Slide 1

Thyroid Disorders

Slide 2

Endocrine Glands Collection of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. Adrenal glands, parathyroid glands, pancreas, pineal gland, pituitary gland, ovaries, testes, thymus gland, thyroid gland

Slide 3

Thyroid Gland (Hormone.org, 2012)

Slide 4

Figure 12-7: Effects of thyroxine. (Zelman, Tompary, Raymond, Holdaway, Mulvhill, 2010)

Slide 5

Thyroid TSH T3 T4 Disruption of hormones Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism (NIDDK, 2006)

Slide 6

Hyperthyroidism One of the most common hyperthyroid disorders Graves Disease More common in women than men

Slide 7

Hyperthyroid Symptoms Exophthalmos Profuse perspiration Hand tremors Goiter Weight loss Nervousness/excitability Rapid pulse Polydipsia Diarrhea Insomnia

Slide 8

Insert Figure 12-9: Thyroid goiter. (Newscom) (Zelman, Tompary, Raymond, Holdaway, Mulvhill, 2010)

Slide 9

Slide 10

Hypothyroidism Most common type of hypothyroidism Hashimotos Disease The thyroid doesnt make enough thyroid hormone Symptoms: Fatigue, mental depression, feeling cold, weight gain, dry skin and hair, constipation, menstrual irregularities

Slide 11

Thyroid Cancer Most people have no symptoms 4 types: Papillary slow growing easily treated rarely fatal Follicular again slow growing rarely fatal Medullary less common more aggressive Anaplastic least common most aggressive

Slide 12

Addisons Disease Adrenal Insufficiency Adrenal glands cannot produce enough cortisol OR Pituitary gland fails to produce enouch adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) Symptoms: Chronic, worsening fatigue Muscle weakness Loss of appetite Weight loss Nausea/vomiting Diarrhea Craving for salty foods Low blood glucose Headache

Slide 13

Cushings Syndrome Caused by prolonged exposure of the bodys tissues to high levels of the hormone cortisol. Relatively rare but risk factors: Obesity Type 2 diabetes High blood pressure

Slide 14

Cushings Syndrome Signs & Symptoms: Rounded face Upper body obesity Increased neck fat Bruise easily / poor healing Weakened bones Fatigue Increased thirst/urination Irritability / anxiety / depression (NIDDK, 2006)

Slide 15

Insert Figure 12-11: A patient with Cushings syndrome (A) before and (B) after receiving treatment. (Sharmyn McGraw) (Zelman, Tompary, Raymond, Holdaway, Mulvhill, 2010)

Slide 16

Treatments Medication Radioactive Iodine Surgery Prevention??