The Surgeon General’s The Surgeon General’s Report:Report:

Physical Activity and HealthPhysical Activity and Health

Joey NunanJoey Nunan

Kin 470Kin 470

November 11 2005November 11 2005

The Surgeon General ReportThe Surgeon General Report

People who are usually inactive can People who are usually inactive can improve their health and well-being by improve their health and well-being by becoming even moderately active on a becoming even moderately active on a regular basis.regular basis.

Physical activity need not be strenuous to Physical activity need not be strenuous to achieve health benefits.achieve health benefits.

Greater health benefits can be achieved by Greater health benefits can be achieved by increasing the amount (duration, increasing the amount (duration, frequency, or intensity) of physical activity.frequency, or intensity) of physical activity.

Source: Nutrition, Exercise, & Wellness UpdateSource: Nutrition, Exercise, & Wellness Update

Activity on the decline in Activity on the decline in Adolescents and Young AdultsAdolescents and Young Adults

Half of the American youths, aged 12-Half of the American youths, aged 12-21 years are not vigorously active on a 21 years are not vigorously active on a regular basis.regular basis.

Inactivity during leisure time is to blameInactivity during leisure time is to blame People now watch Television instead of People now watch Television instead of

being outsidebeing outside

Source: Physical Activity and HealthSource: Physical Activity and Health

The Decline of Physical Activity The Decline of Physical Activity with the Increase of Agewith the Increase of Age

Almost 2/3 (64%) of American adults are Almost 2/3 (64%) of American adults are overweight or obese (123 million overweight or obese (123 million people).people).

U.S. deaths from poor diet and physical U.S. deaths from poor diet and physical inactivity account for 17% of total inactivity account for 17% of total deaths in the U.S. deaths in the U.S.

Source: Presidents Council Physical Fitness and sportSource: Presidents Council Physical Fitness and sport

                           

                                 

Health Consequences of Poor Diet and Health Consequences of Poor Diet and

Physical InactivityPhysical Inactivity

Leads to chronic diseases and health Conditions Leads to chronic diseases and health Conditions

Heart diseaseHeart disease

High blood pressureHigh blood pressure

Type 2 diabetesType 2 diabetes

Some cancers, including colon cancerSome cancers, including colon cancer

StrokeStroke

Chronic pulmonary disease (bronchitis, emphysema, asthma)Chronic pulmonary disease (bronchitis, emphysema, asthma)

Anxiety and depressionAnxiety and depression

Sources: Exercise PhysiologySources: Exercise Physiology

Long Term Benefits of Physical Long Term Benefits of Physical ActivityActivity

Decreases Risk of Heart Disease Decreases Risk of Heart Disease Inactive people are 2 times more likely to Inactive people are 2 times more likely to

develop develop coronary artery disease then active are coronary artery disease then active are Decreases Blood PressureDecreases Blood Pressure

High blood pressure increases the risk of High blood pressure increases the risk of heart heart disease, strokes, and kidney disease. disease, strokes, and kidney disease.

Decreases Body FatDecreases Body FatRegular physical activity helps maintain Regular physical activity helps maintain

optimal body optimal body weight and composition.weight and composition.

Source: Benefits of ExerciseSource: Benefits of Exercise

Short Term BenefitsShort Term Benefits

Relaxes and RevitalizesRelaxes and RevitalizesPhysical activity reduces mental and Physical activity reduces mental and muscular tension, and at the same muscular tension, and at the same

time, time, increases concentration and increases concentration and energy level.energy level.

A Break From Daily Routine and A Break From Daily Routine and WorriesWorries

Physical activity is like a mini vacation Physical activity is like a mini vacation make it funmake it fun

Helps You Feel Good About YourselfHelps You Feel Good About YourselfPhysical activity increases your self-Physical activity increases your self-esteem and self-confidenceesteem and self-confidence

Economic CostsEconomic Costs

75% (estimated) of the $1.4 trillion U.S. 75% (estimated) of the $1.4 trillion U.S. health care budget is directly linked to health care budget is directly linked to treating chronic diseases, many related to treating chronic diseases, many related to physical inactivity and poor nutrition. physical inactivity and poor nutrition.

Annual cost of obesity: $117 billion Annual cost of obesity: $117 billion

Annual cost of type 2 diabetes: $132 billion.Annual cost of type 2 diabetes: $132 billion.

Sources: Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and sportsSources: Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and sports

What Can We Do to Promote What Can We Do to Promote Physical ActivityPhysical Activity

Make more sidewalks and pathways Make more sidewalks and pathways thru the townthru the town

Create new programs where physical Create new programs where physical activity is involvedactivity is involved

Provide access to facilities that enable Provide access to facilities that enable safe participation in physical activitysafe participation in physical activity

Provide a range of extracurricular Provide a range of extracurricular programsprograms

Types of Physical ActivitiesTypes of Physical Activities Walking Walking Riding a bikeRiding a bike SwimmingSwimming Yard WorkYard Work Cleaning the houseCleaning the house Dancing Dancing Playing sportsPlaying sports Lifting weights Lifting weights

Sources: Physical Activity and healthSources: Physical Activity and health

How Much Activity is NeededHow Much Activity is Needed

ADULTS ADULTS 30 T 60 minutes a day 30 T 60 minutes a day 3 to 5 times a week3 to 5 times a week

CHILDRENCHILDREN

60 or more minutes a day60 or more minutes a day

3 to 5 times a week3 to 5 times a week

Benefits for AdultsBenefits for Adults

Men and women of all ages benefit from a Men and women of all ages benefit from a moderate amount of daily physical activitymoderate amount of daily physical activity

Additional health benefits can be gained Additional health benefits can be gained through greater amounts of physical activitythrough greater amounts of physical activity

Can reduce the risk of chronic health Can reduce the risk of chronic health problems (heart disease, diabetes, or problems (heart disease, diabetes, or obesity)obesity)

Physical activity does not have to be Physical activity does not have to be strenuous to achieve health benefitsstrenuous to achieve health benefits

Sources: Physical Activity and HealthSources: Physical Activity and Health

Inactivity for AdultsInactivity for Adults

More than 60% of adults do not engage in More than 60% of adults do not engage in recommended physical activityrecommended physical activity

25% of U.S. adults are not active at all25% of U.S. adults are not active at all Physical inactivity is more common in: Physical inactivity is more common in:

women than men, African Americans and women than men, African Americans and Hispanic adults than whites, older than Hispanic adults than whites, older than younger adults, and less affluent than younger adults, and less affluent than more affluent peoplemore affluent people

Sources: Physical Activity and HealthSources: Physical Activity and Health

Physical Activity in Older AdultsPhysical Activity in Older Adults

Physical Activity need not be strenuous to Physical Activity need not be strenuous to achieve health benefits.achieve health benefits.

Can obtain significant health benefits with a Can obtain significant health benefits with a moderate amount of physical activity preferably moderate amount of physical activity preferably dailydaily

Sedentary older adults should start with short Sedentary older adults should start with short intervals of moderate physical activity maybe5-intervals of moderate physical activity maybe5-10 minutes at a time10 minutes at a time

Source: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health PromotionSource: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion

Inactivity in Older AdultsInactivity in Older Adults

47% of adults ages 65 to 74 are inactive 47% of adults ages 65 to 74 are inactive Reduced physical activity can aid in the Reduced physical activity can aid in the

loss of strength and staminaloss of strength and stamina Inactivity increases with ageInactivity increases with age Most popular activities among adults 65 Most popular activities among adults 65

years of older are walking, gardening, years of older are walking, gardening, or yard workor yard work

Source: Physical activity and health Source: Physical activity and health

Benefits of Physical Activity in Benefits of Physical Activity in Older AdultsOlder Adults

Maintain the ability to live independently Maintain the ability to live independently Reduces the risk of falling and fracturing bonesReduces the risk of falling and fracturing bones Reduce blood pressure with hypertensionReduce blood pressure with hypertension Helps people with chronic, disabling conditions Helps people with chronic, disabling conditions

improve their stamina and muscle strengthimprove their stamina and muscle strength Reduces symptoms of anxiety and depressionReduces symptoms of anxiety and depression Maintain healthy bones, muscles, and jointsMaintain healthy bones, muscles, and joints Control joint swelling and pain associated with Control joint swelling and pain associated with

arthritisarthritis Reduces risk of dying from coronary heart Reduces risk of dying from coronary heart

disease, high blood pressure, colon cancer, and disease, high blood pressure, colon cancer, and diabetesdiabetes

Sources: Benefits of exerciseSources: Benefits of exercise

Physical Activity in WomenPhysical Activity in Women

Physical activity need to be strenuous to Physical activity need to be strenuous to achieve health benefitsachieve health benefits

Women of all ages benefit from moderate Women of all ages benefit from moderate amounts of physical activityamounts of physical activity

Additional health benefits can be gained Additional health benefits can be gained through greater amounts of physical activitythrough greater amounts of physical activity

The emphasis on moderate amounts of The emphasis on moderate amounts of physical activity makes it possible to vary physical activity makes it possible to vary activities to meet individual needs, activities to meet individual needs, preferences, and life circumstancespreferences, and life circumstances

Sources: Physical Activity and HealthSources: Physical Activity and Health

Inactivity in Women Inactivity in Women

60% of U.S. women do not engage in 60% of U.S. women do not engage in the recommended amount of physical the recommended amount of physical activityactivity

25% of U.S. women are not active at all25% of U.S. women are not active at all Physical inactivity is more common Physical inactivity is more common

among women than menamong women than men

Sources: Physical Activity and HealthSources: Physical Activity and Health

Benefits of Physical Activity for Benefits of Physical Activity for WomenWomen

Reduces the risk of dying from coronary heart Reduces the risk of dying from coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, colon cancer, and disease, high blood pressure, colon cancer, and diabetesdiabetes

Maintains healthy bones, muscles, and jointsMaintains healthy bones, muscles, and joints Helps control weight, build lean muscle, and Helps control weight, build lean muscle, and

reduce body fatreduce body fat Helps control joint swelling and pain with arthritisHelps control joint swelling and pain with arthritis Enhance the effect of estrogen replacement Enhance the effect of estrogen replacement

therapy in decreasing bone loss after menopausetherapy in decreasing bone loss after menopause Reduces symptoms of anxiety and depressionReduces symptoms of anxiety and depression Can reduce blood pressure with hypertensionCan reduce blood pressure with hypertension

Sources: Physical Activity and Health Sources: Physical Activity and Health

Every day I am bombardedIn each direction that I turn

By those who claim that EXERCISECauses flab to crash and burn!I did jumping jacks and sit ups

Went out and bought that darn machineThe one that guarantees in 30 days

I'd be trim and fit and lean...I put it in the extra room

That we affectionately call the "gym"With all the other paraphernaliaThat will one day make me slim!

Ab mats for doing crunchesA small tramp to run in place

That awful, go-nowhere pedaling bikeThat only leaves me red of face!

I have workout clothes and sweat bandsEven a "get-fit" coffee cup!

But that scale hasn't budged an inchSo, I'm on the verge of giving up!I've just about convinced myself

That it's true what some folks say...You have heard it too......Eat Right!

Get Fit? Die anyway!!

This is a poem That IThis is a poem That I

saw. It makes me thinksaw. It makes me think

of what people thinkof what people think

exercise has to be.exercise has to be.

Exercise does not have to be a Exercise does not have to be a strenuous dreadful thing it can be strenuous dreadful thing it can be fun and life fulfilling. So go out and fun and life fulfilling. So go out and find a way to live your life to the find a way to live your life to the extreme.extreme.