Towards an Ontology for Describing Emotions
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Transcript of Towards an Ontology for Describing Emotions
Towards an Ontology for Describing Emotions
1st World Summit of the Knowledge SocietyWSKS’08
Juan Miguel López1, Rosa Gil1, Roberto García1, Idoia Cearreta2, Nestor Garay2
1 Universitat de Lleida, Spain2 University of the Basque Country, Spain
September 25, 2008Athens, Greece
Table of Contents
• Introduction
• Describing Emotion
• Ontologies for Emotion
• Conclusions
• Future Work
• Conceptual Model
• Emotions Ontology
• Use Case
Introduction
• Human beings are eminently emotional• Affective computing: detect and response to
user's emotions• Great variety of theoretical models of
emotions• Emotions are not universal (cultural, language
and individual particularities) Context influence
• Focus (reduce complexity):– Emergent Emotion: states where the person’s whole
system is caught up in the way they react to a particular person or situation
– Just emotion detection and expression systems, not internals of emotion processing in humans
Introduction
• Objectives:– Generic approach to define context-aware
emergent emotions taking different theoretical models into account
– Guide for flexible design of multimodal affective applications with independence of the starting model and the final way of implementation
Describing Emotion
• Most common cognitive models of emotions:– Categorical (Ekman, 1984)– Dimensional (Lang, 1979) – Appraisal (Scherer, 1999)
• Emotion expression systems: – Verbal– Behavioural (e.g. facial or postural)– Psycho-physiological (e.g heart rate)
• Emotional processing levels: – Emotional context
(location, time, activity, devices and person)– Emotion itself– Associated multimodal behaviours
Ontologies for Emotion
• Semantic lexicon in the field of feelings and emotions (Mathieu, 2005)
• Emotional annotation with WordNetAffect (Strapparava and Valittutti, 2004)
• Ontology of affective states for context aware applications (Benta et al., 2007)
• User context model (Cearreta et al., 2007)
Table of Contents
• Introduction
• Describing Emotion
• Ontologies for Emotion
• Conclusions
• Future Work
• Conceptual Model
• Emotions Ontology
• Use Case
Conceptual Model
• Independent from psychological theories– No interpretation of emotions– No emotion triggering mechanism model
• Multimodality:– Incorporates Lang’s three expression systems– Input through senses (humans) and sensors
(computers)
• Model context: individual, social and environmental
• Focus on Emergent Emotion, base of human affectiveness
Conceptual Model
Sensor Sensation
Perception
Description
Stimulus SituationhasPart
triggers
hasInput
hasOutput
describes
Emergent Emotion
Emotion Expression System
hasOutput
hasInput
hasInput
hasOutput
Memorystores
uses
Interface
“physical world” “mental world”
Emotions Ontology
• Formalisation of the conceptual model• Flexible and extensible
(accommodate different theories)• Web-wide sharable:
Web Ontology Language (OWL)• Enrich by reusing upper ontologies• DOLCE, Descriptive Ontology for
Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (Gangemi et al., 2002)– Context representation: Description & Situation– Other generic concepts
Emotions Ontology
dul:Action
Behavioural
Psychophysiological
Hearing
dul:Event
EmergentEmotion
Stimulus
dul:Process
dul:PhysicalObject
dul:PhysicalAgent
Sensor
dul:PhysicalBody
dul:PhysicalArtifact
Touch
SocialContext dul:Situation
BiologicalSensor Sense
Verbal
DiscreteStimulus
dul:Description ofntb:Frame
Taste
Gestural
Sight
Smell
Sensation
ArtificialSensor
EmotionExpressionSystem
Perception
PersonalContextInterface
Speech
Facial
EnvironmentalContext
ContinuousStimulus
Memory
dul:BiologicalObject
dul:SocialObject
Emotions Ontology
• DOLCE provides generic terms for modelling context
• Enormous range of situations that might be associated with emotions
• FrameNet: formalisation of a enormous linguistic base, based on Frames:
Lexical Unit Frame LU StatusLexical EntryReport
AnnotationReport
score.n Cardinal_numbers Created LE
score.nBehind_the_scenes
Finished_Initial LE Anno
score.v Getting Created
score.v Damaging Created LE
scores.n Quantity Finished_Initial LE Anno
Emotions OntologyScenario
"Torres scored a winning goal in the last minute"
Description
score - Recipient "Torres"- Result "winning"- Theme "goal"- Time "in the last minute"
describes
triggers
Emergent Emotion
Use Case
• Emotion-aware Tangible User Interface• Interface:
– Sensors: microphone, camera and buttons– Expression: display and speaker
• Situations Descriptions: – “playing a song”– “displaying a picture”
Use Case
• Emergent Emotion: sadness, happiness, anger, calm, worry, relaxed, boredom and surprise
• Training: recognize user emotional response to some situations
• Then, make user experience more pleasant– If detected sadness
play songs and/or display images associated to a happy user response
Table of Contents
• Introduction
• Describing Emotion
• Ontologies for Emotion
• Conclusions
• Future Work
• Conceptual Model
• Emotions Ontology
• Use Case
Conclusions
• Generic model for describing emotions and their detection and expression systems taking contextual and multimodal elements into account– Cognitive interpretation of emotions– Independence from emotion theories
• Formalised as a Web Ontology• Reuse DOLCE and FrameNet
Future Work
• Extending the ontology beyond emergent emotion– Affective states and emotions in social
networks
• Extend emotion-aware application based on Tangible User Interfaces
• Make computers more accessible, personalised and adapted to user needs
Thank you for your attention
Roberto Garcí[email protected]