The Skeletal System
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Transcript of The Skeletal System
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THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
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Fun Facts A giraffe has the same # of bones in the
neck as humans do Bones are 14% of your body weight Bone is 5x as strong as steel Most women and girls have smaller and
lighter skeletons than men and boys The female pelvis is wider than males Male’s growth plates harden at 18-21
years of age Female’s growth plates harden at 16-18
years of age
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How many bones does an adult body have?
206How many bones are babies born with?
350
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Largest bone?Femur: thigh bone
Shortest Bone?Stirrup: located in the ear
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Functions of the Skeletal system
1. Support2. Protection3. Movement4. Mineral storage5. Hematopoiesis (blood cell
formation)
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What’s in a bone? Bones, Muscles, and Joints
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Classification of BonesBones are identified by:
1. ShapeA. Long bonesB. Short bonesC. Flat bonesD. Irregular bones
2. Internal osseous tissuesA. Compact – dense and heavy; makes up hard outer surfaces of bones B. Spongy – very porous; typically surrounded by compact bone
3. Bone markings
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Shape: Long Bones Are typically longer then they are
wide As a rule they have a shaft with
heads at both ends Mostly compact bone All of the limbs (femur, tibia,
humerus), except the wrist and ankle bones.
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Shape: Long Bones
Diaphysis (long part): Covered by periosteum Sharpey’s Fibers secure
the periosteum to the underlying bone
Epiphysis (ends): Articulate with other bones Covered by Articular
cartilage
Metaphysis: Location where diaphysis
and epiphysis meet
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Shape: Flat Bones Are thin, flattened and
usually curved Have two thin layers of
compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them
Found in the skull, sternum, ribs, and scapula
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Shape: Flat Bones
The parietal bone of the skullFigure 6–2b
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Shape: Irregular Bones Have complex shapes Examples: Vertebrae, Mandible, Sacrum,
Pelvis
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Shape: Short Bones Are small and thick Cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy
bone Examples: Carpals, Tarsals,
Calcaneus
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Shape: Sesamoid (ses’ah-moyd) Bones
Special type of short bone
- Form within tendons- Best known example is the patella- Develop inside tendons near joints of
knees, hands, and feet
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Check Point1. Approximately how many bones are there in
the human body?2. What is hematopoiesis?3. What are the five functions of the bones?4. What is the difference between compact bone
and spongy bone?5. Draw and diagram a long bone.