Turf Sprinkler Irrigation. Trenching for turf system mainlines and laterals.
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Transcript of Turf Sprinkler Irrigation. Trenching for turf system mainlines and laterals.
Turf Sprinkler IrrigationTurf Sprinkler Irrigation
Trenching for turf system mainlines and lateralsTrenching for turf system mainlines and laterals
A 3-inch mainline supplying a 2 ½-inch lateralA 3-inch mainline supplying a 2 ½-inch lateral
Swing arm plumbing for large turf sprinkler headSwing arm plumbing for large turf sprinkler head
A plumbed sprinkler head ready for wiring and backfillingA plumbed sprinkler head ready for wiring and backfilling
HunterHunter®® valve-in-head turbine driven rotor sprinkler valve-in-head turbine driven rotor sprinkler
P= 70 psiP= 70 psi qqss=50.5 gpm=50.5 gpm DDww=170 ft=170 ft
P= 80 psiP= 80 psi qqss=53.5 gpm=53.5 gpm DDww=176 ft=176 ft
P= 90 psiP= 90 psi qqss=57.4 gpm=57.4 gpm DDww=180 ft=180 ft
P=100 psiP=100 psi qqss=59.5 gpm=59.5 gpm DDww=184 ft=184 ft
#53 (53/128”) range nozzle #53 (53/128”) range nozzle ++ #24 (3/16”) spreader nozzle #24 (3/16”) spreader nozzle
Valve-in-head sprinklerValve-in-head sprinkler
Wire to connect controller to valvesWire to connect controller to valves
Individual “Hot” wires (Red; typically 14 AWG) to each valveIndividual “Hot” wires (Red; typically 14 AWG) to each valve
A single “Common” wire (White; typically 12 AWG) for all valvesA single “Common” wire (White; typically 12 AWG) for all valves
Gel-filled waterproof connector cover for buried wire splicesGel-filled waterproof connector cover for buried wire splices
Bundling extra wire to ease future repair operationsBundling extra wire to ease future repair operations
Newly back-filled turf headNewly back-filled turf head
Low pressure drain for lateral linesLow pressure drain for lateral lines
Adapter for “Funny Pipe” riser and low pressure drainAdapter for “Funny Pipe” riser and low pressure drain
Small turf head with “Funny Pipe” connector attachedSmall turf head with “Funny Pipe” connector attached
Home Landscape Home Landscape IrrigationIrrigation
4.6
4.6
Separate meter for home landscape irrigation system Separate meter for home landscape irrigation system
Irrigation rate for city water (no sewer charge)Irrigation rate for city water (no sewer charge)
Meter Size, inchesMeter Size, inches 5/85/8 ¾¾ 11
Maximum Capacity, gpmMaximum Capacity, gpm 2020 3030 5050
Recommended Capacity, gpmRecommended Capacity, gpm 1515 22.522.5 37.537.5
¾-inch Electric Diaphragm Valve¾-inch Electric Diaphragm Valve
Golf Course Irrigation ZonesGolf Course Irrigation Zones
Different zones because of differences in-Different zones because of differences in-
• Turf varieties:Turf varieties: bent, bermuda, etc. bent, bermuda, etc.
• Soils:Soils: sand-based greens, native soil fairways sand-based greens, native soil fairways
• Traffic load:Traffic load: tee boxes, greens, walk-up areas tee boxes, greens, walk-up areas
• Canopy maintenance:Canopy maintenance: fairways, rough fairways, rough
- Putting Green Zone- Putting Green Zone
- Walk-up Area Zone- Walk-up Area Zone
- Fairway Zone- Fairway Zone
-Tee Box Zone-Tee Box Zone
Golf Course Irrigation ZonesGolf Course Irrigation Zones
Lateral Line Layout for Parallel FairwaysLateral Line Layout for Parallel Fairways(2 conventional sprinklers per valve)(2 conventional sprinklers per valve)
Mainline Mainline SupplySupply
Water Water FlowFlow
ValveValve
Looped Supply Lines on Parallel FairwaysLooped Supply Lines on Parallel Fairways(Valve-in-Head Fairway and Tee Box Sprinklers)(Valve-in-Head Fairway and Tee Box Sprinklers)
(Conventional Green Sprinklers)(Conventional Green Sprinklers)
Fairway Runoff Research PlotsFairway Runoff Research Plotsat OSU Turf Research Farmat OSU Turf Research Farm
Effect of Slope and Sprinkler Leveling on CoverageEffect of Slope and Sprinkler Leveling on Coverage
Sprinkler axis perpendicular to ground slopeSprinkler axis perpendicular to ground slope
Sprinkler axis verticalSprinkler axis vertical
Irrigation Control SoftwareIrrigation Control Software
Adjustment of Watering TimeAdjustment of Watering Time
Watering time can be increased or decreased according to Watering time can be increased or decreased according to prevailing water use conditions (ET). ET can be taken from a prevailing water use conditions (ET). ET can be taken from a weather station on site provided by the supplier, or taken from weather station on site provided by the supplier, or taken from some generic source (eg., Mesonet). Adjustments can be system-some generic source (eg., Mesonet). Adjustments can be system-wide, or for any subset of zones within the system.wide, or for any subset of zones within the system.
The terminology and capabilities of each controller/software The terminology and capabilities of each controller/software package will vary. On-the-job training (RYFM) and/or a package will vary. On-the-job training (RYFM) and/or a training seminar from the manufacturer will be necessary.training seminar from the manufacturer will be necessary.
Irrigation TimingIrrigation Timing
The ON/OFF timing of the irrigation system must be coordinated The ON/OFF timing of the irrigation system must be coordinated to avoid interference with play, mowing, and other maintenance to avoid interference with play, mowing, and other maintenance while not exceeding the capacity of the water supply.while not exceeding the capacity of the water supply.
Time and Flow Rate Constraints (Q t = kTime and Flow Rate Constraints (Q t = kvv A d) A d)
Most controller software will allow you to program in Most controller software will allow you to program in constraints of available water flow rate. Once you program the constraints of available water flow rate. Once you program the on time for each zone, the controller will sequence the zones to on time for each zone, the controller will sequence the zones to maintain total flow within the constraint. A graphical output maintain total flow within the constraint. A graphical output will show the time required to determine if irrigation will be will show the time required to determine if irrigation will be completed within the available time.completed within the available time.
Record KeepingRecord Keeping
Most controller software can also be programmed to maintain a Most controller software can also be programmed to maintain a history of on times, depths applied, gallons pumped, etc. These history of on times, depths applied, gallons pumped, etc. These data can be extremely helpful in budgeting, troubleshooting and data can be extremely helpful in budgeting, troubleshooting and other management decisions.other management decisions.
Antenna Transmitting Signals from Main Controller to SatellitesAntenna Transmitting Signals from Main Controller to Satellites
Typical Satellite Irrigation ControllerTypical Satellite Irrigation Controller
Electronics Linking Satellite Controller to Main ControllerElectronics Linking Satellite Controller to Main Controller
Connections from Zone Valves to Satellite ControllerConnections from Zone Valves to Satellite Controller
Common wires Common wires from 3 holesfrom 3 holes
24-volt AC hot wires 24-volt AC hot wires from each zone valve from each zone valve on 3 holeson 3 holes
Completed valve-in-head sprinkler installation ready for back-fillingCompleted valve-in-head sprinkler installation ready for back-filling
Valve-in-Head Sprinkler ComponentsValve-in-Head Sprinkler Components
Housing/CaseHousing/Case Main NozzleMain Nozzle RotorRotor
CoverCover
Spreader NozzlesSpreader Nozzles
Water supply tube Water supply tube for valve operationfor valve operation
SolenoidSolenoid
Large Turbine-Driven Rotor Sprinkler for Fairway IrrigationLarge Turbine-Driven Rotor Sprinkler for Fairway Irrigation
Diaphragm Valve (24-v. AC) to Control a Multiple-Head ZoneDiaphragm Valve (24-v. AC) to Control a Multiple-Head Zone
Electrically Operated Diaphragm Valve CutawayElectrically Operated Diaphragm Valve Cutaway
SolenoidSolenoid
Solenoid plungerSolenoid plunger
Port carrying Port carrying pressurized water to pressurized water to inflate diaphragminflate diaphragm
Port allowing water Port allowing water trapped behind trapped behind diaphragm to be venteddiaphragm to be vented
Optional flow Optional flow control screw control screw adjustmentadjustment
DiaphragmDiaphragm
Valve seatValve seat
SpringSpring
1-inch Electric Diaphragm Valve w/ Flow Control1-inch Electric Diaphragm Valve w/ Flow Control
24 VAC solenoid24 VAC solenoid
Manual flow control adjustmentManual flow control adjustment
Internal/external Internal/external bleed portbleed port
PressurizationPressurization PortPort
SpringSpring
Valve BodyValve Body
24-VAC Solenoid24-VAC Solenoid
Drain PortDrain Port
Valve SeatValve Seat
Valve CapValve Cap Diaphragm DiaphragmAuto Manual Auto Manual Drain Bleed Drain Bleed Port ValvePort Valve
Solenoid Plunger & Solenoid Plunger & Drain Port SealDrain Port Seal
Water FlowWater Flow
TopsideTopside
CapCap Underside Underside DiaphragmDiaphragm
Pressurization Pressurization PortPortAuto Bleed Auto Bleed
PortPort
Manual External Manual External Bleed ValveBleed Valve
Diaphragm Valve Seal
Inexpensive 4-zone controller with transformerInexpensive 4-zone controller with transformer
Valve-in-head Valve-in-head SprinklersSprinklers
ControllerController
Conventional SprinklersConventional Sprinklers
Electric ValveElectric Valve
Control WiringControl Wiring
Turf Sprinkler ControlTurf Sprinkler Control
MainlineMainline
Lateral Lines
Pumping Plant InstallationsPumping Plant Installations
WaterWater
PowerPower Security Security
AccessAccess
PondPond
Intake GalleryIntake Gallery
Pump WellPump Well
Vertical Turbine Surface Water Pumping StationVertical Turbine Surface Water Pumping Station
Allowable Allowable water level water level fluctuationfluctuation
Typical Golf Course Pump HouseTypical Golf Course Pump House
60-HP Holloshaft Motors on Vertical Turbine Pumps60-HP Holloshaft Motors on Vertical Turbine Pumps
Electric Pump Control PanelElectric Pump Control Panel
A complex control panel to A complex control panel to operate and protect an electric operate and protect an electric irrigation pump may include:irrigation pump may include:
- over-current protectionover-current protection
- phase protectionphase protection
-lightning arrestorslightning arrestors
-computerized control for:computerized control for:
-soft startsoft start
-reduced speed operationreduced speed operation
Computerized Motor ControlComputerized Motor Control
Computerized motor control Computerized motor control allows soft starts, which reduce the allows soft starts, which reduce the current flow when the motor rotor current flow when the motor rotor is not yet up to full speed.is not yet up to full speed.
Computerized control can also Computerized control can also artificially alter the frequency of artificially alter the frequency of the electric supply, allowing the the electric supply, allowing the motor to operate at speeds other motor to operate at speeds other than nominal synchronous speeds than nominal synchronous speeds (3600, 1800, or 1200 RPM).(3600, 1800, or 1200 RPM).
Computerized control panels can log performance dataComputerized control panels can log performance data
Pulse-count Water Meters Provide Feedback to Irrigation ControllersPulse-count Water Meters Provide Feedback to Irrigation Controllers
Magnetic pick-up counts Magnetic pick-up counts meter revolutionsmeter revolutions
Paddle-wheel water meterPaddle-wheel water meter
Signal wire connected Signal wire connected to irrigation controllerto irrigation controller
Pressure Regulating Valve Controls Output Pressure from Pump StationPressure Regulating Valve Controls Output Pressure from Pump Station
Some diaphragm valves are equipped with a Schrader valve that Some diaphragm valves are equipped with a Schrader valve that will allow measurement of pressure in the valve during operationwill allow measurement of pressure in the valve during operation
Pressure GaugePressure Gauge
Schrader ValveSchrader Valve
Schrader Valve FittingSchrader Valve Fitting
Pitot Gauge for Measuring Sprinkler Outlet PressurePitot Gauge for Measuring Sprinkler Outlet Pressure
USGA Putting Green ProfileUSGA Putting Green Profile
Root Zone MixRoot Zone Mix
Coarse grained materialCoarse grained material
(loamy fine sand – fine sand)(loamy fine sand – fine sand)
(Hyd. Conductivity > 6 in./hr)(Hyd. Conductivity > 6 in./hr)
Intermediate LayerIntermediate Layer(coarse sand – fine gravel)(coarse sand – fine gravel)
Crushed StoneCrushed Stone
Native SoilNative Soil
12 in.12 in.
4 in.4 in.
4 in.4 in.
8 in.8 in.
Drainage LinesDrainage Lines
Titleist
Green IrrigationGreen Irrigation(USGA Specification Greens)(USGA Specification Greens)
• Flushing once per weekFlushing once per week– Heavy irrigation that wets entire profile depth Heavy irrigation that wets entire profile depth
and produces leachate to the drainage systemand produces leachate to the drainage system
• Hand watering dailyHand watering daily– Concentrate on areas that dry out quicklyConcentrate on areas that dry out quickly
• Shoulders of elevated greensShoulders of elevated greens
• High spots in undulating greensHigh spots in undulating greens
• Late summer (August)Late summer (August)– Increase flushing schedule to every 6 days or Increase flushing schedule to every 6 days or
even every 5 dayseven every 5 days
Hand watering will supplement irrigation system watering on Hand watering will supplement irrigation system watering on areas which dry out more rapidly due to elevation contoursareas which dry out more rapidly due to elevation contours
Elevated portions of greens Elevated portions of greens will dry out quickerwill dry out quicker
Fringe areas of elevated greens will dry out more quicklyFringe areas of elevated greens will dry out more quickly
Backflow PreventionBackflow Prevention
Protects water source from contamination Protects water source from contamination by non-potable water in case of unexpected by non-potable water in case of unexpected pressure loss in the system. Required by pressure loss in the system. Required by plumbing code in the case of permanent plumbing code in the case of permanent sprinkler systems. Required by federal law sprinkler systems. Required by federal law on irrigation systems which apply fertilizer on irrigation systems which apply fertilizer and pesticides (chemigation systems).and pesticides (chemigation systems).
Backflow PreventersBackflow Preventers
• Gooseneck pipe loop with Pressure Vacuum Gooseneck pipe loop with Pressure Vacuum Breaker (PVB)Breaker (PVB)
• Reduced Pressure Zone device (RPZ)Reduced Pressure Zone device (RPZ)
• Double check valve (Not approved for Double check valve (Not approved for public water systems)public water systems)
Gooseneck pipe loop w/ PVB backflow preventerGooseneck pipe loop w/ PVB backflow preventer
2 ft min. above 2 ft min. above highest outlethighest outlet
Reduced Pressure Zone (RPZ) Backflow Preventer
Electric Piston Valve with Anti-siphon ValveElectric Piston Valve with Anti-siphon Valve
24-VAC solenoid24-VAC solenoid
Flow PathFlow Path
Manual Manual flow control flow control adjustmentadjustment
Anti-siphon Anti-siphon AVB valveAVB valve