The New Guide to Stability Design Criteria for IVIetal Structures BRUCE G. JOHNSTON

T H E P U R P O S E of this report is to review the 3rd Edition of the "CRC Guide" for readers of the AISC Engineering Journal. There has always been a close and special rela-tionship between the American Institute of Steel Con-struction and the Column Research Council, officially renamed the "Structural Stability Research Council" in March, 1976. The new name reflects the broadened cov-erage of the Council that has been gradually achieved over the past 32 years of its history. The name of the 3rd Edition of the "CRC Guide", published in April of 1976, has likewise been changed as indicated in the above title of this review.

In 1961 the AISC Advisory Committee on Specifications made major revisions in the AISC Specification for the Design, Fabrication and Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings. These included extensive improvements in clauses pertaining to the buckling behavior of laterally unsupported beams, columns, and beam-columns. These changes were needed because of the introduction at that time of higher strength steels and by the corresponding possibility of achieving greater economy and correctness in the design of steel structures. The AISC Advisory Committee on Specifications turned to the Column Re-search Council to provide backup and substantiation for the new specification it was about to introduce. It was at that time, too, that architectural concepts in the construction of steel buildings were breaking sharply away from the traditional types of the past. Simplified procedures that had evolved through successful past experience were no longer adequate for the new steels and the new, varied shapes of current construction practice.

A major factor in shaping specification clauses pertaining to steel column design was the recognition of the role of internal residual stress as a primary influence affecting buckling behavior, and the resulting research initiated by

Bruce G. Johnston is Professor Emeritus of Structural Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., and is Editor of the new "Guide."

This paper is based on a talk given at the 1976 AISC National En-gineering Conference in Atlanta, Ga.

Column Research Council. In 1908, Howard,^ discussing tests at the Watertown Arsenal, had cited residual stresses due to cooling of hot-rolled members as a probable cause of reduced column strength in the intermediate slenderness range. Subsequently, the importance of this effect was largely obscured by the ease in explaining column strength deficiencies through the existence of hypothetical initial curvatures and end eccentricities. The coordinated research on residual stress effects that was begun by Column Re-search Council in the late 1940's2'3 has since mushroomed into major investigations throughout the worldin Europe, Japan, Canada, and Australia. The AISC deserves much credit for its role in funding much of the initial residual stress research carried out at Lehigh University.

The following summary relates the new 3rd Edition of the guide to its predecessors:

Edition: Year published: No. of ciiapters: No. of pages: No. of references:

1 1960

5 93 157

2 1966

7 217 327

3 1976

19 616 902

One may well hesitate to extrapolate the foregoing tab-ulation to a 4th edition. Nevertheless, plans are now being made regarding a 4th edition and Dr. T. V. Galambos has agreed to be its editor.

The 1st Edition of the Guide, published by the Council, was unique in that it provided for the first time a column-strength curve that was based realistically on the proven effects of residual stresses in steel members. Its scope was largely restricted to the behavior of columns in trusses and building frames, to laterally unsupported beams, and to beam-columns through the use of interaction formulas. As mentioned, it also provided backup for the 1961 AISC Specification revisions.

At the time of publication of the 1 st Edition, the Council had research in progress relating to the use of tension-field action in plate girder webs. Results of this research, as published in the 2nd Edition of the Guide, found direct and innovative design application in the AISC Specification. The 2nd Edition also included a new chapter on inter-mittently supported compression members.

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The 3rd Edition is largely a new book.* It is the result of the combined effort of more than 110 engineers and re-searchers who have participated in the five year project. Of these, more than 40 have coauthored portions of the man-uscript. The book provides a new and up-to-date summary of research results and their application to design, thus continuing the concept of providing design alternatives that leave to the engineer and specification writer the selection of specific design formulas or procedures, together with appropriate load and resistance factors.

SYNOPSIS

Following is a synopsis of the 3rd Edition, chapter by chapter, with brief comment on some of the salient fea-tures.

Chapter 1, Introduction, includes a survey of the me-chanical properties of the available structural steels, structural aluminum alloys, and stainless steels. A section providing definitions of terms relating to buckling behavior is followed by a closing discussion of the three classes of buckling behavior for which critical load determinations are overconservative, directly usable, or unconservative in design application.

In Chapter 2, Structural Safety, load and resistant factor design (limit states design) is summarized. The following excerpt keynotes the chapter: "Realizing that the traditional approach of using factor-of-safety procedures is not entirely adequate, and that the completely probabilistic approach is too idealistic and ultimately too complex, researchers have been turning their efforts to achieve a compromise solution by retaining some of the simplicity of the traditional ap-proach while incorporating probabilistic concepts to a de-gree." The chapter closes with illustrations of unsafe col-umn design details.

Chapter 3, Centrally Loaded Columns, is a rewrite of the 2nd Edition chapter of the same title. There is much new residual stress information for a broad range of rolled and welded steel structural shapes, including the combined effect on column strength of residual stress and initial out-of-straightness. It is shown that it is now possible to segregate column strength curves into various classes, providing a basis for the "multiple column curve" design concept that has been adopted in a number of European specifications. The pros and cons of the resulting "design procedure alternatives" are discussed. Other topics in the chapter include effects of welding, cold-straightening, and the effective length of trussed or framed members.

Chapter 4, Local Buckling of Plates, provides a summary of formulas that have been developed for the calculation of both the critical load and post-buckling strength of indi-vidual plate elements under a variety of boundary and in-plane load conditions. The effective-width concept is used extensively as a means of establishing the post-buckling strength.

* Published by Wiley-Interscience, Div. of John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.

Chapter 5, Dynamic Load Effects, provides an intro-ductory insight into this important topic. This new chapter includes a brief summary of parametric excitation and resonance, illustrated by a consideration of an initially straight column subjected to a periodic axial force.

Chapter 6, Laterally Unsupported Beams, similar to its 2nd Edition counterpart but with many new references added, provides information, with design examples, for evaluating the strength of both open and box-section beams and girders that are laterally unsupported. In many special situations, not directly covered by standard specifications, this information can lead to savings in material. Also in-cluded is a new section on continuous beams.

Chapter 7, Plate Girders, is a completely new version of the 2nd Edition chapter of the same name. Emphasis continues to be on the utlimate shear strength of the thin web, concerning which many refinements have been de-veloped in recent years. An in-depth statistical study of test results in relation to 10 different mechanisms of web and flange participation is included. There is also increased coverage on the behavior of webs with transverse and lon-gitudinal stiffeners.

Chapter 8, Beam-Columns, is greatly expanded, with more than half of its length now devoted to biaxial bending. As in the 2nd Edition, both maximum stress and ultimate strength procedures are included. This chapter shows that current design procedures for biaxial bending are generally overly conservative and provides information that should substantially improve design economy.

Chapter 9, Thin- Walled Metal Construction, is new, and is devoted to design practice involving the buckling behavior of members made up of thin plate components. Buckling in flexure, compression, and torsion, alone or in combi-nation, are among the topics that are covered.

Chapter 10, Circular Tubes and Shells, although new, is the longest chapter in the guide, covering 68 pages and including 141 references. It has input by a number of specialists in off-shore oil drilling structures and covers the bending, axial, and pressure loads acting on cylindrical shells, alone or in combination. Both stiffened and unstif-fened tubes and shells are included in this summary of design and test information.

Chapter 7 /, Tapered Structural Members, provides new information regarding their stiffness characteristics in frames, as modified by axial load. The buckling behavior of the individual members, acting as beams, columns, or beam-columns, is also treated, and design formulas in a modified AISC Specification format are provided.

Chapter 12, Columns With Lacing, Battens, or Perfo-rated Cover Plates, covers the effects of shear distortion in reducing critical column loads. Design examples are in-cluded and the importance of end tie plates in weakly bat-tened columns is demonstrated.

Chapter 13, Mill-Building Columns, is a brief treatment of the stepped mill-building column, showing how the AISC Specification may be modified for application to heavy industrial mill-building bents. A design example is included.

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Chapter 14, Members with Elastic Lateral Restraints, is essentially the same as the 2nd Edition chapter on "Pony Trusses". Application to other structures, such as the lat-erally unbraced chord of a through plate girder or a guyed tower, is discussed.

Chapter 15, Multistory Frames, covers a subject wherein alternative design procedures and assumptions are under current scrutiny. The use of effective length, the P-A design procedure, and the plastic design method are illustrated by design examples. The chapter was scrutinized by a number of tall building design specialists and went through many revisions before finalization.

Chapter 16, Arches, is entirely new, and includes a summary of information on both in-plane and out-of-plane buckling of various types of arches. Both stiffened and tied arches are included, as well as the special problems that arise in the case of very shallow arch construction.

Chapter 17, Stiffened Flat Plates, another new chapter, covers the use of both longitudinal and transverse stiffeners, separately or in combination, with stiffened plates under in-plane, lateral, or combined loads.

Chapter 18, Shells and Shell-Like Structures, also new, covers the buckling behavior and summarizes design pro-cedures pertinent to latticed, stiffened, and other types of "shell-like" structures for which a modified shell theory may be used to determine structural performance.

Chapter 19, Composite Columns, includes coverage of both concrete encased wide-flange shapes and concrete filled

tubular columns. It is an entirely new chapter, covering design procedures advocated by a number of specifica-tions.

The Appendices, in addition to general references, his-torical notes concerning the Council, and acknowledgments, include the Technical Memorandums of the Council: No. 1: The Basic Column Formula; No. 2: Notes on the Com-pression Testing of Metals; No. 3: Stub-Column Test Procedure; and No. 4: Procedure for Testing Centrally-Loaded Columns.

Although the guide has been five years in preparation, the chapters have been revised and updated during the period, with critical reviews by engineers and researchers most expert in the particular chapter category. Thus, the guide provides the most authoritative design information available at this time pertinent to structural problems in-volving buckling behavior.

REFERENCES

Howard, J. E. Some Results of the Tests of Steel Columns, in Progress at the Watertown Arsenal Proc. ASTM, Vol. 8, 1908. Osgood, W. R. The Effect of Residual Stress on Column Strength Proc. 1st U.S. Nat. Cong. Appl. Mech.June 1951, p. 415. Yang, C. H., L. S. Beedle, and B. G. Johnston Residual Stress and the Yield Strength of Steel Beams {Section VI, The Influence of Residual Stress on the Buckling Strength of Structural Members), Welding Journal, Vol. 31 1952, Res. Sup., p. 224-s.

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THIRD QUARTER / 1976

Welcome ScreenCopyright InformationEditorsTable of Contents19641st QuarterSteel Cable Creates Novel Structural Space SystemsZetlin, LevDiscussionEffective Column Length-Tier BuildingsHiggins, T.R.Lateral Support for Tier Building FramesGalambos, Theodore V.DiscussionSimplifications in the Solution of Column Interaction ProblemsHooper, IraRapp, Robert E.End Plate Connections in Plastically Designed StructuresCoel, JosephLathrop, R.P.Onderdonk, A.B.Folded Steel Plate Roof for a Suburban Branch BankShogren, V.E.2nd QuarterFundamentals of Orthotropic Plate DesignAu, TungChang, Jerry C. L.AISC Orthotropic Plate Design ManualMilek, W.A.Wearing Surfaces for Orthotropic DecksGilligan, John A.The Poplar Street BridgeShields, E.J.Discussion: Steel Cable Creates Novel Structural Space SystemsGould, Phillip L.3rd QuarterCurvilinear Grid FramesHutton, Charles R.Stiffened Thin Shell DomesBuchert, Kenneth P.The Steel Framed DomeOdom, Gerald SStevens, David E.Research in Plastic Design of Multi-story FramesBeedle, Lynn S.Driscoll, George C., Jr.Wind Connections with Simple FramingDisque, Robert O.Castellated Beams - New DevelopmentsBoyer, J.P.4th QuarterSteel is Changing the Los Angeles SkylineJohnston, Roy G.On the Lateral Support of Inelastic ColumnsPincus, GeorgeTests of Steel Moment ConnectionsBeedle, Lynn S.Christopher, RichardSpace Frame StructuresNaslund, Kenneth C.The Bridge Delta Girder: Single-Webbed and Double-WebbedHadley, Homer M.Old Bridges Give Clues to Steel Deck PerformanceWolchuk, RomanDiscussion: Lateral Support for Tier Building FramesHooper, Ira19651st QuarterBending Under Seated ConnectionsAbolitz, A. LeonWarner, MarvinEffective Length of Columns in Gable FramesLu, Le-WuLive Load Deflections in a Prestressed Steel Beam BridgeWelden, NeilLessons from Crane RunwaysMueller, John E.DiscussionDiscussionStrength of Three New Types of Composite BeamsToprac, A.A.One Engineer's Opinion (Bolting and Composite)Milek, W.A.2nd QuarterSplices in Plastically Designed Continuous StructuresHart, Willard H.Milek, W.A.Failure of Simply-Supported Flat Roofs by Ponding of RainChinn, JamesDiscussionDesign Charts for Bolts with Combined Shear and TensionHagen, Hans WilliamPenkul, Richard C.Column Stability under Elastic SupportHiggins, T.R.DiscussionSteel Column Bending Amplification FactorLiu, William Y.DiscussionShort Span Highway Bridges with Wide Stringer Spacing and a Two-way Reinforced Concrete DeckGrossman, StanleyDiscussion: Lessons from Crane RunwaysSaxe, Van Rensselaer P.3rd QuarterShell Shapes Framed in SteelGeiger, David H.Plastic Design of a Three-Story Steel FrameDe Buen, OscarPlastic Design of Multi-Story Buildings-A Progress ReportDriscoll, George C., Jr.Yura, Joseph A.Method of Combining Mechanisms in Plastic AnalysisPincus, GeorgeConsiderations in the Design of Large-Size Welded Tubular Truss JointsBouwkamp, J.G.Framing Connections for Square and Rectangular Structural TubingWhite, Richard N.One Engineer's Opinion (Bending of Tees)Milek, W.A.Discussion: Column Stability under Elastic SupportHiggins, T.R.Zweig, AlfredDiscussion: Failure of Simply-Supported Flat Roofs by Ponding of RainWalsh, Martin P., Jr.Discussion: Lessons from Crane RunwaysMurray, J.J.4th QuarterCost Studies of High Strength Bolted ConnectionsGraves, Frederick E.Thermal Prestressing of Structural SteelWichman, Sven H.DiscussionBuckling of Framed DomesBuchert, Kenneth P.Structural Lightweight Concrete for Composite DesignJenny, Daniel P.Composite Beams of Steel and Lightweight ConcreteBenjamin, Irwin A.Pushout Tests on Lightweight Composite SlabsChinn, JamesComposite Design with Lightweight Aggregates on Building ProjectsLeabu, Victor F.One Engineer's Opinion (Vibration)Milek, W.A.Discussion: Steel Column Bending Amplification FactorScheiner, Alfred19661st QuarterSteel Shell Roof StructuresNilson, Arthur H.Analysis Of Framed Space StructuresBaer, Oliver A.Measured and Computed Stresses in Three Castellated BeamsBaldwin, James W., Jr.Douty, R.T.Torsion of Rolled Steel Sections in Building StructuresHotchkiss, John G.DiscussionTorsion in Closed SectionsSiev, Avinadav2nd QuarterLehigh Conference on Plastic Design of Multi-Story Frames-A SummaryDriscoll, George C., Jr.Column Stability in Type 2 ConstructionDe Falco, FredMarino, Frank J.ErrataDesign of Bolts or Rivets Subject to Combined Shear and TensionZweig, AlfredErrataDiscussionErrataStresses and Displacements in Three-Dimensional TrussesGeer, ElihuKushman, Robert L.Design Aids: Minimum Depth and Allowable Bending StressFroyton, GeorgeDiscussionErrataOne Engineer's Opinion (Lateral Support)Milek, W.A.Discussion: Torsion of Rolled Steel Sections in Building StructuresBarnoff, Robert M.Discussion: Thermal Prestressing of Structural SteelBurton, John C.Hotchkiss, John G.3rd QuarterPonding of Two-Way Roof SystemsMarino, Frank J.DiscussionErrataAnalysis of Curved Steel Girder BridgesLavelle, Francis H.Testing of a Model Curved Steel Girder BridgeClarke, C. BernardSmall Scale Models for Steel FrameworksLitle, William APlastic Design of Eccentrically Loaded FastenersAbolitz, A. LeonDiscussionVibration of Steel Joist-Concrete Slab FloorsLenzen, Kenneth H.Errata: Design of Bolts or Rivets Subject to Combined Shear and TensionZweig, AlfredErrata: Column Stability in Type 2 ConstructionDe Falco, FredMarino, Frank J.4th QuarterA Plastic Method For Unbraced Frame DesignDaniels, J. HartleyHigh-Strength Steels for Plastic DesignAdams, Peter F.The Dry Floor; A New Approach to High Rise Apartment BuildingsNewman, Joseph H.Discussion: Design of Bolts or Rivets Subject to Combined Shear and TensionBertwell, W.Zweig, AlfredDiscussion: Design Aids: Minimum Depth and Allowable Bending StressMarrone, Adolph A.19671st QuarterDesign of Braced Multi-Story Frames by the Plastic MethodLu, Le-WuComposite Action of Concrete Slab and Open Web Joist (Without the Use of Shear Connectors)Kaley, D.J.Wang, P.C.High-Strength BoltingMunse, W.H.ErrataDiscussionAllowable Loads on Beams without Lateral SupportMataya, JohnErrataDiscussionDiscussion: Ponding of Two-way Roof SystemsMarino, Frank J.Sawyer, Donald A.Errata: Design Aids: Minimum Depth and Allowable Bending Stress. (Paper presented April, 1966)Groyton, GeorgeMarrone, Adolph A.Errata: Ponding of Two-Way Roof SystemsMarino, Frank J.Errata: Design of Bolts or Rivets Subject to Combined Shear and TensionZweig, Alfred2nd QuarterDesign of Beam-ColumnsHooper, IraErrataA Prestressed Steel Space FrameRogers, PaulDiscussionPlastic Design of a 14-Story Apartment BuildingBennett, William A.Conceptual Design of Double Steel Containment VesselsWang, Chen-HwaDiscussionDiscussion: Plastic Design of Eccentrically Loaded FastenersAbolitz, A. LeonFisher, John W.Kulak, Geoffrey L.Errata: High-Strength BoltingMunse, W.H.Errata: Allowable Loads on Beams without Lateral SupportMataya, John3rd QuarterHyperboloid Space Frames for Tower StructuresLevinton, ZusseBox Girder Bridge DesignKavanagh, Thomas C.Horizontally Curved Steel Girders;Fabrication and DesignThatcher, W.M.The Evolution of German Cable Stayed Bridges- An Overall SurveyFeige, AdolfSimplified Procedure to Determine Maximum Beam DeflectionKoo, BenjaminDiscussion: High-Strength BoltingKulak, Geoffrey L.Discussion: Allowable Loads on Beams without Lateral SupportMataya, JohnErrata: Design of Beam-ColumnsHooper, Ira4th QuarterPlastic Design by Moment BalancingGaylord, Edwin H.DiscussionGeneralized Superposition Method in Plastic AnalysisPincus, GeorgeThe Severity of Fires in Steel-Frame BuildingsSeigel, L.G.ErrataMaximum A325 Bolt Loads at a GlanceStetina, Henry J.ErrataOne Engineer's Opinion (Beam Splice)Marino, Frank J.Discussion: A Prestressed Steel Space FrameRogers, PaulShah, Manu19681st QuarterEconomic Study of a Braced Multi-Story Steel FrameGalambos, Theodore V.Williams, James B.Analysis of Cables as Equivalent Two-Force MembersKudder, Robert J.Tung, David H.H.An Investigation of the Effective Concrete Slab Width for Composite ConstructionGuthrie, LucianHagood, Thomas A.Hoadley, Peter G.Automated Design of Space TrussesPatton, Fredrick W.Weaver, William, Jr.Test on Diaphragm Behavior of Dry-Floor System with Steel-Edged Gypsum PlanksJeng Fang, PenDiscussion: Conceptual Design of Double Steel Containment VesselsWahl, Howard W.Wang, Chen-HwaErrata: The Severity of Fires in Steel-Frame BuildingsSeigel, L.G.Errata: Maximum A325 Bolt Loads at a GlanceStetina, Henry J.2nd QuarterA Cost Evaluation of Space Trusses of Large SpanGeiger, David H.Shear Strength of Thin Flange Composite SpecimensGoble, George G.Amplification Factors for Beam-ColumnsKoo, BenjaminThe Use of Viscoelastic Material to Damp Vibration in Buildings and Large StructuresNelson, Frederick C.Discussion: Plastic Design by Moment BalancingGaylord, Edwin H.Gurfinkel, German3rd QuarterA Composite Action Duct-Beam SystemShah, Kirit N.Vergun, Dimitry K.Rapid Selection of Beam-ColumnsRubinsky, Moe A.Automated Analysis of Grid Beam SystemsElleby, Hotten A.Deformation Analysis of Structures Near Collapse LoadLavingia, Kishor P.4th QuarterAnalysis of Horizontally Curved BridgesGillespie, James W.Are Tier Building Column Splices Designed?Stetina, Henry J.DiscussionDetermining the Cost of Welded JointsDonnelly, J.A.Design Curves for Plastic Design of Uniformly Loaded Steel BeamsHill, Louis A., Jr.Vanderplaats, Garret N.Space Frame BucklingBuchert, Kenneth P.Admissible Loads of Gable FramesCheng, Franklin Y.19691st QuarterBridge Construction DetailsLally, AndrewMilek, W.A.DiscussionProposed Working Stresses for Fillet Welds in Building ConstructionHiggins, T.R.Preece, F.R.Design of Unstiffened GirdersAbolitz, A. LeonSome Non-Conventional Cases of Column DesignDalal, Suresh T.Discussion: Are Tier Building Column Splices Designed?Klayton, ThurstonStetina, Henry J.2nd QuarterCorrelation of Discontinuities and Physical Properties in Steel WeldmentsCriscuolo, E.L.Reliability Assurance in Navy's Welded Steel Shore StructuresAmirikian, ArshamAssurance of Reliability in Fabricated Steel Structures Through Nondestructive TestingOlsson, D.A.Use of Ultrasonic Testing in the Structural Steel IndustryWehrmeister, Allen E.Reliability in Building Construction Through Nondestructive TestingGreenberg, Simon A.3rd QuarterPush-up Steel ConstructionHansen, Robert J.Exposed Steel Framing on High Rise BuildingsNassetta, Anthony F.Bracing of Continuous ColumnsUrdal, Tor B.ErrataAnalysis of Helicoidal GirdersAbdul-Baki, AssadBartel, DeanDiscussion: Bridge Construction DetailsVansant, G.F.4th QuarterMoment-Rotation Characteristics of Shear ConnectionsKennedy, D.J.L.Another Approach to Simplified Design of a Curved Steel GirderKetchek, KonstantinYield-Line Analysis and Design of GridsCannon, John P.Steel Plate Analysis by Finite ElementsFirkins, Norman L.A Modification to the Subassemblage Method of Designing Unbraced Multi-story FramesDe Buen, OscarErrataErrata: Bracing of Continuous ColumnsUrdal, Tor B.19701st QuarterHomogeneous and Hybrid Girder Design in the 1969 AISC SpecificationMilek, W.A.Analysis of Curved Girder BridgesBednar, DavidBrogan, DarrylCulver, CharlesPreliminary Wind Analysis of Multistory BentsBen-Arroyo, AbrahamComposite Open-Web Steel JoistsGalambos, Theodore V.Tide, Raymond H.R.Errata: A Modification to the Subassemblage Method of Designing Unbraced Multi-story Frames (pp. 142, 144, 145)De Buen, Oscar2nd QuarterDesign of Steel Bearing PlatesFling, Russell S.DiscussionStraight-Element Grid Analysis of Horizontally Curved Beam SystemsWeissman, Herbert A.ErrataPreliminary Design of Curved BridgesHeins, Conrad P.Siminou, JavidCalculator for Beam-column DesignTing, Ea-LuOne Engineer's Opinion (Rectangular Section Beams)Milek, W.A.3rd QuarterApproximate Torsional Analysis of Curved Box Girders by the M/R-MethodFountain, Richard S.Tung, David H.H.Maximum A325 and A490 Bolt Loads at a GlanceStetina, Henry J.Design of Composite Beams with Formed Metal DeckFisher, John W.DiscussionMinimum Cost Structures by Dynamic ProgrammingGoble, George G.Moses, FredErrata: Straight-Element Grid Analysis of Horizontally Curved Beam Systems (pp. 44, 45)Weissman, Herbert A.4th QuarterTemperature Effects on Tall Steel Framed Buildings Part 1-Response of Steel Columns to Temperature ExposureMcLaughlin, E.R.Temperature Effects on Tall Steel Framed Buildings Part 2-Structural AnalysisKar, Anil K.West, Harry H.Temperature Effects on Tall Steel Framed Buildings Part 3-Design ConsiderationsKhan, Fazlur R.Nassetta, Anthony F.One Engineer's Opinion (Multistory Bracing)Disque, Robert O.Discussion: Design of Steel Bearing PlatesGogate, Anand B.Sling, Russell S.19711st QuarterThe Behavior of A514 Steel Tension MembersKulak, Geoffrey L.DiscussionPainting Structural SteelKeane, John D.Noncombustible Schools for OmahaAlsmeyer, William C.Which Design Concept for Prestressed Steel?Amrhein, Francis GeneTochacek, MiloslavDiscussion: Design of Composite Beams with Formed Metal DeckFisher, John W.Winter, George2nd QuarterThe Effective Length of Columns in Unbraced FramesYura, Joseph A.DiscussionDiscussionDiscussionAutomated Optimum Design of Unstiffened Girder Cross SectionsGoble, George G.Moses, FredPlastic Behavior of Eccentrically-Loaded ConnectionsShermer, Carl L.DiscussionTreatment of Eccentrically-loaded Connections in the AISC ManualHiggins, T.R.Shear Strength of Stud Connectors in Lightweight and Normal-Weight ConcreteFisher, John W.Ollgaard, Jorgen G.Slutter, Roger G.DiscussionErrata3rd QuarterCyclic Yield Reversal in Steel Building Connections (T.R. Higgins Award)Pinkney, R. BrucePopov, Egor P.Adapting the AISC Specification to Computer-Aided DesignFenves, Steven J.Gaylord, Edwin H.Goel, Surendra K.Lightweight Concrete-on-Steel Composite BeamsBaldwin, James W., Jr.McGarraugh, Jay B.Classification of Steels for StructuresColumn Research CouncilDiscussion: The Effective Length of Columns in Unbraced FramesGogate, Anand B.Discussion: The Behavior of A514 Steel Tension MembersMacadam, John N.4th QuarterLoad Factor Design for Steel Highway BridgesHansell, W.C.Viest, Ivan M.Applied Plastic Design of Unbraced Multistory FramesDisque, Robert O.DiscussionSimplified Plastic Analysis for Reinforced Web HolesRedwood, R.G.Recommended Design Procedures for Beams with Web OpeningsBower, John E.The Staggered Truss System-Structural ConsiderationsScalzi, John B.Discussion: Plastic Behavior of Eccentrically-Loaded ConnectionsKulak, Geoffrey L.19721st QuarterTables for Plastic Design of Beams with Rectangular HolesRedwood, R.G.Vibration and Deflection of Steel BridgesWalker, William H.Wright, Richard N.DiscussionThe Case for the Semi-Box GirderSchlenker, Norman E.ErrataDiscussion: The Effective Length of Columns in Unbraced FramesAdams, Peter F.Johnston, Bruce G.Yura, Joseph A.Zweig, Alfred2nd QuarterSimplified High-Rise Drift Analysis and Optimized AdjustmentFleischer, Walter H.Buckling of Hyperbolic ParaboloidsBuchert, Kenneth P.DiscussionExperimental Study of a Schwedler Rigid Framed DomeBeaufait, FredBeavers, James E.Torsional Properties of Composite GirdersHeins, Conrad P.Kuo, John T.C.Discussion: Shear Strength of Stud Connectors in Lightweight and Normal-Weight ConcreteChinn, James3rd QuarterA Stub-Girder System for High-Rise BuildingsColaco, Joseph P.A Unified Approach to the Elastic Lateral Buckling of BeamsNethercot, D.A.Rockey, K.C.DiscussionLoad Factor Design of Steel BuildingsGalambos, Theodore V.Stiffness Coefficients of Beam-Columns with Non-Prismatic MembersEimer, N.Stack-Staikidis, W.J.Discussion: Applied Plastic Design of Unbraced Multistory FramesWiesner, Kenneth B.Errata: The Case for the Semi-Box GirderSchlenker, Norman E.Errata: Shear Strength of Stud Connectors in Lightweight and Normal-Weight Concrete. (Paper presented April, 1971)Chinn, James4th QuarterInvestigation of Triangular Heats Applied to Mild Steel PlatesNicholls, J.I.Weerth, D.E.Direct Design of Columns Subjected to Combined LoadingCelenza, EugenePhang, Michael K.S.Effective Length of Columns with Intermediate Axial LoadSandhu, Balbir S.Calculation of Effective Lengths and Effective Slenderness Ratios of Stepped ColumnsAnderson, John P.Woodward, James H.Discussion: The Effective Length of Columns in Unbraced FramesYura, Joseph A.Discussion: Vibration and Deflection of Steel BridgesMurray, Thomas M.Discussion: Buckling of Hyperbolic ParaboloidsKoo, Benjamin19731st QuarterBolt Tension Control with a Direct Tension IndicatorFisher, John W.Oyeledun, Abayomi OStruik, John H.A.Plastic Design of Biaxially Loaded Beam-ColumnsBaseheart, T.M.McDonough, J.F.Ringo, B.C.Graphical Solution for Selection of Web Splice BoltsMehta, Narendra K.Powers, J.J.Fast Check for PondingBurgett, Lewis B.Plastic Design Applied to TrussesCroucher, Meredith W.Fisher, James M.2nd QuarterInelastic K-factor for Column DesignDisque, Robert O.A Prestressed Composite Girder for Short Span BridgesAnand, Subhash C.Headed Steel Anchor under Combined LoadingFisher, John W.McMackin, Patrick J.Slutter, Roger G.A Rapid Solution of Vierendeel FramesAbdul-Shafi, A.Selection of a ""Trial"" Column SectionBurgett, Lewis B.Discussion: A Unified Approach to the Elastic Lateral Buckling of BeamsChinn, JamesPiepenburg, Dwayne D.3rd QuarterCommentary on Highly Restrained Welded ConnectionsAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionDiscussionComposite Floor System for Sears TowerIyengar, S.H.Zils, J.J.ErrataFire Resistance of Protected Steel ColumnsLie, T.T.Stanzak, W.W.Discussion4th QuarterRecent Developments in Steel Building DesignBeedle, Lynn S.Lu, Le-WuOzer, ErkanQuality Control in Design and Supervision Can Eliminate Lamellar TearingThornton, Charles H.Steel Box Girder BridgesLally, AndrewSteel Column Base Plate DesignSandhu, Balbir S.DiscussionDiscussion: Fire Resistance of Protected Steel ColumnsLie, T.T.Stanzak, W.W.Stetina, Henry J.Errata: Composite Floor System for Sears TowerIyengar, S.H.Zils, J.J.19741st QuarterCable-Stayed BridgesPodolny, Walter, Jr.Yield Line Analysis of Column Webs with Welded Beam ConnectionsStockwell, Frank W., Jr.DiscussionDiscussionOptimum Belt Truss Locations for High-Rise StructuresTaranath, B.S.ErrataRapid Selection of W Columns (AASHO Method of Design)Mehta, Narendra K.2nd QuarterComposite Action Without Shear ConnectorsBarnoff, Robert M.Mead, EdwinO'Neil, RichardWatson, JamesExperimental Investigation of Lug Stresses and FailuresHackett, R.M.Tolbert, R.N.Yield Line Analysis of a Web Connection in Direct TensionKapp, RichardLight Gage Steel Infill Panels in Multistory Steel FramesMiller, Craig J.Discussion: Steel Column Base Plate DesignSandhu, Balbir S.Errata: Optimum Belt Truss Locations for High Rise StructuresTaranath, B.S.3rd QuarterSimplified Seismic Drift Analysis of High-Rise Steel FramesFleischer, Walter H.Simplified Approach to AISC Bending FormulasStockwell, Frank W., Jr.ErrataDynamic Analysis of Multistory BuildingsSandhu, Balbir S.Lateral Instability of Castellated BeamsChesson, Eugene, Jr.Pattanayak, Umesh C.Discussion: Yield Line Analysis of Column Webs with Welded Beam ConnectionsKapp, Richard4th QuarterErrata: Partial Tube Concept for Mid-Rise StructuresColaco, Joseph P.Partial Tube Concept for Mid-Rise StructuresColaco, Joseph P.ErrataInnovative Approaches to the Erection of Tension Roof StructuresCuoco, Daniel A.Thornton, Charles H.Approximate Analytical Model for Multistory FramesLeMessurier, William J.McNamara, Robert J.Scrivener, J.C.Cable Connections in Stayed Girder BridgesPodolny, Walter, Jr.DiscussionErrata: Simplified Approach to AISC Bending FormulaStockwell, Frank W., Jr.19751st QuarterApplication of AISC Design Provisions for Tapered MembersLee, G.C.Morrell, M.L.Directional Moment Connections--A Proposed Design Method for Unbraced Steel FramesDisque, Robert O.DiscussionPanel Zone Effect on the Strength and Stiffness of Steel Rigid FramesBecker, RoySimplified Solution to Interaction EquationBabyak, R. CareyPhang, Michael K.S.One Engineer's Opinion (Interaction Equations)Stockwell, Frank W., Jr.Discussion: Commentary on Highly Restrained Welded ConnectionsJones, Norman B.Milek, W.A.2nd QuarterStructural System; Standard Oil of Indiana Building (T.R. Higgins Award)Picardi, E. AlfredEccentrically Loaded Slip-Resistant ConnectionsKulak, Geoffrey L.Seismic Drift Control CriteriaTeal, Edward J.ErrataNomograph for Design of Channel Section BeamsMaitra, N.Discussion: Cable Connections in Stayed Girder BridgesKavanagh, Thomas C.3rd QuarterDesign of Columns Subject to Biaxial BendingSpringfield, JohnDesign to Prevent Floor VibrationsMurray, Thomas M.Drift Reduction Factors for Belted High-Rise StructuresMcNabb, J.W.Muvdi, B.B.ErrataDiscussionPreliminary Base Plate SelectionStockwell, Frank W., Jr.Errata: Seismic Drift Control CriteriaTeal, Edward J.4th QuarterSeismic Design Practice for Steel BuildingsTeal, Edward J.DiscussionErrataDiscussion: Yield Line Analysis of Column Webs with Welded Beam ConnectionsStockwell, Frank W., Jr.Errata: Drift Reduction Factors for Belted High-Rise StructuresMcNabb, J.W.Muvdi, B.B.19761st QuarterAISC Column Design Logic Makes Sense for Composite Columns, TooFurlong, Richard W.Stiffness Design of Unbraced Steel FramesCheong-Siat-Moy, F.ErrataTension-Field Design of Tapered WebsFalby, W.E.Lee, G.C.ErrataA Simplified Method for the Flexural Design of Stiffened Hybrid GirdersChong, Ken P.ErrataThe Effective Length of Unbraced Single Story ColumnsMarx, ChristopherDiscussion2nd QuarterModern Approaches to Solution of the Wind Problems of Long Span Bridges (T.R. Higgins)Scanlon, Robert H.Structural Steel and Fire; More Realistic AnalysisLie, T.T.Stanzak, W.W.Rapid Selection of Column Base PlatesBird, William R.ErrataDiscussionDiscussionDesign Example for Beams with Web OpeningsCooper, Peter B.Kussman, Richard L.ErrataDiscussionDiscussion: Seismic Design Practice for Steel BuildingsSEAOC Seismology CommitteeTeal, Edward J.Discussion: Directional Moment Connections-A Proposed Design Method for Unbraced Steel FramesWiesner, Kenneth B.Errata: Seismic Design Practice for Steel BuildingsTeal, Edward J.Errata: Tension-Field Design of Tapered WebsFalby, W.E.Lee, G.C.3rd QuarterThe New Guide to Stability Design Criteria for Metal StructuresJohnston, Bruce G.In-Plane Fatigue Strength of Plates with Laminar DiscontinuitiesBrockenbrough, R.L.Owens, D.E.A Simple Approach to Truss DeflectionsTsai, Wan-TswanGirder Stiffness Distribution for Unbraced ColumnsStockwell, Frank W., Jr.On Inelastic Column BucklingSmith, C.V., Jr.DiscussionErrata: Design Example for Beams with Web OpeningsCooper, Peter B.Kussman, Richard L.Errata: Stiffness Design of Unbraced Steel FramesCheong-Siat-Moy, F.Errata: Rapid Selection of Column Base Plates4th QuarterA Practical Method of Second Order Analysis Part 1; Pin Jointed SystemsLeMessurier, William J.ErrataRapid Selection of Beam-Columns for Wind or Earthquake EffectsFiesenheiser, E.I.Ronan, J.G.A New Design For Torsion Resistant Suspension BridgesSamelson, HaroldErrataDiscussionEffective Length of Columns with Semi-Rigid ConnectionsDriscoll, George C., Jr.ErrataDiscussion: The Effective Length of Unbraced Singal Story ColumnsGreen, Robert W.Discussion: Design Example for Beams with Web OpeningsRedwood, R.G.Discussion: Rapid Selection of Column Base PlatesDouty, R.T.19771st QuarterFracture and Fatigue Control in Steel StructuresRolfe, S.T.Capacity of Columns with Splice ImperfectionsPopov, Egor P.Stephen, Roy M.Composite Beams with Formed Steel DeckFisher, John W.Grant, John A., Jr.Slutter, Roger G.Errata: A Practical Method of Second Order Analysis (Part 1 - Pin Jointed Systems)LeMessurier, William J.Errata: A New Design For Torsion Resistant Suspension BridgesSamelson, HaroldDisscussion: Drift Reduction Factors for Belted High-Rise StructuresMcNabb, J.W.Muvdi, B.B.Disscussion: On Inelasic Column BucklingMatz, Charles A.Disscussion: Rapid Selection of Column Base PlatesBird, William R.2nd QuarterA Practical Method of Second Order Analysis Part 2; Rigid FramesLeMessurier, William J.Multistory Rigid Frames with Composite Girders Under Gravity and Lateral ForcesSchaffhausen, Robert J.Wegmuller, Anton W.Direct Feasible and Optimal Design of Laterally Unsupported Beams*Brandt, G. Donald3rd QuarterFloor Vibrations and Cantilevered ConstructionHendrick, William E.Murray, Thomas M.Yield Line Analysis of Bolted Hanging ConnectionsDranger, Thomas S.DiscussionSimplified Design for Torsional Loading of Rolled Steel MembersLin, Phillip H.DiscussionDiscussionErrataA Rational Approach to Fire Engineering Design of Steel BuildingsMagnusson, Sven ErikPettersson, OveThor, JorgenDiscussion: A New Design For Torsion Resistant Suspension BridgesBirdsall, BlairSamelson, HaroldErrata: Effective Length of Columns with Semi-Rigid ConnectionsDriscoll, George C., Jr.4th QuarterFatigue Strength of Steel Members with Welded Details (T.R. Higgins Award)Fisher, John W.Yen, Ben T.Mill Building Design ProcedureBakota, John F.DiscussionDiscussionThe Mysterious 1/3 Stress IncreaseEllifritt, Duane S.History of Steel Beam DesignGalambos, Theodore V.19781st QuarterAn Introduction to Load and Resistance Factor Design for Steel BuildingsHansell, W.C.Pinkham, C.W.Proposed Criteria for Load and Resistance Factor DesignGalambos, Theodore V.Ravindra, M.K.ErrataLRFD Design Office StudyWiesner, Kenneth B.Discussion: Simplified Design for Torsional Loading of Rolled Steel MembersLin, Phillip H.Discussion: Yield Line Analysis of Bolted Hanging ConnectionsDranger, Thomas S.2nd QuarterSeismic Drift Control and Building Periods (T.R. Higgins Award)Teal, Edward J.DiscussionA Fresh Look at Bolted End- Plate Behavior and DesignKrishnamurthy, N.ErrataDiscussionGraphical Aid for Design of Base Plate Subjected to MomentMaitra, N.ErrataEnd Restraints on Steel Joist Floor VibrationsCarrle, GuntherWang, Leon Ru-LiangFire Safety Of External Building Elements--The Design ApproachLaw, MargaretErrataDiscussion: Mill Building Design ProcedureGogate, Anand B.Discussion: Simplified Design for Torsional Loading of Rolled Steel Members (Lin)Lin, Phillip H.Errata: Proposed Criteria for Load and Resistance Factor DesignGalambos, Theodore V.Ravindra, M.K.3rd QuarterDesign of an Eccentrically Braced Steel FramePopov, Egor P.Roeder, Charles W.Shear in Beam-Column Joints in Seismic Design of Steel FramesKrawinkler, HelmutDiscussion: Seismic Drift Control and Building PeriodsBerg, Glen V.A Method for the Plastic Design of Unbraced Multistory FramesDe Buen, OscarThe AISC Quality Certification ProgramPeshek, Charles, Jr.Errata: Fire Safety of External Building Elements--The Design ApproachLaw, Margaret4th QuarterBehavior of Bearing Critical Double-Angle Beam ConnectionsBirkemoe, Peter C.Gilmor, Michael I.Fire Resistance of Structural SteelLie, T.T.Box Girder Bridge Design; State of the ArtHeins, Conrad P.Discussion: Mill Building Design ProcedureDiefenderfer, C.F.Errata: A Fresh Look at Bolted End-Plate Behavior and DesignKrishnamurthy, N.Errata: Graphical Aid for Design of Base Plate Subjected to MomentMaitra, N.19791st QuarterPlastic Design Aids for Pinned-Base Gabled FramesBeskos, Dimitrios E.Manolis, George D.Allowable Axial Stresses in Segmented ColumnsBarnes, D.W.Mangelsdorf, C.P.Analysis of Vierendeel Frames for DeflectionsAbdul-Shafi, A.Combined Shear and Tension on Grouted Base DetailsAdihardjo, RiantoSoltis, Lawrence A.2nd QuarterAnalysis and Design of Framed Columns Under Minor Axis BendingKanchanalai, T.Lu, Le-WuDiscussionStrength Design in Steel Using Programmable CalculatorsAnderson, James C.Discussion: A Fresh Look at Bolted End-Plate Behavior and DesignAgerskov, HenningGriffiths, John D.Krishnamurthy, N.McGuire, WilliamRimmer, Norman W.Wooten, J.M.3rd QuarterHuman Response to Wind-Induced Motion of Buildings (T.R. Higgins Award)Hansen, Robert J.Reed, John W.Vanmarcke, Erik H.Prefabricated Press-Formed Steel T-Box Girder Bridge SystemGangaRao, H.V.S.Taly, NarendraOptimum Design of Steel Pipe RacksArya, Suresh C.Feng, Edward G.Pincus, GeorgeA Simple Formula for the Polar Second Moment of Area of a Regular Skew-Symmetric Bolt GroupBradfield, C.D.Irvine, H.M.4th QuarterA Specification for the Design of Steel-Concrete Composite ColumnsStructural Stability Research Council, Task Group 20Efficiency of Tubular Framing for Medium-Height BuildingsLeffler, Robert E.Plastic Design of Steel Floor BeamsHawes, William H.ErrataDiscussion: Analysis and Design of Framed Columns Under Minor Axis BendingNethercot, D.A.Errata: A Simplified Method for the Flexural Design of Stiffened Hybrid GirdersChong, Ken P.19801st QuarterMoment Resisting Connections for Mixed ConstructionHawkins, Neil M.Mitchell, DenisRoeder, Charles W.Steel Supported Masonry WallsSoltis, Lawrence A.Tuan, Young-BeeOne Engineer's OpinionFisher, James M.Elastic Buckling of a Column Under Varying Axial ForceShrivastava, Suresh C.Anchor Bolt Design for Shear and TensionKharod, Umesh J.2nd QuarterComputer-Aided Design of Stub-Girder SystemGotschall, John A.Wang, P.C.Torsional Strength and Stiffness of Steel StructuresShermer, Carl L.The Analysis and Design of Single Plate Framing ConnectionsGillett, Paul E.Kriegh, James D.Lewis, Brett A.Richard, Ralph M.3rd QuarterSome Aspects of Stub-Girder Design (T.R. Higgins Award)Bjorhovde, ReidarZimmerman, T.J.An Update on Eccentric Seismic BracingPopov, Egor P.A Cautionary Note on Beam CopesMilek, W.A.Fast Design of Beams with Cb Greater Than 1.0Burgett, Lewis B.Tide, Raymond H.R.8th Edition Manual Errata4th QuarterPlastic Design of Unbraced Multistory Steel Frames with Composite BeamsDe Buen, OscarEccentrically Loaded Weld Groups; AISC Design TablesTide, Raymond H.R.ErrataCalculation of Effective Lengths of Stepped ColumnsAgrawal, Krishna M.Stafiej, Andrew P.ErrataDetailing to Achieve Practical Welded FabricationBlodgett, Omer W.19811st QuarterAn Experimental Look at Bracket-Loaded WebsAinso, HeinoHoptay, Joseph M.DiscussionGeneralized Design of Columns Subjected to Combined Axial Load and Bending MomentMonasa, FrankSnyder, John K.Connections Between Steel Frames and Concrete WallsHawkins, Neil M.Roeder, Charles W.Errata: Eccentrically Loaded Weld Group--AISC Design TablesTide, Raymond H.R.Errata: Plastic Design of Steel Floor BeamsHawes, William H.2nd QuarterPreliminary Analysis and Member Sizing of Tall Tubular Steel BuildingsEl Nimeiri, Mahjoub M.Tang, John W.Wong, Chow H.Analysis and Design of a Web Connection in Direct TensionAnand, Subhash C.Bertz, Richard F.A Graphical Method for Design of Cantilevered and Suspended Span BeamsMehta, Purushottam B.Nomograph for Design of Power Plant and Industrial Precipitator ShellMaitra, N.Stress Reduction Factor for Unsupported LengthsRoy, RanjitAcceptability Criterion for Occupant-Induced Floor VibrationsMurray, Thomas M.3rd QuarterLoad and Resistance Factor Design (T.R. Higgins Award)Galambos, Theodore V.Structural Details in Industrial BuildingsFisher, James M.DiscussionDiscussionStability of Metal Structures- A World View (Part 1)SSRC, ECCS, LRCJ,CMEADiscussionDiscussion: An Experimental Look at Bracket-Loaded WebsSears, Frank D.Errata: Calculation of Effective Lengths of Stepped ColumnsAgrawal, Krishna M.Stafiej, Andrew P.Book Review: Structural Design of Tall Steel Buildings, Vol. SBHaaijer, Geerhard4th QuarterDesign Aids for Single-Plate Framing ConnectionsDisque, Robert O.Young, Ned W.DiscussionEccentrically Braced Frame Construction--A Case HistoryLibby, James R.DiscussionStability of Metal Structures- A World View (Part 2)SSRC, ECCS, LRCJ,CMEADiscussion19821st QuarterPredesigned Bolted Framing Angle ConnectionsAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionComputing The Effective Plastic MomentCarskaddan, Phillip S.Grubb, Michael A.Haaijer, GeerhardSuggestions for Avoiding Beam- to- Column Web Connection FailureBeedle, Lynn S.Driscoll, George C., Jr.Plastic Behavior of Beams with Mid-Depth Web OpeningsAfifi Aglan, AhmedQaqish, SamihStability of Metal Structures--A World View (Part 3)SSRC, ECCS, LRCJ,CMEA2nd QuarterDesign of W-Shapes for Combined Bending and TorsionJohnston, Bruce G.ErrataDiscussionDiscussionDiscussionErrataCorrectionSteel Members Subject to Axial Tension and Biaxial Bending MomentsHsu, C.T.T.Errata: Simplified Design for Torsional Loading of Rolled Steel MembersLin, Phillip H.Calculator Program for Determining Properties of Built-up or Composite MembersGossett, Stephen R.DiscussionRapid Determination of Ultimate Strength of Eccentrically Loaded Bolt GroupsBrandt, G. DonaldDiscussionDiscussionDiscussionStability of Metal Structures- A World View (Part 4)SSRC, ECCS, LRCJ,CMEADiscussion: Structural Details in Industrial BuildingsFisher, James M.Marx, ChristopherDiscussion: Stability of Metal Structures--A World View (Part 2)Wolchuk, RomanDiscussion: Stability of Metal Structures--A World View (Part 1)Clark, J.W.3rd QuarterSeismic Steel Framing Systems for Tall BuildingsPopov, Egor P.A General Solution for Eccentric Loads on Weld GroupsBrandt, G. DonaldLateral Wind Bracing Requirements for Steel Composite BridgesHeins, Conrad P.Hou, C.K.Kato, H.Errata: Design of W-Shapes for Combined Bending and TorsionJohnston, Bruce G.Effect of Hole-Making on the Strength of Double Lap JointsIwankiw, Nestor R.Schlafly, ThomasDiscussion: Design Aids for Single-Plate Framing ConnectionsGriffiths, John D.4th QuarterTips for Avoiding Crane Runway ProblemsRicker, David T.Allowable Stress for Bending MembersMaitra, N.DiscussionDesign of Single Plate Framing Connections with A307 BoltsHormby, David E.Kriegh, James D.Richard, Ralph M.DiscussionDiscussionDiscussion: Calculator Program for Determining Properties of Built-Up or Composite MembersChesson, E., Jr.Discussion: Rapid Determination of Ultimate Strength of Eccentrically Loaded Bolt GroupsMarsh, CedricDiscussion: Design of W-Shapes for Combined Bending and TorsionSalmon, Charles G.19831st QuarterCalculation of Wind Drift in Staggered-Truss BuildingsLeffler, Robert E.End Restraint and Column Design Using LRFDChen, Wai-FahLui, E.M.DiscussionConsiderations in the Design of Bolted Joints for Weathering SteelBrockenbrough, R.L.Discussion: Rapid Determination of Ultimate Strength of Eccentrically Loaded Bolt GroupsBrandt, G. DonaldIwankiw, Nestor R.2nd QuarterBuckling of One-Story FramesSchilling, Charles G.DiscussionClosureDesign of Headed Anchor BoltsHaninger, Edward R.Shipp, John G.DiscussionSteel Shear Walls for Existing BuildingsBaldelli, Joseph A., Jr.Some Economic Considerations for Composite Floor BeamsLorenz, Robert F.Discussion: Design of W-Shapes for Combined Bending and TorsionLin, Phillip H.Discussion: Rapid Determination of Ultimate Strength of Eccentrically Loaded Bolt GroupsIwankiw, Nestor R.3rd QuarterInteractive Computer Graphics in Steel Analysis/Design--A Progress ReportMcGuire, WilliamPesquera, Carlos I.The Importance of Tension Chord BracingFisher, James M.DiscussionEconomics of Low-Rise Steel-Framed StructuresRuddy, John L.Discussion: Allowable Stress for Bending MembersParikh, PrabhakarDiscussion: Eccentrically Braced Frame Construction--A Case HistoryPopov, Egor P.4th QuarterSteel Box Girder Bridges-Design Guides and MethodsHeins, Conrad P.Design of Lightly Loaded Steel Column Base PlatesMurray, Thomas M.Web Design Under Compressive Edge LoadsElgaaly, MohamedLateral Stiffness of Core/Outrigger SystemsBoggs, P.C.Gasparini, D.A.Analysis of Knee-Braced Portal Frames for Vertical LoadingSurtees, John O.Vilas, Howard K.19841st QuarterEffect of End Restraint on Column Strength-Practical ApplicationsBjorhovde, ReidarDiscussionDiscussionVertically Curved Girder FlangesNair, R. ShankarErrataNote on Beam-Column Moment Amplification FactorIwankiw, Nestor R.DiscussionFast Check for Laterally Supported Beam CapacityOdeh, M. DavidDiscussionEnd-Plate Moment Connections- Their Use and MisuseGriffiths, John D.ErrataSafe Load for Laterally Unsupported AnglesLay, M.G.Leigh, J.M.Thomas, B.F.Structural System--Getty Plaza TowerWong, CharlesEngineering for Steel ConstructionDisque, Robert O.Introduction to the Proposed AISC Load and Resistance Factor Design SpecificationEdinger, John A.Discussion: Design of W-Shapes for Combined Bending and TorsionJohnston, Bruce G.Errata: Design of W-Shapes for Combined Bending and TorsionJohnston, Bruce G.2nd QuarterFinite Element Modeling of Girders with Large Web OpeningsBerak, E.G.Watwood, V.B.Structural Engineering for the 80's and BeyondMcGuire, WilliamErrata: End-Plate Moment Connections: Their Use and MisuseUnknown AuthorEconomical Steel Plate Girder BridgesEconomical Steel Plate Girder BridgesKnight, Richard P.Discussion: End Restraint and Column Design Using LRFDAbrahams, Michael J.Chen, Wai-FahLui, E.M.Tide, Raymond H.R.Yoganandan, NaryanSimplified Approach to the Analysis and Design of Columns with ImperfectionsChen, Wai-FahLui, E.M.Discussion: Design of Headed Anchor BoltsHaninger, Edward R.Sherman, William C.Shipp, John G.Book Review: Detailing for Steel Construction (AISC)Stanczak, John S.Design Aid for Deflection of Simple Beams Under Concentrated LoadsMazzarella, M. Max, Sr.Discussion: The Importance of Tension Chord BracingFisher, James M.3rd QuarterSingle-Plate Framing Connections with Grade-50 Steel and Composite ConstructionHormby, David E.Kriegh, James D.Richard, Ralph M.ErrataBracing Connections for Heavy ConstructionThornton, William A.Industrial Buildings-Guidelines and CriteriaFisher, James M.A Composite Girder System for Joist Supported SlabsRongoe, JamesColumn Web Compression Strength at End-Plate ConnectionsHendrick, AlanMurray, Thomas M.Discussion: Fast Check for Laterally Supported Beam CapacityFleischer, Walter H.Odeh, M. DavidBolted Shear Connections with Painted SurfacesFouad, Fouad H.Frank, Karl H.Yura, Joseph A.Concrete Slab Stresses in Partial Composite Beams and GirdersLorenz, Robert F.Stockwell, Frank W., Jr.Errata4th QuarterThe Application of Flexural Methods to Torsional Analysis of Thin-walled Open SectionsBoothby, Thomas E.DiscussionDirect Determination of Required Rigidities for Multiple-Bracing FramesWechsler, Marius B.Discussion: Buckling of One-Story FramesCorrenti, Dan S.Springfield, JohnZweig, AlfredClosure: Buckling of One-Story FramesSchilling, Charles G.Discussion: Structural Details in Industrial BuildingsFisher, James M.Adjusting the Beam-line Method for Positive-moment YieldingCarskaddan, Phillip S.Grubb, Michael A.Haaijer, GeerhardCorrection: Design of W-Shapes for Combined Bending and TorsionJohnston, Bruce G.Discussion: Design of Single Plate Framing Connections with A307 BoltsBecker, Edward P.Richard, Ralph M.Analysis of Knee-braced Portal Frames for Vertical Loading: Part 2-Columns of Unequal StiffnessSurtees, John O.Vilas, Howard K.Nonlinear Analysis of Eccentric Bolted ConnectionsRutenberg, Avigdor19851st QuarterDesign and Optimization of Plate Girders and Weld-fabricated Beams for Building ConstructionFleischer, Walter H.Errata: Concrete Slab Stresses in Partial Composite Beams and GirdersLorenz, Robert F.Stockwell, Frank W., Jr.Errata: Single-Plate Framing Connections with Grade-50 Steel and Composite ConstructionHormby, David E.Kriegh, James D.Richard, Ralph M.Bracket Loaded Webs with Low Slenderness RatiosAinso, HeinoBatson, Gordon B.Hopper, Bruce E.Automated Search for Optimal Standard SectionsGinsburg, S.Kaaz, G.A General Solution for the Governing Bending EquationMoore, William E., IIDiscussionMultiple Bolt Anchorages: Method for Determining the Effective Projected Area of Overlapping Stress ConesBurdette, Edwin G.Marsh, M. LeeErrataAnchorage of Steel Building Components to ConcreteBurdette, Edwin G.Marsh, M. LeeBin Supports--A Caution to DesignersMoore, Jay P.DiscussionDiscussion: Effect of End Restraint on Column Strength-Practical ApplicationsBjorhovde, ReidarChen, Wai-FahGerstle, Kurt H.Lui, E.M.Discussion: Note on Beam-Column Moment Amplication FactorLu, Le-WuYura, Joseph A.Discussion: Design of Single-Plate Framing Connections with A307 BoltsBecker, Edward P.Richard, Ralph M.2nd QuarterDeflections of Stepped Beams and GirdersYamamoto, Y. EugeneProcedure for a Design and Analysis of Hanger-type ConnectionsAstaneh-Asl, AbolhassanPrying Action- A General TreatmentThornton, William A.Discussion: Effect of End Restraint on Column Strength--Practical ApplicationsBjorhovde, ReidarNew Design Criteria for Gusset Plates in TensionBjorhovde, ReidarHardash, Steve G.Errata: Vertically Curved Girder FlangesNair, R. ShankarBook Review: Design of Steel Bins for Storage of Bulk Solids (Gaylord & Gaylord, Prentice-Hall, 1984)Iwankiw, Nestor R.Approximate Stiffness and Bending Strength for Compact-Rolled SectionsLampitt, Edwin A.DiscussionBolt Preload Measurements Using Ultrasonic MethodsNotch, James S.3rd QuarterColumns with End Restraint and Bending in Load and Resistance Factor DesignChen, Wai-FahLui, E.M.ErrataAllowable Bending Stresses for Overhanging MonorailsTanner, N. StephenEffect of Burrs on Bolted Friction ConnectionsPolyzois, D.Yura, Joseph A.Computer-Aided Analysis and Design of Steel FramesMehringer, VincentOrbison, James G.Pierson, GeorgeErrataTesting Method to Determine Slip Coefficient for Coatings Used in Bolted JointsFrank, Karl H.Yura, Joseph A.4th QuarterLRFD Analysis and Design of Beams with Partially Restrained ConnectionsGoverdhan, ArvindLindsey, Stanley D.Loannides, Socrates A.A Unified Approach for Stability Bracing RequirementsFisher, James M.Lutz, Leroy A.Effective Width Criteria for Composite BeamsBjorhovde, ReidarVallenilla, Cesar R.Discussion: The Application of Flexural Methods to Torsional Analysis of Thin-walled Open SectionsBoothby, Thomas E.A Design Aid for Connection Angle Welds Subjected to Combined Shear and Axial LoadsKane, ThomasLoomis, Kenneth M.Thornton, William A.19861st QuarterStepped Columns: A Simplified Design MethodCastiglioni, Carlo A.Cyclic Behavior of Large Beam-column AssembliesAmin, Navin R.Louie, Jason J.C.Popov, Egor P.Stephen, Roy M.Tension Butt Joints with Bolts and Welds in CombinationBowman, Mark D.Jarosch, K.H.Errata: Computer-aided Analysis and Design of Steel FramesMehringer, VincentOrbison, James G.Pierson, GeorgeDiscussion: A General Solution for the Governing Bending EquationBudeshtsky, Rudolf J.Writing for Publication: The Engineer's ObligationFriedstein, HarrietEffective Length Factor for the Design of X-bracing SystemsEl-Tayem, Adel A.Goel, Subhash C.2nd QuarterThe Disposable Knee-bracing Technique in Steel FramesAristizabal-Ochoa, J. DarioA Programmable Solution for Stepped Crane ColumnsMoore, William E., IISome Design Considerations for Composite-frame StructuresGriffis, Lawrence G.Effect of Overspray and Incomplete Masking of Faying Surfaces on the Slip Resistance of Bolted ConnectionsFrank, Karl H.Polyzois, D.Discussion: Bin Supports--A Caution to DesignersMoore, Jay P.Use of High-strength Steel for Simply Supported BeamsWechsler, Marius B.Limit Analysis and Plastic Design of Grid SystemsVukov, AnteDesign Loads for Seated-beam in LRFDBrockenbrough, R.L.Garrett, J.H., Jr.3rd QuarterPlastic Analysis of Pinned-base Haunched Gable FramesParsanejad, S.The Use of Jumbo Shapes in Non-column ApplicationsAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionDesign Solutions Utilizing the Staggered-steel Truss SystemCohen, Michael P.Ponding of Concrete Deck FloorsRuddy, John L.Discussion: Approximate Stiffness and Bending Strength for Compact-rolled SectionsLampitt, Edwin A.Deformations in Cold-bent HSS MembersBrady, FrankKennedy, John B.Seddeik, MokhtarCombined Shear and Tension StressesGoel, Subhash C.A Modified Tube Concept for Tall BuildingsNair, R. Shankar4th QuarterEarthquake-resistant Design of Double-angle BracingsAstaneh-Asl, AbolhassanGoel, Subhash C.Hanson, Robert D.ErrataViscoelastic Damping Devices Proving Effective in Tall BuildingsCaldwell, D.B.Least Cost Computer-aided Design of Steel GirdersAnderson, Katherine E.Chong, Ken P.Moments on Beam-Columns with Flexible Connections in Braced FramesBrown, Jack H.Erecting the Staggered-truss System: A View from the FieldHassler, Arthur E.A Beam Design Aid for Structural TubingSiddiqui, Faruq M.A.19871st QuarterThe AASHTO Guide Specification for Alternate Load-factor Design Procedures for Steel Beam BridgesGrubb, Michael A.Plate Girder Design Using LRFDZahn, Cynthia J.Lateral Load Distribution in Multi-girder BridgesWalker, William H.CorrectionDesign of a Rolled Beam Bridge by New AASHTO Guide Specification for Compact Braced SectionsHolt, Robert C.Hourigan, Edward V.Computer-aided Design of Horizontally Curved Girders by the V-load MethodPoellot, William N., Jr.2nd QuarterBehavior of Semi-rigid Composite ConnectionsAmmerman, DouglasLeon, Roberto T.Experience with Use of Heavy W Shapes in TensionFisher, John W.Pense, Alan W.Errata: Earthquake-Resistant Design of Double-angle BracingUnknown AuthorThe Significance of Weld Continuities Regarding Plastic FailureGresnigt, A.M.The Economies of LRFD in Composite Floor BeamsZahn, Mark C.3rd QuarterJointless Bridge DecksWasserman, Edward P.Mill Building Frame Analysis: Distribution of Lateral LoadsVilas, Howard K.ErrataApplications of Orthotropic Decks in Bridge RehabilitationWolchuk, RomanDesign of Diagonal Cross Bracings: Part 1 Theoretical StudyBeaulieu, D.Picard, A.DiscussionMaterial Considerations in Structural Steel DesignBarsom, J.M.Discussion4th QuarterSimplified Frame Design of Type PR ConstructionAckroyd, Michael H.Semi-rigid Composite Steel FramesAmmerman, DouglasLeon, Roberto T.Lin, JihshyaMcCauley, Robert D.Composite Cable-stayed Bridges The Concept with the Competitive EdgeTaylor, Peter R.Design for Eccentric and Inclined Loads on Bolt and Weld GroupsIwankiw, Nestor R.Discussion19881st QuarterField Welding to Existing Steel StructuresRicker, David T.A Conceptual Approach to Prevent Crack-related Failure of Steel BridgesMcNamara, Michael P.Verma, Krishna K.Columns: From Theory to PracticeBjorhovde, ReidarUnderstanding Composite Beam Design Methods Using LRFDLorenz, Robert F.Flexural-torsional Buckling for Pairs of Angles Used as ColumnsBrandt, G. DonaldCode of Standard Practice For Steel Buildings and BridgesUnknown Author2nd QuarterDesign of 8-bolt Stiffened Moment End PlatesKukreti, Anant R.Murray, Thomas M.DiscussionDiscussion: Simplified Design of 8-Bolt Stiffened Moment End PlatesGriffiths, John D.Wooten, J.M.Optimal Design of Cantilever-suspended GirdersGurfinkel, GermanErrata: Columns with End Restraint and Bending in Load and Resistance Factor DesignChen, Wai-FahLui, E.M.Design of Partially or Fully Composite Beams with Ribbed Metal Deck Using LRFD SpecificationsFoley, Christopher M.Vinnakota, Murthy R.Vinnakota, SriramulaLRFD and the Structural Engineering CurriculumGeschwindner, Louis F.3rd QuarterA Practical P-Delta Analysis Method for Type FR and PR FramesLui, E.M.DiscussionErrataConnection Flexibility and Beam Design in Non-sway FramesDavison, J. BuickKirby, Patrick A.Nethercot, D.A.Effect of Connector Spacing and Flexural-torsional Buckling on Double-angle Compressive StrengthHaaijer, GeerhardZahn, Cynthia J.Parking Structure with a Post-tensioned DeckBakota, John F.Errata: Mill Building Frame Analysis: Distribution of Lateral LoadsVilas, Howard K.Discussion: Design for Eccentric and Inclined Loads on Bolts and Weld GroupsIwankiw, Nestor R.Traian, Miguel4th QuarterPreliminary Minimum Weight Design of Moment Frames for Lateral LoadingGrigorian, MarkGrigorian, CarlA New Approach to Floor Vibration AnalysisTolaymat, Raed A.Secondary Stresses in TrussesNair, R. ShankarPlastic Collapse Load of Continuous Composite Plate GirdersGalambos, Theodore V.Kubo, MasahiroDesign of Diagonal Cross-bracings Part 2: Experimental StudyBeaulieu, D.Picard, A.CorrectionDiscussionReinforcing Loaded Steel Compression MembersBrown, Jack H.19891st QuarterServiceability Guidelines for Steel StructuresEllingwood, Bruce R.Design of Tee Framing Shear ConnectionsAstaneh-Asl, AbolhassanNadar, Marwan N.Design of Single Plate Shear ConnectionsAstaneh-Asl, AbolhassanCall, Steven M.McMullin, Kurt M.DiscussionThe Reinforcement of Steel ColumnsTall, Lambert2nd QuarterColumn Flange Strength at Moment End-Plate ConnectionsCurtis, Larry E.Murray, Thomas M.Performance of Large Seismic Steel Moment Connections Under Cyclic LoadsPopov, Egor P.Tsai, K.C.ErrataUniform Pin-based Crane Columns, Effective LengthsFraser, Donald J.Eccentrically Braced Frames: U.S. PracticeEngelhardt, Michael D.Popov, Egor P.Ricles, James M.3rd QuarterSome Practical Aspects of Column Base SelectionRicker, David T.Correction: Lateral Load Distribution in Multi-girder BridgesWalker, William H.Correction: Design of Diagonal Cross-bracings Part 2: Experimental StudyBeaulieu, D.Picard, A.The Results of Experiments on Seated Beam ConnectionsDailey, Ronald H.Roeder, Charles W.Variation of Lift Load Distribution Due to Sling Length ToleranceDuerr, DavidErrataSurvey of Existing Studies on the Strength and Deformation of Spherical Joints in Steel Space TrussesArciszewski, T.Olowokere, O.D.Uduma, K.What Structural Engineers and Fabricators Need to Know About Weld MetalMiller, Duane K.Selecting Laterally Unsupported Beams of Least WeightBrandt, G. DonaldDesign Aid for Required Moment of Inertia of Simple BeamsEisenman, Mark L.4th QuarterAutostress Design Using Compact Welded BeamsGrubb, Michael A.On Beam-Column Moment Amplification FactorChen, Wai-FahDuan, LianSohal, Iqbal S.DiscussionCambering Steel BeamsRicker, David T.Flexural-Torsional Buckling and its Implications for Steel Compression Member DesignIwankiw, Nestor R.Zahn, Cynthia J.Discussion: Design of Diagonal Cross-Bracings-Part 1: Theoretical Study; Part 2: Experimental StudyBeaulieu, D.Picard, A.Stoman, Sayed H.19901st QuarterSemi-Rigid Composite Connections for Gravity LoadsAmmerman, DouglasLeon, Roberto T.Unbraced Frames with Semi-Rigid Composite ConnectionsAmmerman, DouglasLeon, Roberto T.Behavior and Design of Flexibly- Connected Building FramesAckroyd, Michael H.Gerstle, Kurt H.Notes on Bracing DesignWyczolkowski, AdamApproximate Plastic Modulus of Wide Flange Beam SectionsGilsanz, RamonAllowable Bending Stress of Steel PipesChakrabarti, S.K.Discussion: A Practical P-Delta Analysis Method for Type FR and PR FramesCarskaddan, Phillip S.Lui, E.M.Discussion: Material Considerations in Structural Steel DesignStecich, J.Errata: Performance of Large Seismic Steel Moment Connections Under Cyclic LoadsPopov, Egor P.Tsai, K.C.Errata: Variation of Lift Load Distribution Due to Sling Length ToleranceDuerr, DavidErrata: A Practical P-Delta Analysis Method for Type FR and PR FramesLui, E.M.2nd QuarterDesign of Connectors in Web-Flange Beam or Girder SplicesGreen, Deborah L.Kulak, Geoffrey L.The In-Plane Stability of a Frame Containing Pin-Based Stepped ColumnsFraser, Donald J.Practical Analysis of Semi- Rigid FramesBarakat, MunzerChen, Wai-FahElectronic Spreadsheet Tools for Semi- Rigid FramesAckroyd, Michael H.LRFD Aid for Tubeshaped BeamsSiddiqui, Faruq M.A.Usman, AliAutomated Second-Order Elastic Analysis for Steel Space FramesFolse, Michael D.Harris, Barton H.3rd QuarterExperimental Study of Gusseted ConnectionsGross, John L.Hardness Testing of Thermal Cut Edges of SteelWilson, Alexander D.Inconsistencies in Column Base Plate Design in the New AISC ASD ManualAhmed, SalahuddinKreps, Robert R.Design of Small Base Plates for Wide Flange ColumnsThornton, William A.LRFD Beam Tables for Structural TubesSputo, ThomasShort Span Pre-Stressed Steel BridgesDensford, Thomas A.Hendrick, Thomas L.Murray, Thomas M.Discussion: Design of Single Plate Shear ConnectionsRichard, Ralph M.Errata: Flexural-Torsional Buckling and its Implications for Steel Compression Member DesignIwankiw, Nestor R.Zahn, Cynthia J.4th QuarterReinforcing Steel Members and the Effects of WeldingTide, Raymond H.R.Behavior of a Two-Span Continuous Plate Girder Bridge Designed by the Alternate Load Factor MethodGrubb, Michael A.Moore, MarkProposed Revision of the Equivalent Axial Load Method for LRFD Steel and Composite Beam-Column DesignLeet, Kenneth M.Uang, Chia-MingWattar, Samer W.A Method To Predict the Fire Resistance of Steel Building ColumnsAlmand, K.H.Lie, T.T.Discussion: On Beam-Column Moment Amplification FactorDumonteil, PierreDesign of Base Plates for Wide Flange Columns: A Concatenation of MethodsThornton, William A.19911st QuarterFull-Scale Tests of Butt-Welded Splices in Heavy-Rolled Steel Sections Subjected to Primary Tensile StressesBruneau, MichelMahin, Stephen A.Top-and-Seat-Angle Connections and End-Plate Connections: Snug vs. Fully Pretensioned BoltsChasten, Cameron P.Driscoll, George C., Jr.Fleischman, Robert B.Lu, Le-WuDesigning Longitudinal Welds for Bridge MembersAlexander, Warren G.Load Combinations for Buildings Exposed to FiresCorotis, Ross B.Ellingwood, Bruce R.Redundancy in Highway BridgesFrangopol, Dan M.Nakib, Rachid2nd QuarterDesign Analysis of Semi-Rigid Frames: Evaluation and ImplementationBarakat, MunzerChen, Wai-FahTables for Equal Single Angles in CompressionWalker, Wayne W.1989 AISC Specification (Ninth Edition) Allowable Bending Stress Design AidHulshizer, Allen J.A Simplified Look at Partially Restrained BeamsGeschwindner, Louis F.Design Strength of Schifflerized Angle StrutsAdluri, Seshu Madhava RaoMadugula, Murty K.S.3rd QuarterBeam Design in PR Braced Steel FramesZandonini, RiccardoZanon, PaoloBuckling of Prestressed Steel GirdersBradford, Mark A.Building Floor VibrationsMurray, Thomas M.ErrataReuse of A325 and A490 High-Strength BoltsBetancourt, MiguelBowman, Mark D.U.S. Seismic Steel CodesPopov, Egor P.Stiffness Reduction Factor for LRFD of ColumnsHarichandran, Ronald S.Editor's Note: 1989 AISC Specification (Ninth Edition) Allowable Bending Stress Design Aid (paper by Allen J. Hulshizer)Unknown Author4th QuarterApplication of Second-Order Elastic Analysis in LRFD: Research to PracticeHajjar, Jerome F.White, Donald W.Design and Construction of Lifting BeamsRicker, David T.ErrataAn Analytical Criterion for Buckling Strength of Built-up Compression MembersAslani, FarhangGoel, Subhash C.Unified Autostress MethodSchilling, Charles G.Errata:: Building Floor VibrationsMurray, Thomas M.19921st QuarterA Method for Incorporating Live Load Reduction Provisions in Frame AnalysisMcGuire, WilliamZiemian, Ronald D.High-Strength Bolts for BridgesBeckmann, Fred R.Verma, Krishna K.Reliability of Rotational Behavior of Framing ConnectionsGerstle, Kurt H.Rauscher, Thomas R.The Significance and Application of Cb in Beam DesignZuraski, Patrick D.An Equivalent Radius of Gyration Approach to Flexural-Torsional Buckling for Singly Symmetric SectionsBakos, Jack D.O'Leary, James A.Forces on Bracing SystemsNair, R. Shankar2nd QuarterNon-Slender Single Angle StrutsDagher, H.Davids, W.Elgaaly, MohamedEccentrically Loaded Steel Single Angle StrutsAdluri, Seshu Madhava RaoMadugula, Murty K.S.Flexural Strength of WT SectionsEllifritt, Duane S.Samuel, SantoshSputo, ThomasWine, GregoryAn Experimental Study of Block Shear Failure of Angles in TensionEpstein, Howard I.Errata3rd QuarterDistortion-Induced Cracking During TransitRoddis, W.M. KimLoad and Resistance Factor Design of Welded Box Section TrussesHenderson, J.E.Packer, Jeffrey A.Wardenier, JaapAnalytical Criteria for Stitch Strength of Built-Up Compression MembersAslani, FarhangGoel, Subhash C.Simple Equations for Effective Length FactorsDumonteil, PierreDiscussionCorrectionApplication of Tuned Mass Dampers To Control Vibrations of Composite Floor SystemsVaicaitis, RimasWebster, Anthony C.4th QuarterFast Check for Block ShearBurgett, Lewis B.CorrectionStructural Details To Increase Ductility of ConnectionsBlodgett, Omer W.Design Aid-Anchor Bolt Interaction of Shear and Tension LoadsScacco, Mario N.Design Chart for Vibration of Office and Residential FloorsHatfield, Frank J.Strength and Serviceability of Hanger ConnectionsThornton, William A.CorrectionA Novel Approach for K Factor DeterminationLui, E.M.Computers and Steel DesignMcGuire, William19931st QuarterServiceability Limit States Under Wind LoadGriffis, Lawrence G.Design Strength of Concentrically Loaded Single Angle StrutsZureick, A.The Warping Constant for the W-Section with a Channel CapEllifritt, Duane S.Lue, TonyThe Economic Impact of Overspecifying Simple ConnectionsCarter, Charles J.Geschwindner, Louis F.Discussion: Simple Equations for Effective Length FactorsMoore, William E., IICorrection: Simple Equations for Effective Length FactorsDumonteil, PierreCorrection: Fast Check for Block ShearBurgett, Lewis B.2nd QuarterDesign of Pipe Column Base Plates Under Gravity LoadSputo, ThomasDiscussionDiscussionCorrectionStrength of Shear Studs in Steel Deck on Composite Beams and JoistsEasterling, W. SamuelGibbings, David R.Murray, Thomas M.Earthquakes: Steel Structures Performance and Design Code DevelopmentsMarsh, James W.SI Units for Structural Steel DesignAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionComposite Girders with Partial Restraints: A New ApproachWexler, Neil3rd QuarterShear Lag Effects in Steel Tension MembersEasterling, W. SamuelGonzalez Giroux, LisaDesign Aid of Semi-rigid Connections for Frame AnalysisChen, Wai-FahGoto, Y.Kishi, N.Matsuoka, K.G.A Tentative Design Guideline for a New Steel Beam Connection Detail to Composite Tube ColumnsAzizinamini, AtorodPrakash, Bangalore4th QuarterDesign Criterion for Vibrations Due to WalkingAllen, D.E.Murray, Thomas M.LRFD Analysis for Semi-Rigid Frame DesignChen, Wai-FahKing, Won SunDesign of I-Beam to Box-Column Connections Stiffened ExternallyLee, Seng-LipShanmugam, Nandivaram E.Ting, Lia-ChoonDiscussionDiscussion: Design of Pipe Column Base Plates Under Gravity LoadIwankiw, Nestor R.Sputo, ThomasErrata: ASD/LRFD Volume II- Connections Shear Tab Design TablesUnknown Author19941st QuarterRemoval of Yield Stress Limitation for Composite Tubular ColumnsBjorhovde, ReidarBruce, Donald A.Kenny, John R.Column Base Plate Design TableChhabra, Surendra J.Ductility of Non-Compact Steel Bridge BeamsTabsh, Sami W.Frame Response Considering Plastic Panel HingesFielding, David J.2nd QuarterLocal Buckling Rules for Rotation CapacityDaali, M.L.Korol, R.M.Optimal Design of Steel Frames to Enhance Overall StabilityHjelmstad, K.D.Pezeshk, S.Composite Semi-Rigid ConstructionLeon, Roberto T.Geometric Properties of Hot-Rolled Steel Angles Including the Effects of Toe Radii and FilletMadhava Rao Adluri, SeshuMadugula, Murty K.S.3rd QuarterThe Accuracy of Column Stability Calculations in Unbraced Frames and the Influence of Columns with Effective Length Factors Less Than OneHajjar, Jerome F.White, Donald W.Examination of Fillet Weld StrengthBowman, Mark D.Quinn, Brian P.Discussion: Design of Pipe Column Base Plates Under Gravity LoadValley, MichaelCorrection: Discussion of Design of Column Base Plates Under Gravity LoadIwankiw, Nestor R.Sputo, ThomasDiscussion: Design of I-Beam to Box-Column Connections Stiffened ExternallyIwankiw, Nestor R.Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Semi-Rigid Top-and-Seat Angle ConnectionsChen, Stuart S.Mander, John B.Pekcan, Gokhan4th QuarterPractical Approaches in Mill Building Columns Subjected to Heavy Crane LoadsBendapudi, Kasi V.A Practical Approach to the ""Leaning"" ColumnGeschwindner, Louis F.CorrectionGeometrical and Mechanical Properties of Large Rolled Steel AnglesKajita, YasuyukiKojima, ToshifumiMadugula, Murty K.S.Ohama, Michihiro19951st QuarterAn Assessment of K Factor FormulasChen, Wai-FahShanmugam, Nandivaram E.Steel Frame Stability DesignVisser, MikeEffects of Connection Stiffness and Plasticity on the Service Load Behavior of Unbraced Steel FramesBhatti, M. AsgharHingtgen, James E.Inelastic Design of Steel Girder BridgesBarker, Michael G.2nd QuarterBuckling of Webs in Unsymmetric Plate GirdersFrank, Karl H.Helwig, Todd A.Low-Cycle Variable Amplitude Fatigue Modeling of Top-and-Seat Angle ConnectionsChen, Stuart S.Mander, John B.Pekcan, GokhanA Practical Approach to the ""Leaning"" ColumnGeschwindner, Louis F.Effective Width of Composite L-Beams in BuildingsBrosnan, David P.Uang, Chia-Ming3rd QuarterPrestressed Steel Girders for Single Span BridgesSnyder, Russell D.DiscussionOptimal Cost Design of Semi-Rigid, Low-Rise Industrial FramesGrierson, Donald E.Sherbourne, Archie N.Xu, LeiEffective Lengths of Uniform and Stepped Crane ColumnsLui, E.M.Sun, ManqingInfluence of Cross Frames on Load Resisting Capacity of Steel Girder BridgesAzizinamini, AtorodBeacham, Michael W.Kathol, SteveBlock Shear Tests in High-Strength Steel AnglesGross, Jeremy M.Orbison, James G.Ziemian, Ronald D.4th QuarterSteel Rigid Frames With Leaning Columns-1993 LRFD ExampleFolse, Michael D.Nowak, Paul S.CorrectionConnections: Art, Science, and Information in the Quest for Economy and SafetyThornton, William A.Partially Restrained Composite Beam-To-Girder ConnectionsEasterling, W. SamuelRex, Clinton O.Correction: A Practical Approach to the "Leaning" ColumnGeschwindner, Louis F.19961st QuarterThe Effect of Burrs on the Shear Capacity of Bearing ConnectionsSaleh, Y.Zwerneman, F.J.Comparative Effectiveness of Tightening Techniques for A490 1 1/4- in. Diameter BoltsAbruzzo, JohnDahl, Joan S.Fisher, John W.Lu, Le-WuDiscussionOptimum Cost Design of Partially Composite Steel Beams Using LRFDBhatti, M. AsgharEffects of the Latest LRFD Block Shear Code ChangeEpstein, Howard I.A Rational Approach to Design of Tee Shear ConnectionsThornton, William A.Correction: Steel Rigid Frames with Leaning ColumnsFolse, Michael D.Nowak, Paul S.Correction: Strength and Serviceability of Hanger ConnectionsThornton, William A.2nd QuarterSpecifying Bolt Length for High-Strength BoltsCarter, Charles J.DiscussionClosureFatigue Life of Double Angle Tension MembersChristopher, Bradley P.Cousins, Thomas E.Stallings, J. MichaelStrengthening of Existing Composite Beams Using LRFD ProceduresMiller, John P.DiscussionCritiqueErrataA Closer Examination of the Axial Capacity of Eccentrically Loaded Single Angle StrutsLutz, Leroy A.Critique: Comparative Effectiveness of Tightening Techniques for A490 1-in. Diameter BoltsFlucker, Ronald L.Sharp, David F.3rd QuarterOptimization of Large Steel Truss Structures Using Standard Cross SectionsAdeli, H.Soegiarso, R.Improved Shear Strength of Webs Designed in Accordance with the LRFD SpecificationBradford, Mark A.DiscussionClosureDesigning With Structural TubingSherman, Donald R.Future Use of Composite Steel-Concrete Columns in Highway BridgesItani, Ahmad M.Discussion: Prestressed Steel Girders for Single Span BridgesKocsis, Peter4th QuarterThe Effect of Eccentricity on Brace-to-gussetThornton, William A.Practical Advanced Analysis for Semi-rigid Frame DesignChen, Wai-FahKim, Seung-EockFormulas for Beams with Semi-rigid ConnectionsKotlyar, NathanBlock Shear of Structural Tees in Tension- Alternate PathsEpstein, Howard I.LRFD Crane Girder Design Procedure and AidsLaman, Jeffrey A.19971st QuarterUltimate Strength Considerations for Seismic Design of the Reduced Beam Section (Internal Plastic Hinge)Iwankiw, Nestor R.Appendix A: Beam Gravity Load ConsiderationsIwankiw, Nestor R.Appendix B: Corollary for Cover-Plated Connections (without RBS)Iwankiw, Nestor R.Appendix C: Elastic Stiffness Change for Reduced Beam SectionIwankiw, Nestor R.Appendix D: Combination Detail (RBS With Nominal End Reinforcement)Iwankiw, Nestor R.Design of Tension Circular Flange Joints in Tubular StructuresCao, JunjiePacker, Jeffrey A.Load and Resistance Factor Design and Analysis of Stepped Crane Columns in Industrial BuildingsKennedy, D.J.L.MacCrimmon, Robert A.Discussion: Comparative Effectiveness of Tightening Techniques for A490 1 1/4-in. Diameter BoltsAbruzzo, JohnDahl, Joan S.Fisher, John W.Lu, Le-Wu2nd QuarterTruss Analogy for Steel Moment ConnectionsGoel, Subhash C.Lee, Kyoung-HyeogStojadinovic, BozidarOptimization of Large Space Frame Steel StructuresAdeli, H.Soegiarso, R.The Dogbone: Back to the FuturePlumier, AndreRational Basis for Increased Fillet Weld StrengthIwankiw, Nestor R.ErrataErrata3rd QuarterA Summary of Changes and Derivation of LRFD Bolt Design ProvisionsCarter, Charles J.Tide, Raymond H.R.Yura, Joseph A.DiscussionClosureErrataThe Restraint Girder System- Local Web Buckling Behavior and Design ConsiderationsWexler, NeilThe Behavior and Load-Carrying Capacity of Unstiffened Seated-Beam ConnectionsBowman, Mark D.Chen, Wai-FahYang, W.H.DiscussionErrataErrataCalculation of the Plastic Section Modulus Using the ComputerBauer, Dominique BernardDiscussion: Specifying Bolt Length for High-Strength BoltsFlucker, Ronald L.Closure: Specifying Bolt Length for High-Strength BoltsCarter, Charles J.Discussion: Strengthening of Existing Composite Beams Using LRFD ProceduresKocsis, PeterErrata: Rational Basis for Increased Fillet Weld StrengthIwankiw, Nestor R.4th QuarterSteel Moment Frames with Ductile Girder Web OpeningGoel, Subhash C.Leelataviwat, SutatStojadinovic, BozidarPractical Application of Energy Methods to Structural Stability ProblemsNair, R. ShankarErrataLow-Rise Building Wind Load ProvisionsChiu, Gregory L.F.Perry, Dale C.Discussion: The Behavior and Load-Carrying Capacity of Unstiffened Seated Beam ConnectionsCarter, Charles J.Murray, Thomas M.Thornton, William A.ErrataCritique: Strengthening of Existing Composite Beams Using LRFD ProceduresWanant, Sompandh19981st QuarterSteel Built-up Girders with Trapezoidally Corrugated WebsElgaaly, MohamedSeshadri, AnandLive Load Distribution in Integral Composite Steel BridgesMourad, ShehabTabsh, Sami W.Practical Compactness and Bracing Provisions for the Design of Single Angle BeamsEarls, C.J.Galambos, Theodore V.Integrity of Structural Steel After Exposure to FireTide, Raymond H.R.Discussion: A Summary of Changes and Derivation of LRFD Bolt Design ProvisionsBiren, JosephDumonteil, PierreClosure: A Summary of Changes and Derivation of LRFD Bolt Design ProvisionsCarter, Charles J.2nd QuarterDesign of Crane Runway Beam with ChannelEllifritt, Duane S.Lue, Dung-MyauDesign Tables for Top- and Seat-Angle with Double Web-Angle ConnectionsChen, Wai-FahKim, YosukErrataErrataWeb Shear Strength of Flexural MembersSegui, William T.Errata: Discussion of A Summary of Changes and Derivation of LRFD Bolt Design ProvisionsCarter, Charles J.Tide, Raymond H.R.Yura, Joseph A.Errata: Practical Application of Energy Methods to Structural Stability ProblemsNair, R. Shankar3rd QuarterK-factors for Unbraced Frames: Alignment Chart Accuracy for Practical Frame VariationsGuo, Chelsea Q.Hamid, Hazlan AbdulRoddis, W.M. KimOptimal Stiffness Design to Limit Static and Dynamic Wind Responses of Tall Steel BuildingsChan, Chun-ManThe Ultimate Strength of Symmetric Beam Bolted SplicesFrank, Karl H.Sheikh-Ibrahim, Firas I.Errata: Design Tables for Top- and Seat-Angle with Double Web-Angle ConnectionsChen, Wai-FahKim, YosukErrata: Discussion of The Behavior and Load-Carrying Capacity of Unstiffened Seated Beam ConnectionsCarter, Charles J.Murray, Thomas M.Thornton, William A.Discussion: Improved Shear Strength of Webs Designed in Accordance with the LRFD SpecificationEllifritt, Duane S.Closure: Improved Shear Strength of Webs Designed in Accordance with the LRFD SpecificationBradford, Mark A.4th QuarterExperimental Implementation of Active Control to Reduce Annoying Floor VibrationsHanagan, Linda M.Murray, Thomas M.Experimental Investigation of Dogbone Moment ConnectionsEngelhardt, Michael D.Potyraj, Timothy J.Winneberger, TedZekany, Andrew J.Belt Trusses and Basements as 'Virtual' Outriggers for Tall BuildingsNair, R. ShankarSimplified Inelastic Design of Steel Girder BridgesSchilling, Charles G.19991st QuarterSpliced Axially-Loaded Single-Angle Members in CompressionMadugula, Murty K.S.Sakla, Sherief S.S.Wahba, Yohanna M.F.Semi-Rigid Frame Design Methods for Practicing EngineersBjorhovde, ReidarChristopher, John E.Beam-Column Base Plate Design - LRFD MethodDrake, Richard M.Elkin, Sharon J.ErrataErrataDiscussionThe Effects of Over-Compressing ASTM F959 Direct Tension Indicators on A325 Bolts Used in Shear ConnectionsGentry, GuyNielsen, Richard J.Schmeckpeper, Edwin R.DiscussionClosure2nd QuarterPreface to the North American Design ComparisonsGilmor, Michael I.Iwankiw, Nestor R.Martinez-Romero, EnriqueA Comparison of Canadian, Mexican, and United States Steel Design StandardsGalambos, Theodore V.A Comparison of General Design and Load Requirements in Building Codes in Canada, Mexico, and the United StatesEllingwood, Bruce R.Design Aids for Walking Vibrations in Steel Framed FloorsLaman, Jeffrey A.Historical Note on K-Factor EquationsDumonteil, Pierre3rd QuarterSeismic Performance and Design of Bolted Steel Moment-Resisting FramesAstaneh-Asl, AbolhassanProbabilistic Modeling of Steel Moment Frames with Welded ConnectionsEllingwood, Bruce R.Song, JianlinCantilever Beam Framing SystemsHemstad, MichaelPonding Calculations in LRFD and ASDCarter, Charles J.Zuo, JiahongDiscussionDiscussion: The Effects of Over-Compressing ASTM F959 Direct TensionRicker, David T.Closure: The Effects of Over-Compressing ASTM F959 Direct Tension Indicators on A325 Bolts Used in Shear ConnectionsGentry, GuyNielsen, Richard J.Schmeckpeper, Edwin R.4th QuarterRepair of Existing Steel Moment Frame Buildigns Damaged from Earthquakes Using Fracture Tough Weld OverlaysAnderson, James C.Compton, JackHayes, WalterMaranian, PeterSimon, WarnerDesign Criteria for Stiffened Seated Connections to Column WebsEllifritt, Duane S.Sputo, ThomasErrataSidesway Web Buckling of Steel BeamsCheng, J.J.R.Grondin, Gilbert Y.20001st QuarterErrata: Design Criteria for Stiffened Seated Connections to Column WebsEllifritt, Duane S.Sputo, ThomasInelastic Design and Testing of Steel Bridges Comprising Noncompact SectionsBarker, Michael G.Hartnagel, Bryan A.Design of Concrete-Filled Hollow Structural Steel Columns for Fire EnduranceKodur, V.K.R.MacKinnon, David H.Modeling of Support Conditions at the Bases of Tall BuildingsNair, R. ShankarDesign of Welded Steel Moment Connections Using Truss AnalogyGoel, Subhash C.Lee, Kyoung-HyeogStojadinovic, Bozidar2nd QuarterA New Approach for Design of Steel Beam-ColumnsAminmansour, AbbasDevelopments in Long Span Composite SlabsEasterling, W. SamuelWidjaja, Budi R.Errata: Beam-Column Base Plate DesignDrake, Richard M.Elkin, Sharon J.3rd QuarterExamination of AISC LRFD Shear Lag Design ProvisionsKirkham, William J.Miller, Thomas H.LRFD Beam-Column Graphical Design AidKeil, William J.Panel Zone Yielding in Steel Moment ConnectionsEl-Tawil, SherifErrata4th QuarterGusset Plate Connection to Round HSS Tension MembersCheng, J.J.R.Kulak, Geoffrey L.Nonlinear Analysis of Composite Steel Girder BridgesDeng, LinzhongGhosn, MichelExperiments on the Effects of Power Actuated Fasteners on the Strength of Open Web Steel JoistsBeck, HermannEngelhardt, Michael D.Kates, ZacharyStasney, BlakeDiscussion: Ponding Calculations in LRFD and ASDMilbradt, K.P.Errata: Beam-Column Base Plate DesignDrake, Richard M.Elkin, Sharon J.Errata: Panel Zone Yielding in Steel Moment ConnectionsEl-Tawil, Sherif20011st QuarterThe Use of Orthotropic Decks in Redecking of BridgesWolchuk, RomanFundamentals of Beam BracingYura, Joseph A.What You Should Know About Heat Straightening Repair of Damaged SteelAvent, R. RichardMukai, David J.Steel Plate Shear Walls-An OverviewDriver, Robert G.Kennedy, D.J.L.Kulak, Geoffrey L.Medhekar, Manoj2nd QuarterStrength of Singly Symmetric I-Shaped Beam-ColumnsGalambos, Theodore V.Restrained Fire Resistance Ratings in Structural Steel BuildingsGewain, Richard G.Troup, Emile W.J.Design of Mill Building Columns Using Notional LoadsSchmidt, Jon A.The Ultimate Strength of Symmetric Beam Bolted SplicesFrank, Karl H.Sheikh-Ibrahim, Firas I.Errata: Discussion of The Behavior and Load-Carrying Capacity of Unstiffened Seated Beam ConnectionsBowman, Mark D.Chen, Wai-FahYang, W.H.3rd QuarterThe Performance and Design Checking of Chord-Angle Legs in Joist GirdersGalambos, Theodore V.Tables for the Design Strength of Eccentrically-Loaded Single Angle StrutsSakla, Sherief S.S.A Technical Note: Derivation of the LRFD Column Design EquationsTide, Raymond H.R.DiscussionDesign of Skewed ConnectionsKloiber, LarryThornton, William A.Seismic Behavior and Design of Concentrically Braced Steel FramesTremblay, RobertErrata4th QuarterThe Effects of a Severe Fire on the Steel Frame of an Office BuildingDexter, Robert J.Lu, Le-WuErrataDesign Considerations for W-Shape Flexural Members Built-Up from PlatesBankes, Michael E.Drake, Richard M.Constrained Through-Thickness Strength of Column Flanges of Various Grades and ChemistriesDexter, Robert J.Perez, Minerva I.Prochnow, Sara D.AISC LRFD Rules for Block Shear in Bolted Connections-A ReviewGrondin, Gilbert Y.Kulak, Geoffrey L.ErrataDiscussionClosureCompactness and Bracing Recommendations for Equal Leg Single Angle BeamsEarls, C.J.Errata: Seismic Behavior and Design of Concentrically Braced Steel FramesTremblay, Robert20021st QuarterPerfobond Shear Connector for Composite ConstructionMedberry, Sara B.Shahrooz, Bahram M.Story-Based Effective Length Factors for Unbraced PR FramesLiu, YuxinXu, LeiEffect of Compound Buckling on Compression Strength of Built-up MembersDuan, LianReno, MarkUang, Chia-MingFlexural Capacity and Ductility of HPS-70W Bridge GirdersAzizinamini, AtorodMans, PatrickYakel, Aaron J.Tension Field Action in Hybrid Steel GirdersBarker, Michael G.Hurst, Austin MWhite, Donald W.Errata: The Effects of a Severe Fire on the Steel Frame of an Office BuildingDexter, Robert J.Lu, Le-Wu2nd QuarterNew Fatigue Provisions for the Design of Crane Runway GirdersFisher, James M.Van de Pas, Julius P.Design Concepts for Jib CranesFisher, James M.Thomas, Steven J.ErrataDiscussionA Technical Note: Comparison of Design Specifications for Design of Pipe and Round HSS Pedestrian Guardrail SystemsSputo, ThomasDiscussionClosureUsing Moment and Axial Interaction Equations to Account for Moment and Shear Lag Effects in Tension MembersD'Aiuto, Christopher L.Epstein, Howard I.DiscussionClosureRelating the Seismic Drift Demands of SMRFs to Element Deformation DemandsGupta, AkshayKrawinkler, HelmutErrata: AISC LRFD Rules for Block Shear in Bolted Connections--A ReviewGrondin, Gilbert Y.Kulak, Geoffrey L.3rd QuarterComposite Steel JoistsSamuelson, DavidInfluence of Bolt-Line Eccentricity on WT Tension Member CapacityBartels, Peter A.Barth, Karl E.Orbison, James G.The Effect of Bedding Layer on the Strength of Shear Connection in Full-Depth Precast DeckChang, Sung-PilKim, Jong-HeeMatsui, ShigeyukiShim, Chang-SuUltimate Strength Prying Models for Bolted T-stub ConnectionsSwanson, James A.Dynamic Amplitude Prediction for Ballroom FloorsHanagan, Linda M.P-V-M Interaction Curves for Seismic Design of Steel Column Base ConnectionsArlekar, Jaswant N.Murty, C.V.R.Errata: Design Tables for Top- and Seat-Angle with Double Web-Angle ConnectionsChen, Wai-FahKim, Yosuk4th Quarter2000 T.R. Higgins Award Paper - A Practical Look at Frame Analysis, Stability and Leaning ColumnsGeschwindner, Louis F.ErrataTechnical Note: Torsional Analysis of Steel SectionsMoore, William E., IIMueller, KeithDesign Method for the Bolts in Bearing-Type Connections with FillersSheikh-Ibrahim, Firas I.Elastic Design Charts for the Rapid Selection of Web Bolts for Composite Steel Bridge SplicesSheikh-Ibrahim, Firas I.Block Shear and Net Section Capacities of Structural Tees in Tension: Test Results and Code ImplicationsEpstein, Howard I.Stamberg, HansDiscussion: AISC LRFD Rules for Block Shear in Bolted Connections-A ReviewGupta, MohanGupta, L. M.Closure: AISC LRFD Rules for Block Shear in Bolted Connections-A ReviewGrondin, Gilbert Y.Kulak, Geoffrey L.Errata: An Experimental Study of Block Shear Failure of Angles in TensionEpstein, Howard I.Errata: Rational Basis for Increased Fillet Weld StrengthIwankiw, Nestor R.Errata: Design Concepts for Jib CranesFisher, James M.Thomas, Steven J.20031st QuarterUpdating Standard Shape Material Properties Database for Design and ReliabilityBartlett, F. MichaelDexter, Robert J.Galambos, Theodore V.Graeser, Mark D.Jelinek, Jason J.Schmidt, Bradley J.DiscussionClosureDesign Recommendations for Bolted Rectangular HSS Flange-Plate Connections in Axial TensionPacker, Jeffrey A.Puthli, R.S.Willibald, S.Design of Free Flange Moment ConnectionChoi, JaehyungGoel, Subhash C.Stojadinovic, BozidarMTR Survey of Plate Material Used in Structural FabricationBrockenbrough, R.L.Evaluation of Applicability of Typical Column Design Equations to Steel H-Piles Supporting Integral A