Transcription Catalyst How are genes and chromosomes related? What are the three parts of a...
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![Page 1: Transcription Catalyst How are genes and chromosomes related? What are the three parts of a nucleotide(DNA)? Write the complementary base sequence.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070412/56649eca5503460f94bd82ac/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Transcription
Catalyst How are genes and chromosomes
related? What are the three parts of a
nucleotide(DNA)? Write the complementary base
sequence to this DNA sequence: TTCGAGCTA
Write in complete sentences!
Don’t talk during the Catalyst!
![Page 2: Transcription Catalyst How are genes and chromosomes related? What are the three parts of a nucleotide(DNA)? Write the complementary base sequence.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070412/56649eca5503460f94bd82ac/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Agenda
CatalystCandy DNAScience as InquiryRNAThe Central DogmaPracticeExit Question
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Catalyst Review
How are genes and chromosomes related? Genes are sections
of chromosomes that determine certain traits.
What are the three parts of a nucleotide? Sugar Phosphate Nitrogenous base
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Catalyst Review
Write the complementary base sequence to this DNA sequence: TTCGAGCTA
AAGCTCGAT
![Page 5: Transcription Catalyst How are genes and chromosomes related? What are the three parts of a nucleotide(DNA)? Write the complementary base sequence.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070412/56649eca5503460f94bd82ac/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Test Prep Review
1) The types of proteins produced in a cell are regulated by the 1 order of nucleotides in DNA molecules 2 shape of DNA molecules 3 size of nucleotides in DNA molecules 4 location of DNA molecules
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Test Prep Review
16 In DNA, which of the following determines the traits of an organism? F Amount of adenine G Number of sugars H Sequence of nitrogen bases J Strength of hydrogen bonds
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Test Prep Review
19 All of the following are found in a DNA molecule except — A carbon dioxide B deoxyribose C nitrogen D phosphate
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Test Prep Review
21 In all plant and animal cells, the nucleus contains long molecules of DNA. Which of the following best describes the function of DNA? F DNA provides the shape and structure of the
nucleus. G DNA packages materials for transport through
the nucleus. H DNA carries materials into and out of the
nucleus. J DNA contains the blueprint for producing the
whole organism.
![Page 9: Transcription Catalyst How are genes and chromosomes related? What are the three parts of a nucleotide(DNA)? Write the complementary base sequence.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070412/56649eca5503460f94bd82ac/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Objectives
By the end of today, SWBAT…
State the central dogma of biology
Compare and contrast the structures and functions of DNA and RNA
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Science as Inquiry (7 minutes) The instructions you need for making a
table are at the store, and you’re at home. What do you do?
The instructions the cell needs for making protein (DNA) is in the nucleus, and proteins are made in the ribosome. What does the cell do?
![Page 11: Transcription Catalyst How are genes and chromosomes related? What are the three parts of a nucleotide(DNA)? Write the complementary base sequence.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070412/56649eca5503460f94bd82ac/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
RNA
Key Point #1 mRNA copies genetic information from DNA, and carries it to the ribosomes.
DNA STORES the information, but cannot leave the nucleus.
So mRNA copies the information and CARRIES it out of the nucleus. (mRNA = messenger RNA)
This is called TRANSCRIPTION.
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Base Pairing
RNAlovesU
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Science as Inquiry (5 minutes) RNA is similar to DNA, but not the same.
Flip over your “Figuring Out Transcription” sheet and look on the back side.
Find as many differences between the pictures as you can.
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Structure of RNA
Key Point #2 There are three important structural
differences between DNA and RNA. RNA is single-
stranded. RNA’s sugar is
ribose, not deoxyribose like DNA.
In RNA, Uracil (U) pairs with (A).
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Base Pairing
RNAlovesU
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Putting It All Together
The central dogma of biology = information in DNA is copied into RNA, which is used to make proteins that determine all traits. The central dogma of biology is one
of the two most important beliefs in biology.
It explains how DNA tells your cells how to do… everything.
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Central Dogma
DNA
RNA
Protein
Transcription
Translation
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Guided Practice 1
One strand of DNA has the nitrogenous bases of
TAGCCAGWhat is the complimentary strand of DNA?
ATCGGTC
What is the complimentary strand of RNA?
AUCGGUC
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Guided Practice 2
One strand of DNA has the nitrogenous bases of
CCCATATTAWhat is the complimentary strand of DNA?
GGGTATAAT
What is the complimentary strand of mRNA?
GGGUAUAAU
![Page 20: Transcription Catalyst How are genes and chromosomes related? What are the three parts of a nucleotide(DNA)? Write the complementary base sequence.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070412/56649eca5503460f94bd82ac/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Guided Practice 3
What is the central Dogma of Biology?
DNA’s information is copied into RNA. RNA’s info can then be used to make proteins.
DNAtranscription
RNAtranslation
PROTEIN
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Guided Practice 4
Fill in this Venn Diagram using as many terms as you know.
DNA RNAStores genetic information
Carries genetic information
Number of strands? Made of nucleotides? Bases used? Has a phos-sug backbone? Places found in cell? Participates in transcription/translation? Kind of sugar?
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Now Time for Independent PracticeExpectations
Work QUIETLY for the remainder of the class period.
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Exit Questions
What is transcription?Describe TWO DIFFERENCES between DNA and RNA.
Describe ONE SIMILARITY between DNA and RNA.
Write in complete sentences!
Don’t talk during the Exit Question!