Loyola University ChicagoLoyola eCommons

Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations

1966

The Text of Chrysostom's Homily 46 on Matthewin the Light of the Codex GuelferbytanusJohn Patrick LanganLoyola University Chicago

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Recommended CitationLangan, John Patrick, "The Text of Chrysostom's Homily 46 on Matthew in the Light of the Codex Guelferbytanus" (1966). Master'sTheses. Paper 2153.http://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/2153

'I'B TIlT or CHRYSOS!OK'8 HOMILY 46

ON MATTHEW D THE LIGHT 0' THE

COOIX GUILP'EIUllTAIUS

A The.l. SUba1ttecl to the Faeult7 of the Gracluate School

1D Partial Fult1llJael'lt of the Requ1raeat. tor the

ne ..... of Jfaater of Art. of x..o,ola t.l1iYeralt7

Chapter Pap

I. PROLEGOHENA TO THE TF.:X! 1

II. TEXT OF HOMILY 4it or CHR!SOSTOX'S JDm.lF$ ON THE GOSPEL OF SAIN'l' M.I\m£BW 17

-III. TRANSLATION OF THE Tl:X:T 49 'PI. COHMENTJ.RY ON' THE TEXT 60

BI!J.t.!OOP..ftJ'I!T 71

Joim Patrick lAme- ". bora 1ft Htrttord, Oomeottout, on .Aupst 10 ..

1940. He IPlCluated troaa the t1n1'9'eJ'111t7 of n.ttro1t B1ch School. 1ft .1 .. , 19S7.

In Jul.7, 19S1, be entered the SooSav of J... at thl ltrft Uate of 8t. 18 ...

Jepea, 1II1'Im1I,me, Peml71YIDia. In ..,.t. 19S9, be tr_f'.rred. to 00loa­

bieN OollAtp of the VDiftl'a1t:r of Det1"01 t aa4 112 ADcut, 1961, to Veet BaMn

0011 ... of I4,.la Vni ..... 1V. lD lmw, 1"2, he reoe1'ftd tlII8 ct.ecree of .....

101" of Arte trom Lo,ela 11ft1WPtd.1r and. el'rtaNd the Graduate Sohool of I470la

Un1wn1ty. hoII ~:r, l.96L, to J\:me, 1965. he taJcbt LaUa lad Oreek

at St. Ipatia .,11 SohoQ\, Olew1ancl, Obio. 81Dee Aupat, 1965, he has

been 8ft iDlrtrutor 1D phUoaoplrl' at the UJd.wnl. of Dlttro1t.

111

CHAP'l'ER I

PROLEGOMENA

8t. John Chryao.t.om, the great preacher and doctor of Antioch ad

Constantinople, was, atter hi. death, one of the most intluent.ial. and admired

of the Greek Fathers. 'lbe holine.. ot his lite, and t.he persecution. that led

to hi. death, together with t.he st7listic excellence ot his se1'lllOlls and t.heir

moral e&l'rlestne.s, ensured him a hi&h place among t.he leaders and writers of

the Christian East and were doubt.le.s responsible tor the preservat.ion of his

extensi" writings and t.heir cont.inued popularit7 down through the ages.

James Marshall Campbell, in his little introduction to rhe Greek Fathers,

has observed ot Chr7aost.oJJU "More of hill kas survived, he has be. translat.ed

more trequentl1' and more wide17 and has been published more extensivel7 than

&n1' other Father ot the Orient • .,1 In H1gne's Patm9Sa Gwca, hi. works

till eighteen volDes. These eighteen volWll8s contain, along with treatise.

like ll!. Sacemotio and letters, one or t.he most extensive and mo.t admired

collection. ot .acred oratol7 in the world.

One or the central works or this collection i. the !!oJl:3:l1e, 2D. Hatthu,

which are one of the great monuments ot Chr7.ostoa t. exegetical. orato1'7 and

which tora the earliest complete comaentar,r on the tire' Gospel preserved to

UB. 'lbe.e homilie., ninet.7 in all, were probab17 delivered at Antioch in t.he

1

2

Tear 390, when Chry.ostOIl was servinl as preacher in the patriarchal church of

that citT. 2 However, as Dom ChrTsostOJBWl Baur point. out, the.e homilies have

not COIle down to us in the form in which thq were original.l7 delivered. BaUl"

summariz •• hi. position on the date and character of these homilie. thus:

Soon atter the .ermon. on Genesi. [which Baur dates to the tir.t half of 388] Clu7 ... toa au.t have begun the explanation of St. Matthew'. Gospel. The relatively eaall. nUllber of concrete characte­ri.tic. make. it clear that thie composition i. .imply a literary product. In the pulpit it.elf, the preacher u.:r have introduced .IUIl1' penetrating ob.ervatioa. whicp are lacking in the written text. The st. Matthew co-.entary i8 generally supposed to have b.en coa,- 3 po.ed in the tear 390, and this date IUQ' actual.lT be the correct one. tt

In these homilie., Chr,yeo.tom .tre •••• the continuity between the Old

Testament and the New again.t the Manichaeane and the unity at nature betWMll

the 'ather and the Son again.t the Arian •• 4 HoweY.r, his u1n cono.rn in th •• e

homilie., a. in the great bulle of his work., is moral exhortation rather than

dogmatic in.truction or .peculation.

The Hpilie. on Hatthg, then, are .ignificant in a n\1Jlber of w&,7 ••

firat, theT are a JJl8.jor exe_ple of Chr7ao.toa t • oratorical .kill and lIOral in­

tenait7. Seoond, thq are one of the _jor sUMiv1Dg monument. of the An­

tioch .. school of exege.i.. 'l'hird, they 8'C1lP7 an imponant place in the hi.­

tory ofaxege.is .. the tirst com,plete COJIDIentary on Matthew. Fourth, theT

2 Johanne. Quuten, P,troloq, VOl. III: lb.t golden .6u at. .9a:!.!l PatrUti9 Literature: ..lls!! lb!. ~ it Niue .. !! 1.1\! gopc!l !Il. Ch!l.c.dqn {iUtrechta Spectrum Publi.her., 1900r;~-p. 437.

'Chry.o.tOllWJ Saur, O.S.B., .i!Jm Chm0.'e _ &I..D!i!, Vol. II Antioch, tran •• Sr. H. Gonsaaa, R.S.H. (w..ta1nater, Md.: He ... Pre •• , 19'9), pp. 2. 289.

~uten, III, 437.

, are of central importance in d.t.l"Ilin!ng the text of the New Testament as it

was read b7 Chr7eoStoll and his contemporari... Firth, th'7 reflect the

ordinar.r dogmatic teaching ot the Antiochen. church at a tille which was r81a­

tivu7 tr •• trom _jor doctrinal controversie.. Sixth, th'7 cast JIII.lch inci­

dental light on t.h.custoJu, attitud •• , and histo17 of the lat. fourtb cctur.r.

pr:rticw.ar17 int.r.8tina in this regard are Homilie. 69 and 70, which d.scribe

contapor&r7 mnaatic Ut.. The importance and influ.nc. of the HomAi,s sa ; ;,-~,"'<"

Mat"", in later ages can be estimat.d trom the lafa- nWllb.r of lMJ1uacripts

in which the7 are preserv.d .ith.r in whole or in part. Quaaten e8t1m&t.s

that there are at 1.&8t 17' ot th.s. manu8cript.s, dating from the ninth to the

sixt.cth centuri.8. 5 Becauae of their intrinsic value and th.ir historical.

importanc., the Hgm1l.ie. sm. Matthew are ot continuing significance and justify

the ettort to .etabli8ha more exact text, which is und.rtaken in this thesis.

Th. Ho!Ai •• !!1 Matthew have appeared in the follov1n& editions,

CoDaelin, Hi.rorqDlU8. EiJPo.itl2 R!ll?!tUli Jl! NouU! b.Ill ~ I!!,. ... t-. 4 vols. Heidelberll in Bibliopolio CoIBel1n1anO--(JUcl • • t Nicol. Bonuitli}, 160,.

Saril., Henr.r. 1. JoMDi' Chrnostomi Opga omp1a. 8 vols. Etonl John Norton, 1013.

Dtlca.us, Fronto, S.J. Sancti Joam1s Qbmostgm1 ~ra oa11a a 1.& "0.. di.tlileuH. Pari., apud Carolum Morellua, 163 -1642.

Monttauoon, Bernard de. §Scti Jgamals Chrz8oStomi Op!ra 9!J!R1! .m!!!. "i!ant .!!l .!.1!! now. CirCfi,eruntst• l' vols. Paris: apmptibWl t.- Gu.r ,C. Robuatel, et al., 1 8-1138 •

Mcmttaucon, Bernard d..~ JoannJ.s Ctuz!o,Wa& Opera 9!rmra. • .!ditio alt.r& (ed. Theobald ~l' vol.. Pari .. apu.d Oaume FratN., 18,34-183'.

, llWl., 438.

Field, Frederiok. J9&QD1s Chrzsosts He!g'U= a Mattha.",. :3 vol.. Cambridge: Uni Yerai t,7 Presa, 1839.

4

Field Fred.riok. Sanct! Joam1. Cbl"leatom1 HomUiae .m Hattha, •• Editio norlsa1a& accurant •• t dengo reOOfmnscent. J.P. Migne. "::,~ ~ 2 YOla. Paris: J.P. Migne, 186,.

'th. edition of CoIaelin was baaed on manuscripts from the Palatine

libral'7 and from libraries in Ba...aria and Augsburg. CoJJlll1elin confined his

editing to reproducing the tullest reading found in his manuscripts and braok.-,

tina those words which did not occur in all of the manuscript.. After the'

appearance of SaYlle' 8 edition, Commelin t a edition vaa reissued unchanged. with

the date 1617, a fact which Field attributes to the publisher's desire to

prevent the edition from appearing Obsolete.?

Comatl1n's edition was used b7 Sir HenI7 sav1le (1549-1622) in the pre-

paration of his edition of the complete works of Chr;yaostOlll. Though Field's

edition of the Hom1J.1es 9. Matthew supersedes that part of Savile' a work,

SavUe 's edition still stands &a & major accompl1ahaent, which has been de­

scribed as "the tirst work of learit:ing on a great scale published in England."a

F1el<l, hovever" points out the diffioult1es under whioh Savile labored in

editing the HaP ie. 211 Mt1fth"b particular17 the lack of sound manuscripts

with which to correct the readings of eo...l1n's edition. In his new, Bavile

6The bibliographical information for those works which I have not been able to consult (th •• ditions of ComIlelin, SavUe, and Fronto Duc&eua) haa beeD taken troa the preface to F1eld~s edition and from Paul W. Harkins, t'The Text Tradition of Chr;yaoatoa'a Comeptaa 2!1 i.2!m," theolOgical Studlt., XIX (1958) pp. 404-4l2.

? Frederick Field, J0rx'f8 Cibnaoltcg1 Ho!!Aiae Jl! Mat thaewn, (Cambridge: Universit7 Presa, 18'9), I I, vi.

'wUU .. Carr, "Sir HelU7 SaTil.e," Dict10~ 9l. National J3iograpbl, ad. Sir Leelie Stephen arul Sir Sidney Lee, XVII (1921 8S8.

had no complete, "ounei manuscript ot the homilies of the second. half ot the

coment~.' Though I haYe not been able to consult BayUe's edition, the

readinp ot his text. can be gathered. tram Field' s apparatus critleus.

The edition ot Fronto Du.caeus is of little value for establishing the

text of the homilies since it simply reproduce. the text ot the Commelin

edition. AetuaJ.ly, this edition has precious little to do with Fronto Du.caeus,

a French Jesuit, who edited Chry.ostom t s homilie. on the Old Testament, and

who.e name was then used by the printer Charles Hlrel to adorn t.he title page

ot the edition at Chr;y80St.om t S works which he published from 1636 t.o 1642,

although Dueaeus had died in 1624.10 Field observe. that thi. edition difters

from Commelin's in no more than ten places; he used 1t rather than Co.uael.in's

in preparing hiwown edition and refers to it in his apparatUf SUtieg as

Morel t sedition.ll

The edition of Montfaueon, though 1t long enjoyed the reputation ot being

the best edition, was actuall;y a rather unsatisfactory product ot the old age

of that great scholar~ Field'. basic criticia ot it i8 that, though Mont­

taucon protesaed to recognize the 8uperiority ot Savile's text to Oommelin t 8,

he act.uall.7 baaed his own text on Commelin f. and negledted SayUe' s • Field

turther observes that the second Benedictine edition, which reproduced Mont ...

faucon's text with some alterations, did something to correct. this by using

savuets edition more heavily, though not heavilT enougb.12

'Field, III, 1x-x.

l°Harkin., p. 405.

llField, III, xii.

12 IbM., xv.

6

The single most important edition of the HomUiel 2!l. Matther, nowver,

ia that of Frederick Field (1801-1885), an Anglican clergyman and fellow of

Trinity College, Cambridge, from 1824 to 1839. During this time he prepared

his edition of the HomUi • .2l! Matthew, which appeared in 1839. William

Greenhill obaerves of him: "In his own line of lear.~g he was certainl7 not

surpassed by any scholar of his age ... ll HillS edition i$A1 model of clear and

precise scholarship and has become the standard text of the homilies, being

reprinted by J. P. l{tgnfl in Vol'WUs 57 and 58 of the f!.trolosa Graeea. It

waa u.sed in the preparation ot Prevost t s transla.tion of the homilies in the

Oxford Librar,y ot Fathers.

In preparing his edition, Field used only lJ or the approx1mately 175

manu.scripts ot the homilies; and none of those that he u.ses contained all

ninety of the homilies. Moat of the major manuscripts contain either the

tirst half ot the cOlDl8enta.rr, which usually' rune up to Hoftlil7 42, 44, or 45

inclusively, or the second halt. Consequently: in preparing the text or

Homil.1 46, Field was principally dependent on three manuscripts, which he

designed as G, H, and K. G was a manuscript from the Library of Trinity

College, Cambridge, in tolio, a parchment of the eleventh centu17, which

contained Homilies 45 to 90. It had been somewhat damaged by moisture and

lacked it.. last page. H and K were both eleventb-centU1'7 parchments in follO

trom the l.ioyal. Libr&r7 ot Parie. Fii3ld called H, which contained Homilies

45-90 complete, a "codex' \3legans et dUigenter scriptus," and K, which con-

l3WUl.iam Alexander Greenhill, "Frederick Field," DictismW!!: National Biogra.ph:;, ed. Sir Leslie Stephen and Sir Sidney L"e, VI (1921), 1267

1

tained the same homilies, a "codex pulcherrimus et accurate descrip~ue." K :> ,-

untortunate17 lacks one page, which runs from ~ Iffl Yflt/S on page 481C

to ollA) i ; DI T£ on page aB2D in Homil.7 46.14 Field also make. reterence

to a "Codex Re&1ua 688," or Codex P as he refere to it elsewhere, which con-

tiined homilies 43 to 90 complete. However he did not uee it consistent17

to determine the text. of HoIlilT 46, though he does reter to it on one oc­

casion in his apR!£alSl critiQue.lS

Field's means ot determ1n1ng the text were not limited, however, to

these tour manuscripte and to the previous editions. In determining the

text ot the New Testament citations in the homUy, he was able to use

Matthe1' s collation of the Moecow manuscripts .16 He was also able to use an

Eeitome of the entire conaent&17, which eliminated the EtMca or moral. ex­

hortations with which the homilies ooncluded and presented only Chr,ysoatamts

axegesis ot the Biblical text in a cOJlQres.ed tora, which, however, otten

preserved Chrysoet.C)ID.· S own words. Field uees a manuscript in guarto of this

lliRi\ome from the Library of Trinity College, Cambridge, a caretully written

parchment ot the early tenth century. He also consulted the coaentariee on

Matthew ot Theophylactus and ot Euthpiue Zigabenue, which were derived troll

Chrysostomts commentary. He also uses the Latin translation ot the Ho!!Uie!

.2n Matthew which Annianus ot eeleda, at Pelagian deaconot the early fifth

century, had undertaken. This translation incU.uded only the first twenty-

14 Field, III, xx. IS le!4., :xxii. 16 ~.:

8

tive homilies and of these only the first eight have ever been Printed.17

For Hom1l7 46, however, Field did have available the Latin transla.tion made

by GeorgtWl Tra.pezuntius (1.396-1485 or 1486) and revised by PhUippus Montanus

in an edition published at Paris in 1570. Since Georgius, a Greek humanist

who had come to Ital..;y in the early part of the fifteenth centl.!17, had in­

curred disgrace and expulsion from the papal court because of the intidelity

of his translations, the value of this source is not what it might have been.lE

Field further made use of an Armenian translation of Homilies 1 to 53, edited

by the Mechitarist Fathers at Venice in 1826.19

The Codex Ouelter\);ytanus 95 is a manuscript trom the Du.cal. Libra17 at

Woltenbuttel and is ot particular interest in that it is the oldest manuscript

ot I.Il7 ot the writings of Chrysostom that we posses.. nom ChrysostoIllU. Baur

dated it to the seventh centur;r. 20 Father Edgar Smothers, S.J., tollowing

Tischennort and Grego17, dates it to the sixth centUl7, 21 &s does Heinemann

iJi~hi8 catalogue of the Woltenbuttel manuscripts. Heinemann described it thus

in his catalogue t

Perga. 33 x 27 cm. 186 BU., ~ bezeichneten Lagan zu 8, BU., zweispalt1g 6. Jahrh •••• Schone griechesche Unci&l-und Kapitalhandschritt, mit roth en Uebarschr1tten, obna alle

l7Emest Honigmann, Patnstic Stjdi,. <ltStudi a Testi," Vol. CLXXIIIJ Citta del Vatlcano: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1953), p. 55.

18 / R. Janin, "Georges de Trebizonde," D1ctioMaia S! Tbeo;r.ode

2!Phol1a:u, ed. A. Vacant and E. Hangenot, VI (192O), col •• 1285-1237.

19F1eld , III, xxv-xxvi. 2OBaur, II, 470.

2lEd.gar ,Smothers, S.J., "Four Greek If¥rms, It ~lMI!' Josee S1I. Gh!ll1nc1s S.J. (Gemblowu Editions J. Duculot, 1951), p. 323.

Wortabbfto~. M1 t einselnen Be.rlauJ&en und bat_n TOn spateren R_n. H1ar und el, hat au.em aine Hand de. 10 Jabrh. 1ateiD1eebe WOi-te ~t. 22

9

!hOUCh f1acblndort used the Scriptural. ret.renoes and texts in the Codex

OUeUe:r'bytanu in prep8l"1na hie ed1tlon ot the .." '1IIsta.nt am 'ather

Smothers edited ttIV Greek bJmn* tound in the U1'11fte of th1e manuscript, it

has nwnr 'been used in 8IJI' .eli tion ot the HomU1ee !! Hllttbn.

!be 00dIx CIwtlterb,rtanJa 18, hOftY .. , of Special 1taport&noe in the •• t ...

118m-nt ot a SoaM .at ot the HomUVa, not oDlT bee ... ot ita ace bitt al..o

bee... at tbe tact that, UDl.1ke the JUDU.801'tpte that haft been ued in pre­

'V'1ou ed1tto., it oODtatna Dlltlwr the tint halt ot the ooaplete HorIil1ee

nor tbe eeoaad ba1.t, bIlt ... leotion d eighteen homU1ee traa both hal.,..

ot the -..ntaI'y. or t.h.- elghtee hoa1U. .. , ..... nteen are preH!"f8d to

UI, the lliIaiIJI one 11 the n1nth in the .eri.ee. h quaterrdon eonta1n1ng it

aD:l the 1_t part of the eighth b.o1a1l.7, 1Ih1eh 18 Hotdl,. 46 in the vbole ooa­

_ntaJo,y and wb!eh 18 the nbjeot ot this th •• 1s, hae untortaDately disappelrecl,

A.tter ina'peet1q the hoJaU.1ee in th1e UDWIt'IPipt, :t haft been unable to

&l"r'1Ye at 8fI1' bJ'potbeell .. to .,. tbne p&rt1cu1ar ellhteen hoId.l1ea are

C1boe .. bT tbe ortg1nal editor ot the eol1eoUon. !he hoIIU1ee that he ohose

IUd their eontente an I1wn here in .-aJ7 t01'1l'

33. Wt 10. 16-22. Ohri.,·s d1eoaune on •• 1'ld1DC out the 'l'IWlw.

Ithioon. ObJo78oetca ..... the super1or1. ot the Jpoetl •• to the Oreeke,

1nI18t1 on OlD' wa1nlea, ad pra1nl the pat1enoe ot Job,

10

". Mt 10. ~4 -42. Christ' ~ discourse on sending out the Twe! ve ..

Ethtecm: Ch!'Tsostom insists on the necessitT ot al.msgiving and replies to

ditticultie. about whether or not the poor deserve alms.

36. Mt 11. 1-6. Christ speaks to a del.gation sent bT John the

Baptiet.. Ethioont Chr.Y80Stom discue.es the problem ot the ~vation ot

those who died without knowing Christ and argues that our culpability is

greater than that ot the heathen.

37. 1ft. 11. 7-24. Jeaue speak. to the people about John;, He curses

the c1tie. ot Galllee. EthicOB: Clu7lJostoa denolmces the theater and its

sinful spectacl.s.

41. Mt 12. 2' ... 32. Jesus i. accused ot casting out devU. in the

name ot Beelzebub. Ethicon: Chryso.tom 847. that the threat of eternal

punishment .hould le&d WI to atniet oUl"Selve. in this lite by remea­

br.ee of our .in. and repentance joined. with good work ••

42. Mt 12. '3-37. In reply t J •• ua denolmces the Phvi..... itb1c0B t

Chry80st01ll deplores our tendenOT to neglect our true spiritua1. weltare.

43. Mt, 12. 38-45. J.sus denounce. the unbelieving generation and

ott.ra it the sip ot Jonah. In bis exposition of the text _ Chl78ostoa

denounces the Marcionite., the Jew _ and Julian the Apostate. Ethico!u

Chr;rsostom insists on the reality ot hell and the nec.saity ot conv.rsion.

46. )It 13.. 24-33. The parables ot the wheat and the tares, ot the

l.aven and of the mustard seecl10 Ethicon: Ch1780Stom exhort. us to imitate

the Apostles in righen •• s of life.

7'. Mt 23. 14-28. Jesus denounce. the Phari ••••• Ethicon; Chryaoa­

tom engage. in a d.nunciation of S8X\lal inIaorAlity and an exhortation to

11

lDB.lT1' good women, adding a warning against marrying women for their money.

79. Mt 25.)1-26.5 Christ proclaims that. he will judge men according

to their works of charity. Ethicon: Cbrysostom exhorts us to forgiveness

ot enemies and speaks against revenge.

80. Mt 26. 6-16. A woman anoints the teet of Jesus at rJothany, Judas

agrees to betr81' Jesus. Ethicon: Cbrysostom warns us against covetousness

and urges us to accept poverty.

Ss. Kt 26.67-27.10. The Jews mock Jesus; Peter denies hiD4 Judas

commits suicide. :IDrhicgllt Ch1780stom exhorts us to almsgiving and deplore

the fact that priests are now obligeg to attend to temporal concerns.

86. Mt 27. 11-26. Jesus is tried betore PUate, the Jews prefer

Barabbas to Jesus. Ethlcon: Chryeostom wa.ma us against yielding to the

pas.tons, even to a small extent; tor this gives a foothold to the deTil.

1Yl. Mt 27.. 27-44. The way ot the cross and the cruci1'ix1on" EtM9SW

Chrysostom urges us t~ heaD j:nei!ll.ta 'with self-control and without anger.

es.. Kt 27.. 4;-61. The death and burial of Jesus" Cbry-sostom here

refers to an eclipse otthe sun win 0l1r generation .. ft Etbicop t ChrTsostom

urges us r.ot to forsaka Jews in his members but to give them alms; he

detends h1Jnai;lt against criticiam tor alwqs taJ.king ot almsgiving.

89. Nt 27 .62-28 .10.. The priests set a guard over the tomb; Jesus

rises tNDl the dead. Et.hicon: Chrysostom denounces the women who wear

tine jewelry wbenthey should give alma to the poor.

90. Mt 28. 11-20. The guards report the news to the priests; Jesus

appears to the Eleven in Galilee.. Eth1cgn: Chr,ysostom exhort. to poverty

and almsgi viJlg •

12

lI'ftml this IIWIlIIIll'7 of the eontentl ot the homU.ie., vh1ch are gi'f8D in

the o1"der in whioh they OOCUl" in tl'll manusoript, it oan be .een that the ed1 tor

generall" cbo •• gZ'OUp. ot hotdl1 •• tor inel.usion in h18 oollection; Jimd11 ••

.46 and 73 are the on17 1aol.ated hoJIU1e. tound in the .anuoript as It .tands. He also .... to have had a 'Preterenoe tor Ohrysoat.om'. expo.1 tions ot the

d.i8001b'8" ot Ohr18t rather thlll ttJr his es:posltlons ot t.be Dd.raol. •• and ot

the n8.rratl.,. eeet1cm8 ot the 00spe1, with the e-.pt1oD of the n&rNtl... ot

the Pas.lon and. RuU1'Notlon. ": .. ot the It.biq, deal with pafWt)" anc:l ah8-

11Y1Da, IIld three treat ot bell. Beyond tb1s, te" OOIIIlon threads can be di.· o .... d -121 the bo1I1l1_ that tOftl th18 oolleotion. !he mia.1n& hord.l.7 18

one ot tb.o8e bet_en HomUy h6 am HoRd.l.y 73 aDd •• wll h&ft been either

Hord17 &.7 or HOIII1l7 72.

Apart f'rotI the abeenoe ot this one hoII1l.", hOW'Nr, the 11l8D.U8oript 18

1Ml1 '01'88e1'ftld. It 18 1fr1tten in double oolwat in a ole .. , firJl, and legible

bald. 'l'be hand re.ables that 1n the 'fteJma D1oeooridea witten far Juliana

An101a,2l thoagh the dom eVoke. ot the phi, the rho, and the upsUon are not

110 10D« as in the Dioeooride., which 18 dated to the ."17 sixth oentU1'7.

lCrll.arpd letters aaark the bellmd.J318 ot paragraphs. !baft... no accents,

breath1Dp, fir Iota anab8oripte, and tbe1"e 18 no dl'Y1alon bet1Nen words. !be

bor1sontal stroke 18 trequel'.lt:b' Qed to 1nd1oate the oJl1as1on ot a t1nal nu

and al.o to tON the outaIatT oontl-lOtio_ ot the nolll1Da sacra. Qaioron 111

13

frequently written on a much smaller scale than the other lettera; less

frequent17 this is the case with sigma, alpha, or other letters. The margins

of the text of Homily 46 are generally clean. A small sign i8 placed in

the margin at the beginning of each line of Biblical text both in the pericope

and in the homily. Crosses occur in the margins at several points, but their

occurrence does not seem to follow an)' rule. One section of the text I which

is noted in the commentary, has been recopied in the margin in a hand proba'bl7

belonging to the seventh century. The two corrections have been noted in

their proper places in the commentary.

At this point it ma7 be appropriate to indicate the general cha~cter of

the Codex Gue1ferbTtanus &nd its value for determining the text of Homil7 46.

In general, it ID&7 be said that the Codex Guelterbytanus cont1.rm.a the text ot

this hom.il.7 which haa been established on t he basis of later manuscripts.

The.· scribe responsible for this manuscript was a careM workDan who avoided

groS8 blunders and who tried to provide a cle~ and readily intel.11g1ble text

tor his readers. He marred hi. work, however, h7 an excessive desire to avoid.

ambiguities and to make reference8 clj&l"J as a result, Dl8llT glosses and ex­

planatory notes have crept into the text, particular17 in the section where

Ch;r.ysostom discusse. the treatment of heretics (482B3-m.). De8pite thi8 ten­

dencr to amplit.T the text, the scribe or the Guelferbytanu8 haa done his job

well. We are fortunate in pos8essing such an old and generally reliable wit­

ness to the text of this homily_ However its authority is not, in my view,

such that its readings should be preferred to Field's, which are based oni ~

broad and generally sound tradition. For the value of the Codex Guel.terh1"tanus

lies not in reliability in matters ot detail but in the general oonfirmation

that it provides for the text established by Field.

The peri cope of Matthew which is found at the beginning of this homily

gives a standard version of the text. with no extraordinary variants; however,

the value ot this text in determining the history ot the New Testament text.

lies outside the scope ot the present thesis.

In preparing this edition ot Homily 46 of the !fc!!ill'! .2!! Matth"" rq

basic task has been the establishment ot a new text of the homi.l7 on the basjs

of 11fT collation ot the Codex Gue1ferb7tanu. and the editions of Montfaucon

and Field. I have been particularly dependent on Field·. edition, which is

a model ot clear and authoritative scholarship and incorporates the work ot

his predecessors which I was, tor the most part, unable to consult. I have

also prepared a translation ot the newly established text in which I have tried

to achieve an English venion that would be intelligible, and natural, and at

the same time fa1 thtul to the Greek text.

To the text and translation I have appended a short cOl1'lllelltary in which

I have indicated same ot the considerations that were operative in my deter­

mina.tion of the text. The cODlllentary is not exhaustive. I have deliberately

retrained from. comment both in those cases where the reading given by Ouelfer­

bytanus i8 manifestly impossible and in those cases where the r&ading was de­

termined purely on the greater a.uthority ot one source over another. In those

where no considerations ot grammar, saue, or paleography seemed. <lecisi vely to

favor &n7 of the variants, I have retained the reading given by Field and have

recorded that given by Guelferbytanus in the apparats, criticus. In thos. cases

where the Ouelterbytanus is not mentioneci among the sources ot variants, the

reading ot that manuscript mq be understood to be identical with that ot the

15

text. In the prepara.tion ot the apparaty griticu.!, I have retained Field t S

method ot designating his sources, though I have not transcribed his apparatus

!!l~. Also, because the Codex Gue1terbytanus breaks off before the end ot

the homily, I have not edited, translated, or commented on any part ot the

homily beyond the end ot the homily &8 it i8 tound in the Codex Gue1terbTtanus.

In the presentation ot the text, I have retained in the margin the pagination

given in the first Benedictine edition, whioh was retained in the margins of

the second Benedictine edition and ot Field's edition, though not in Mignels

reprinting ot Field. The numbering ot the lines, however, which is found in

the margins ot the text and which is reterred to in the cOlJ1JHntary, I have

taken trom Field's edition.

I have omitted merely orthographical. variants from the text and the

apparatus criticu8. The chiet ot these have been the presence or abeenc", ot )

the nu or sigma moveable, variant torms ot 011 , tailure to assimilate pre-

tixes, tailure to indicate elisions, variant torme ot the imperative and

second person plural endings, and the interchange ot t and E L •

16

Arm. Veraio Armen1ca

Ep. Epito.

a Codex a 1n edition. Field

Ge. Vera10 Latina GeoraU TrapeWDt11

au Codex auelt.rbTtanu.

H Codex H in editione Field

K Codex K in ed1tion. P'1elct

)bntt. Editio Monttaucon

)for. Ed.1tio Morel

Moaq. Codic.. Moaquen... c1tatae & Matth.1

Sav. Ed.1tio SavUe

Rea. 688 Coctex P in ect1t1one Field

CHAPTER II

TRANSLATION

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CHAPTER III

TRANSLATION

Matthew 13 - 24-)0

480B He proposed another parable to them, 8~, "The kingdom of hea-

ven is like a man who sows good seed in his field. But MiUe his men

480C slept, his enemy came and sowed darnel in the midst of the wheat and

went away_ But when the grain sprouted up and ripened, then the darnel

appeared also. But the servants of the head. of the house came to him

and said, ".Master, did not you sow good seed in your field'? Whence

then has come the darnel?" And he said to them, "A hostUe man has done

this.1t The servants said to him, "Do you wish that we go out and gather

480D in the darnel?U But he £'laid, "No, lest whUe gathering in the darnel,

you uproot the wheat along with it. Therefore let them both alone to

grow together untU the harvest. And at the time of the harvest I shall

sq to the reapers, 'Gather together the darnel first and bind it in

bundles for burning, and then collect the wheat into my bam.'"

What is the relationship between this parable and the one before

it? There he sDUke of those that have not devoted th..aelves to him

at all but have turned away from him and have thrm·m awq the seed; but

here he is speaking of heretical. sects. For in order that not even thil!

480E may trouble the disciples, he foretells it, after he has taught them

wh7 he speaks in parables. The previous parable, then, says that the;y

did not receive him; this one s~ that they have reoeived seducers in­

stead. For this too is part of the devU t s craft, &lw81'S to bring in

error alongside the truth, painting on it deceptive likeness9s so as

to carry otf with ease those who are ready to be deceived. For this

481A reason he calls the seed darnel rather than any other seed because it

looks rather like wheat.

Then he also mentions the manner of the plot. "\Jflile the men

slept,» he sqs. It is no small danger which he thus suspends over

the rulers, who are espec1all.y entrusted with the keeping ot the field;

and not merely over the rulers but aleo overi:t.the ruled. He then shows

also that error COlIle8 after truth, a fact which the outcome ot events

witnesses. .For after the prophets, come the false prophets; and a.tt.er

the apostle., the fal •• apostles, and att.r the Christ. the Antic»"ist.

For unless the devil see. what be may imitate or whom he aq ptot

... ain.t, nothing i. in his power, nor does h. know what to do J but he

481B plot. against what come. into existence. But now when he knows that

one produced a hundred., and one .txt,., and one thirty, he thereupon

approach.. another way. For sinc. he was unable to snatch what had

taken root or to choke it or to burn it up, he plots against it b;y

another kind ot deception and casts in alongside it his own seed. "~~

someone -7 a.k, "how do those who are sleeping differ trom those who

51

are like the road?" TheT differ in that there the devil immediately

snatched the .eed, and did not allow it to take root; but here he need.

So Christ s&78 these things, instructing us al:wqa to be watchtul.

For even it you escape those perUs, he sqs t.here is yet another perU.

For just as in the previous para.ble destruction came from the road and

481C the rook and the thoms, so here destruction comes from sleep, so that

Ii continual wh&chtulness is necessary. Therefore he said, "He who en­

dures to the end will be sa.ved .111 Something ot this sort ha.ppened even

at the beginning. Many of the superiors brolJ,ght. men into the churches

who were concealed heresiarehs and thus made such a scheme only too

easy. For the devil needs no toU thereafter, once he ha.s planted

thEll'll in our midst. If&1t how," one IllB¥ say, "is it possible to avoid

sleep?" It is indeed impossible to avoid physical sleep; but it is

4S1D possible to a.void the slumber ot our commitment. Therefore St. Paul

sa:y8, fI!iS watchtW., stand firm. in the ta.ith_ H2 Then he points out that

this activity 1s not onlJ' harmful but 1s also superfiuous. For a.tter

the land hall been cultivated and there is no need ot anything, then

this enemy 80WS a.gain, preCiselY' as the heretics do. For they pour

forth their own shafts tor i10 other reason than their vainglorY'. Not

trom this only but also from the things that follow, he outlines with

accur&C7 &ll their imposture. "For when the blade had. sprung and

1m 1.3. 24

2:1 Cor 16. 13

48lE

brought tort:.h fruit, then the darnel appeared also." This is just what

these people do. For in the beginning they hide themselves in the

shadows. but when they come to speak quite free17 and someone gives

them a share in preaching, then they pour out their poison.

For what purpose does he bring in the servants who report:. what

has happened? In order that he maT say that it is not neceS$&17 tor

them. to destroY' the darnel. He calls Satan himselt a hostile man ..

because of his struggle to int1i.ct harm. on m.en. For although his in­

solent attack is against us, its source is not his enmity to us but his

482A enmity to God. Theretore it is clear that God loves us more than we

love ourselves. See then trom another thing also the vUlainy ot the

devil. For he did not sow betore this, since he had nothing to destroYJ

but when everything was completed, in order that he might mar the toU

ot the tar.aer. Thus he do.s ever.Jthing because ot his evil desposition

towards him. See also the atfection ot the servants. For thEIT hasten

at. once to root out the darnel, even if they do it indi8creetly~ This

ahows their concern tor the seed and that they look to one thing alone.

not to the JlUl}ishment ot the en6lIl¥, but to the preservation ot what bas

4a2:8 been sown. For that other is not the urgent consideration.. Therefore

they look: to see how they mA7 tirst remove the disease. And they do

not seek even this absolutely ~ For they do not trust the matter to

themselves but they await the decisionot their master and ask, ttl):,

you want us to?" And what does he answer? He torbids them and sa7S,

"Leave them until the harvest, lest you root up the wheat with them."

53 He said this to prevent wars and bloodshed and slaughter from occurria,g.

For it is not proper to kill & heretic since an implacable war would

then be brought into the world. He restrains them, then, with these

two considerations: tirst, that harm to the wheat is to be avoided;

492C second, that punishment will overtake all those who are incurab17

diseased. So, it you desire them to be punished, yet without damage to

the wheat, wait tor thei 3ultable occasion.

What does this mean, "Lest you root up the wheat with them?"

Either he is saying that if you are about to take arms and to slaughter

the heretiCS, Dl&IlY' of the saints would necessarily be overthrown with

them. or that many trom among the darnel itself are likelY to be

.hanged and to become wheat. Now if you root them up beforehand, you ,.

ruin what was to become wheat by destroying those who could have been

b82D chanced and made better. He does not then torbid our restraining

heretics and muzzling them and cutting ott their treedom ot speech and

diapers ins their meetings and leagues, but only our killing and slaqh-

tering them. But be careM. to notice his gentleness, in that he does

not merel7 give sentence or forbid, but he also gives reasons.

What then, it the darnel remains to the end? "Then I will sfaT to

the reapers, 'Oather together the darnel first and bind it in bundles

tor burning. t " He again rendnds them ot John t s words which introduCed

him as judge,' and he says, "So long as they stand beside the wheat, we

148~! must spare them, tor it is possible for them to become wheat also; but

54 when theY' have departed after having gained no profit, then must inex.-

orable punishment overtake theJa. tI He say" "For, I will s.., to the

reapers, 'Gather together the darnel first.'" Wh7 first? "That these

othen m&7 not be alarmed b7 the tear that the wheat be carri.d oft

along with them. And bind them into bundle8, so as to burn thea, but

gather the wh.at into 1IJ'¥ barn."

4831 "He proposed another parable to them, s&Ting, 'The kingdom ot hea-

ven is like to a grein of mustard .eed.·" For since he had said that

three part. of the .eed are lo.t and. one saved, and that even in the

84ved part there occur. 8uch damage, in ortier to prevent their aakiDg

who the faithful will be and how numerous they will be, he removes thi8

fear al80, leading them on to faith bl' mean. of the parable ot the mus­

tard. .eed and showing that in art1' event the Go.pel will be 8pread abroac •

For thi. rea801l he introduced into the mid8t of the di8cu •• iOn the imag_

483B of this plant, which cl08817 re.embles the subject at hand. "It is

amaller," h. sqs, ·,than all other s.eds; but when it has grown., it is

greater than the plant. and become. a tree, .0 that the birds of the

air COIle and nest in its branche •• 11 For h. wanted. to point out a sign

of it. gr.atn.... "So al.o it will be in the cas. of the Go8pel," he

8&78- For indeed. his di8ciples w.r. weaker than all and 1.s. than allJ

but nevertheless, because the power wi thin them was great, the Gospel

has been unfolded in every part of the world.

And then h. add8 the leaven to this image and sqa, "The kingdom

ot heaven is like leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures

4830 of tlour, until the whole W4. l.avened," For just as the leaven

55 changes the large quantitT ot nour to its own quality, eo also 70u wUl

convert the entire world. And see the intelligence of this step_ For

he brings in the things of nature, showing that just as it i8 impossible

tor them not to take place, 80 also it i8 impossible tor these things

not to take place. Do not then 8&1 this to me: "What 8hall we be able

to do, twelve men talling in with so great a multitude?" For it is

precisel.T this verT thing that causes your strength to shine torth,

namelT mingling with the multitude and not fleeing. Theretore just as

the leaven leavena the dough when it is brought next to the flour, and

not mere17 next to it but in such a WIfT 'as to be aioted in with it (tor

483D he did not s&1 "put" aerel7, but "b1elll ); so alao TOu, when you have 'been

joined and united with those who war against 70U, will then have an ad­

vantage over them. And just as the leaven is hidden; 78t 1& not obli­

terated and gradually transmutes the rest to its own condition, the case

will be the same with regard to the Gospel. Do not be afraid now be­

cause I have said that the insolent attacks are maro'J for indeed in this

W&1 will TOU shine torth and overcome all. And in speaking ot three

meaaurea, he meant a mul t1 tude; for he is accustomed to use this num­

ber ilol,indicate.a multitude.

Do not marvel, then, it in apea.kin& of the kingdom, he mentioned

seed and leaven, for be was speaking to inexperienced and unskilled men

483E and to thos8 who needed to be led on by the.e means. For theT were 80

aimple that even atter all thia. theT stood in need ot much explanation.

Where now are the chUdren ot the Greeks? Let them learn the

power ot Christ when they S8e the truth of the event8. And for two

56 reasons let them adore him: both beeause he toretold 110 great a thing

484A and beeause he fultilled it. For it is he who put pDW'lr in the leaven.

For this reason he also mixed those who believe in him with the multi­

tude, that 'We U7 share our knowledge with others. Let no one then find

tault with our small numbers. For great is the power ot the Gospel, and

what has onee been leavened becomes in turn leaven tor the rest. And

just as a spark, whenever it seizes on wood, causes the parts alread7

kindled to swell the flame and thus attacks the rest, 80 too the Gospel

works in this S8me 'Way. But he did not speak ot tire but ot leaven_

Why did he do this? Because in that case the whole does not cOllle trom

the tire but also from the wood that has been Id.ndled; but in this case

the leaven etfects the Whole by itselt.

But it twelve men leavened the whole world, think how great our

4841 wickedness is in that, though we are 80 numerous, we are not able to

sst right those who remain, when we should be sutticient to be leaven

tor ten thousand worlds. "But they," someone mq say. "were apostles."

And what does this mean? Did not they share the same things as you?

Were they not reared in cities? Did they not enjoy the same things?

Did the)" not practise trade." For the)" were not ani~s, were they?

Th.,. did not COIle down trom heaven, did they? "But," he sqs, "theT

had. signs." The sigft@,,; did not make them admirable. How long shall

we use those wondrous deeds as cloaks tor our negligence? (Q)s8rve

that the choir ot the saints did not shine with such miracles.] For

484C Mn1' who even caD out devils, since they had done evil.. did not becoae

admirable, but rather were punished. Now what then.. one ma:r 88.1' J

showed them to be great? Their contempt for v>iealth, their looking

down on glory. their being tree from \forldl:r affairs. Since I 1£ theT

did not have these qualities but were slaves of their paseiona, even it

they raised ten thousand dead, not orJ.y would they not have done any

good, but they would ha.ve been considered to be deceivers. Thus it is

their lite" so resplendent on all sides, which attractv the grace ot

the Hpirit.

What sort ot sign did John perform that he attached to himself so

484D many cities? In proot that he was no -wonder worker, hear the eva.."lgal18 ;

who says, "John pi::ri'oVlnsd no sign. n4 For what was Elias a.dmirable?

'lIas it not from his bold 3p~ch to the king? Was it not from his zeal.

for God? WIll.8 it not from his poverty? \vas it not ftem his sheepskin,

his cave and his l!lOuntains? For he performed all. hit'! sigl1s after these

things. And as for Job" what sort of sign did he perform that the de­

vil was a5tound~u on seeing it? No sign but a lite ~nich shone and

which displayed an endurance firmer than adamant. Itlhat sort ot sign

did David perform, while he was still 1'01.\ll&, 60 that God. said, ItI

4S4E have found David, the son of Jesse, a man atter TII¥ own heart .,,5 What

dead body did Abraham and Isaac and Jacob raise? \ibat leper did they

cleanse? Do you not know that, unless vie are Bober and restrained,

signe are frequently harmtul. Thus ma.ny of the Corinthians ,.;ere se­

vered from each other. Thus many of the Romana l05t their senaeo.. Th ..

485A Simon was cast out. Thus the man who desired to follow Christ was

rejected &8 unfit atter he heard, "The foses have their holes ... 6 FGr

'Acts 13. 22 6Mt, 8. 20

each ot these men fell away and perished, the one aiming at the wealth

and the other at the glory that came from signs. Care tor onefe lite

and love of virtue not merely do not give birth to suoh a de~ir. but

even destroy it when it exaits.

And when Christ was making laws for his disoiples _ what did he sq

"Perform signs that men J1JIiq seft them?" Not at all. But what did he s. "Let your Itght shine betore men that they may see your good works and

48,B 7 that they JJ1IiJ.T glorif7 your tather who is in heaven. tr And he did not

8q to Peter, ft If you love me, pertorm signs," but "Peed my sheep. lIS

And since he everywhere honors him. with James and J.obn above the others,

for what reason, I ask, did he do so? F~r their signs? But all alike

cleansed the lepers and raised the dead, for he gave thie power to all

alike. For wh&t reason then did these have the advantage? Beoause of

the virtue of their souls. Do you see that everywhere there is need of

a good manner of living and of the proof from worK.? "For by their

fruits," he saye, "you shall know them. t,9 What then commends our life?

4850 Is it a display of signs or 1s it the perfection of a good way of life1

It is quite evident that it is the second. The signs have both their

origin in the way of lite and have their end in it.. For he that displ

an excellent manner of lite, draws to him.:elt this grace, and he that

take. this grace takes it for the purpoae of rectifying the manner of

life of other.. For this reason did Christ work his signs. in order

that, having appeared to be worthy of belief and having drawn men to

7)ft 5. 16 8 In 21. 16 9Mt, 7. 16

59 himself t he might bring virtue into our manner of lite. 'lheretore also

he puts the greater emphasis on the manner ot lite. For he is not. sa­

tistied. with signs alone, but he also threaten. hell and promises the

4SSD kingdom. and 1.,.. down tho 8e startling laws and undertakes everything

for his object, that he u;y make us equal to the angels. Now why' do I

sq' that Christ doe. everything for this reason? For, tell me, if

someone gave you the power to raise dead men in his name or to die for

his name, which would you rather choo.e? Is it not evident that you

would choose the latter. But the former is a sign, the latter a good

deed.

CHAPTER Ii

COMMENTARY

41SQD. ~th in its readings in this pericope and in its continuation ot

the perieope to the end of v. 30, au is in agreaent with H. It does not ae_

poasible to d4termine clearly whether or not the pericope or1ginall.7 included

all ot v. 30 J but au does provide valuable confirmation tor the extended ver­

aion~ which ia also found in H, in one of the Moscow codices cited bl Matthel,

and in the Armenian veraion. The variants round in this pericope are ot no

substantive sign1.f'lcance and can onl7 be judged in the light ot one's general

est1mate ot the value of' t.he manuscripts 't.hat give them.

) "" {,-

1t8OD4. d (/ T"Y oould 8as117 have been corrupted to till T {,l/ bl a

scribe who read the word with 1'1 r / i/ •

occurs perhaps beoause of' a reminiscence of' Nt 1.3. 10.

where the second person is used.

480E2. / tf'tJ/ E~ tits better with the reference to T OV (

in the following sentence and with the use of the singular «() in the parable. It mal, however, have been inserted tor precuel,. those

reasons.

61

is required it the sentence is not to becOlU

incoherent and grammatically inconsistent. It could easily bave beeri changecl I

to )1111. f £ I r,( r £ l . b7 a scribe who tooit this clause as coordinate wi t.h the

first part of the sentence.

~ , 480E4. f. 111 X £ If t() v 1/ tJ V /11{ is a blunder. but it does confirm. the

/ &ccunti ve here and tbus G against H and X.

) ....... J -4-BOES. ()(l/ T1J se ... preferable to dll Trf , given the word's posi-

/') /

t.!.oJ4lLfter 11' 'A !tv II II V Y r t(

481.All. The reading found in Guelterbrtanus .eema preferable, despit.e its

;tague and invol v~ style. It i. much more likely to bave been 81mplitied to

j the reading given b7 'ield than to have been inserted.

\ { .... 481B4. Td [dv Tou is the proper reading. It ls found in K and ls

\ ( --,..... " suppoJtt,ed b7 the occurenee ot TII/ f' "v If)(/ 111 QuJ 1101/,;;4 If' d£! /,tlTe(

in au is probab17 a gloss.

glves much ~e better SeDse.

( \.

~D4. 01 is omitted in both G and au and should be omitted; r~f then

is 111 i~s natural. po.ition and should be read with Gu.

#tS1DS. Here is the first case or a substantial addition to the t!Xiteul ff \1 ' ~ ..

r

62 FICept. in Qu. In thls caae, the addltion, whlch ls the nature ot a paren-

thetical remark, tits in well enough with its surrouadinga. However, thia

remark is best looked on as a gloss which has crept into the text. J otherwise,

it lt ls accepted into the text; its absence in other manuscripts is hard. to

explain.

is well attested and gives much the better senae. The

4emonatrative is needed here atter the interruption in the train ot thought I . j "caused by the quotation trom. the Scriptural text.

" '"' 48lE4. T()v Z 017111 VtJ( V might well be a gloes, but it is hard. to eee ) ., Jt'. I) ;} \

w117 a ecribe would insert. tI rill." p £1 () ~ £ II{ tl T () V • Explicit reterence / ) fJ \

; to Satan brings out the signiticance and the paradox ot calling him f X 1)11 () V' ,1 ~

q' VU f IU Tf 01/ • "He calla satan h1meelt a hostUe man .11 The U8e ot

~ l' u/ V;' r ~ tr I q( l in the orators may auggest the traditional image ot

Satan &8 accuser (L7aias 98.14, Demosthenes ,,'.26). Jfowever, either text

1s satietacto1'7. The interpolation, it any, wae well done.

482A,. The dative baa good manuscript support and 1a 1IlOre likely to be

corrupted than the accuaative.

48214. The t1r8t part ot the quotation from Mt 1, .29-30 as given in au. 10188 probably dropped because it was not in accordance with the text ot Matthew

tound at the beginning ot the hom1l.7.

63

482BS. The readS Dg in Guelt.rb7taDua ..... to be no _re th8ft 8ft awkwarcl

expana10n ot the or.1g1nal text. Th. tinal tJ, tV t;vd': (.w.)d. •• tl"07' what ..... r

.enae it had.

482l11. j{Dl; d""t/II {'''IT-rj PElf 4~;rf~fldi i. anoth.r exnpl. ot Qut.

taedencT to amplitT the text.. U'"v { 11 r 1{ rl J i. not a word appropriate to the

violence which alone 1. directlT tol"1b1d.d.8I'l 1ft th1. pa ......

\ J' 482BlO. 71"(--< ToC! IC(flftJ 71/(/ i. a mi.placed. glo •• , which ahould.

~ ) \. ') \

precede tftl vliA.r 11ft! T#vJ' it it come. arqwhere. r/tt'YTd f DlV TIJt/f , ~ ) \

givea by Gu, i. preterabl. to lid IITttJf p(t/ TIJt/s , which probab1;y cllle in J ,-

becauee ot contuaion with 4 1/ Iii(' T U/ l. '!'he p...... in bracket. i. an

interpolation tound. only in au. Introduction ot AnT turther reason. tor tole­

ratiDa tha d.arnel expre"l7 contradict. the author'. etat...at that there are

two IN.8h reaaou. The inaenion appeara to have been made by an editor an­

xiou. to v1nd.icate ChrTao.t.oa'. po.ition againat BIl7 char,e. ot .ottn ••• on

heretica.

....] .1' 4S2C2. T?J S Ii vJ;x. )1 ()tllJ tr ( III f i. an interpolation ch&racterietic ot tb

thi. text whoae editor was anxiOUl to .pecif7 vque or general retennce ••

482C3-Dl. Cb.z7ao.toa·. attitude on "pre •• 1on ot heretic ..... aa.,.ere

and. incorrect to ua todayJ hOW'f'lr, 1t i. 1aportant to remeaber that Chr,rao.­

tom and. hi. conteporarie. had growJl up in a world. in which political coercion

ot religious d!ssident8''W~accepted &8 a matter of course. Chrysoatom's co ....

ments here are perhaps a detense of the repressive legislation imposed by the

~l"Or Theodosiua, whose religious policy has been thus summarized by Philip

Hugh.s:

From t.he beginning Theodosius was definite. The long domination of the little clique of Arian bishops, in whose intluenc. at court 1&1 the real cause of the trouble., came to an end. Catholicism was treed; and security for its future provided in the first code tor the repression ot her • .., •••• The dhurches ot heretics of ever" s.ct, Anomeans, Arians, Apollinarians, Macedonia.ns, are to be con­fiscated and handed over to the Catholic.. Heretical assembliu are forbidden and heretics lose aU power ot mald.ng wills or in­bert \1ng • Six times in the next fifteen Tears these laws are renewed ..

Chry80stom t S attitude here 18 pareJ.led by the willingness of St. Augustine to

use coercive measures against the Donatists.1

"'" 482CS. The reading in au, even if it represents a corruption ot T,"'l 7 W", ei r f £ T 1/f;;)1/ ; If I , P() j if , is probab17 another gloss which the

editor, in his amdet1 tor clarity, bas put in the text.

482C6.. Yet another explanatory interpolation in Gu.. The editor may well

have telt uncomfortable about Chr"soetom'. doctrine. He se .. to have beea

partlcularlT &DXious to make it clear that this doctrine 1a no wq countenanc.

the eT.U ot here..,.

48209 • Here we have yet another example of the ad! tor t s desire to spell

65 everything out.

, ,. 482010. t r t( tJ 1f T f I V ie comparatively rare, but it givee a good

een •• ("thwart," "block"), and ite corruption can ea81ly be explained. The ) "

fom a8 given in au i8 E ¥ /fO liTE {I/.

482Cll. fT 71 () V / i 5 ("pacta, It "leaguee"), thoup 80MVhat indet1n1 te

in it. meaning, ie the preferable re&d1Dg. It "lIJlq' refer either to pacta of

toleration between the .tate and heretical aects or at le •• t to legal recog­

nition of euch .ecte, or perbap. to compact. ex1ating among the h.retloa.

482m. !hi. 11 plainly a gloat put in b,. aoaeone who thought the aen-

teno. unc18&l".

)

482D,. The reading in Field (without £ IS) i. more likel,. to be co~

ted than that in Gu, which Seem8 to be a correction to harmonize with text. ot

Matthew above.

482D7 • Guelferbytanue here eupports the correction of G and Field in " ) \

readi.nB /r.vll .,ainet G, H, end MoniJraucon and supports Field in reading til/TOY ~ / ) , ') \

KI / T 1J 1/ should precede '(11 To 1/ as in Field, since'" {/ T()v lIOuld more natw-j -.. ,

rall7 be changed to riv Tv/Vatter Iff IT, V than betore it.

482E6. The readina in au was pl"Obabl.7 altered to harJBon1z. with the

text ot Matthew tound at the bea1nninl ot the hom1l.7. See note on 482DS above

66 /

483A5. The tirst rr" (, in Field mar have been inserted in an ettort to / ~/

make it clear that 101£ s was the .ubject ot F 0& t/ r« l rather than ot

)i rf,//o-l •

') /

483BlO. & V £, f( I II It V i8 the torm found Mt 13.33. The pretix i. more

likely to be omitted than inserted.

(/

483Bll. A glo.s explicating the meaning ot I( (J r 7 has been incorporated

into the text.

483C3. The tirst part of the variant given bY' au is another gloss, which "(/ "

the editor included to explain the elliptical J( Ii l 0101 P" 1/ t/ e r I V • ,) II' ~,) I

The MCOne! part, Elf 710A,A 1/11' TIff) ".JIllI V f v"flllV, belongs with t.h. \

tollowiDg MIltenc.. Th. position of rtf mak .. it clear that this .econe!

part is al.o a gloss.

48304. Here i. another example of the need ot the editor ot au to till

out ellip ••••

48)01. Th. extended variant liven here bY' au. is a theological. interpola­I

tion out ot character tor Clu7eoatoa. It we can presurae that d;!wwa. 0ri&1-(I

nal.l7 OV r uJ ,then the .cribe of GuelterbytanUl or its archet1P8 apparent

11' read the preceding clause a. a que.tion rath.r than as a parenthetical (I '"

reurk and brought in the interpolation (j) {" 1f f f . . . 7f V { (/)/0( u a paral.-( '( ""' //)

~t/TtJ/ U (If If'£ l$"tr~trC7£ •

67

48.3D4. 'l'here is a !Second Christologit"al interpolation in Guelf'erbyt,anua

at this point. Like the previous one in 483Dl, it oceurs between tl1e member.

of' an extended comparison; it 111 probably from the same source &8 the inter­

polation 1n MUD and :f'rom a different source than the t\1I5S7 correctiOuo :;.;:nd

simplifications found in 482C2-Dl.

,... -4S3DS. The reading in au (without TotJ To ) 1$ clear enough; T()(IT{I

1s ltlOre l1k~~y to have been inserted in order to supply a subject for

(f V f! tr/ " f To( t than dropped.

49308. The readina in OQ i8 plainly a glosa explanator:r ot T ~ {7~ JJ;, which has r~ther awkwardly been inserted into the text.

J' 4831>8. Fielcl'a reading, ~/'J£, should be reta:1ned.; for it is more to the

point here : it 18 Christ t a usags which 18 in quef't1on, not that ?f Chr7sostoa

and his auditors.

/ 4S3E4. The reading in 1Ju, lvvo()l1 V , is a ea.se of dittograph7.

49.3E4. The reading in Ou 1s badly muddled; a verb or two seeD to haTe

disappea.!'ed.

/

484A4. If Or;; 'f' is probably another bit of explanation that editor'

of auelterhytanu8 has incorporatE!d into the text.

}

484.All. Field t a r.ading ( E I

preterred to that ot Guelterbytanu8

68

),,' :/1I1/t.Vtllt t!a:/[' /fa() ahould b.

(6/d£ ;:'v#tll/!1tlt ~; J u/ tJ E /1'q'.)

tor three re.BOlla. Firat, there is no reason to use the demonstrat1 ve here,

ainc. the Apostles are not reterred to in 'What has gone be~ore. Second, ) /

f V II' () '1 tr IJ 1/ ~ in Guelterb7t;anus, lacks a particle to oonnect it with the

precedin.g independent clause, whereas in Field it is the apodos1a ot the con-) f~ ~1

dition. Third, 'if #f was probably corrupted to O{tT[ because ot the proximit7

ot ;:'VPfIUTllJi ;';'J(/(o( and the scribe's tailure to read the •• ntenc.

through to the end. The p~ preceding d;Jf/(gf was then inaert.ed to "pl.a­

riae the po.ition ot ;~/€ /fa( •

48412. The re&d.in& in Guelt.rb)'tanus ..... to b. an un8uccea.tul attanpt

to improve the r.ad.in& given bl Field.'. Jll8DU8cripta. The ...... 1. involved

and liable to corruption.

4848,. The reading in GuelterbrtaDua 1. clear enough, but it is doubtful

whether a reterenc. to the Christian JI.I1'Bteri •• is appropriate h.re, where the

point at ian. 1s the ordinary humaait7 ot the Apostl •••

484B9 • This .entenc. tit. verT·rwel.l with the text, but manuscript author! IT tor it i8 lacking.

I 1)') /'

48403. T ( if or tJ (/ v f r T L ia more likely to be corrupted. too -z:-t.

/ () ;; 10 f U"' TIl/than the reYere.. T ();; Tf) more normal.lT retera to .at

J)reced.. than to 'What tollow ••

69 48486-9. The •• two .entence. have been recopied at the bottom or the

colwm in which they occur in a hand probably or the .eventh century.. The

original had probablT become dim at an early date .. though lt can be read even

now. The or1g1nal reading wae copled exact17.

484010. It 18 natural that there .hould ha..,. been a glo.. at the n.r.t

aentlon or John; and thl. haa been incorporated into the text .. thou.gh not 1D ~- I

It. natural po.ltion, which would be atter 1 uJo( v 1/ ~ f •

484010. A later hand.. probably or the ninth or tenth cent1ll7.. baa cor­

rected. the or1c1nal text or au here.

/

484!17 • V T'i f f () J r

ls found with either tl59 or three terminations.

(f Tt f(~ T £/ Oil

'" 484E6. The scrlbe or Guelrerbytanue apparentlT took TP(/

with ; dl !-"I~rdf rather than with : IfP~tJv' f:"f~(/a'L •

486.&4. In view or the rrequellq or 1I1terpolations in Gue1.terbytanus, lt .

..... unwise to accept thia phrase into the text.

48S88. Th1e 1s an interpolation or a1llilar type to that 111 48SA4. Per-.,

hap. lt was in .. rte({ in order to a"l'Old tJIJ.7 suspiclon or Pilaa1an1aa.

48Sc) • Oa.elrerbltanu.a here lends decl.i..,e 8Upport to Reg. 688 and give.

70

a read1Dg trOll. which the two o'l.ner readinp can easily be deriTed, i~ 7t')tJ~ being e&8117 eli.-placed Ol" om1tted because of ita terminal position.

I

48'04. 1'1/'; baa b.. added in t.he i~ Jl&rg1n of the lIl8I1u80ript, in

a hamt ....uer than the or1&1nal but of the s_ ,Wleral. Vpe.

/

48'cn.o. 7jl/fPf is probably a gloss.

"',1)2. ~fI«J T£JUdVJ probab17 began its career u a gl088 OIl ) / 1

I r« rr'" (}i/I ,)Wb1oh the,80ribe M7 haft telt it n80"8&17 to explain.

It then auppllantecl I III J rc AIV f in the text..

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,AfPIQYAL SUET

The th.sis submitted by John P. Langan IS. r. has

been r.ad and approved by three members of the Depart­

ment of Clas.lcal Stu41e ••

The final coples have been examined by the director

of the the.'s and the .1gnatur. which appears below

verWe. the fact that any Rece •• vy change. have been

incorporated, and that the th •• l. 1. now given final

approval with reference to content, form, and mechan1ca1

accuracy.

The the.i. 1. theref •• accepted in partlal fulf111ment

of the requirement. fot the Degree of Master of Art ••