[Từ Điển Anh-Việt] Chuyên Ngành GIS

7/21/2019 [T in Anh-Vit] Chuyn Ngnh GIS

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T in Anh Vit cho lnh vc GIS

A

AAT (Arc attribute table - bng thuc tnh ng)

L bng cha cc thuc tnh ca cc i tng ng !g"i cc thuc tnh c #nh ngh$a b%i ngi &' ng* AAT c+n cha cc n,t n . n,t i* cc ./ng 01 2hi . 01 tri* i*3t & th t4 tr"ng . 3t b #nh anh i tng 5e3 th63 7eature attribute table (bngthuc tnh i tng)A889:: irect"r; (Th 3 c A889::)

L th 3 c h< thng c L=>?A?=A! /ng @ lu cc 7ile un lB tru; cC2 ." th .i


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ADL (A?8 Dacr" Language - !gNn ngM lC2 tr nh 2ht tri@n ca A?8W=!YX)

L ngNn ngM cj2 ca" @ .i t cc ng ng ch" ngi &' ng !gNn ngM n; ba" gk3 0hnIng tS" 3enu tr6n 3n h nh* &' ng . gn cc bi n* i1u 0hi@n u tr nh th4c hi


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li6n 0 t giMa cc cung . n,t 8ju tr,c li6n 0 t cung-n,t hE tr ch" .i


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Agenc;) AH?Z (A?8 Higitide ?a&ter Zra2hic) Yile AH?Z cF th@ c nhC2 ."A?8W=!YX .Ki l) cF th@ chu;@n qi bxng l


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ban i th ( rng bIng t n)

L & " 0ch thKc M li


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u; (tin) tr"ng giKi hSn 2hyng . li6n t c >rea0line& luNn c u; tr nh 3t i tngSng ng tr"ng 3t tin i tng c & h" ba chi1u .Ki cc gi tr# R* ;* d* chyng hS

nh &Nng &ui ha; ng b bi@n cF thuc tnh ca"* 1u c lu nh i tng brea0line bu77er (./ng


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2h ng thyng ng the" tr c ; DEi i@3 tr6n 3Gt 2hyng c Rc #nh b%i t"S R*; : t ng i .1 0h"ng cch* i


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8hec0in l h"St ng a M li


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c"ncurrenc; 3anage3ent ( un tr# tr/ng h2)

L tnh nIng un tr# c &% M lii@u i n i@n hca M li


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L b & Rc #nh .# tr tr"ng 3t h< thng tha3 0h" nhjt #nh* chyng hSn cG2 & R*; tr"nh< t"S 2hyng h"Gc b & R*;*d tr"ng h< t"S 0hNng gian ba chi1u T"S cF th@ bi@cc .# tr tr6n b1 3Gt u jt t ng i &" .Ki cc .# tr 0hc 5e3 th63 .ect"r . 8arte&ianc""r inate &;&te3 (h< t"S 1 ct)

c""r inate ge"3etr; (h nh hQc t"S )

5e3 8XZX

c""r inate &;&te3 (h< t"S )

L h< thng tha3 0h" c /ng @ Rc #nh cc 0h"ng cch the" 2h ng ngang . 2h ng ng tr6n 3t bn k h nh hQc 2hyng < t"S thng c Rc #nh b%i 3t 2hchi u bn k* 3t 3c tnh t"n* 3t h"Gc nhi1u ng &"ng &"ng chupn* 3t 0inh tu; ntrung tO3* . &4 luOn 2hi6n cF th@ tr"ng hKng R* ; @ #nh .# .# tr R*; ca i i@3* ./ng Tr"ng A?8W=!YX* h< thng .Ki cc n .# . cc 0B t4 c Rc #nh b%i 2hs2 chi u bn k Dt h< t"S chung c /ng @ ghi nhCn .1 0hNng gian ca cc M li!H


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c".erage unit& (cc n .# lK2 i tng)

L cc n .# (nh 7eet* 3et* inche) ca h< t"S tr"ng F lK2 i tng c lu giM

cr"&&-tile in eRingL 2h ng 2h2 c /ng @ chV & h" cc i tng .[t ngang ua bi6n giKi tile 8c tng ngang ua ng bi6n giKi c lu nh 3t h"Gc nhi1u i tng tr"ng 3Ei tile tha;ch" 3t i tng n nhjt

8::D (8"ntent :tan ar & 7"r :2atial Deta ata - 8hupn Deta ata 0hNng gian)

L ti li


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i n nhMng ng c t tr"ng bn k ng gia" thNng 5e3 th63 angling n" e (n,t thJa)

angling n" e (n,t thJa)

L i@3 0 t th,c ca 3t cung ch6nh* 0hNng li6n 0 t .Ki cung 0hc

ata acce&& &ecurit; (an t"n tru; cC2 M liA:9)

Zing .Ki "r0&2ace Th .i?A?=A! /ng @ un lB thNng tin .1 3t th .i


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L 0 t u ca u tr nh thi t 0 3c uan ni[c D^

H>=

5e3 HATA>A:9 =!T9Z?ATX?

H>D:


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5e3 ataba&e 3anage3ent &;&te3 (h< un tr# c &% M liD: table

5e3 attribute table (bng thuc tnh)

H8 (UHigital 8hart "7 the "rl U- >n k & Th giKi)

L bn k Th giKi Sng & h" t l< u ti6n H8 cha cc M lin & h" L thi t b# ba" gk3 3t bn . 3t c"n trm .Ki cr"&&hair& an 0e;&* /ng @h" cc i tng #a lB

f !gi & h" L ngi &' ng thi t b# & h"

igitiding (& h")

5e3 igitide

H=D9

5e3 Z>YWH=D9

irecte net "r0 (3Sng cF hKng)

L 3Sng tr"ng F 3Ei cung cF 3t hKng tru;1n Kng tru;1n cF th@ c Rc #nh nhhKng ca cung (cF ngh$a l 3Ei cung 0hi c & h" th F l hKng RuNi chi1u)* ha; nh3t gi tr# tr"ng 3t 3 c tin ca AAT* h"Gc nh 3t 7ile Rc #nh

irect"r; (th 3 c)

L 3t 0hi ni


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HLZ (Higital Line Zra2h 7ile - Yile k h"S ng Sng &)

L cc 7ile k h"S ng Sng & ca :% " Sc #a chjt D^ (Higital Line Zra2h 7ile&7r"3 the : Ze"l"gical :ur.e; W :Z:)* ba" gk3 cc M li


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9

e ge 3atching (h2 bi6n)

L th t c hi


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3illi"n bit tr6n giO;) tr"ng 3t ./ng #a lB giKi hSn (chyng hSn* 3t c uan* 3t trngSi hQc)

9 uat"r (Rch S")

L .$ tu; n b[c h"Gc na3e.ent (&4 0i


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i tru;1n thNng l Db2& . c hE tr tr6n cc 2h ng ti


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7ile

l tC2 h2 cc thNng tin cF uan h< .Ki nhau 3 3; tnh cF th@ tru; cC2 b%i 3t t6n u; nhjt(cha'ng hSn* 7ile .In bn* 7ile M liD: n; &angH>D: 0hc

Y= : (Ye eral =n7"r3ati"n r"ce&&ing :tan ar & - 8hupn R' lB thNng tin Li6n bang (D^))

Y= : cF uan h< n rjt nhi1u cc thnh 2h n ca h< thng 3; tnh* ba" gk3 cc thnh 2h nca 2h n lKn cc h< Z=: 2h n cng* 2h ng ti


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7uncti"nal &ur7ace (b1 3Gt h3)

L bi@u i n b1 3Gt* lu cc gi tr# d n (ngc .Ki cc gi tr# d a) ch" bjt 0 .# tr R*; nF T=! (lKi ta3 gic bjt chnh u;) bi@u i n M li1 3Gtn; cF th@ c"i l 3t b1 3Gt f* chi1u

7udd; t"lerance ( chnh Rc 3)

chnh Rc 3 l 3t 0h"ng cch rjt nhm* c /ng @ gii 2hs2 gia" cc .# tr 0hNngchnh Rc " hSn ch b%i chnh Rc & hQc ca 3; tnh chnh Rc 3 Rc #nh lK2tng 0 t u tr"ng 2hs2 t"n 8L9A! h"Gc 2hs2 t"n chkng R 2 t"2" nh cc 2hs2 Si & bn k !=X! (h2)* =!T9?:98T (gia")* 8L= (c[t)

Z

gadetteer (tJ i@n #a lB)

L 3t cNng c cung cj2 thNng tin .1 t6n . .# tr ca cc #a i@3 ! u bi t t6n ca #ai@3* tJ i@n #a lB cF th@ cung cj2 t"S ca #a i@3 F h n lKn cc atla&e 1u cF #a lB !hMng tJ i@n #a lB & h" nqi ti ng l :Z: Ze"gra2hic !a3e& =n7"r3ati"n :;&te3(Z!=:) . Higital 8hart "7 the "rl (H8) Tr"ng A?8=!YX* chV & 0hNng gian tr"ng tJi@n #a lB l 3t N gk3 chM . & bi@u i n 3t i tng ./ng 8c #a i@3 (i@3 ../ng) c 2h b%i N lKi n;* &au F c &[2 R 2 the" al2habe u tr nh n; tS" ra 3t

anh &ch t6n cc #a i@3 &[2 R 2 the" c al2habe . the" & N lKi

Z>YWH=D9

!hx3 2h c . i1u tra On & * 8 c i1u tra On & D^ P RO; 4ng Ze"gra2hic >a&Yile& (Z>Y) . cc 7ile Hual =n e2en ent Da2 9nc" ing (H=D9)* ba" gk3 cc 3P thng 06#a lB .1 i1u tra On & . t"S ng 2hOn chia ca 2h n lKn cc ./ng trung tO3 8c 7iH=D9 cung cj2 bn k Ki Sng gin k cc ng 2h ca thnh 2h* 2hS3 .i #a chV* 3thng 06 #a lB cF uan h< .Ki M li


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L tC2 h2 cF tq chc ca M lii@u i n h nh hQc l h nh thc th@ hi


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tjt c cc c uan li6n bang 2hi c chupn h" the" 3N h nh X:= . cNng c l ZX:=h n lKn cc hPng (:un* =>D* * H98* etc ) cvng P h"Gc & tuOn the"

gl"bal 2"&iti"ning &;&te3 (Z :) (h< thng #nh .# t"n c u)

L h< thng .< tinh . cc thi t b# ti 2 nhCn nhx3 Rc #nh cc .# tr tr6n u jt Z : .KinhMng & li


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Z?=H

< thng R' lB #a lB Sng N lKi tch h2 ; /ng ch" A?8W=!YX Z?=H cung cj2 3tngNn ngM 0hNng gian Si & bn k ch" 2hs2 2hOn tch . 3N h nh h" i tng 0hNng gia

2hc tS2gri (lKi N .uNng)

DN h nh M li


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ub l 3t n,t tr"ng 3Sng @ chu;@n tin tJ n i g'i n n i nhCn ub thng c /ng %nhMng .# tr uan trQng tr"ng 3Sng @ gi3 chi 2h ng tru;1n

=

=A8 (=ntera22licati"n c"33unicati"n)O; l 0h nIng li6n 0 t giMa cc ch ng tr nh _Ki =A8* hai (ha; nhi1u) ch ng tr nh cF t

c th4c hi


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Sng & ngu;6n bi@u i n cng nh &ng* nhi


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L 3t h< un tr# 8:HL uan h< c A?8W=!YX &' ng @ tru; cC2 ." HATA>A:9=!T9Z?ATX?

integer (& ngu;6n)

L & 0hNng cF 2h n thC2 2hOn (* * f* z* f* ) Zi tr# & ngu;6n cF th@ bh"Gc lKn h n

interacti"n (t ng tc)

L & lng l n tru;1n c 2ht ra giMa i@3 gc . i@3 ch tr"ng 3t h"St ng nhjt#nh T ng tc 2h thuc ." Gc tnh n i 2ht tin* n i nhCn tin . ha" 2h ng tru;1ngiMa ch,ng

interacti"n 3atriR (3a trCn t ng tc)

L 3t 7ile =!YX 2ht &inh cha & t ng tc tS" thnh giMa i@3 gc . i@3 ch Da trCt ng tc cF th@ c 2hOn tch @ tS" n6n cc bn k tra e-area

inter-a22licati"n c"33unicati"n (=A8) (thNng tin li6n 0 t ng ng)

L tnh nIng 0^ thuCt ch" 2hs2 cc ng ng 2h n 313 % cc 3; trS3 cF th@ li6n lSc .Kinhau =A8 tS" 0h nIng 2ht tri@n cc ng ng 0 t h2 cc 0h nIng ca 3t & cc chtr nh bxng cch cung cj2 ch" cc ng ng ng"i 0h nIng ;6u c u &4 2h c . caA?8W=!YX . cung cj2 ch" ng ng ADL cch 0hai thc cc 0h nIng ca cc ng ng0hc

inter7ace (thi t b# ghs2 ni)

L 2h n cng . 2h n 313 li6n 0 t tr"ng tru;1n M li


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hs2 Kc lng gi tr# d ca 3t i@3 0hNng c lj; 3|u tSi 3t b1 3Gt 4a c &% tr6n ccgi tr# d P bi t ca cc i@3 Rung uanh

inter&ect (2hs2 gia")

L &4 tch h2 the" thuCt t"n T"2" ca hai tC2 h2 M li


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ite3 in eRing (chV & h" 3 c tin)

L bian =nterlea.e b; Line) h"Gc(>an =nterlea.e b; iRel) >=L an >= c hE tr b%i A?8W=!YX . Arc_ie

latitu e-l"ngitu e (.$ - 0inh )

L h< thng bi@u i n h nh c u 6 Rc #nh .# tr tr6n b1 3Gt u jt _$ . 0inh l &" gFc Ri6n tnh tJ trung tO3 u jt tKi cc .# tr tr6n b1 3Gt tri jt _$ c Rc #nhRi6n gFc the" hKng b[c - na3 winh c tnh Ri6n gFc the" hKng Nng - tO;

lattice (lKi)

L bi@u i n b1 3Gt &' ng 3t 3ng chM nhCt ca cc i@3 lKi Gt cch nhau 3t 0h"thu 3|u 0hNng qi the" cc chi1u R* ; t ng i &" .Ki 3t i@3 gc chung Dt lKi c

lu nh 3t gri (lKi N .uNng)* nhng chV bi@u i n cc gi tr# b1 3Gt tSi cc i@3 lKi*0hNng 2hi gi tr# ca t"n b N lKi


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la;er (lK2)

L tC2 h2 the" ch 1 ca M li


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L 3t ng tr6n bn k (. neatline)

line-in-2"l;g"n (ng tr"ng ./ng)

L u tr nh 3t lK2 i tng ng c chkng lK2 .Ki 3t lK2 i tng ./ng 0hc* &a"ch" i tng ng h"Gc 3t 2h n ca ng nx3 tr"ng i tng ./ng 8c thuc tnh ca./ng c 0 t h2 .Ki cc ng t ng ng tr"ng lK2 ng (0 t u)

line &;3b"l (bi@u tng ng)

L bi@u tng /ng tr"ng . i tng ng

linear e.ent (&4 0i


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l"gical "2erat"r (t"n t' l"gic)

Dt t6n gQi 0hc l >""lean "2erat"r L 3t 0B t4 ha; 3t tJ 3N t cc tc ng l"gic c nth4c hi""lean eR2re&&i"n (bi@uthc l"gic)

l"gical &electi"n (2hs2 chQn l"gic)

L u tr nh lQc ra 3t tC2 h2 c"n cc Gc i@3 tJ 3t lK2 i tng bxng cch &' ng bi@u thc l"gic tc ng tr6n cc thuc tnh ca lK2 i tng F (chyng hSn A?9A ZT

) 8hV cF nhMng Gc tnh th" 3Pn i1u 0i


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uan h< 0hNng gian giMa cc Gc i@3 DEi bn k thng nhjn 3Snh* 0hi ut h" 3t &Gc tnh n" F . bm ua 3t & Gc tnh 0hc tu the" 3 c ch thi t 0 (chyng hSn* nRe l'a c a ." bn k gia" thNng* nhng lSi c bm ua tr"ng bn k ng uc l)

3a2 eRtent (0ch thKc bn k)

L giKi hSn tr"ng 3t 0hung chM nhCt (R3in*;3in . R3aR*;3aR) ca i


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:4 thu nhm c n thi t @ cF th@ hi@n th# c b1 3Gt u jt tr6n 3t bn k T l< bn k bi t &4 t ng ng giMa 3t n .# " 0h"ng cch tr6n bn k .Ki ba" nhi6u n .# " n;ng"i th4c t * c bi@u i n Ki Sng 3t 2hOn &* chyng hSn f (3t n .cch tr6n bn k t ng ng f n .# F ng"i th4c t ) T l< bn k cvng cF th@

bi@u i n Ki Sng &4 t ng ng ca hai n .# " 0hc nhau* chyng hSn inch 3ileh"Gc inch f* 7eet

3a2 &ecti"n (&ecti"n bn k)

L n .# lu giM M li


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3e&h 2"int (i@3 lKi)

L 3t i@3 3|u tr"ng 3ng cc i@3 3|u ca 3t 3Sng lKi DEi i@3 lKi c #nh .#the" 3i 0h"ng cch Rc #nh tnh tJ i@3 gc the" cc chi1u R*;* . cF 3t gi tr# d Rc

#nh i@3 lKi n u nx3 ng"i b1 3Gt* h"Gc bi@u i n cc hc tr6n b1 3Gt* c th@ hi


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cung cj2 3t gia" iureau "7 :tan ar & - 8 c Ti6u chupn uc gia)

i


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(A!)

!9TX?w

L 2h n 313 ca A?8W=!YX th4c hi


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!DA: (!ati"nal Da2 Accurac; :tan ar & - Ti6u chupn chnh Rc >n k uc gia)

!DA: l nhMng Gc i@3 0^ thuCt .1 cc ti6u chupn chnh Rc ch" cc i@3 bn k c#nh ngh$a !hMng i@3 n; c Rc #nh :% " Sc #a chjt D^ . c >ureau "7 the>u get u;8 (X2en Hataba&e 8"33unicati"n - tru;1n thNng 8:HL 3%)

L chupn A = (a22licati"n 2r"gra3 inter7ace - gia" iD: tr6n n1n Dicr"&"7tin " &

XZ8 (X2en Z=: 8"n&"rtiu3)


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XZ8 l 3t tq chc ca cc Si lB 2h n 313* cc c uan chnh 2h* cc .i


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X?A8L9

L h< un tr# 8:HL uan h< _Ki X?A8L9* A?8W=!YX cF th@ tru; cC2 ." HATA>A:9=!T9Z?ATX?

X:

5e3 "2erating &;&te3

X:Y (X2en :"7t are Y"un ati"n

L 3t c"n&"rtiu3 uc t R,c ti n .i


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#nh ngh$a ./ng giKi hSn trang k h"S c hi@n th#

2an

@ i chu;@n 3n h nh hi@n th# l6n* Rung h"Gc &ang ngang nhx3 hi@n th# nhMng 2h n

#a lB cF % t l< hi[c . tJ n " !a3 &" .Kng Rch S"

AT ( "int attribute table h"Gc 2"l;g"n attribute table - >ng thuc tnh i@3 h"Gc bngthuc tnh ./ng)

Dt lK2 i tng cF th@ cF h"Gc bng thuc tnh i@3 (2"int) h"Gc bng thuc tnh ./ng(2"l;g"n)* nhng 0hNng th@ cF kng thi c hai !g"i cc thuc tnh c #nh ngh$a b%ingi &' ng* AT c+n cha M li


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L thi t b# 2h n cng 0hNng thuc b R' lB trung tO3 ca 3; tnh (nh 3; . * 3; in* bn& h")

2er&i&tent l"c0 (0h" b1n .Mng)

wh" 8:HL .Ki chu 0 i 3 ngi &' ng 3un giM nhjt un tr"ng &ut u tr nh R' lB* bi n i M li


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0hc nh chkng lK2 the" thuCt t"n T"2" 5e3 th63 t"2"l"g;

2"l;g"n ".erla; (chkng lK2 2"l;g"n)

L th t c chkng lK2 the" thuCt t"n t"2"* Rc #nh &4 tr/ng 0hK2 0hNng gian ca hai lK2

tng ./ng* tS" ra 3t lK2 i tng ./ng 3Ki tr6n c &% 2hs2 kng nhjt* gia" h"Gc 0 t h2X:=5 character &et (b 0B t4 X:=5)

> 0B t4 X:=5 cung cj2 ngNn ngM .Ki cc 0B t4 z bit (chyng hSn : 9ngli&h) 5e3 th63eRten e character &et (> 0B t4 3% rng)

X:=5 A

>n &'a chMa ca chupn X:=5 * #nh ngh$a cc gia" ii@u i n b%i & chM & cF ngh$a c /ng @ lu M li


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7uncti"n "7 the 2"2ulati"n at the "rigin Y"r eRa32le* a h"u&eh"l 2r" ucti"n 7"r t " a ult&an "ne chil 3ight be "ne tri2 2er ee0 7"r gr"cerie&* t " tri2& 2er a; 7"r "r0* three tri2& 2er &iR 3"nth& t" &ee a enti&t* an &" "n =nteracti"n& bet een an "rigin an a center aree&ti3ate ba&e& "n h" 3uch "7 an "rigin]& 2r" ucti"n ill be attracte t" a 2articular center

2r"7ile (3Gt nghi6ng)L 3Gt c[t the" chi1u thyng ng* nhCn c tJ cc gi tr# b1 3Gt Qc the" 3t ng c[t

2r"{ecti"n (2hs2 chi u)

5e3 3a2 2r"{ecti"n (2hs2 chi u bn k)

2r"{ecti"n 7ile (7ile h nh chi u)

L 7ile lu trM cc thNng & ca 2hs2 chi u bn k . h< thng t"S ca 3t tC2 h2 li


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L cju tr,c M li


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3t trng thuc tnh chung ca c hai (0h" li6n 0 t) Dt bn ghi tr"ng bng n; c li6n0 t .Ki cc bn ghi tr"ng bng 0hc 0hi trng thuc tnh chung ca ch,ng cF c/ng 3t gitr# :" &nh .Ki relati"nal {"in (li6n 0 t uan h


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L & i@3 the" tr c R . ; tr"ng 3t 3Sng N lKi (chyng hSn* 2hOn gii ca a :Ze"l"gical :ur.e; "ne- egree H9D l f R f i@3 3[t lKi) (:% " Sc #a chjt D^)

re&t"re (2h c hki* ghi lSi)

a 3t 8:HL .1 trSng thi trKc F bxng cch lj; lSi 3Qi tha; qi P th4c hi"th an ?AT an an :98 eRi&t 7"reach r"ute-&;&te3 :ee al&" e.ent


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r" (hng)

L 3t bn ghi tr"ng bng thuc tnh ng l tC2 h2 the" chi1u ngang cc 2h n t' M li (2etab;te) T> f b;te

ter3inal (thi t b# u cui)

L thi t b#* thng l 3n h nh . bn 2h3* c /ng @ li6n lSc .Ki 3; tnh

teRt &;3b"l (bi@u tng chM)L 0i@u chM c Rc #nh b%i 7"nt* 0ch co* 0h"ng cch giMa cc 0B t4* 3u* * /nnhPn bn k . nhP cc i tng tr"ng A?8W=!YX

Thie&&en 2"l;g"n&

L i tng ./ng 3 bi6n ca nF Rc #nh i


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L 3 c ti6u th@ hi


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tin (Triangulate irregular net "r0 - lKi ta3 gic bjt chnh u;)

L &4 bi@u i n 3t b1 3Gt thu c tJ cc i@3 3|u 0hNng gian 0hNng chnh u; . cc itng ng ni > M li


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li6n 0 t _ * @ t 3 3t ng i ti u giMa hai i@3 c n 3t anh &ch cc ng ngiMa ch,ng . chi 2h ch" 3Ei tu; n ng T"S chV c n thi t @ . tu; n ng n; &au

u tr nh tnh t"n ti u

t"ur (chu; n i)

L 3t tu; n ng cF tr% 0hng ti thi@u* b[t u tJ 3t i@3 gc* i ua 3t & i@3 J. ua; tr% lSi i@3 gc* 3Ei i@3 Jng chV i ua 3t l n O; l cch gii ch" bi t"nUngi bn hng r"ngU A?8W=!YX cung cj2 cch gii Uheuri&ticU (cch ti 2 cCn .jn 1 3atnh 0inh nghi


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[Từ Điển Anh-Việt] Chuyên Ngành GIS

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