The Subjunctive with Expressions of Emotion

• El subjuntivo is used after expressing “I’m happy” or “I’m sad,” as well as many other expressions of emotions. More of these expressions can be found on your vocab list from U2 E3.

• Ejemplos: • Ojalá que llegues pronto = I hope/hopefully you arrive soon.• Me alegro de que te guste la pelicula. = I’m happy that you like

the movie.• Espero que podamos hacer algo pronto. = I hope that we

can do something soon.• • You can use either the present subjunctive or the present perfect

subjunctive after present tense expressions of emotion. The present subjunctive refers to present or future time, whereas the present perfect subjunctive refers to the past.

•

• Formula: • Present emotion + que + present subjunctive • Es triste que veamos tanta contaminación.=• It’s sad that we see so much pollution. • Present emotion + que + present perfect subjunctive

(have) • Es triste que hayamos visto tanta contaminación. = • It’s sad that we’ve seen/we saw so much pollution.• (present) (pres. perfect for past feeling)

There are 2 parts of the sentence: main clause and dependent clause.• If the first one is “present” the next one can only be present or

present perfect.• Can’t mix past and present in the same sentence! “It is not certain that the students attended the class.” (what’s wrong with this sentence?) • SHOULD BE “It is not certain that the students have attended the class.)

Present present perfect (subjunctive)(main clause) (dependent clause)

• CANNOT BE present in one half of the sentence and PAST in the next!

NOOO!!!

• For now, all of your subjunctive triggers will be in present tense because the only subjunctive you have learned is the present subjunctive (coman) and present perfect subjunctive (hayan comido).

•

• First, fix these sentences from “improper” English to standard English, then write them in Spanish.

1.I hope (that) you saw the movie.______________________________________________________________________________2.I’m sad that you sat on a toucan.______________________________________________________________________________

What we say incorrectly in English = I hope you ordered pizza today.What we SHOULD say in English = I hope you have ordered pizza today.

WHY?I hope = present you order = present subjunctive (subjunctive b/c emotionI hope = present you have ordered =

present PERFECT (subjunctive b/c emotion)

Ejemplos:

Ojalá que puedan ir a la fiesta mañana. = I hope that they can go to the party tomorrow. Siento que no haga buen tiempo. = I’m sorry that the weather is not good.Siento que no haya hecho buen tiempo = I’m sorry that the weather has not been/was not good.

Ex: ustedes / llegar a tiempo: Espero que ustedes lleguen a tiempo.1. ustedes / vestirse bien___________________________________________2.mis amigas / llegar temprano _________________________________________3.mi familia / traer el postre ___________________________________________4.ti / gustar la comida ______________________________________

5. usted / divertirse ________________________________________________________________6.mi primo / invitar a su novia ________________________________7.mis papás / bailar mucho _______________________________________8.el perro / comer suficiente ______________________________________

9.Me alegro de que las chicas ____________________(have returned) a la clase.10.Es triste _______________________(to contribute) a la contaminación.11. Ojalá que mi amigo __________________(to light/turn on) la linterna.12. Espero _____________(prepare) la comida pronto. 13. Espero que mi padre ________________(prepare) la leña.

14. I hope that the girl starts her homework! ________________________________________________________________15. The students hope that I don’t give a quiz. ________________________________________________________________16.I am sorry that you are sad. ________________________________________________________________17.I hope to arrive at 11. ________________________________________________________________

18.I am happy that you worked with a group. ________________________________________________________________19.I am sorry that I stole your book. ________________________________________________________________20.I am happy that you’ve read the book! ________________________________________________________________21. I am glad to be in class with you. ________________________________________________________________

22. I hope that it gets dark after 7 pm. ________________________________________________________________23. We hope to discover the cure. ________________________________________________________________24. I’m sorry that the hummingbirds have gone (irse). ________________________________________________________________

The Subjunctive with Expressions of Doubt and Uncertainty

• El subjuntivo is used after expressions of doubt and uncertainty such as the ones found in your vocab list from U2 E3.

Ejemplos: Dudo que tus primos quieran acampar con nosotros. = I doubt that your cousins want to camp with us (We can’t say quieren, because that implies they definitely DO want, and we are uncertain in this case, which is why quieran, the subjunctive form, must be used).•

Quizá les interese la clase.= Maybe they will be interested in the class/ Maybe the class will interest them (Notice that the word “will” turns up when attempting to get the mood across in English. Not to be confused with the future tense!)

• No creo que Pedro haya visto un oso hormiguero en toda su vida.

• = I don’t think Pedro has seen /saw an anteater in his whole life.

Just like with expressing emotion, you can use either the present subjunctive or the present perfect subjunctive after expressions of doubt and uncertainty. The present subjunctive refers to present or future time, whereas the present perfect subjunctive refers to the past.

Present doubt / uncertainty + que + present subjunctive

Dudo que saques buenas notas. I doubt that you get good grades. Present doubt / uncertainty + que + present perfect subjunctive (have) Dudo que hayas sacado buenas notas. I doubt that you got/have gotten good grades.

No es cierto que Julieta llame a Romeo. = It’s not true that Juliet calls Romeo.No es cierto que Julieta haya llamado a Romeo. = It’s not true that Juliet has called/ called Romeo. • Normalmente, NO usamos el subjuntivo después de éstas

expresiones: No dudo que• Creo que• Es cierto que• Es verdad que• Es seguro que• No niego que¿Por qué? _____________________________________________

Inténtalos!1. No creo que las mariposas __________________(vivir) solamente en el bosque.2. Dudo que el ecoturismo _______________________( resolver) todos los problemas ecológicas. 3. No es seguro que los monos _____________________(tener) características parecidas a los humanos. 4. No es verdad que la reina _________________________ (ser) perfecta.5. No creo que las serpientes ___________________________(comer) peces en los ríos. 6. No es cierto que las ballenas _______________________ (saber) cocinar bien.

Una Mezcla:7. Es verdad que los estudiantes _________________ (estudiar) mucho.8. No es cierto que la chica __________________(practicar) deportes.9. Dudamos que tu familia _____________________(viajar) a España. 10. No creo que ustedes _________________________ (embellecer) la ciudad.11Niego que las chicas _________________________(pertenecer) al grupo de voluntarios

1. I don’t think he ran to school.____________________________________________________________2. I believe that he discovered the butterfly. _________________________________________________________________3. We doubt that you want to leave. __________________________________________________________________4. I don’t doubt that you are telling the truth. _________________________________________________________________

5. I doubt that you lie to your parents. ___________________________________________________________6. I don’t think that his friend ate the entire cake. ________________________________________________________________7. You doubt that I know your cousin? ____________________________________________________________8. I doubt you’ve gone to Spain. ____________________________________________________________