TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS

TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS

• Founded by Dr. Eric Berne in 1960’s

• A model for explaining why and how:• People think like they do• People act like they do• People interact/communicate with others

TYPES OF TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS

TRANSACTIONS

Complementary

Non-Complementary

Ulterior

COMPLEMENTARY TRANSACTIONS

• Both persons are operating from the same ego state (child: child) or from complementary ego states (parent: child or adult: parent).

• Communication lines from one ego state to another lines are parallel.

• Smooth type of interaction

EXAMPLE

EXAMPLE-2

P : You’re late again!

C : I’m sorry. It won’t happen again.

NON-COMPLEMENTARY

• An inappropriate ego state is activated, producing an unexpected response.

• Interactions, responses, actions NOT regarded as appropriate or expected from another person.

• Communication breakdown i.e., the managers tries to deal with the employee on an adult-to-adult basis but the employee responds in child-to-parent basis and communication is blocked.

EXAMPLE

ULTERIOR TRANSACTIONS

• Double meaning interactions i.e., Where the communication has a clear adult message, whereas it carries a hidden message on a psychological level.

• Here, Only one ego state controls the body; but another ego state is operating in the background

EXAMPLESocial level

Psychological level

You are wearing a nice shirt Thanks. Its LEVIS

e.g. :2A:”I need you to stay late at the Office with me “(adult words) body language indicates sexual intent (flirtatious child)

e.g.:1

LIFE POSITIONS

Life positions are basic beliefs about self and others, which are used to justify decisions and behaviour

“I’m OK, you’re OK” people are in the ‘get on with’ positions. They’re confident and happy About life and work and interact by collaboration and mutual respect, even when they disagree. e.g.: “Hey, we are making good progress now”

“I’m OK, you’re not OK”- people are in the ‘get rid of’ position. who project their problems onto others and blame them, put them down, and criticize them. Problem may be Lack trust, confidence, talent. e.g.: “You’re not doing that right – let me show you”

“I’m not OK, you’re OK” is the ‘get away from’ position. These people feel sad, inadequate by comparison. They under value their skills and contribution and with draw from problem. e.g.: “I wish I could do that as well as you do”

“I'm not OK, you’re not OK” is the ‘get nowhere’ position. These people feel confused or aimless. They Don’t see the point of doing anything and usually don’t bother. e.g.: “Oh this is terrible – we’ll not make it.”

STROKING• A stroke is an act or unit of recognition, when one person recognizes another

person

either verbally or non verbally

• People seeks recognition in the interaction with other.

Types

• Positive – which makes one feel OK.• E.g.: words of recognition, affection pat etc.

• Negative – which makes persons feels not OK • E.g.: criticism ,scolding etc.

E.g.: if you are walking in front of your house and you see your neighbor, you will likely smile and say ‘Hi.’ your neighbor will likely say “hello” back.

GAMING

• Berne felt that people in the life position “I’m not OK, You’re OK” or “I’m not OK, You’re not OK” were people with low self esteem.

• He felt that these people find it hard to interact with people in a straightforward way so they play ‘games’.

• Game is an interaction with a hidden motive where one of the participants is gaining something

• Here we adopt a child state because you want someone’s help or a Parent state to make them do something for you.

WHY DO WE PLAY GAMES

• To get strokes.

• To strengthen psychological position.

• To avoid or control intimacy

THANK YOU