The skeletal system Injuries to the skeletal system Diet and the skeletal system.
The Skeletal System
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Transcript of The Skeletal System
17.2 The Skeletal System
Life Science, Ms. Wells
Functions of Skeletal System
• Provides all movement• Works with Muscles
– Skeletal System + Muscular System = Musculoskeletal System
Bone Shapes
• Long Bone = in arms & legs
• Short Bone– in feet & hands
Bones Shapes
• Irregular Bones = spinal column (vertebrae)
• Flat Bones = ribs, skull
Bones are Connective Tissue!
Bone Types• Compact Bone
– Solid layer– Outer layer– Very strong– Dense calcium
network
• Spongy Bone– Lightweight,
STRONG– Full of holes (for
blood vessels)– Middle layer
Calcium Network
Spongy Bone
Joints
• Function: allow for movement or to create a seal between 2 bones
• Definition: any place where 2 bones meet
Immovable Joints• NO
movement/motion• Example: Skull• Bones in skull are
fused together to seal brain inside
Slightly Movable Joints
• Can “give” a little, more flexible• But usually don’t move much• Example: Ribs
Freely Movable Joints
• Bones glide back & forth past each other
• Lots of motion• Many types
– Hinge– Pivot– Ball and Socket
Freely Movable: PIVOT Joint
• Motion: twist a door knob• Example: wrist
Freely Movable: HINGE Joint
• Motion: open and close only one way
• Example: knee, elbow
Freely Movable: BALL AND SOCKET
• Motion: throwing a baseball
• Example: shoulder, thigh bone to hips
Ligaments
• Connective tissue that holds bones together @ joints
• Stretchy
Osteoporosis• Osteo- = bone• -porosis = break
down, porous, holes• Loss of density in
bone• Calcium network
thins• Bones become brittle• Effects women more
than men
“Soft Spot” or Fontanelle• Immovable skull
joints are not entirely fused in infants
• Easier to squeeze big head out of mother
Cartilage
• Bones missing the CALCIUM network!
• Flexible, soft• Example: ears, nose, lining of
joints• All bones start out as cartilage• Add calcium to harden = OSSIFY
Cartilage & Joints• Cushions joints so
bones don’t grind• Arthritis =
cartilage covering bones in joints wears down which causes pain and limits movement
THE END!