 0 2 8

2 0 2 7

2 0 2 6

2 0 2 5

60 60 60 60 65 70 70

Opex


Capex - Skanssi

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

203020292028202720262025 2040203920382037203620352034203320322031

CAPEX & OPEX


Assumpt ions

Source: http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/bikes/; www.fta.dot.gov, expert estimation

Impact evaluation





September 2013



Baseline of Castle Town &Skanssi is then 12.400tCO2/yr for15.000 + 8.000 residents


7% of travelers switch from car tocycling

Thus, we will have an optimizedbaseline of 11.640 t CO2 emissions in Castle Town &

Skanssi

11.64012.400

-6%



264


Linnakaupunki

496

Baseline (tCO2/a)



Bike sharing for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


.


Citizens Additional mobility option

Health benefits

No own bike needed, no threat of theft, no maintenance

Investors Advertising opportunities

Relatively inexpensive and quick-to-implement

Add-on option for existing operators to cover the last mile

Environment Reduced CO2-emissions

Livable, car free streets

City / district administration Increased cycling modal share

Make cycling more visible Savings with reduction of car infrastructure, i.e. less traffic

lights, parking space, enforcement, administration, etc.

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

Citydevelopment

Legal founding of the company Application for concession

Financing model

Rough concept (# of bikes, booking andbilling system)

Detailed concept (maintenance, prices, etc)

First phase: Allowance on pricing to promoteusage

Second phase: Priced usage

Incorporate space for bike stations in spatialplanning Promote bike sharing concept, maybe with

incentives Roll-out concept to other districts if possible

6 months

3months

3 months

3 months

12 months

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

The overall transferability of the solution for the other districts of the City ofTurku is estimated to be rather high due to the same topography andweather conditions as well as the corresponding target of promoting othermeans of transport than by individual car.

Transferability to other regions is dependent on topography and climate.


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transferability

only applicable with the suitable spatial prerequisites Suitable weather conditions, not too windy, not applicable on frozen

grounds. Thus, in winter a substitute might be needed. Fits to target of Turku of providing low emission transport, thus overall fit to

city & district development plan Target group fit and fit to customers due to high share of usage by young

people and families, elderly by e-bikes Critical mass of user required for solution to be profitable, but as the

reference case shows applicable on a small scale Investment is relatively low Fits into the overarching traffic concept of fostering bike transport in Castle

Town. Fits best when citizens show a low share of privately owned bikes

Source: http://www.ltaacademy.gov.sg/doc/IS02-p23%20Bike-sharing.pdf

Reference case

Bike sharing in Biel, Switzerland



September 2013


The city of Biel aims at motivating both citizens and tourists for using biketransport.

By this means the disadvantage of owning a bike, such as theft ormaintenance do not show. People coming to Biel by car or PT can use theopportunity of flexible last mile transport.

The city aims at a higher modal split towards green transport solutions andthus supports the usage of bike sharing.

The city enhances combined mobility and the creation of attractive modal

interfaces

Core of Biel: ~ 52.000 citizens Greater Biel: ~104.000 citizens Hinterland: ~150.000 citizens Not too uneven, applicable for

bike sharing solutions

Provision of 50 bikes during the pilot phase, afterwards a ramp up to 400bikes on 50 stations, where bikes can be picked up & returned.

Businesses can support the system by setting up a station in the very frontof their office and by financing a couple of bikes for the whole system.

A communication entity steers & monitors the information flow between thebike and the central communication server.

The users are registered in advance and have either a daily, monthly orannual membership. Operations are run by Biel city planning authorities andthe employment programme agency.

Pilot of 50 bikes in the centre in2010

In 2011 increase to 400 bike at

50 stations Businesses have the opportunity

to support the system by settingup a station in the very front oftheir office.

Biel in briefObjectives

Solution approach in Biel

Source: www.bikesharing.ch; www.are.admin.ch;

Facts & Figures

E-Buses Solut ion


http://www.are.admin.ch/

http://www.are.admin.ch/



September 2013


Current situation regarding bus transport in Turku



September 2013


Reducing the need for transport Use of public transport, transport percentage >15 %

of the journeys

Use of private cars, transport percentage <40% of the journeys

Minimization of the carbon footprint in all activities




Sufficient population for efficient public transport (5000/8000 inhabitants)

More than 60% of the residents live within 250 m from the public transport stops of the bus rapid transit system More than 90% of the residents live within 450 m from the public transport stops of the bus rapid transit system

Smart, ICT based solutions for consumers and transport control

Car ownership to be 25% below the average


Currently ~ 180 diesel buses operate public transport.Alternative technologies are being evaluated.

Use of private cars is common in Turku

Regional authority established


E-buses for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


The concept has several variations, depending on the role ofcombustion engine, most common today is serial hybridwhich has electric motor as 100% power supplier to vehicle

From combustion supported to pure battery to fuel celltechnology

The eBus lines can be planned to run either within normaltraffic lanes or in separate BTR Bus Rapid Transit line fromsatellite centers to city.

Full bus line solution: Need to ensure the adequate chargingpossibilities in the pit or turnaround places to ensurecontinuous service.

Serial Hybrid:Hybrid up to 30- 50% emission reduction on PT- depending on which Euro X norm to compare

- to diesel buses (Euro 2-4): Up to 40-50 %- to new Diesel bus (EEV): Up to 25-30 %

Today 8 to full size 18 meter buses

Thousands of deliveries, hybrid===================================

City bys with electric charging:Electric buses (Battery with PlugIn / Charge)

Battery (and Ultracapacitor)

Fuel cell with battery

Charging infrastructure

Comfortable environment of busstops

Sufficient travel chain

Short enough intervals

Prerequisites


Public transport need to beattractive and need to bethe choice of modal share

Comfortability improves theattractiveness

Public transport need to be anecological mode of transport

Low emissions

Integration to future light rail solution

Skanssi is outside of city center butneed to serve fast and easy access tothe working areas and city center

Less car traffic within district

Option 1


Impact evaluation for Castle Town & Skanssi



September 2013


no. of buses in Skanssi &Castle Town: 21

no. of charging stations: 2

labor cost (installation,maintenance, administration)

Earnings will be same as withordinary buses

2.140

4.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.6004.600

2 0 3 6

2.140

2 0 3 5

2.140

2 0 3 4

2 0 4 0

2 0 3 3

2 0 3 2

2 0 3 1

2 0 3 0

2 0 2 9

2 0 2 8

2.140

2 0 2 7

2 0 3 9

2 0 3 8

2.140

2 0 3 7

2.1402.140

2 0 2 6

2.140

2 0 2 5

Capex Opex

CAPEX & OPEX

Assumptions

Assumpt ions

Source: http://www.cincinnati-oh.gov/bikes/; www.fta.dot.gov, expert estimation

Savings on fuel costs Environmentally friendly traffic Supporting the smart grid, an energy reserve / storage Independent from crude oil prices

Benefits

Impact evaluation





September 2013



Baseline of Castle Town &Skanssi is then 12.400 tCO2/yrfor 15.000 + 8.000 residents


Bus km in Turku 12 mil.

Hybrids reduce emissions by 30%& eBuses reduce emissions by90% compared to normal buses

100% of eBuses


898 11.023

12.400

-11%



479


Linnakaupunki

Baseline (tCO2/a)


Source: Turku Light Rail Impact Study

E-buses for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


.


Citizens Silent, reliable transport

A visibly environmentally friendly mode of transport

Investors Local bus manufacturers can fully participate

Local innovations & tech. to fit local needs

Environment 25-100% reduction on public transport CO2 (hybrid-full

eBus)

Significant noise reduction

City / district administration Fuel costs reduction

More silent

Charging of eBuses can take advantage of tram routes

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

Citydevelopment

12 months

6 months

3 months

3 months

3-10 months

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Winter conditions, adequate charging facilities No special geographical issues.

A very visible sign for low emission attitude Will raise interest from other cities towards Turku way of solving the issues

Can be included into public tendering with emission level requirements for

certain lines May also be calculated / tested in co-operation with local research institutes

and bus companies Technologies exist Winter conditions needs to be discussed Local tests jointly with research institutes and bus companies

Rollout potential is high, Turku is already testing some hybrid bus typessolution. When building a new district makes it relatively easy to set theinfrastructure ready for future eBus lines.

International examples and even some national pilots exists


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transferability

Responsibilities of the energy providing vs. busservices level

Financial expectations for further routes /hybrid & eBuses

Costs for the city to build larger eBusinfrastructure

Analyze the runtime, services level etc Make decisions accordingly

Either a joint test with research centers,Universities, VTT and local bus companies

Or include 1 eBus line to a public tendering forbus companies, or both

Internal planning of possible eBus routes Discussions with local bus companies

Overall time frame:

8-12 months


Best practice – E-buses



September 2013

© City of Turku & Siemens AG 2013. All rights reserved.

Improving air quality and reducing noise disturbance in cities Creating environmentally friendlier public transport solutions Increasing the modal share of public transport

Plans for almost total elimination of fossil fuel powered buses for environmental reasons for

example in Salzburg, Austria. References show potential for No idling energy losses (stopping at bus stops, traffic lights) Regeneration resulting energy savings of 30% on average Reducing air and noise pollution

Ecolobus Project in Quebec City, Canada, promoting traffic reduction, sustainability andsocial benefits since 2008. Anecdotal evidence from local officials suggest succeeding in

Reducing the number of cars and buses in Old Quebec Helping to create a more pedestrian friendly environment

In Arnhem, Holland , six trolleybuses an hour was found cheaper to operate than six

motorbuses Lower and more predictable operating costs (compared to imported fuels)

Recharging the vehicle for example while running under the wires or mainly during off-peakhours (typically overnight) as in Genoa and Tur in, Italy

Overnight charging reducing issue of capacity for electrical generation

Increase in ridership on convertedroutes to trolleybuses on ”like-for-like”basis - Arnhem, Holland: +17%;Salzburg, Austria: +16%; similar resultsalso in San Francisco Overall positive cus tomer feedback:

82% of participants in Quebec Citywere very satisfied or satisfied

Electric minibus case in Oxford,England, in 1990’s reported reduced

air pollution of -21% CO2, -98% CO, -42% acid gases, -93% hydrocarbonsand -95% particulates after 500 days ofoperation

Trol ley in Arnhem, HollandChallenges

Facts & Figures

Solution approaches in other towns and cities

Source: Simon P Smiler and others. City Transport – Electric Bus. Website: http://citytransport.info/Electbus.htm. Accessed: March 7th 2013.The Quebec City Écolobus System. Website: http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/programs/environment-utsp-casestudypublictransit-1707.htm. Accessed: March 7th 2013.10 years of electric buses with IPT Charge. Website: http://www.conductix.com/en/news/2012-05-31/10-years-electric-buses-iptr-charge. Accessed: March 7th 2013.

http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/programs/environment-utsp-casestudypublictransit-1707.htm

http://www.conductix.com/en/news/2012-05-31/10-years-electric-buses-iptr-charge

http://citytransport.info/Electbus.htm



http://citytransport.info/Digi/5403a.jpg























http://citytransport.info/Electbus.htm



Travel chains




September 2013


Current situation regarding public transport in Turku



September 2013


Build an end-to-end journey focused approach Make public transport more green and sustainable


Reduce congestion

Reduce private driving, increase modal shift



Bus stop intervals so that the speed of public transport is compatible with private cars

More than 90% of the residents live within 450 m from the bus rapid transit system stop

Enhancing the attractiveness of other forms of transport to private cars

Flexible public transport travelling, change of transport mode


85% of public transport journeys within the Turkuregion take place within city boundaries.

2 Railway stations

7 Service levels for public transport are defined pernetwork sections

City owned and several private bus companies withservice contracts


Travel chains for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


By shifting mobility demand to public transport, the attractiveness ofpublic transport services needs a boost most of the time in terms of

journey times & timekeeping.

The installation of a module for prioritizing public transport at signalcontrolled intersections serves in two ways. An appropriatelyequipped guidance system not only increases travel speeds &improves punctuality on public transport services with minimalimpact on private vehicles, but it also allows public transportoperators to economize on use of vehicles, or alternatively toimprove services using the same number of vehicles. Guaranteedright of way for public transport is usually managed locally.

The bus or tram determines its position (using markers or GPStechnology) &, as it approaches the stop line, relays its position tothe local controller. This adjusts the signaling by extending orshortening of a green phase or even by inserting a new phase, sothat on reaching the stop line, the bus or tram re-ceives a greenlight. On the one hand, the task of the guaranteed-right-of-waysystem for public transport is to dispatch the vehicle over theintersection without stops and loss of time – on the other handhowever, it is of course desirable to keep the impact on privatetransport as small as possible.

According to a study by Nürnberger Verkehrsbetriebe VAG, buses& trams waste up to 27% of their total travel time in waiting at

intersections. For public transport, this proportion of time can bedrastically reduced using guaranteed right of way. If it is politicallydesirable, the UTC (Urban Traffic Control) system can beprogrammed in such a way that public transport waiting times atintersections are cut to zero. However, this kind of solution requiresthe availability of a dedicated bus or tram lane, which in turn mayhave a massively impact on private transport.

High data availability & dataprocessing

Optimized operational andadministrative processes

Overarching trafficmanagement concept

integrated traffic planningacross all modes

Prerequisites


Well working and efficienttravel chain, i.e. optimizedinterfaces between modesto reduce waiting times

Transport managementsystem to optimized routeplanning

Incident management

Careful location planning for bus stopsand connections to other modes oftransport

Well working and efficient travelchain, i.e. optimized interfacesbetween modes to reduce waitingtimes and make travellign by PTconvenient to support other transportmeans than private car usage

- 10% in the total travel timeon a given public transportroute (provided that theservice intervals are kept thesame) can lead to a reductionof vehicles required to coverthe public transport demandby about 9%, bringing with itan enormous savings potentialin terms of equipment, staffand maintenance.

Facts & f igures


Impact evaluation



September 2013




Bus km in Turku 12 mil.

Optimized travel chains lead to amileage reduction of 9%


12.400 -12.386


Linnakaupunki

9

Baseline (tCO2/a) Saving potential(tCO2/a) inSkanssi


-0%

5



Travel chains for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


.


Citizens The travel chain enables change from private car use to

public transport due to more convenient , i.e. faster travel &empty streets.

Investors Higher no. of passengers

Less vehicles

Less fuel consumption

Environment Optimized travel chains cuts the no. of involuntary stops

for buses. Scientific analyses have shown a stop is theequivalent of 60s waiting with a running engine. Thus, areduction in the no. of buses stopping at intersections hasa very positive impact on exhaust emissions.

City / district administration Working travel chain supports the city plan to grow >15%

Traffic to PT & seamless traffic reduces amount of vehicles

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

Citydevelopment

18 months

12 months

12 months

12 months

6 months

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

No specific spatial requirements to be given for the implementation of thisconcept

The concept fits into the city strategy of making public transport moreattractive and enhancing the modal shift from private car transport towardsother means of transport.

Target group: 1st phase local, then TBD.

Adequate market / district size: 2 railway stations, passenger ship harbor,local and long distance bus stations, taxi companies

Required complementary equipment / solutions are available Issue is the planning of all the pieces to be connected and determining

what should be the starting point

Rollout potential is high, Size and variables of the transport chain makes itrelatively easy to be planned, but required parties needs still to be defined.


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Overall time frame:

8-24 months

What options to require various PTcompanies to join the system? Taxi,Matkahuolto etc?

Budget, revenue growth from new passengers,revenue growth from current passengers.Maintenance costs…

IT project for ticketing ( if not donewithin other City Developmentprojects)

Ticketing solution Connections to other public transport

(VR…etc)

Route planning, estimations and calculationsfor passenger growth and behaviour

Source: Siemens

Content



September 2013





3

Mobility & Logistics – Connectivity and sustainable

on-site transport

4 Social Issues


6 Implementation

58 - 71

72 - 121

122 - 160

161 - 190

191 - 203

204 - 210

The social issues measures enable the distr icts to bea community that includes, actively supports and

engages all groups of inhabitants.



September 2013


3 principles of a sustainable

district

The societal factor isinterconnected to, is influenced and influences itself theeconomical and ecologicalsustainability of a district.

Society

Economics Ecology

Family orientation

as part of the

branding

Adapting to

demographic

change& future trends

Community Areas

Social engagement in energy efficiency

Multi-functional schoolcenter

Multi-functional schoolcenter

Vision

Skanssi Solution

Vision

Castle Town

The living Oasis focuseson young families &creatives

The incubator urban lab focuses on urban citizens& working people

Measures

Green Building Monitor

Living Lab

Common saunas

Market places

Mobility guide & Last-Mile Car

Home automation

Solutions of Mobility, Buildings and Energy provide

synergies with Social Issues Solut ions



September 2013


• Fast, easy and cheap connection tothe city centre as well as the countryside as an advantage especially foryoung families and older inhabitants

Family

orientation

as part of the

branding

• Children friendly environment• Satisfaction of the need of families to

feel particularly save in their homes aswell as in public places

• Same applies for old and handicapped

inhabitants

Smart Buildings

Public Transportservices andsmart informationservices

The consumerbecomes aproducer

Solutions of Infrastructure

Areas

B u

i l d i n g s

S o

l u t i o n

E n e r g y

S o

l u t i o n

Standardizedsecurity systems

M o

b i l i t y & L o g

i s t i c s

S o

l u t i o n

Social

engagement in energy

efficiency

• Increasing understanding for energyproduction

• Self-contained energy supply as anidentification factor for community

• Interconnected systems of energyconsumption is the basis for a centralized

and user friendly control• Smart solutions to be implemented inmultifunctional-school center

Social Issues

Solutions

Adapting to

demographic

change& future

trends

Contribution to Social Issues

Solutions

Family orientation as part of the branding

Social Issues, Skanssi & Castle Town



September 2013


Family orientation for Skanssi & Castle Town at a

glance



September 2013


Foundation of community centers by combining severalpublic services in and around schools

School renting out rooms for other public services and privateusers (e.g. businesses, church groups, dancing club)

Common area for public in combination with seating placesand a small kitchen

Services should be tailored to specific target groups of thetwo districts.

Accessible for anyone via interactive online booking system

Users receive a bar code on their smartphone with whichthey get access to the room they have reserved

Heating and lighting is automatically regulated depending onbooking times

Technologies and other materials (e.g. flipcharts) are storedin central room and can also be reserved and paid viainteractive online booking system

Multi-functionality approach needs flexible elements inbuildings that are comparable to an open office concept usedin companies

„exclusive“ and „open“ areas Smart services to manage facility, e.g. time table and

interactive online booking system

Special needs recognition as an overall guidance in planningphase – barrier free access to all facilities

Go into an active dialogueduring planning phase with avariety of stakeholders (e.g.families, social welfare andcharitable organízations)

Build up a commonunderstanding of whichprojects should be realized

Prerequisites


Places of encounter for all generations Active integration of minority groups

Set basis for a save and barrier-free environment in terms ofinfrastructure as well as social indicators (e.g. criminality rate)

Social inititiatives to increase the understanding for other generationsand to help overcoming prejudices

Prohibit active and passive discrimination against groups andindividuals

Innovative services that provide solutions for the whole family

Special focus on vulnerable inhabitants

Offer families a green and saveenvironment or an environmentwith an urban atmosphere

Implement smart services thatsupport young families inorganizing their daily life

provide flexibility betweenprivate and business activities

Offer a broad range of leisuretime facilities tailored to familyneeds

Objectives

Services in Mult i-Functional School Center tailored to

Skanssi & Castle Town



September 2013


Cultural events such as lectures, artsexhibitions and concerts

Initiatives that „make use“ of the spatialproximity, e.g. granny au-pair

Integration of a family center lending items for children, such

as skis or buggies Short „SOS“ lendings but also

over an extended period of time Garden as the heart of the center

Services for

Castle Town

Trade fairs and business lectures/coachings

Simulation of business cases withinteractive computer game

Business Competence Center “exclusive” rooms to be used for

meetings Availability of printers, small

selection of office equipment(e.g. folders, pencils)

Establish restaurants in area

Common

services

Specific

services

Leisure activity offerings for children, the youth and senior citizens Evening classes (e.g. language courses, „second chance“ education) Possible integration of a day care center and a nursing home Establish shops of daily needs

Services for

Skanssi

Family orientation for Skanssi & Castle Town at a

glance



September 2013


.


Citizens Many services in reachable distance

For Castle Town: flexibility between working and leisuretime

For Skanssi: whole family has one centre

Investors Optimum utilization of facilities

Additional income by renting out

Environment Less energy consumption/CO2 emission due to

Less traffic

Optimal utilization of buildings

City / district administration

Prestige object in the heart of the district Offering variety of services for less money through using

synergies

High community identification of inhabitants

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

Citydevelopment

12 months

6 months

12 months

12 months

ongoing

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Technical realization without barriers for new buildings Greater efforts for existing infrastructure

Skanssi and Castle Town are successful as best practice models as acommunity of social integration and innovative public services

Initial investment depending on location High long-term profitability for city when used consequently by different

service providers

Integration of smart services to manage facilities Renovation of buildings to make it multi-functionally usable

Transfer to other schools is realistic due to the flexibility of this approach Roll out potential: high


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Enabling school to renting out rooms Establish rules and regularities for all parties

involved Private investors and city of Turku deciding on joint

financing plan

Implementation of interactive onlinebooking system to manage thefacilities

Start with most crucial facilities (school,Business Competence Center, nursing home)

Gradually implement additional services

Mobilty Guide Adapting to demographic change & future trends

Social Issues, Skannsi & Castle Town



September 2013


Mobil ity Guide for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


The Mobility Guide is an integrated,multi-modal mobility service and therefore part of theIntermodal Mobility Platform (mobility & logistics solutions)

Accessible from a smart phone or tablet, the system guidesuser through

Multi-modal journey planning and reservations

Navigation

Onboarding

Proceeding to the next transport vehicle

Offers additional information such as where to find the nextcoffee shop, operator statistics and real-time information ofchanges to planned itinerary

Voice control and simplification of user interface for lesstechnically oriented users

Especially older inhabitants of the district

could make better and more comfortable use of

Public transport system by relying on the

Mobility Guide.

Service of the Intermodal Mobility Platform (further details inmobility & logistics solutions part)

Uses GPS and internet connection

App can be easily installed on own device

Commitment of allstakeholders to activelyaddress demographic changeand future trends

Accepting the adaptation todemographic change andfuture trends as an ongoingprocess

Competent and reliablepartners for implementinginclusive solutions in allinfrastructure areas

Prerequisites


Sustainable thinking and acting as a guiding principle in planning andimplementation phase of districts & continuous efforts to improveefficient resource usage

Offer places of encounter & connecting things, people and services viainternet to keep up with future trends

Barrier-free access to all buildings, places and mobility

Social initiatives to increase awareness for the needs of minorities andto help overcoming prejudices & innovative services that foster thediversity approach

Special focus on vulnerable inhabitants

Sustainable thinking and actingis one major principle

Aiming for a tolerant societythat actively includes minoritiesand promotes diversity

Addressing further needs of

changing lifestyle attitudes Use of smart services,especially for sick, handicappedand older inhabitants

Objectives

Mobil ity Guide for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance



September 2013


.


Citizens Convenient inter-modal travel

Only one interface to transport provider

Be (and stay) mobile by relying on smart service

Investors Better understanding of customers

Improved utilization

Value-added service

Environment Optimized utilization

of the transport infrastructure

Increased public transport utilization because of higherattractiveness

City / district administration Attractive mobility services

Active support of older inhabitants to use transportinfrastructure and therefore to be more independent

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

Citydevelopment

6 months

6 months

12-18 months

N.a.

ongoing

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

No specific requirements

Districts / cities that want to implement the Intermodal Mobility Platform andoffer smart services especially for older inhabitants

Highly attractive especially when district / city has a relatively complextransport system

Transport providers implement open standards to ensure interconnection ofinformation and services

Roll out potential: high


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transferability

Clarification of data protection requirements Set up a data protection guideline

Stakeholder agreement on finance plan

Realization of service will be possiblein the near future

Skanssi and Castle Town could be the pilotdistricts to implement this service

Gradual expansion of service to the whole cityof Turku

Community Areas

Social Issues, Skanssi & Castle Town



September 2013



Sit ti f it i Obj ti f it i



September 2013


A good network of public areas in the city Smart services in public areas and public or private

indoor spaces.

Turku has agreed on lowering the CO2-emissions30% by the year 2020.

The public areas are a critical part of the image of the new areas

Common indoor and outdoor spaces to provide services and foster the community feeling

Private financing and ownership on public out-door areas and semi-public indoor-spaces.

Private services in a key role on making the local services

Smart public services in community areas Creation of social life places for everyone as a focus for Skannsi

Business life places providing networking and business opportunities for Castle Town

Finland has a strong tradition in public outdoor areas.There has been strong regulation for them includingplaygrounds, parks and other recreational areas.

Indoor spaces have been implemented in certain kindsof housing, especially older and rental housing.

Situation of community areas inTurku

Objectives of community areas inTurku

Specific objectives of communi ty areas in Skanssi & Castle Town

Common saunas for Skanssi & Castle Town at a

glance



September 2013


Establish Common Saunas as an attractive alternative toprivate ones

Owned by private service providers, users pay entry

Two different kinds of establishments

Neighborhood saunas as single buildings that are open toeveryone

Saunas integrated in apartment blocks that are exclusivelyfor inhabitants

Not exclusive to Skanssi but focus area for this district

Combine community activity with energy savings comparedto private saunas

Especially the neighborhood saunas have the potential tooffer a complete sauna landscape including swimming pool,children area etc. Open discussion between

stakeholders in planningphase to decide on

the needs of district

the economical solutions

Owners of community areas

and their responsibilities Regular evaluation of chosen

solutions and adaptationswhen necessary

Prerequisites


Meeting specific needs of district focus groups Establish flexible environments that can be adjusted to changing

demands

Building community in leisure and business time

Implement community areas that are accessible for every inhabitant ofdistrict

Comfortable usage in summer and winter

Responsibility of city to ensure that minorities are included Clarification of ownership and responsibilities

Sustainable thinking and actingis one major principle

Aiming for a tolerant societythat actively includes minoritiesand promotes diversity

Addressing further needs ofchanging lifestyle attitudes

Use of smart services,especially for sick, handicappedand older inhabitants

Objectives

Impact evaluation – Common Saunas



September 2013


Building cost and potential savings Assumptions

Building cost of Common Saunas is 1.350 € / person.

One common sauna + shower + dressing-room + toilet is app 30 m2.

Building cost 30 m2 x 4.500 €/m2 = 135.000 €.

Takes care of the needs of 100 inhabitants.

Total area built for saunas: 2.400 m2

Building cost of private saunas is 3.500 € / person.

One private sauna is app 3,5 m2.

Building cost 3,5 m2 x 3.000 €/m2 = 10.500 €.

Takes care of the needs of 3 inhabitants.

Total area built for saunas: 9.333 m2

The total saving on building costs in the area is 17,2M€ (2.150 € / inhabitant, 8.000 inhabitants)

Common Saunas 80 x 135.000 € = 10,8 M€ private saunas 2667 x 10.500€ = 28,0 M€

• In practice the biggest apartments might still haveprivate saunas, this calculation is simplified so thatnone of the apartments has private saunas.

Impact evaluation – Common Saunas



September 2013


Energy consumption & potential savings Assumptions

The heating of individual saunas: heated once / week,10 kWh / heating, 1 sauna for 3 inhabitants

The heating of Common Saunas: heated 3 times /week, 64 kWh / heating, 1 sauna for 100 inhabitants

Skanssi, with 8.000 inhabitants, would either have2667 private saunas or 80 Common Saunas

The energy consumption in Skanssi (normal heatingfor the rest of the time not included)

private saunas 1.387 MWh / year Common Saunas 799 MWh / year

The potential saving is 588 MWh / year

Overall heating: The Common Saunas need 2.400 m2floor-area, the private saunas need 9.333 m2. Thatmeans 6.933 m2 smaller heated total area or 22.800m3 lower building-volume in Skanssi-area.

0

200

400

600

800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.600

Energy Consumption

Common saunas 799 MWh

Private saunas 1.387 MWh

Saving potential 588 MWh

• Further savings will come from overall heating of the

6.933 m2 smaller total floor-area in Skanssi.• Energy saving potential when using exhaust air for

heating the rest of the building

Common saunas for Skanssi & Castle Town at a

glance



September 2013


.


Citizens Better quality and wider range of services than in private

sauna

Enjoying sauna experience with community

No high investment cost

Investors Increased attractiveness of building/neighborhood

Additional business opportunity

Environment Energy savings compared to private saunas

Less CO2 emissions

City / district administration Supports image of a modern and sustainable district

Increased attractiveness through additional leisure timefacilities

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

Citydevelopment

12 months

6 months

12 months

6-36months

ongoing

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Modification of apartment blocks necessary Enough space in already established districts

Skanssi and Castle Town are successful as best practice models for asustainably acting community

Districts need to find investor or finance it themselves

Relatively high effort to modify already existing buildings

The calculation of energy savings with Common Saunas can be transferredto any area / development project

Overall transferability can be seen as high


I m p

l e m e n

t a t i o n p

l a n

R o

l l o u

t p

o t e n

t i a l

Overall

transferability

City master plan & Detailed city plans in phases The city plan should allow to build Common Saunas over

the normal building-right Financial model on the central park (Skanssi) Financial model in the common indoor spaces The city plan should allow to build Common Saunas over

the normal building-right Overall plans for the indoor & outdoor areas Detailed plans for the outdoor areas Agreement on the Common Saunas with stakeholders First solutions concluded in housing (saunas & indoor

spaces) First part of the park (Skanssi)

Overall planning of the central park (incl stormwaters) Schools outdoor-areas planned as part of the park and

indoors as part of the indoor services in the area


Social issues Community areas Common Saunas



September 2013


creating a sense of community in the district overall participation of the residents in the districts’ activities incorporating ecological mindset into the lifestyle of the residents

allotment plots in the green fingers, which inhabitants can rent for gardeningpurposes

many green spaces and parks in the area

shared saunas and common laundries in the buildings for the residentsto use

Amount of common spaces / totalarea (17 houses): 5.739 m2 / 61.309m2 = 9,4% Building volume / The living area in

Eco Viikki is 4,53 (normal areas 4,1 -4,2) Amount of common areas: Allotment plots are appriciated and

well used

Challenge

Facts & FiguresSolution approach in Eco-Viikk i

Social issues

Eco-Viikki

http://esi.nus.edu.sg/publications/2012/02/02/solar-potential-of-hdb-blocks-in-singapore

Community areas – Common Saunas

Market places as a measure for Skanssi &

Linnakupunki



September 2013


Anyone can

offer

anything to

anyone via a

virtuel

platform

@

Virtual market place

(Physical) All-year market place

A place of

encounter

and tradingin the heart

of the

district

Trading

Networking

Socialising

Shopping B u s

i n e s s

P l e a

s u r e

Indoor-/Outdoor marketplace for Skanssi & Castle

Town at a glance

Illustration market place during summer



September 2013


Preferably community owned outdoor/indoor area Focus on

business fairs as a networking opportunity

product/services presentations, weekly market fordaily needs

community events such as concerts

The same place is modifiable depending on weatherconditions, outdoor market during the summer

Flexible modules close the area with a roof top and side walls

in winter time Market stands are booked via an online administrativesystem enabling high transparency and accessibility

Description of solution

Illustration market place during winter

Illustration market place during summer

Source: http://philly.curbed.com/tags/chestnut-hill-farmers-market

Indoor-/Outdoor market places for Skanssi & Castle

Town at a glance

f



September 2013


.


Citizens Modern and flexible environment for micro businesses

Urban and vibrant atmosphere

Investors Increased attractiveness of district

Additional business opportunity

Environment Optimal usage of space

High energy savings expected due to closed room andcentral heating system

City / district administration supports image of a modern urban district

Attracting businesses through offering a platform to get in

contact with investors and customers

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

Citydevelopment

1 month

12 months

4months

12 months

ongoing

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

No barriers in newly built districts Enough space in already established districts?

Shift of business focus necessary depending on clientel of the district

Initial investment is comparably high due to flexible modules which makes

strong commitment and joined investment of public and private sectornecessary

Management of the marketplace as a potential challenge

None

Overall transferability is likely, mainly due to the absence of specifictechnical requirements

However, high initial investment is a challenge Rollout potential: high


I m p

l e m e n

t a t i o n p

l a n

R o

l l o u

t p

o t e n

t i a l

Overall

transferability

Identify private and public investors who jointlyagree on a finance plan

Decide for a system and adjust it to CastleTown´s requirements

Start with provision of place and covering system forthe winter time

Implement simple online booking system

Gradually add additional smart services in thebooking system

Clarify what the requirements are for flexiblemodules (hight of construction, opening hoursetc.)

Virtual marketplaces for Skanssi & Castle Town at a

glance

D i i f l iC f ti



September 2013


Community platform used as a trade and exchange marketonline

Every inhabitant can be a provider and customer

Virtual market place enables B2B, B2C and C2C commerce

Possible offerings

Any kind of consumer goods (e.g. food)

Industrial products

Services such as food delivery, in-house hairdressing,

language courses or babysitting Enable B2B, B2C and C2C commerce

…

In addition, services may be offered in

exchange for another service or good without

the usage of money. A pensioner could, for

example, teach a migrant finnish who in return

does the shop for him/her.

„Every individual has something to offer“ is the guiding principle for this measure.

Community platform used as a trade and exchange marketonline

Virtual trading communities like ebay serve as a successfulbusiness model

Open discussion betweenstakeholders in planningphase to decide on

the needs of district

the economicalsolutions

Owners of marketplace areasand their responsibilities

Regular evaluation of chosensolutions and adaptationswhen necessary

Prerequisites


Meeting specific needs of district focus groups Building community in leisure and business time

Responsibility of city to ensure that minorities are included Clarification of ownership and responsibilities

Connection

Virtual marketplaces for Skanssi & Castle Town at a

glance

I l t ti l d ll t t ti lB fit



September 2013


.


Citizens Business but also community driven exchange platform

Adding a value to society by bringing in own strengths

Investors Increased attractiveness of district

Additional stimulation of „local economy“

Environment No negative implications for environment

City / district administration supports image of a modern and innovative urban district

Fosters community cohesion

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

Citydevelopment

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

Overall transferability is likely if district/city is able to finance it itself or findsprivate sector investors

Rollout potential: high


I m p

l e m e n

t a t i o n p

l a n

R o

l l o u

t p

o t e n

t i a l

Overall

transferability

Identify private and public investors who jointly agree ona finance plan

Choose platform developer and start project Platform „goes live“

Start with a basic version to gradually implement furtherservices

Potential to become a regional or even national platform

over the years Continuous improvement necessary

2 months 8 months

ongoing

Clarify whether public sector is able to offer suchservices

6-12 months

2 weeks

1 year

No specific requirements

Fits to any kind of district that aims at exchanging goods and serviceswithin the close community

Private investment partners are necessary Knowledge of which business will be located in district/city as a basis forthat

Inhabitants have access to internet


S ll i



September 2013


Business model Platform that connects people who want

to buy, sell or swap special experiences,such as a soap opera or an exclusivesafari

Generates profit through sellers who paxcommission on the final selling price

Business model

Platform that connects borrower andlender

Idea is to buy a service which can also

mean to use a certain product only for alimited period of time

Sell experiences - sweemo

Sell services - Zilok

Source: http://www.boardofinnovation.com/

Busines model

Platform that connects buyers andsellers

Generates profit through a listing fee or

commission on the transactions that aremade

Sell (used) goods - ebay


Social Issues, Skannsi & Castle Town



September 2013



Situation of social engagement in Objectives of social engagement in



September 2013


Social Issues have had an important part of differentstrategies in Turku for a long time in many levels

Create a shared understanding in community of responsible energy consumption and CO2 emissions

Achieve economical and ecological advantages through individual energy savings Use group dynamic of community as a driver for energy efficient behavior

„think and act sustainable“ as a positive image for both districts

City of Turku has made an agreement to use onlyelectricity from renewable sources

Metering of electricity has been renewed lately and is inmodern state with hourly metering

Users are able to choose their electricity provider

Situation of social engagement inTurku

Objectives of social engagement inTurku

Specif ic objectives of social engagement in Skanssi & Castle Town

Source: xxxxx

Energy effic iency for Skanssi & Castle Town at a

glance




September 2013


Concept aims at innovations that are developed and tested ina multifaceted real context

User-centric approach is based on the experiences andknowledge and ideas of individuals

Businesses, authorities, researchers and inhabitants work inprojects to create validate and test new technologies,services or business ideas

Products or services are adjusted to the needs of the userthroughout an innovation process

Focus on democratic and open process that includes diverse

people and backgrounds The „negotiated city“ as a new approach of developing a

living environment

May be supported by open space technology that enablesusers to moderate discussions as well as generate concretemeasures in working groups Standardized system that meters energy for single households

Live energy consumption monitoring

Connecting all energy producers and consumers

Open data provision

Analyses of all data and preparation for end users in short period oftime

Initiatives that enable inhabitants to motivate themselves to think andact sustainable

Prerequisites


Information of inhabitants about their individual energy

consumption

cost of energy

production source of energy

how to use energy moreefficiently

Mind shift of how to use energyby increasing inhabitantsawareness of their consumption

behaviour

Lower costs, socialaffirmation/recognition

Information access to be ensuredat any time

Possibility to choose betweendifferent energy providers

Switching providers withoutbarriers, Involve inhabitants insolution process

participative democracy



Green building monitor for Skanssi & Castle Town at

a glance




September 2013


The Green Building Monitor (GBM) collects a variety ofvalues within building and enables user to monitor them

power and water consumption

temperature readings

greenhouse gas emissions etc.

Awareness of energy consumption motivates inhabitants touse energy more efficiently

Enable individuals to actively influence their energyconsumption by installing GBM in single appartments

Installation in public buildings to achieve transparency andshow best practice examples

Data center collects and analyses all data ofneighbourhood/district to provide inhabitants withbenchmarking data

Open standards required (e.g. BACnet)

Can be steered by on-the-wall-devices, tablets, from acentral station etc.

Colour in display indicates the energy performance of thebuilding

Standardized system that metersenergy for single households

Live energy consumptionmonitoring

Connecting all energy producersand consumers

Open data provision

Analyses of all data andpreparation for end users in shortperiod of time

Initiatives that enable inhabitantsto motivate themselves to thinkand act sustainable

Prerequisites


Information of inhabitants about their individual energy

consumption

cost of energy

production source of energy

how to use energy moreefficiently

Mind shift of how to use energyby increasing inhabitantsawareness of their consumption

behaviour

Lower costs, socialaffirmation/recognition

Information access to be ensuredat any time

Possibility to choose betweendifferent energy providers

Switching providers withoutbarriers, Involve inhabitants insolution process

participative democracy

The Living Lab for Skanssi & Castle Town at a glance

Implementation plan and rollout potentialBenefits



September 2013


.


Citizens Are part of the solution generation for their own community

and home

Can actively influence which and how innovations arerealised

Energy cost savings

High information availability

Full control of energy production and consumption

Investors Direct contact to users of products and services

Benefit from innovative ideas generated by community

Cutting-edge solution with high marketing effect

Environment Innovations to use energy efficiently are continuously

developed further

Less energy consumption/CO2 emission throughbehavioural change

City / district administration Image of being an innovative district

Community building through joined projects

Attractive for innovation oriented investors

Sharpening image as sustainable district

Benefits

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

Milestones Time

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit


I m p

l e m e n

t a t i o n p

l a n

R o

l l o u

t p

o t e n

t i a l

Overall

transferability

Private investors and city of Turku deciding on joint financing plan

• Evaluate possible network size

Establishment of data center and first buildingsequipped with Green Building Monitor

Connect single entities and start with first initiatives

Gradually extend data network

Balance between individual data protection andknowledge sharing

• 6 months

• 2 months

• 2 months

2 years

ongoing

Technical realization without barriers for new buildings Greater efforts for existing infrastructure

Skanssi and Linnakaupinki are successful as best practice models for asustainably acting community

High initial investment necessary Long-term profitability only when used consequently

Standardized system for the whole city Establishment of complex network between energy producers and consumers

Challenging to transfer this solution to the whole city due to potential technicalrestrictions and high investment need

Roll out potential: medium

Reference case / Best practice The Crystal

9 KPIs are measured /



September 2013


The Crystal is connected via Energy Monitoring and Controlling (EMC) tothe Advantage Operations Center (AOC) in Frankfurt, which constantlymonitors the systems for efficient operation.

Automatically transfer of current consumption information and

performance indicators to the Green Building Monitors (GBM) in theCrystal

LED displays are integrated in the graphic to represent the data of 9 KPIs

The info-graphic obtains the required data directly from the EMC via anauthenticated interface.

1. % of the electricity consumed sofar today has been provided bythe solar panels

2. kWh of electricity have beenconsumed so far today

3. kWh of heat generated by groundsource heat pump

4. kWh of cooling generated by

ground source heat pump5. kWh of heat has been generatedby the solar thermal systems

6. liters of water have beenconsumed so far today

7. % of the water consumed hasbeen provided by the recyclingsystem

8. % of the water consumed so far

today has been provided by therainwater harvesting system

9. tones of CO2 have beenprevented from being emitted bythe building's system

monitored

The success model

Content




September 2013






on-site transport

4 Social Issues


6 Implementation

58 - 71

72 - 121

122 - 160

161 - 190

191 - 203

204 - 210

Smart City Services



September 2013


Smart City Services are closely interwoven with the

other infrastructure areas and solutions

Infrastr areas Explanation

Backup

Solutions



September 2013


Infrastr. areas Explanation

Smart City Services are not an independent,stand-alone infrastructure area but closelyinterwoven with the other areas and solutionsThe solutions marked in bold on the left are

either partly Smart Services or could actually beimplemented as such

Energy

Mobility

Buildings

Social

Solar panelsDecentralized Energy ManagementDistribution Automation Electricity StorageCommunication infrastructure network

Car Sharing and ci ty bike rental

Parking & charging Electric Public Transport

Travel chains Information management solut ions

Standardized Automation Standardized Security Systems

Smart Buildin gs

Predictive Automation using weather forecast


Community areas Adapting to demographic change

Family orientation

Solutions

Illustration of applications of Smart CityServices in the respective infrastructure areas

Integrated Mobi lity platform (IMP)




September 2013

© City of Turku & Siemens AG 2013. All righ ts reserved.Source: Siemens

Current situation regarding public transport in Turku

Objectives of mobility in TurkuSituation of mobility in Turku



September 2013


Build an end-to-end journey focused approach Make public transport more green and sustainable


Reduce congestion

Reduce private driving, increase modal shift

Objectives of mobility in Turku


Enhancing the attractiveness of other forms of transport to private cars

Flexible public transport travelling, change of transport mode

Specific objectives of Mobil ity & Logistics for Skanssi & Castle Town

85% of public transport journeys within the Turkuregion take place within city boundaries.

2 Railway stations

7 Service levels for public transport are defined pernetwork sections

City owned and several private bus companies withservice contracts

Situation of mobility in Turku

Integrated mobi lity platform for Skanssi & Castle

Town at a glance




September 2013


To make optimum use of the capacities of the entire trafficinfra-structure the intermodal evaluation of the traffic systemis increa-singly gaining importance. Intermodal TrafficManagement focuses on interoperable multimodal Real TimeTraffic & Travel Information (RTTI) services provided todrivers & travelers with the goal of dra-stically reducingenergy consumption in urban areas across the dif-ferentmodes of transport by changing the mobility behavior (modalshift) of the single traveler; resulting in: Less pollution,including CO2 emissions, particle emissions and noise; Lesstraffic conges-tion; Less energy consumption; A shift away

from individual trans-port towards public transport;Responsive and adaptive traffic ma-nagement. To enabletravelers planning for a journey and booking their means oftransport easily, Information Technology (IT) is a key elementin transportation strategy. A highly innovative IT-System,called the multimodal ‘Integrated Mobility Platform (IMP)’ willen-able travelers to use the transportation services in aconvenient manner – even though those transportationservices may include several modes & may be provided byvarious transport operators.

An IMP makes transport more attractive by offering end-to-end tra-vel solutions & is a lever to win new customers & togenerate more revenues from existing customers. An IMPneeds to be extendable & give the option to integrate moreservice partners mid-/long-term

Agreement of the different mobility providers to collaborate

Well organised travel chains as the backend of the solution

Open data interfaces

An IT architecture and solution that guarantees data security in thebilling process

A feasible B2B business model

A customer frontend which enables easy usage

Prerequisites


All age groups in the districtsmust be enabled to use PTfacilities.

A traveler may inquire aboutinfor-mation across alltransportation modes (& basedon real-time da-ta), then selectone of the offered mobilityoptions & finally book & pay forthe whole trip – from one singleplatform

convenient first to last mile tripplanning based on the traveler'spreferences

Real-time transport informationfor people traveling individually aswell as for public transport users

Dynamic (and multimodal) routinginformation

Residents must be easily en-abled to use public transport

Source: Siemens

Impact evaluation

Mobility & Logistics



September 2013




-6% of individual transport isshifted towards public transport

Thus, we will have an optimizedbaseline of 11.840 t CO2emissions in Castle Town andSkanssi

11.84012.400

-5%



195


Linnakaupunki

365

Baseline (tCO2/a)



Integrated mobi lity platform for Skanssi & Castle

Town at a glance

Implementation plan and rollout potentialBenefits



September 2013


.

p p p

Citizens / Travelers Integrated and easy-to-use multi-modal mobility services

Convenient multi modal travel, Using without thinking

Transparent travelling information & customized individualmobility packages

Greater choice of mobility offerings & attractive prices andbonus program

Operators / Investors Collaboration of Transport Operators to provide multi

modal end-to-end travel services Cost reduction

Value-added services

Additional sales channels through partners

Increase in revenue

Improved utilization & better understanding of customer

District “Sustainability” oriented management of scarce resources

to support modal shift

Optimized utilization of transport infrastructure

Compliance with emission regulations

Communication with the travelling public

Increased control of traffic management

Information about transport needs & attractive city

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

System ownership (city, jointly with taxi, railway etc)

Financing model

Rough technical concept (payment system connections,interfaces)

Detailed concept

Interconnection and payment system with 2 transport modes First phase: bus & train schedule & ticket payment Second phase: include taxi companies & car sharing

Route planning

Bus stops, car sharing or rental car parking lots

18 months

6 months

12 months

12 months

6 months

MilestonesTime

Geographical /

spatial fit

Profile fit

Economical fit

Technical fit

No specific spatial prerequisites Can be applied in every region

Targets innovative and integrated solutions Focuses on the optimization of end-to-end travel

Subject to economies of scale and scope

Needs a critical mass of both services and users Pre-investment is rather high

Needs careful technical planning and realization Interfaces, Partnering, Clearing and billing systems

Rollout potential is high, as Turku is already planning an e-Ticketing system Volume of the IMP needs still to be defined.


I m p

l e m e n

t a t i o n p

l a n

R o

l l o u t p o

t e n

t i a l

Overall

transferability

Source: Siemens

The Integrated Mobility Platform could help the city ofTurku to integrate with mobility services from other

providers.

Example –f ill t ti l



September 2013


RoutePlanning

BusOperator

RegionalBusOperator

RegionalBusOperator

NationalBusOperator

TicketSystem

NationalTrainOperator

RegionalTaxiOperator

ParkingCarSharing

BikeSharing

BikeRoutePlanning

Turku

for illustration only

Water

http://www.vr.fi/fi/index.html

http://www.matkahuolto.info/lippu/fi/connectionsearch?clear=Tyhjenn%C3%A4



September 2013


http://www.worldwaterweek.org

Decentralized waste water management for Skanssi

& Castle Town at a glance




September 2013


This solution offers a proven and economical solution totoday’s urban wastewater management challenges with itsFood Chain Reactor (FCR) solution, a cost and spaceefficient facility for the treatment of sanitary wastewater. Thewater treatment reactors in the water processing unit utilizecarefully selected plant root structures and biofiber media toprovide an ideal habitat for a unique and diverse biofilm. Themajority of the biomass resides in an attached form resultingin high sludge age in the reactors. The special media invitesa much more diverse biology than those already in use in theindustry. In addition to the bacteria found in traditional

activated sludge systems, the treatment plants are populatedby over 3,000 species of microbes, aquatic flora and fauna.Several reactors are used in sequence arranged in acascade configuration to optimize the development of distinctecosystems at each step of the treatment process.

The reactors are arranged in a cascade fashion withpretreatment steps in the beginning and final polishing at theend, depending on influent characteristics and effluent use.As water flows from one reactor to the other it passesthrough different ecologies and in each of these reactors

various components of the contaminants are broken down or- to put it another way- utilized as energy (food). Thus thesub-ecosystems provide for enhanced removal efficiencywhile utilizing less energy and producing less sludge. Thecomplex biology is managed by state of the art processcontrol software which regulates all engineering componentsnecessary to maintain ideal conditions in the system.

Each facility is odorless with a botanical-garden like appearance thatcan be located anywhere, even in a city center. At the same time theadvanced automation solutions ensure reliable and efficient operationof the waste water treatment plant, each with a simple, user friendlyinterface.

The facility treats wastewater to local standards and is able to handleextreme variations in the load both in terms of quality and quantity.

The solution reduces the physical footprint of the waste watertreatment plant by up to 60% and at the same time its improvedreliability and automated operation helps lowering operationalexpenses by 30%. It has a wide processing capacity from 1,000 m3per day to more than 200,000 m3 per day.

Technical details

p

To bring sustainable wastewater management into the district and thecity centre.

In times of resource scarcity it is a well justified question of how tohandle waste waters. In recent times waste water is more and moreperceived as an additional useful resource which needs to be treatedwith consideration and care.


Decentralized waste water management for Skanssi

& Castle Town at a glance

IllustrationBenefits



September 2013


.Citizens Savings

Odor-free

Operators / Investors OPEX savings

Improved efficiency

Advanced automation

District Decentralized approach

Attractive design

Less physical space


Reference case

Global references



September 2013


Globally more than 30 operating referencesand another 15 under construction,show the significant resource savingpotential of the solution for sustainablewastewater management.

In Shenzhen, China, the waste watertreatment seamlessly integrates into urbansettings, dramatically lowering infra-structure costs and creating opportunities

for automated "smart" wastewater networks.

Waste water treatment in Shenzhen, China


Content




September 2013





on-site transport

4 Social Issues


6 Implementation

58 - 71

72 - 121

122 - 160

161 - 190

191 - 203

204 - 210

Overall Strategic roadmap

Implementation roadmap



September 2013


Phase I Phase IIIPhase II

Evaluating the legal framework

Defining the business model

Develop the business case

and financial model Finding the financing

Ensure the technical conceptavailability

Demonstrate the technical

concept

Re-use sustainablesolutions in city development

Regulation of requirements

Monitoring and feedbackof results

Defining the most

suitable business model Implement sustainable

city districts Evaluating technical

concept

Legal

Financial

Technical

Pilot

City

development

Typically 3-6 month Typically 12 months Typically 3 months

Implementation, programming and project

management

Proposed project organizationRoles & Responsibil ities



September 2013


Steering

committee

City of Turku

Sounding

board

Core team

Project Lead

Responsible for content work withrespect to focus team topics

Current situation Identification of measures Evaluation and prioritization

Overall project management Definition of overall project targets,

methodology and project standards Coordination & alignment of focus teams Ongoing stakeholder involvement

Steering committee

Overall steeringand guidance

Taking of keydecisions

High-ranked sponsor and publicrepresentation of the project

Sounding board

Advisory Involvement

and alignmentof stakeholders

Stakeholders

Expert partners

Mobilityfocus team

Buildingsfocus team

Energyfocus team

...

Project setup inLighthouse projects

Critical success factors, risks and barriers

Introducing new district solutions is a complex and cross-functional long-termproject General experience based on the introduction of such complex



September 2013


• The open and target orientedcommunication towards citizens and aconvincing concept towards investorshow to efficiently install new technologiesin the City of Turku is essential.

• Citizens’ needs and lifestyle are the maindrivers for city services & infrastructure.Ensuring that actual and future requirementsare met by offering high quality, integratedservices in the new districts is an importantfactor in district development.

• Continuously integrate land use planning andtraffic planning: these two plans should berevised at the same time and be stronglyinterconnected to implement the appropriateactivities (business, residential, mix usedarea) at the right place. Rethink theinterconnection and integration of the regionalpublic transportation system as well as thecirculation in the city center will help to createa smooth and functional transportationnetwork.

• Identify and select competent and reliablepartners for the realization of the districtinfrastructure solutions is of importance.

• Ensure stable project funding to facilitateimplementation and to avoid unexpectedfinancial issues.

• Evaluate alternative funding possibilities suchas public private partnerships

• Actively influence the mobility behavior &travel patterns of the citizens by long-term urban planning, traffic managementand traffic guidance systems, parkingpolicies as well as company travel plansfor employers & information campaignsis another key requirement; as well assimplifying the use of public transporta-tion, for inhabitants but also tourists whocan then easily find stations & under-stand the network map at the 1st glance.

StrategicCommuni-

cation

Governance &Partnering

StakeholderInvolvement

IntegratedPlanning &Solutions

ProjectFunding

Transporta-tion

Management

project. General experience based on the introduction of such complex

turnkey projects and the knowledge about the specific si tuation in Turku aswell as some important cri tical success factors need to be highlighted.

Way forward: applicabili ty & transferability to Turku

and the region

Turku structural model 2035:



September 2013


The implementation of city objectives and thecallenges to manage them is by large similar.Utilization of a toolbox as a guideline for city

district development will help the planning andimplementation of these areas.

Source: Turku Structural Model 2035

111 new development areas orareas with significant changes The population is estimated to

grow by 75 000 inhabitants 78 000 new dwellings are needed 20 000 new jobs needs to be

created

Turku structural model indicates that thedevelopment in the city region is estimated torequire many changes in the land use. Themodel has identified over 100 areas with

significant need for development in land use andin new infrastructure development

Overview applicability & roll-out potential of chosen

solutions

E

Electricity

storageSolar panels

Com. network

infrastructure

Distribution

automationDEMS



September 2013


Energy

Buildings

Mobility

Social

issues

storage

Smart

buildings

Bike-sharing

Green Buil-

ding Monitor

Predictive

automation

Car-sharing

Common

saunas

infrastructure

Standardized

sec. systems

Park & charge

Market places

automation

Standardized

automation

E-Buses

Mobility

Guide

Travel chains

Multi-func.

school centre

Applicability Roll-outpotential





ApplicabilityRoll-outpotential










ApplicabilityRoll-outpotential Applicability

Roll-outpotential



Smart services

IMP Water



Roll-outpotential

Applicability

highmediumlow



Content 3



September 2013


Page 211

Content Page


Content 2Skanssi and Castle Town –Cornerstones of a sustainable development concept

57 - 210


The toolbox guides integrated city administration teams through

certain development phases of sustainable distr ict planning

Illustration Explanation

Sustainable City District Planning Toolbox Introduction



September 2013


Page 212

Illustration Explanation

Goal

Scope

Required

input

Guidance of integrated teams through the process ofsustainable district development

# … m² temporal

data …

Including the phases from an initial project setup to themonitoring of the district‘s KPIs and its improvementsExcluding the phases prior to the project setup, e.g. initial

political decision making, and excluding the constructionphase

Exact location and the targeted sizeKey milestones of time plan for the new district (start of

construction, end of construction, etc)Core team exists and is committedFinancing issues of the development process already

taken care of

Target groupCity executives Integrated teams of city administration members and

involved stakeholders

Toolbox

Overview about the supported phases and steps

Strategic district & solution planning phase Construction phase Post-construction phase

Benchmarking



September 2013


Require-ments

Vision SolutionsChallenges

Implemen-tationroad-map

Reali-zation

Monitoringconcept

OperationalMonitoring

Improve-ment pl-anning& exec.

Setup

Out of scope Within scope

M a

j o r

A c

t i v i t i e s

Parallel process

I l l u s

t r .

D e

l i v e r a

b l e s

Design andimplementa-

tion ofmonitoringconceptbased onderiveddistrict KPIs

City

monitoringcenter inoperation

Kick-offWorkshop

with CoreTeam

Launch ofbench-markingstudy

Project plan

Agreementon corevalues ofcollabora-tion

Visionworkshop

Selectionand firstdescriptionsof bestpractices

District

profileattributes(heatmap)

Futureinhabitantgroups list

KPIs

Challengesworkshop

Site visits

Assessmentof the keychallenges

Challenges

classificationlist

Firsthypothesishow toovercome thechallenges

Requirementsinterviews with

stakeholders(academia,citizens, etc.)

Match andadjustments ofdistrict profilewithrequirements

Require-

ments list(per infra-structurearea, basic +advanced)

Gather

Select

Describe

Checkconnectionwithoperationalmonitoringcenters

Selected

solutions listDetaileddescriptionandevaluation ofsolutions

Gatherpossible

pathwaysEvaluate

Select

Describepathway

Complete

technologyimplementa-tion roadmap

Adapting tonew trends

Mega trendconsideration

… …

…

1) Detailed city planning

2) Detailed solution design

DCP 1)

DSD 2)

…

Lessons learnt − issues to be taken into account in

the planning process

Throughout the project After the construct ion of

the district7 Aspects of achieving a

sustainable distric t



• Overall vis ion and the means forachieving it

• Involving the residents from thebeginning

• Full commitment & cooperation ofthe project partners

• Emphasizing the special elements ofthe area since the beginning

e.g. storm water management, smart grid

• Implementing the sustainable

technologies & practices in the areafrom the start

e.g. public transport

• Comprehensive research work andfit bilit l l ti

• Sustainable lifestyle of residents:encouraging and informing the residentsabout sustainable habits

• Continuous monitoring also after theconstruction

• Clear and adequate follow up goals

• Comprehensive documentation of theresults

• open availability of the results forbenchmarking

the district

• Defining a vision and its measures• As early as possible• Clear, realistic and approved by

all the project partners• Implementing the sustainable

technologies & practices in the areafrom the start

• Public transport, services• Emphasizing the special elements of

the area since the beginning• e.g. storm water management,

smart grid• Cooperation among all the project

partners• Involving the residents from the

beginning• Participation of residents for creating

identity/ sense of community• Long-term commitment to the project

sustainable distric t

Turku Sustainable City Districts Full Analysis (September 30th 2013)

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