The Solaf Future II - Gert-Jan Jongerden
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Transcript of The Solaf Future II - Gert-Jan Jongerden
company confidential
Flexible light weight solar cell laminates:
Dr. Gert Jan Jongerden
Helianthos bv
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Helianthos – light weight flexible solar laminates
Our Star: the SUN
Thin Film Solar Cells
Light weight thin film solar laminates
Helianthos• Product & Technology• Application and Market• Next steps
Outlook and Conclusions Helianthos solar cells foil
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Our star: The SUN
• Solar irradiation
- On the earth surface ~ 1000 W/m2
- Irradiation 800 – 2500 kWh/m2.yr
- Capacity factor ~8000(= yearly irradiation/annual primary energy consumption)
- Even for medium eff. solar cells (9%) in Netherlands : 3500 kWh per year with < 50 m2 solar cells sufficient for an average household
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SOLAR ENERGY(direct conversion)
Solar Thermal= heat from sunlight
(solar collector)
Photovoltaic (PV) direct conversion of light into electricity
Concentrated Solar Power(CSP)
… in sunny deserts
wafer based cellsFlat plate & concentrator
Thin film PV solar modules(glass panels &
flexible laminates
Future technologiesnanolayers / ‘solar paint’
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electronhole
protective layer
TCO - transparent front contact
active layer
back contact
substrate
Thin film solar cells
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Thin film PV – a Darwinian sea with developing species
Thin Film Silicon a-Si/(µc-Si)
CdTe CIGS DSC & Organic PV
Eff. large area panels (1 m2)
Eff. potential
Record cells
(0.25 - 1 cm2)
a-Si single 5 - 8 %
Tandem* 8 – 12 %12%
a-Si 10 % tandem 13.4 %
triple 15%
9 – 12%
14%
16.5%
10 – 13%
16%
20.1%
3 – 6%
n.a.
12.1%
+ robust, abundant materials, costs
low costs efficiency low cost process (?)
? Efficiency
Cadmium
Te availability
Moisture sensitivityIn availability
Efficiency,stability/durability
Substrates of power modules
glassflexible
glass/glass glass/glassflexible
glass/glassflexible in dev.
TF Production 2009 (MW)
~500 1150 ~200 n.a.
2009: large area eff. of 9% achieved in production glass panels pilot record modules ~0.1 m2 up to 11% eff.
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Thin film PV – a Darwinian sea with developing species
Thin Film Silicon a-Si/(µc-Si)
CdTe CIGS DSC & Organic PV
Eff. large area panels (1 m2)
Eff. potential
Record cells
(0.25 - 1 cm2)
a-Si single 5 - 8 %
Tandem* 8 – 12 %12%
a-Si 10 % tandem 13.4 %
triple 15%
9 – 12%
14%
16.5%
10 – 13%
16%
20.1%
3 – 6%
n.a.
12.1%
+ robust, abundant materials, costs
low costs efficiency low cost process (?)
? Efficiency
Cadmium
Te availability
Moisture sensitivityIn availability
Efficiency,stability/durability
Substrates of power modules
glassflexible
glass/glass glass/glassflexible
glass/glassflexible in dev.
TF Production 2009 (MW)
~500 1150 ~200 n.a.
2009: large area eff. of 9% achieved in production glass panels pilot record modules ~0.1 m2 up to 11% eff.
Thin film Silicon PV will be a typical survivor
•Competitive kWh costs•Abundant materials•Development potential
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Helianthos solar cells foil
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Highly attractive for applications and markets requiring light weight and flexibility
Industrial roofs, BIPV(building integrated PV)
Mobile/ automotive
Functional textiles
Military/ outdoor
Consumer applications
Rural / remote habitation
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Objective: cost competitive solar electricity using integration in building materials and easy installation
Solar cell laminate products:
Roll-to-Roll production technology
Flexible & lightweight modules
Thin film silicon technology: abundant, robust
Pilot: a-Si single cells PV laminate
Future production: a-Si/µc-Si tandem cells PV laminate
kWh costs ↓
System Costs (€/Wp) ↓
Module costs ↓ + System integration costs ↓Cost * € /kWh
Module efficiency %
Helianthos
Today main solar tech c-Si wafer
Saving materials, continuous processes,simple installation & combining functions
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Nuon Helianthos – SMU located in Arnhem
Helianthos bvWestervoortsedijk 71k6827 AV Arnhem, The Netherlands+31 26 [email protected]
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Flexible Helianthos laminate:
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Flexible Helianthos laminate: >99% packaging
Transparent encapsulation
Transparent ConductorActive layer (a-Si/µc-Si)Metallic back contact
Carrier & encapsulation
~200 µm
~200 µm
+roofing
materials
~<2 µm
Energy pay back time: 0.8 – 1.3 yr
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TCO, textured SnO2 layer partially covered with thin film amorphous silicon solar cell layers
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Outdoor monitoring
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Very stable performance
Testing according to IEC 61646 Example: Damp heat test < 5% in 1000 hours 85 C, 85% RH Excellent behavior ~8% degradation in 8000 hours Our interest : unravelling operating mechanisms
Duration IEC test
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Increasing efficiency: Tandem
top cell (a-Si:H): 0.2 – 0.3 µm bottom cell (µc-Si:H): 1- 3 µm
Perspective large area efficiency 8 –12%
Stabilised (1000 hr)
Voc(V)
Jsc(mA/cm2)
FF Eff(%)stab.
LM32331 1.35 10.2 0.653 9.1
LM32331 1.37 10.3 0.647 9.1
Cell area 5 cm2
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Efficiency potential- modeling >15% cell eff.
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Value chain Helianthos PV-laminate
Helianthos PV-laminate
Helianthos installable products
Building Integrated PV
distribution installation
Helianthos light weight solar cell laminates address the large (separate) market of BIPV & industrial roofing
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Market development favorable for cost efficient rooftop and BIPV products
Source: EPIA , EUPD, Accelios
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Helianthos self-adhesive flexible solar cell foil for integration on:Bituminous roofing PVC/ TPO/ EPDM roofing Metal roofing panels
Various self adhesives (stick and peel), tuned and certified to be used in combination with different roofing materials and roofing materials manufacturers• with or without use of a roofing primer• on existing roofs with a good surface quality and > 25 years lifetime
expectancy or newly placed roofs• As a BIPV or BAPV system
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Helianthos’ next milestone is a production factory
• Next steps:
• achieve milestones
• attract investment partner
• gradual expansion to (tandem) volume production
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Summary
Light Weight flexible thin film solar laminates• Combining energy & building functions for competitive kWh costs
• Thin film silicon: a species with survival ‘genes’
Helianthos :• Proprietary roll-to-roll thin film silicon product & technology
• Product fit for volume market: BIPV/large roofs & integration
• Growth opportunity for value creation
• Preparing next step: inviting investment partner(s)Helianthos solar cells foil
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Endless energy from solar foil
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