TOWARDS IMPLEMENTING ROAD SAFETY INSPECTION ( ) IN …

ROAD SAFETY INSPECTION

IR. Dr. MUHAMMAD MARIZWAN BIN ABDUL MANAN

Road Safety Engineering and Environment Research Center (REER)

Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS)

[email protected]

1 APRIL 2019


TOWARDS IMPLEMENTING ROAD SAFETY INSPECTION ( ) IN MALAYSIA


WHAT DO THEY HAVE IN COMMON?2

Why are our roads not being inspected regularly?


WHAT IS RSI?

• Road Safety Inspection (RSI) is a systematic andinternationally recognized road safety inspectionprocedure by the PIARC (World Road Congress), under theTechnical Committee of PIARC (TC 3.1)

• A Road Safety Inspection (RSI) is a systematic, on site review, conducted by expert(s), of an existing road or section of road to identify hazardous conditions, faults and deficiencies that may lead to serious road crash

• RSI’s aim

• Remove or minimize the likelihood of a crash and its severity.

• Identify features that may contribute to crashes,

• Propose recommendations to improve the safety conditions based on inspection results.

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Source: • PIARC (2007), ROAD SAFETY INSPECTION GUIDELINE: For safety checks of existing roads• UNECE, 2018. Road safety audit and road safety inspection on the TEM network. UNECE Sustainable Transport

Division, United Nation, Geneva.


ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY MANAGEMENT 4

Road Safety Impact Assessment (RIA)

Road Safety Audit(RSA)

Road Safety Inspection (RSI)

Network Safety Ranking (NSR)

High Crash Concentration

Section (Blackspot)

Source: 1. DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL No. 2008/96 ON ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY MANAGEMENT2. Ripcord-Iserest, 2005. Road safety inspections: Best practice and implementation plan. Road Infrastructure Safety Protection - Core-Research and Development for Road Safety in Europe, Germany.

Strategic comparative analysis of the impact of a new road or a substantial modification to the existing network on the safety performance of the road network

Independent detailed systematic and technical safety check relating to the design characteristics of a road infrastructure project and covering all stages from planning to early operation

A systematic, on site review, conducted by expert(s), of an existing road or section of road to identify hazardous conditions, faults and deficiencies that may lead to serious road crash

A method for identifying, analysing and classifying parts of the existing road network according to their potential for safety development and accident cost savings

A method to identify, analyse and rank sections of the road network which have been in operation for more than 3 years and has a large number of fatal crashes in proportion to the traffic flow have occurred

Planned roads Operational roads

PRO-ACTIVE (PREVENTION) RE-ACTIVE (CURE)

Data feeds into Road Safety Audit

Data Gathering & Review

Planning 1

Design 32

Construction4

“A road safety audit (RSA) and a road safety inspection (RSI) are used to test the safety level of the road infrastructure. The RSA tests the design of new roads or the reconstruction of existing roads, whereas the RSI is used for testing existing roads.”


RSA & RSI IMPLEMENTATION BY OTHER COUNTRIES5

Source: 1. DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL No. 2008/96 ON ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY MANAGEMENT2. PIARC (2007), ROAD SAFETY INSPECTION GUIDELINE: For safety checks of existing roads3. VTI (2001), Traffic Safety on Three Continents, Proceeding for VTI Konferens 18A – 20014. Rune, E., 2006. Road safety inspection: Safety effects and best practice guidlines European Commission; Research Council of Norway.

Country

Stage 1: Planning

and Feasibility

Stage 2: Preliminary

Design

Stage 3: Detail Design

Stage 4: Construction / Pre-opening

Stage 5: Operational /

Existing

Road Safety Inspection

(RSI)

Malaysia, Thailand ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️

Denmark ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️

United Kingdom ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️

Australia & United State of America ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️

European Union, Norway, Sweden, Austria

✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️

Albania, Bosnia, Croatia,

Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Turkey

✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️

ROAD SAFETY AUDIT RSI


RSA AND RSI CHARACTERISTICSIssues Road Safety Audit (Stage 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5) Road Safety Inspection

Location New road project Existing roads

Personnel Independent, qualified auditor or team lead

by an auditor

Independent, qualified inspectors/road safety experts

or team lead by an inspector

Qualification Civil engineering – Road Traffic Engineer Interdisciplinary - Civil, Biomechanical, Psychologist, Social Science, etc.

Reporting • Audit the project by road standards and

guidelines and potential crash occurrence and may or may not suggest

improvement to the designer

• Inspect on road safety problems on the existing road for all type of road users and suggest improvements.

• May be thematic and may be prioritized

• Inspect on road traffic environment and road user

behaviour and potential crash occurrence.

Duration RSA duration is according to the road

project schedule. It ends after 6 month of the road opening

RSI is an on-going process, with roads being subject to re-inspection at regular intervals

Cost and

fundsAbsorb from project cost - Cost by stage of audit

May be from operational / maintenance cost

Involvement 1) Client, 2) Designer, 3) RS-Auditor 1) Client, 2) RS-Inspector

Crash data May or may not use data on road crashes, but good to have as reference or weightage

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Source: 1. DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL No. 2008/96 ON ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY MANAGEMENT2. Ripcord-Iserest, 2005. Road safety inspections: Best practice and implementation plan. Road Infrastructure Safety Protection - Core-Research and Development for Road Safety in Europe, Germany.


WHY DO WE NEED RSI?

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J.Treat et al, Tri-Level Study of the Causes of Traffic Accidents, 1979, Washington DC

In every third crash, the existing road environment has some considerable influence.

The roads were designed and constructed some decades ago for less amount of traffic and a slower car fleet.

With the Inspector expert knowledge and with systematic RSI approach, it is possible to reduce the number and the severity of traffic crashes the of existing roads.

Due to technological developments and new technical standards, existing road equipment may become obsolete, its replacement being necessary.

There is strong evidence that such inspections are highly cost-effective. Saving of only one human life per year in an inspected road section, the resulting benefit of the RSI would be much higher than the relevant cost.

Source: 1. DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL No.

2008/96 ON ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE SAFETY MANAGEMENT

2. Ripcord-Iserest, 2005. Road safety inspections: Best practice and implementation plan. Road Infrastructure Safety Protection - Core-Research and Development for Road Safety in Europe, Germany.


A PICTURE IS WORTH A THOUSAND WORDS?? 9


THE WAY FORWARD FOR RSI IN MALAYSIA

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WAY FORWARD FOR RSI

• MIROS intends to make RSI as one of its operations; to

inspect the existing road safety level.

• To ensure that RSI is recognized and widely accepted by

various parties, MIROS intends to be recognized by the

Department of Standards Malaysia (JSM) as an

accredited inspection body under the Malaysian

Inspection Bodies Accreditation Scheme (MIBAS),

scheme using the benchmarking of the PIARC.

• MIBAS (MS ISO / IEC 17020 (ILAC P15: 07/2016) is a unified

national inspection body accreditation scheme and its

scope of accreditation goes beyond multiple disciplines.

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Jabatan Standard Malaysia


LEVEL OF ROAD SAFETY INSPECTOR

Trainee Road Safety Inspector (TRS-I)

Road Safety Inspector (RS-I)

Senior Road Safety Inspector (SRS-I)

Chief Road Safety Inspector (CRS-I)

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MIROS AND RSI

• Ever since establishment, MIROShave been conducting 188 RSA-Stage 5 or RSI on various type ofroads in Malaysia and there weremany client and public authoritiesinvolved.

• MIROS has

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Year Expressway Federal State PBT Private Total

2008 2 0 0 3 0 5

2009 1 2 1 3 0 7

2010 1 0 1 2 0 4

2011 2 2 0 2 0 6

2012 11 8 1 5 1 26

2013 5 7 9 6 1 28

2014 5 7 5 13 0 30

2015 6 14 3 6 0 29

2016 4 5 2 7 0 18

2017 2 3 3 8 0 16

2018 9 0 2 8 0 19

TOTAL 48 48 27 63 2 188

No Position Number

1 Chief Road Safety Inspector 1

2 Senior Road Safety Inspector 9

3 Road Safety Inspector 2

4 Trainee Road Safety Inspector 9


AN INSPECTION TEAM CONSISTS OF… 15

Two (2) Technicians

One (1) Inspector

One (1) Leader

One (1) Advisor CRS-I

SRS-I / RS-I

SRS-I / RS-I / TRS-I

RS-T


ROAD SAFETY INSPECTORS QUALIFICATION

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No Position

Professional Engineer

(Practising or Non-Practising)

Academic Qualification

Road Safety Experience

Project Involvement

RSI Competency

Course(RCC)

Data Collection Competency Assessment

(DCCA)

1Chief Road Safety

Inspector✔️

Degree in Civil Eng.

> 10 year (Degree) or> 8 years (Master) or

> 6 years (PhD.) or

20 projects (lead

minimum of 10 projects)

✔️** -

2Senior Road Safety

Inspector-


or related fields


> 3 years (PhD.) or

15 projects (lead


✔️** ✔️**

3Road Safety

Inspector -


or related fields


> 2 years (PhD.) or

10 projects (lead


✔️* ✔️*

4Trainee Road

Safety Inspector-


or related fields

> 3 years (Degree) or> 2 years (Master) or

> 1 years (PhD.) or

5 projects ✔️ ✔️

Note:

Related fields includes those degree holders majoring in mechanical engineering, chemical, biomedical, town planners, statistics, social science which are

related to road safety* Require a refresher course every 2 years** Require a refresher course every 3 years


RSI REFERENCES

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• Malaysian Guidebook for Road Safety Audit(METRA) (MIROS, 2012)

• Road Safety Audit: Guidelines for the Safety Audit of Roads and Road Projects in Malaysia(JKR, 2002)

• ROAD SAFETY INSPECTION GUIDELINE: For safety checks of existing roads (PIARC, 2007)


COURSESDCCA

DATA COLLECTION COMPETENCY ASSESSMENT

This course provides basic skills in datacollection:

• traffic speed measurement

• traffic volume counting

• Traffic conflict count

• on-site measurement

RCCRSI COMPETENCY COURSE

• This course provides in-depthunderstanding about road safetyinspection skills

• Syllabuses based on specified in MeTRA(Malaysian Guidebook for Road SafetyAudit

• This course is exempted for Road SafetyTechnicians

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RSI KEY INSPECTION ITEMS

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Observing road user

exposure and risky behavior

DetectingRoad

infrastructure deficiencies

Measuring and surveying

road geometry and infrastructure


THE RSI PROCESS

Preparatory office work On Site Field Study RSI Report Follow up

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• The background information about the road, the function of

the road, the road standard

and the traffic volumes should

be obtained.

• The crash data can also be included if available.

• All relevant guidelines and

regulations need to be available associated to the site.

• Detailed maps or drawings or video footage should be made

available.

• Measuring and surveying road geometry and

infrastructure

• Observing road user exposure and risky

behavior

• Speeding behavior among road users

• Risky movement among road users• Red light running

• Illegal movement

• Dangerous maneuvers – weaving, lane

hogging, occupying shoulder

• Serious conflict occurrence

• Detecting Road infrastructure deficiencies• Via drive through observations

• Via walk through observations

• Follow up with road authority on the remedial work.

• Remedial action is not a part of RSI itself. However, implementation of measures is an important issue to ensure the effectiveness of the procedure.


SAMPLE REPORT #1

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SAMPLE REPORT #2

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QUESTIONS AND SUGGESTIONS?

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