The project was prepared The project was prepared by Snegirkova Alina.by Snegirkova Alina.

IRELANDIRELAND

IRELAND

• Ireland is a large island in the west of the British archipelago, it is separated from an island Great Britain by St. George's passage, Irish sea and Northern passage. Ireland is most extended from the northeast on the southwest, extent in this direction of 486 km. The total area of 84 423 sq. km, from them independent Irish Republic occupies 70 285 sq. km, and Northern Ireland which is a part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, – 14 138 sq. km. The least distance between Ireland and Great Britain – 21 km – on a straight line from cape Torr-Hed near Ballycastle to Mull-of-Kintajr in Scotland.

The Flag and the symbols of Ireland

The cThe climatelimate

A climate of Ireland A climate of Ireland – sea, without – sea, without essential regional essential regional distinctions. The distinctions. The monotony of a monotony of a temperature temperature background, an background, an abundance of abundance of deposits, strong deposits, strong overcast and the overcast and the raised humidity is raised humidity is characteristic. characteristic. Within all year the Within all year the winds caused by winds caused by influence of Gulf influence of Gulf Stream prevail the Stream prevail the West-southwest. West-southwest.

Dublin is a capital of the Irish republic

• Nobody knows Dublin how much old is Dublin actually. Celebrating of its millenium in 1988 to some extent was conditional. Date was based 988 year on historical event of ancient settlement of Vikings which was on a place of present Dublin, and does not apply at all for date of the basis of a city when for the first time the first column has been driven in this earth for habitation by human hands. That very small settlement which was engaged in agriculture and fishery, was on a place of present Dublin almost 5000 years ago.

The The Sights ofSights of DublinDublin

The The Sights ofSights of DublinDublin

The Natural History Museum

St.Patrick’s St.Patrick’s CCathedralathedral

The National museum of Ireland,

Kildare Street

The National Concert Hall

The Irish Holidays.The Irish Holidays.The Irish Holidays.The Irish Holidays.

St. Patrick’s DaySt. Patrick’s Day Sacred Patrick was once the usual guy, and Sacred Patrick was once the usual guy, and

called it’s Maewyn Succat. He was born in called it’s Maewyn Succat. He was born in 373 year AD in the Wales. His father was a 373 year AD in the Wales. His father was a small land owner and the deacon of local small land owner and the deacon of local church.church.

When he was 16,a young man has been When he was 16,a young man has been captured by pirates and brought to Ireland captured by pirates and brought to Ireland where he got to the service of the leader by where he got to the service of the leader by name of Milchu and six years he grazed name of Milchu and six years he grazed livestock — sheep and pigs. At this particular livestock — sheep and pigs. At this particular time Maewyn also turned to religion. time Maewyn also turned to religion.

• But Day of sacred Patrick has also pagan But Day of sacred Patrick has also pagan motives. So, to one of its indispensable motives. So, to one of its indispensable heroes are leprechauns — fantastic shoe-heroes are leprechauns — fantastic shoe-makers, owning the hidden pot with makers, owning the hidden pot with gold. If a successful seeker of treasures gold. If a successful seeker of treasures manages to catch a leprechaun, he will manages to catch a leprechaun, he will tell to the person where his treasures tell to the person where his treasures are hidden. However, if you suddenly are hidden. However, if you suddenly catch a shoe-maker, do not trust him! catch a shoe-maker, do not trust him! These little men can easily deceive. These little men can easily deceive. Traditionally ,on that Day parades are Traditionally ,on that Day parades are arranged. On streets there are the arranged. On streets there are the people dressed in extravagant suits, and people dressed in extravagant suits, and also wind bands. also wind bands.

St. Brigita’s Day

A poor slave presented once a baby A poor slave presented once a baby to the poet staying at that time in a to the poet staying at that time in a

palace. Such gift was not necessary to palace. Such gift was not necessary to the poet, therefore he has sold the the poet, therefore he has sold the girl to the druid. The girl has given girl to the druid. The girl has given

birth to charming daughter Brigit. All birth to charming daughter Brigit. All childhood Brigit has spent at the childhood Brigit has spent at the

druid.druid.

After some time she returned to the father but not for a long time. Why? Because she was excessively generous. She could give a

raincoat to a cold poor person, or the footwear to a beggar , and once she gave a

leprous a father’s sword with jewels. The father was very dissatisfied that she took out all from the palace and gave to people,

therefore he decided to get rid of Brigitta.He brought the daughter to the king

— to her groom, but he liked Brigitta’s generosity and kindness. He said: «Her

merits in front of God are more than ours».

Once, being a 16-year-old girl, Brigit heard St. Patrick's sermon which was

based the first Christian school in Ireland in 459 year, and she accepted

Christianity. In a consequence he founded some monasteries. The first of them was based about 480 in Cill-Dara. Cill-Dara it is translated as “the Oak Church”, as there was an oak in

this place.

Halloween• In Ireland the same holiday was called

"Samhein", or "La Samon" that meant "the Sun Holiday". Its sacred fire was lighted and the various ceremonies anyhow connected with a fire were carried out. During an epoch of druids’ Power, for the period of celebrating all fires, that had been lighted by druids were extinguished. For owners of houses the special kind of a payment for the sacred fire burning on their altars was established. In Ancient Ireland druids brought to deities of a victim, burning them in wattled cages. People had to extinguish all other fires and fires to light them then from the sacrificial fire..

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The project was prepared by The project was prepared by Snegirkova Alina, 10 BSnegirkova Alina, 10 B